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1. Design and testing of ceramic breaks for the electrostatic residual ion dump of the ITER neutral beam test facility

Author

Zaupa M., Dalla Palma M., Tinti P., Zaccaria P., Graceffa J., Bragulat E., Lopez A., Micò Montava G., Sampedro Durà A., Arrillaga X., Azpiroz X., Carmona J.M., Iriarte M., and Jimenez Aguinaga C.

Subjects
ITER, neutral beam test facility, HNB, dump
Abstract

The operating principle of the ITER heating neutral beam injector ( is based on the acceleration and neutralisation of negative ions . The remaining charged particles after the neutralization process shall be removed by an e lectrostatic residual ion d ump (ERID) in which electrostatic fields are used to deflect the ions that are so dumped onto five water actively cooled p anels delimiting the four channels particle beam In order to realize the electrostatic field, three panels are grounded and the other two are polarised at a negative potential up to 25 kV The electric insulation on cooling pipes between polarised panels and ground is realized by ceramic breaks with 145 mm outer diameter and made of explosion bonded 316L tutanium grade 2 plates that are brazed to an alumina type IV tube ( titanium grade 2 side) and welded to cooling pipes (316L side)side). Alumina ha s excellen t thermal stability, oxidation and corrosion resistance . On the other hand, titanium grade 2 ha s good ductility besides the high strength and l imited mismatch of the c oefficient of thermal expansion with respect to alumina . Nevertheless, large residual str ess es are expected in the brazed joint due to the wide temperature range between solidus temperature (780 °C) of the brazing alloy ( Ticusil® and room temperature Different brazed joint configurations were analyses by means of finite element analysis (FE A)A), by modifying the geometry and the position of the braz ed joint . The involved materials were simulated by bi linear model s of the stress strain curve and with n on linear temperature dependence of thermal expansion coefficients Influence of a 50 µm thic k interlayer made of Ticusil® between alumina and titanium was also simulated in order to reduce the stresses Von Mises criterion was selected to evaluate the st r ess field in the metallic parts while Drucker Prager criterion was implemented to assess the strength of the alumina tube

Published
2021

2. Progress in the ITER neutral beam test facility

Author

Piergiorgio Sonato, Hitesh Patel, A. Sottocornola, Veena Gupta, B. Raval, G. Rostagni, M. Spolaore, M. Fadone, A. Patel, Andrea Rizzolo, G. Gambetta, M. Recchia, Francesco Gnesotto, M. Brombin, Roberto Pasqualotto, M. Zaupa, J.F. Moreno, Giuseppe Marchiori, W. Kraus, P. Tinti, G. Serianni, G. Kouzmenko, Gabriele Manduchi, V. Antoni, A. Zamengo, F. Paolucci, Giuseppe Chitarin, M. Battistella, Tullio Bonicelli, C. Labate, V. Pilard, H. Decamps, C. Taliercio, Matteo Agostini, R. Piovan, G. Agarici, Mieko Kashiwagi, E. Ocello, Roberto Cavazzana, D. Boilson, Vanni Toigo, Barbara Zaniol, Marco Cavenago, F. Geli, A. De Lorenzi, M. Dremel, M. De Muri, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Nicola Pilan, Marco D’Arienzo, B. Schunke, M. Urbani, P. Jain, Namita Singh, T. Patton, A. Tonti, R. Delogu, N. Pomaro, A. Rousseau, F. Gasparini, T. Maejima, Naotaka Umeda, Ursel Fantz, H. Dhola, Marco Barbisan, C. Rotti, Lennart Svensson, M. Valente, Simone Peruzzo, G. Gomez, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, Bernd Heinemann, Hiroyuki Tobari, Pierluigi Veltri, S. Manfrin, M. Siragusa, Muriel Simon, Luca Grando, Ujjwal Baruah, Silvia Spagnolo, F. Panin, A. Muraro, A.K. Chakraborty, A. Fiorentin, Adriano Luchetta, P. Zaccaria, G. Mico, A. Maistrello, C. Poggi, A. Masiello, M. Bigi, Diego Marcuzzi, Atsushi Kojima, S. Ochoa, P. Blatchford, Gabriele Croci, Y. Xue, A. Pimazzoni, Piero Agostinetti, E. Spada, Daniel Gutierrez, Marica Rebai, B. Chuilon, M. Dan, M. Moresco, L. Zanotto, A. Garbuglia, S. Denizeau, J. Chareyre, S. Hanke, M. Pavei, Sandro Sandri, L. Bailly-Maitre, M. Ugoletti, Emanuele Sartori, Nicolò Marconato, Giuseppe Gorini, M. Dalla Palma, J. Graceffa, M. Boldrin, S. Sasaki, Alberto Ferro, F. Fellin, S. Dal Bello, M. Tardocchi, E. Bragulat, Toigo, V, Dal Bello, S, Bigi, M, Boldrin, M, Chitarin, G, Grando, L, Luchetta, A, Marcuzzi, D, Pasqualotto, R, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Zaccaria, P, Zanotto, L, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Brombin, M, Cavazzana, R, Dalla Palma, M, Dan, M, Denizeau, S, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fadone, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Fiorentin, A, Gaio, E, Gambetta, G, Gasparini, F, Gnesotto, F, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Manfrin, S, Marchiori, G, Marconato, N, Moresco, M, Ocello, E, Patton, T, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Piovan, R, Poggi, C, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Tinti, P, Ugoletti, M, Valente, M, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Rotti, C, Veltri, P, Chareyre, J, Decamps, H, Dremel, M, Graceffa, J, Geli, F, Schunke, B, Svensson, L, Urbani, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Garbuglia, A, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly-Maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Labate, C, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Kouzmenko, G, Rousseau, A, Kashiwagi, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maejima, T, Kojima, A, Umeda, N, Sasaki, S, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Patel, H, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Gupta, V, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Cavenago, M, Hanke, S, Ochoa, S, Blatchford, P, Chuilon, B, Xue, Y, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Muraro, A, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, D'Arienzo, M, Sandri, S, Tonti, A, Panin, F, Toigo, V., Dal Bello, S., Bigi, M., Boldrin, M., Chitarin, G., Grando, L., Luchetta, A., Marcuzzi, D., Pasqualotto, R., Pomaro, N., Serianni, G., Zaccaria, P., Zanotto, L., Agostinetti, P., Agostini, M., Antoni, V., Aprile, D., Barbisan, M., Battistella, M., Brombin, M., Cavazzana, R., Dalla Palma, M., Dan, M., Denizeau, S., De Lorenzi, A., Delogu, R., De Muri, M., Fadone, M., Fellin, F., Ferro, A., Fiorentin, A., Gaio, E., Gambetta, G., Gasparini, F., Gnesotto, F., Jain, P., Maistrello, A., Manduchi, G., Manfrin, S., Marchiori, G., Marconato, N., Moresco, M., Ocello, E., Patton, T., Pavei, M., Peruzzo, S., Pilan, N., Pimazzoni, A., Piovan, R., Poggi, C., Recchia, M., Rizzolo, A., Rostagni, G., Sartori, E., Siragusa, M., Sonato, P., Sottocornola, A., Spada, E., Spagnolo, S., Spolaore, M., Taliercio, C., Tinti, P., Ugoletti, M., Valente, M., Zamengo, A., Zaniol, B., Zaupa, M., Boilson, D., Rotti, C., Veltri, P., Chareyre, J., Decamps, H., Dremel, M., Graceffa, J., Geli, F., Schunke, B., Svensson, L., Urbani, M., Bonicelli, T., Agarici, G., Garbuglia, A., Masiello, A., Paolucci, F., Simon, M., Bailly-Maitre, L., Bragulat, E., Gomez, G., Gutierrez, D., Labate, C., Mico, G., Moreno, J. F., Pilard, V., Kouzmenko, G., Rousseau, A., Kashiwagi, M., Tobari, H., Watanabe, K., Maejima, T., Kojima, A., Umeda, N., Sasaki, S., Chakraborty, A., Baruah, U., Patel, H., Singh, N. P., Patel, A., Dhola, H., Raval, B., Gupta, V., Fantz, U., Heinemann, B., Kraus, W., Cavenago, M., Hanke, S., Ochoa, S., Blatchford, P., Chuilon, B., Xue, Y., Croci, G., Gorini, G., Muraro, A., Rebai, M., Tardocchi, M., D'Arienzo, M., Sandri, S., Tonti, A., and Panin, F.

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, Test facility, ITER, neutral beam injector, PRIMA: the ITER neutral beam test facility (NBTF), SPIDER, Nuclear engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Neutral beam injector, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract

Heating neutral beam (HNB) injectors, necessary to achieve burning conditions and to control plasma instabilities in ITER, are characterized by such demanding parameters that a neutral beam test facility (NBTF) dedicated to their development and optimization is being realized in Padua (Italy) with direct contributions from the Italian government (through Consorzio RFX as the host entity) and the ITER international organization (with kind contributions from the ITER domestic agencies of Europe, Japan and India) and technical and scientific support from various European laboratories and universities. The NBTF hosts two experiments: SPIDER, devoted to ion source optimization for the required source performance, and MITICA, the full-size prototype of the ITER HNB, with an ion source identical to SPIDER. This paper gives an overview of the progress towards NBTF realization, with particular emphasis on issues discovered during this phase of activity and on solutions adopted to minimize the impact on the schedule and maintain the goals of the facilities. The realization of MITICA is well advanced; operation is expected to start in 2023 due to the long procurement time of the in-vessel mechanical components. The beam source power supplies, operating at 1 MV, are in an advanced phase of realization; all high-voltage components have been installed and the complex insulation test phase began in 2018. At the same time, construction and installation of SPIDER plant systems was successfully completed with their integration into the facility. The mechanical components of the SPIDER ion source were installed inside the vessel and connected to the plants. Integrated commissioning with the control, protection and safety systems ended positively and the first experimental phase has begun. The first results of the SPIDER experiment, with data from operational diagnostics, and the plans for the 1 MV insulation tests on the MITICA high-voltage components are presented.

Published
2019
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3. Lessons learned after three years of SPIDER operation and the first MITICA integrated tests

Author

D. Marcuzzi, V. Toigo, M. Boldrin, G. Chitarin, S. Dal Bello, L. Grando, A. Luchetta, R. Pasqualotto, M. Pavei, G. Serianni, L. Zanotto, R. Agnello, P. Agostinetti, M. Agostini, D. Aprile, M. Barbisan, M. Battistella, G. Berton, M. Bigi, M. Brombin, V. Candela, V. Candeloro, A. Canton, R. Casagrande, C. Cavallini, R. Cavazzana, L. Cordaro, N. Cruz, M. Dalla Palma, M. Dan, A. De Lorenzi, R. Delogu, M. De Muri, M. De Nardi, S. Denizeau, M. Fadone, F. Fellin, A. Ferro, E. Gaio, C. Gasparrini, F. Gnesotto, P. Jain, A. La Rosa, D. Lopez-Bruna, R. Lorenzini, A. Maistrello, G. Manduchi, S. Manfrin, N. Marconato, I. Mario, G. Martini, R. Milazzo, T. Patton, S. Peruzzo, N. Pilan, A. Pimazzoni, C. Poggi, N. Pomaro, B. Pouradier-Duteil, M. Recchia, A. Rigoni-Garola, D. Rizzetto, A. Rizzolo, F. Santoro, E. Sartori, B. Segalini, A. Shepherd, M. Siragusa, P. Sonato, A. Sottocornola, E. Spada, S. Spagnolo, M. Spolaore, C. Taliercio, P. Tinti, P. Tomsič, L. Trevisan, M. Ugoletti, M. Valente, M. Valisa, F. Veronese, M. Vignando, P. Zaccaria, R. Zagorski, B. Zaniol, M. Zaupa, M. Zuin, M. Cavenago, D. Boilson, C. Rotti, H. Decamps, F. Geli, A. Sharma, P. Veltri, J. Zacks, M. Simon, F. Paolucci, A. Garbuglia, D. Gutierrez, A. Masiello, G. Mico, C. Labate, P. Readman, E. Bragulat, L. Bailly-Maitre, G. Gomez, G. Kouzmenko, F. Albajar, M. Kashiwagi, H. Tobari, A. Kojima, M. Murayama, S. Hatakeyama, E. Oshita, T. Maejima, N. Shibata, Y. Yamashita, K. Watanabe, N.P. Singh, M.J. Singh, H. Dhola, U. Fantz, B. Heinemann, C. Wimmer, D. Wünderlich, K. Tsumori, G. Croci, G. Gorini, A. Muraro, M. Rebai, M. Tardocchi, L. Giacomelli, D. Rigamonti, F. Taccogna, D. Bruno, M. Rutigliano, S. Longo, S. Deambrosis, E. Miorin, F. Montagner, A. Tonti, F. Panin, Marcuzzi, D, Toigo, V, Boldrin, M, Chitarin, G, Dal Bello, S, Grando, L, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Serianni, G, Zanotto, L, Agnello, R, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Aprile, D, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Berton, G, Bigi, M, Brombin, M, Candela, V, Candeloro, V, Canton, A, Casagrande, R, Cavallini, C, Cavazzana, R, Cordaro, L, Cruz, N, Dalla Palma, M, Dan, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, De Nardi, M, Denizeau, S, Fadone, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gaio, E, Gasparrini, C, Gnesotto, F, Jain, P, La Rosa, A, Lopez-Bruna, D, Lorenzini, R, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Manfrin, S, Marconato, N, Mario, I, Martini, G, Milazzo, R, Patton, T, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Poggi, C, Pomaro, N, Pouradier-Duteil, B, Recchia, M, Rigoni-Garola, A, Rizzetto, D, Rizzolo, A, Santoro, F, Sartori, E, Segalini, B, Shepherd, A, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Tinti, P, Tomsic, P, Trevisan, L, Ugoletti, M, Valente, M, Valisa, M, Veronese, F, Vignando, M, Zaccaria, P, Zagorski, R, Zaniol, B, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Cavenago, M, Boilson, D, Rotti, C, Decamps, H, Geli, F, Sharma, A, Veltri, P, Zacks, J, Simon, M, Paolucci, F, Garbuglia, A, Gutierrez, D, Masiello, A, Mico, G, Labate, C, Readman, P, Bragulat, E, Bailly-Maitre, L, Gomez, G, Kouzmenko, G, Albajar, F, Kashiwagi, M, Tobari, H, Kojima, A, Murayama, M, Hatakeyama, S, Oshita, E, Maejima, T, Shibata, N, Yamashita, Y, Watanabe, K, Singh, N, Singh, M, Dhola, H, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Wimmer, C, Wunderlich, D, Tsumori, K, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Muraro, A, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Giacomelli, L, Rigamonti, D, Taccogna, F, Bruno, D, Rutigliano, M, Longo, S, Deambrosis, S, Miorin, E, Montagner, F, Tonti, A, and Panin, F

Subjects
Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph), iter, Mechanical Engineering, FOS: Physical sciences, nbtf, neutral beam injector, mitica, Physics - Plasma Physics, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Physics - Accelerator Physics, General Materials Science, spider, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

ITER envisages the use of two heating neutral beam injectors plus an optional one as part of the auxiliary heating and current drive system, to reach the desired performances during its various phases of operation. The 16.5 MW expected neutral beam power per injector is several notches higher than worldwide existing facilities.In order to enable such development, a Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) was established at Consorzio RFX, exploiting the synergy of two test beds, called SPIDER and MITICA. SPIDER is dedicated developing and char-acterizing large efficient negative ion sources at relevant parameters in ITER-like conditions: source and accel-erator located in the same vacuum where the beam propagates, immunity to electromagnetic interferences of multiple radio-frequency (RF) antennas, avoidance of RF-induced discharges on the outside of the source. Three years of experiments on SPIDER have addressed to the necessary design modifications to enable full perfor-mances. The source is presently under a long shut-down phase to incorporate learnings from the experimental campaign, in particular events/issues occurred during operation, which led to the identification of improvement opportunities/necessities (e.g. RF discharges, local burns, water leaks, other damages, configuration/design upgrades to maximize chances/margin to quest target parameters).Parallelly, developments on MITICA, the full-scale prototype of the ITER Neutral Beam Injector (NBI) featuring a 1 MV accelerator and ion neutralization, are underway including manufacturing of the beam source, accel-erator and the beam line components, while power supplies and auxiliary plants, already installed, are under final testing and commissioning.Integration, commissioning and tests of the 1 MV power supplies are essential for this first-of-kind system, unparalleled both in research and industry field. 1.2 MV dc insulating tests of high voltage components were successfully completed. The integrated test to confirm 1 MV output by combining invertor systems, DC gener-ators and transmission lines extracted errors/accidents in some components. To realize a concrete system for ITER, said events have been addressed and solutions for the repair and the improvement of the system were developed.Hence, NBTF is emerging as a necessary facility, due to the large gap with existing injectors, effectively dedicated to identify issues and find solutions to enable successful ITER NBI operations in a time bound fashion. The lessons learned during the implementation on NBTF and future perspectives are here discussed.

Published
2023
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4. A substantial step forward in the realization of the ITER HNB system: The ITER NBI Test Facility

Author

A. Fiorentin, Silvia Spagnolo, E. Spada, Daniel Gutierrez, B. Chuilon, Pierluigi Veltri, M. Recchia, J. Chareyre, Lennart Svensson, M. De Muri, F. Fellin, C. Rotti, R. S. Hemsworth, A. Muraro, J.F. Moreno, Gianluigi Serianni, Adriano Luchetta, A. Maistrello, Muriel Simon, G. Gambetta, Alberto Ferro, Giuseppe Chitarin, W. Kraus, Gabriele Manduchi, F. Paolucci, M. Battistella, H. Decamps, L. Zanotto, Y. Xue, C. Taliercio, E. Ocello, V. Pilard, H.P.L. de Esch, J. Graceffa, Bernd Heinemann, Marco Cavenago, M.V. Nagaraju, P. Zaccaria, S. Hanke, M. Boldrin, M. Spolaore, Diego Marcuzzi, Atsushi Kojima, M. Pavei, Sandro Sandri, P. Jain, M. Siragusa, Marco D’Arienzo, Francesco Gnesotto, M. Bigi, S. Ochoa, A.K. Chakraborty, M. Urbani, N. Pomaro, Gabriele Croci, A. Pimazzoni, Tullio Bonicelli, S. Dal Bello, C. Baltador, G. Gomez, Volker Hauer, A. Sottocornola, A. Zamengo, M. Valente, Hiroyuki Tobari, Matteo Agostini, R. Piovan, Hitesh Patel, Vanni Toigo, Andrea Rizzolo, G. Mico, B. Raval, H. Yamanaka, A. Masiello, B. Schunke, Simone Peruzzo, A. De Lorenzi, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, E. Bragulat, Nicolò Marconato, Giuseppe Gorini, M. Kushwah, P. Blatchford, Piero Agostinetti, Marica Rebai, T. Maeshima, M. Dalla Palma, M. Moresco, Masaya Hanada, Kazuhiro Watanabe, L. Bailly-Maitre, Nicola Pilan, Emanuele Sartori, Naotaka Umeda, M. Brombin, M. Zaupa, Piergiorgio Sonato, C. Finotti, A. Patel, V. Antoni, D. Boilson, H. Dhola, M. J. Singh, Roberto Pasqualotto, Marco Barbisan, Luca Grando, G. Agarici, Mieko Kashiwagi, Barbara Zaniol, Namita Singh, Ursel Fantz, R. Delogu, G. Rostagni, Ujjwal Baruah, Toigo, V, Piovan, R, Dal Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Dalla Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Finotti, C, Fiorentin, A, Gambetta, G, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Moresco, M, Ocello, E, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly Maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Kashiwagi, M, Hanada, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maeshima, T, Kojima, A, Umeda, N, Yamanaka, H, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Hanke, S, Hauer, V, Ochoa, S, Blatchford, P, Chuilon, B, Xue, Y, De Esch, H, Hemsworth, R, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Cavenago, M, D'Arienzo, M, and Sandri, S

Subjects
Computer science, Nuclear engineering, NBI, PRIMA, PRIMA: the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF), neutral beam injector, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, ITER, Heating Neutral Beam Injector (HNB), PRIMA: the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF), SPIDER, MITICA, law, ITER, 0103 physical sciences, NBTF, General Materials Science, Spider, 010306 general physics, Civil and Structural Engineering, Test facility, Mitica, Mechanical Engineering, neutral beam test facility, Injector, Heating Neutral Beam Injector (HNB), Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Materials Science (all), Realization (systems), Beam (structure)
Abstract

The realization of the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) and the start the experimental phase are important tasks of the fusion roadmap, since the target requirements of injecting to the plasma a beam of Deuterium atoms with a power up to 16.5 MW, at 1MeV of energy and with a pulse length up to 3600s have never been reached together before. The ITER NBTF, called PRIMA (Padova Research on ITER Megavolt Accelerator), is hosted in Padova, Italy; it includes two experiments: MITICA, the full-scale prototype of the ITER injector and SPIDER, the full-size negative ion source. The realization promoted by the ITER organization is carried out with the contribution of the European Union, channeled through the Joint Undertaking for ITER (F4E), of the Consorzio RFX which hosts the Test Facility, the Japanese and the Indian ITER Domestic Agencies (JADA and INDA) and several European laboratories, such as IPP-Garching, KIT-Karlsruhe, CCFECulham, CEA-Cadarache. The early start of operation of PRIMA experiments is urgent because sufficient experimental time is necessary to face and solve the issues related to the achievement of the desired performance in time for the ITER operation, requiring NBI since the beginning. Substantial progresses have been recently achieved: the buildings construction, begun in October 2012, has been completed by the end of 2015 and the installation of some components has been started since the end of 2014. The SPIDER realization is well advanced: the installation phase is proceeding in good agreement with the general plan; it is expected to be almost completed by the end of 2016. In parallel, the commissioning of the SPIDER power supply (PS) and auxiliary plant systems is being proceeding. Tests at full power and remote control are planned, including also those addressed to reproduce the grid breakdowns and to test the relevant protections. The design of the MITICA injector components was completed in 2015their procurement is being made through a number of tenders, some of them already launched. The HV Power Supply system of the MITICA 1MV accelerator, provided by JADA, was delivered on site in December 2015. The challenging installation of these components, including the step-up transformers and the SF6 gas insulated transmission line, started soon after and will go on throughout 2016. The present phase, with the PRIMA buildings continuously filled with new components, with the installation activities progressing and with also the commissioning and testing phase starting represents a substantial step forward toward the main target. The paper will describe the main challenges the Project Team has dealt during this phase and the important feedback derived for the ITER HNB systems both from the technical and the organizational standpoints.

Published
2017
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5. The ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility toward SPIDER operation

Author

J.F. Moreno, A. Zamengo, M. Urbani, P. Zaccaria, C. Baltador, W. Kraus, Alberto Ferro, V. Pilard, M. Spolaore, M. Bigi, H. Dhola, Ujjwal Baruah, Pierluigi Veltri, Gabriele Croci, M. J. Singh, A. Pimazzoni, G. Mico, C. Rotti, E. Spada, Piero Agostinetti, A. Muraro, Gabriele Manduchi, D. Gutierrez, L. Bailly-Maitre, M. Battistella, F. Fellin, Marica Rebai, M. Fröschle, Marco Barbisan, Emanuele Sartori, Marco Cavenago, G. Agarici, S. Dal Bello, M. Simon, V. Antoni, J. Chareyre, Luca Grando, R. Riedl, P. Jain, M. Valente, M.V. Nagaraju, Roberto Pasqualotto, Diego Marcuzzi, Gianluigi Serianni, M. Kushwah, M. Dalla Palma, M. Tardocchi, C. Wimmer, E. Bragulat, Barbara Zaniol, D. Boilson, J. Graceffa, D. Wünderlich, M. De Muri, R. S. Hemsworth, R. Delogu, L. Zanotto, M. Boldrin, Namita Singh, Ursel Fantz, M. Brombin, Matteo Agostini, M. Siragusa, R. Piovan, A. Patel, B. Raval, Riccardo Nocentini, G. Gambetta, N. Pomaro, Giuseppe Chitarin, F. Paolucci, M. Pavei, Silvia Spagnolo, Simone Peruzzo, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, Hitesh Patel, M. Recchia, A.K. Chakraborty, Bernd Heinemann, Loic Schiesko, A. De Lorenzi, A. Masiello, A. Garbuglia, M. Zaupa, Vanni Toigo, B. Schunke, G. Gomez, Andrea Rizzolo, Nicolò Marconato, Giuseppe Gorini, H. Decamps, C. Taliercio, Nicola Pilan, Tullio Bonicelli, Adriano Luchetta, A. Maistrello, Lennart Svensson, Toigo, V, Dal Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Dalla Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gambetta, G, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Piovan, R, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Garbuglia, A, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Frã¶schle, M, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Nocentini, R, Riedl, R, Schiesko, L, Wimmer, C, Wã¼nderlich, D, Cavenago, M, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Tardocchi, M, and Hemsworth, R

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spider, Test facility, Nuclear engineering, PRIMA: the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF), Condensed Matter Physics, ITER, heating neutral beam injector (HNB), PRIMA: the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF), SPIDER, 01 natural sciences, SPIDER, 010305 fluids & plasmas, heating neutral beam injector (HNB), ITER, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Beam (structure), Nuclear and High Energy Physic
Abstract

SPIDER is one of two projects of the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility under construction in Padova, Italy, at the Consorzio RFX premises. It will have a 100 keV beam source with a full-size prototype of the radiofrequency ion source for the ITER neutral beam injector (NBI) and also, similar to the ITER diagnostic neutral beam, it is designed to operate with a pulse length of up to 3600 s, featuring an ITER-like magnetic filter field configuration (for high extraction of negative ions) and caesium oven (for high production of negative ions) layout as well as a wide set of diagnostics. These features will allow a reproduction of the ion source operation in ITER, which cannot be done in any other existing test facility. SPIDER realization is well advanced and the first operation is expected at the beginning of 2018, with the mission of achieving the ITER heating and diagnostic NBI ion source requirements and of improving its performance in terms of reliability and availability. This paper mainly focuses on the preparation of the first SPIDER operations - integration and testing of SPIDER components, completion and implementation of diagnostics and control and formulation of operation and research plan, based on a staged strategy

Published
2017
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6. The PRIMA test facility: SPIDER and MITICA test-beds for ITER neutral beam injectors

Author

S. Hanke, M. Pavei, Sandro Sandri, L. Bailly-Maitre, G. Gomez, Emanuele Sartori, Diego Marcuzzi, Atsushi Kojima, A.K. Chakraborty, Vanni Toigo, T. Maejima, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Nicola Pilan, G. Mico, C. Rotti, A. Sottocornola, A. Zamengo, A. Masiello, Nicolò Marconato, Giuseppe Gorini, V. Antoni, B. Schunke, J. Chareyre, Gabriele Manduchi, G. Rostagni, P. Zaccaria, Gianluigi Serianni, Y. Xue, Alberto Ferro, M. Valente, M. De Muri, M. Bigi, R. S. Hemsworth, A. Muraro, S. Ochoa, Gabriele Croci, M. Brombin, Hiroyuki Tobari, A. Pimazzoni, M. Kushwah, Simone Peruzzo, Andrea Rizzolo, D. Boilson, Piergiorgio Sonato, M.V. Nagaraju, M. Recchia, M. Zaupa, H. Yamanaka, M. Dalla Palma, F. Fellin, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, J.F. Moreno, L. Zanotto, M. Spolaore, Ujjwal Baruah, M. Siragusa, Bernd Heinemann, H. Decamps, C. Taliercio, A. Garbuglia, A. Fiorentin, W. Kraus, M. Battistella, Muriel Simon, Francesco Gnesotto, E. Bragulat, Matteo Agostini, E. Ocello, Silvia Spagnolo, S. Dal Bello, Marco Cavenago, E. Spada, Daniel Gutierrez, Tullio Bonicelli, P. Blatchford, B. Chuilon, A. De Lorenzi, Piero Agostinetti, J. Graceffa, P. Jain, Marica Rebai, G. Gambetta, H.P.L. de Esch, A. Tonti, M. Moresco, Namita Singh, Lennart Svensson, Ursel Fantz, M. Urbani, M. Boldrin, C. Baltador, Adriano Luchetta, A. Maistrello, Giuseppe Chitarin, R. Piovan, H. Dhola, M. J. Singh, M. Tardocchi, Roberto Pasqualotto, V. Pilard, Pierluigi Veltri, G. Agarici, Mieko Kashiwagi, Barbara Zaniol, R. Delogu, Marco Barbisan, Luca Grando, F. Paolucci, Hitesh Patel, N. Pomaro, Naotaka Umeda, Marco D’Arienzo, B. Raval, Volker Hauer, A. Patel, Masaya Hanada, Toigo, V, Piovan, R, Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Fiorentin, A, Gambetta, G, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Moresco, M, Ocello, E, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Garbuglia, A, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Kashiwagi, M, Hanada, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maejima, T, Kojima, A, Umeda, N, Yamanaka, H, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Hanke, S, Hauer, V, Ochoa, S, Blatchford, P, Chuilon, B, Xue, Y, De Esch, H, Hemsworth, R, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Tardocchi, M, Cavenago, M, D'Arienzo, M, Sandri, S, and Tonti, A

Subjects
Nuclear engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, PRIMA, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, MITICA, Physics and Astronomy (all), Neutral beam injector, law, ITER, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, ITER, heating neutral beam injector, ITER neutral beam test facility, PRIMA, SPIDER, MITICA, 010306 general physics, heating neutral beam injector, Physics, Spider, Test facility, ITER neutral beam test facility, Advanced stage, Injector, SPIDER, Atomic physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract

The ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF), called PRIMA (Padova Research on ITER Megavolt Accelerator), is hosted in Padova, Italy and includes two experiments: MITICA, the full-scale prototype of the ITER heating neutral beam injector, and SPIDER, the full-size radio frequency negative-ions source. The NBTF realization and the exploitation of SPIDER and MITICA have been recognized as necessary to make the future operation of the ITER heating neutral beam injectors efficient and reliable, fundamental to the achievement of thermonuclear-relevant plasma parameters in ITER. This paper reports on design and R&D carried out to construct PRIMA, SPIDER and MITICA, and highlights the huge progress made in just a few years, from the signature of the agreement for the NBTF realization in 2011, up to now - when the buildings and relevant infrastructures have been completed, SPIDER is entering the integrated commissioning phase and the procurements of several MITICA components are at a well advanced stage

Published
2017
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7. Progress in the realization of the PRIMA neutral beam test facility

Author

D. Gutierrez, S. Dal Bello, A. De Lorenzi, M. Bandyopadhyay, J. Graceffa, Emanuele Sartori, V. Antoni, R. Andreani, V. N. Muvvala, P. Zaccaria, G. Gambetta, M. Boldrin, Riccardo Nocentini, Ujjwal Baruah, M. Bigi, A. Fiorentin, L. Fellin, S. Ochoa, Gabriele Croci, Giuseppe Chitarin, A. Muraro, Mieko Kashiwagi, Piero Agostinetti, Lennart Svensson, Federica Bonomo, Nicolò Marconato, G. Mico, Giuseppe Gorini, A. Sottocornola, A. Zamengo, M. Moresco, M. De Muri, D. Boilson, Alberto Ferro, M. Spolaore, Ashish Yadav, Francesco Gnesotto, Barbara Zaniol, H. Dhola, M. J. Singh, M. Battistella, V. Pilard, Marco D’Arienzo, T. Maeshima, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Silvia Spagnolo, Tullio Bonicelli, A.K. Chakraborty, Veena Gupta, Matteo Agostini, R. Piovan, Nicola Pilan, E. Ocello, M. Dalla Palma, F. Fellin, P. Sonato, M. Fröschle, N. Fonnesu, N. Pomaro, Vanni Toigo, R. Delogu, F. Paolucci, Adriano Luchetta, S. Hanke, Marco Cavenago, G. Agarici, A. Maistrello, M. Brombin, Marco Barbisan, A. Coniglio, M. Simon, M. Tardocchi, A. Patel, H.P.L. de Esch, G. Gomez, R. Dave, Andrea Rizzolo, Diego Marcuzzi, H. Yamanaka, E. Bragulat, Pierluigi Veltri, Namita Singh, Atsushi Kojima, A. Thakkar, M. Zaupa, Ursel Fantz, M. Valente, Luca Grando, H. Decamps, C. Taliercio, Hiroyuki Tobari, D. Parmar, Paolo Bettini, Roberto Pasqualotto, M. Recchia, R. Riedl, Bernd Heinemann, P. Franzen, C. Rotti, G. Rostagni, G. Roopesh, J.F. Moreno, P. Blatchford, W. Kraus, R.S. Hemsworth, M. Pavei, Sandro Sandri, L. Zanotto, Naotaka Umeda, Masaya Hanada, Simone Peruzzo, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, Christopher D. Hardie, Gabriele Manduchi, Gianluigi Serianni, A. Masiello, B. Chuilon, Hitesh Patel, Toigo, V, Boilson, D, Bonicelli, T, Piovan, R, Hanada, M, Chakraborty, A, Agarici, G, Antoni, V, Baruah, U, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Dal Bello, S, Decamps, H, Graceffa, J, Kashiwagi, M, Hemsworth, R, Luchetta, A, Marcuzzi, D, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Pasqualotto, R, Patel, H, Pomaro, N, Rotti, C, Serianni, G, Simon, M, Singh, M, Singh, N, Svensson, L, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Zaccaria, P, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Andreani, R, Aprile, D, Bandyopadhyay, M, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Bettini, P, Blatchford, P, Boldrin, M, Bonomo, F, Bragulat, E, Brombin, M, Cavenago, M, Chuilon, B, Coniglio, A, Croci, G, Dalla Palma, M, D'Arienzo, M, Dave, R, De Esch, H, De Lorenzi, A, De Muri, M, Delogu, R, Dhola, H, Fantz, U, Fellin, F, Fellin, L, Ferro, A, Fiorentin, A, Fonnesu, N, Franzen, P, Fröschle, M, Gaio, E, Gambetta, G, Gomez, G, Gnesotto, F, Gorini, G, Grando, L, Gupta, V, Gutierrez, D, Hanke, S, Hardie, C, Heinemann, B, Kojima, A, Kraus, W, Maeshima, T, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Moresco, M, Muraro, A, Muvvala, V, Nocentini, R, Ocello, E, Ochoa, S, Parmar, D, Patel, A, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pilard, V, Recchia, M, Riedl, R, Rizzolo, A, Roopesh, G, Rostagni, G, Sandri, S, Sartori, E, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Tardocchi, M, Thakkar, A, Umeda, N, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Yadav, A, Yamanaka, H, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, and Zaupa, M

Subjects
ITER, negative neutral beam, PRIMA test facility, RF ion source, 1 MV acceleration voltage, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Test facility, Nuclear engineering, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, 1 MV acceleration voltage, Condensed Matter Physics, Deuterium ions, RF ion source, ITER, negative neutral beam, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, Realization (systems), Beam (structure), PRIMA test facility, media_common
Abstract

The ITER project requires additional heating by two neutral beam injectors, each accelerating to 1 MV a 40 A beam of negative deuterium ions, to deliver to the plasma a power of about 17 MW for one hour. As these requirements have never been experimentally met, it was recognized as necessary to setup a test facility, PRIMA (Padova Research on ITER Megavolt Accelerator), in Italy, including a full-size negative ion source, SPIDER, and a prototype of the whole ITER injector, MITICA, aiming to develop the heating injectors to be installed in ITER. This realization is made with the main contribution of the European Union, through the Joint Undertaking for ITER (F4E), the ITER Organization and Consorzio RFX which hosts the Test Facility. The Japanese and the Indian ITER Domestic Agencies (JADA and INDA) participate in the PRIMA enterprise; European laboratories, such as IPP-Garching, KIT-Karlsruhe, CCFE-Culham, CEA-Cadarache and others are also cooperating. Presently, the assembly of SPIDER is on-going and the MITICA design is being completed. The paper gives a general overview of the test facility and of the status of development of the MITICA and SPIDER main components at this important stage of the overall development; then it focuses on the latest and most critical issues, regarding both physics and technology, describing the identified solutions.

Published
2015
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