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Morocco has made a concerted effort in previous years to produce renewable energy to meet market demand while protecting the environment and opening the route for circular economy. By-product from steel and iron industries in Morocco that employ electric arc furnace to produce steel is the focus of the present paper. It aims to study the possibility of using by-product "Electric Arc Furnace Slag" issued from Moroccan steel and iron industry as high-temperature sensible thermal energy storage material for the benefit of the same industry. In first, a fully characterization of the selected by-product has been performed. As a result, the filler material showed great thermophysical properties in terms of densities, thermal capacity, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity. The bulk and skeletal densities are of around 3477.64 and 3913.9 kg m−3, respectively. The thermal capacity ranges between 0.3 and 0.85 kJ kg−1 K−1 for as-received by-product and from 0.6 to 0.9 kJ kg−1 K−1 for the by-product after thermal cycling. Its crystallographic structure and morphology remain similar to the one of EAF-slag studied in open literature. Thereafter, the material stability and suitability for high-temperature (up to 700 °C) thermal energy storage have been highlighted. The characteristics of EAF-slag after thermal cycling and isothermal study were compared to those of raw EAF-slag. Accordingly, the filler material is stable and able to store thermal energy at high temperatures. Equally important, thermal cycling impacts positively the filler material. Thanks to the oxidation to magnetite, the energy density of EAF-slag increases. More importantly, the material becomes more stable by exhibiting less than 1% of mass loss. Yet, few cracks were observed inside the cycled material. The investigation revealed that the fast-heating rate (superior to 5 °C min−1) is the main responsible. As a result, the authors recommend a slow heating rate especially for the first heating cycles of this by-product (around 2 °C min−1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a summary of the technological advances in the British iron industry. The major changes were the transition from the use of charcoal as fuel to mineral coal (or coke), first in blast furnace producing pig iron and then in producing (malleable) bar iron. Allied to this is the application of the reverberatory (or air) furnace first to foundry work and then to fining iron, ultimately in puddling furnaces. The ability to abandon charcoal as fuel in both sectors released the great expansion in iron production of the industrial revolution. Article History Received 27 September 2023; Accepted 20 December 2023 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The different methods of producing Green Hydrogen have been discussed in detail in this article. The implications and significance of employing green hydrogen in the steel and iron industries have been brought to light. Carbon Dioxide (CO 2) is a significant environmental gas pollutant which is released in large quantities by steel mills and other industrial facilities. It is hoped that the appropriate measures would be taken to minimize the emission of hazardous gases, such as CO 2 , from each facility. The green hydrogen idea is a new technology that is being used as an alternative energy source for the sectors listed above. The most important step in reducing CO 2 emissions is to collect it and store it in a secure location. In this article, the main goal and scope is to analyse various methodologies to minimize CO 2 emissions in Iron and Steel Industries as well as compare with noble green hydrogen technology. Here, the state of art for the emission of CO 2 as well as the recommendations of Green Hydrogen Technology are emphasized which is the novelty of this article. • Green Hydrogen can reduce CO 2 emissions in steel and iron industries. • Different methods of producing Green Hydrogen are discussed. • Collecting and storing CO 2 is crucial to reduce emissions. • Green Hydrogen is an alternative source of energy for various sectors. • Recycling waste heat energy can limit energy intake and carbon emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study focuses on the Gemerian context of the iron industry and its enterprises based on rare, yet unexamined, recent sources and, specifically, on the legal predecessors of the Rimamurány-Salgótarján Ironworks, namely the Murány Union, the Rima Coalition, the Gemer Ironworks Association, and the Rimamurány Ironworks Association. The management of the Rimamurány-Salgótarján Ironworks, the flagship of the Hungarian iron industry, considered these to have been the direct predecessors of their company with a healthy dose of pride (Gaučík 2020). In particular, the study deals with prominent organizers, experts, and entrepreneurs active in these companies and briefly portrays their careers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new magnetic separable Mg-based adsorbent was produced from a waste collected from cast ductile iron industry for removing reactive dyes from the industrial textile wastewater. The magnetic coreshells were prepared based on one step gel-combustion approach. Mg2+ ions were extracted from the gray solid waste through the acid leaching. The coreshells were added to the prepared solution under sonication, and then Mg(OH) 2 particles were decorated onto magnetic nanoparticles via precipitation followed with calcination at 500 °C. The reusable adsorbent was utilized for the uptake of R Blue 222, and R Red 195 dyes from single, and binary-component effluents. The adsorption studies were conducted at a variety of dye concentrations by adding different dosage of adsorbents. The competitive adsorption studies demonstrated that the capacity for the dye uptake from the binary-component wastewaters is greater than those for single-component systems, promoting the adsorptive performance. With decoration of MgO nanoparticles over the coreshells, the growth of crystallites was limited as identified from XRD patterns. An increase in pore volume, and average pore diameter, ∼ 14 nm, are the main reasons for the promotion of active site numbers which is beneficial to prevent the efficient loss in capacity due to magnetization. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intelligent control systems developed for production facilities significantly contribute to production efficiency and quality. Using intelligent control systems has now become a necessity in iron and steel sintering plants that produce millions of tonnes annually. Automatic control of the sinter machine speed, which directly affects production efficiency and quality, is one of the first issues to be addressed. The complexity of the sintering process, being affected by many variables, and the nonlinearity of these variables make it difficult to control the machine speed. This study demonstrates that we have overcome this challenge using a fuzzy logic controller (FLC), which is optimized with an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The FLC we have designed operates with the characteristic point of the thermal state, the mixture level, the vacuum average, and the current speed parameters. We achieved an average success rate of 95%. The developed system automatically controls the speed of the sinter machine with high accuracy, independent of the operator. The system we have developed is used continuously at the Iskenderun Iron & Steel Co. sinter plant. The results obtained from the production facility show that the developed system captures the thermal change in the sinter pallet and manages the machine accordingly, increases the sintering efficiency by at least 10%, and ensures process safety. These results revealed that the developed system can be used effectively in the iron and steel industry and the use of the system will increase efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]