Ferropenia and consequent iron deficiency anemia (IDA), β-thalassemia, and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency are three main common hematological problems in Iran. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of these problems in Turkish migrating nomads in southern Iran. From June to October 2006, the blood sample of 152 Turkish migrating nomadic children including 79 (52%) males and 73 (48%) females were evaluated for iron indices and G6PD deficiency in southern Iran. The family history of thalassemia, favism, and signs and symptoms related to anemia of participants were determined. RBC count, different types of Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, SI, TIBC and SF were measured immediately after blood sampling. Twenty-seven (17.7%) children had serum ferritin (SF) level