8 results on '"Jafari F"'
Search Results
2. Prevalence and associated factors of persistent diarrhoea in Iranian children admitted to a paediatric hospital
- Author
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Mojarad Hn, Jafari F, Kermani Na, Hoseinkhan N, and Zali R
- Subjects
Diarrhea ,Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Islamic republic ,medicine.drug_class ,Antibiotics ,Population ,Iran ,Risk Factors ,Escherichia coli ,Prevalence ,Medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Dietary change ,education ,Prospective cohort study ,Child ,Acute diarrhoea ,Escherichia coli Infections ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,General Medicine ,Hospitals, Pediatric ,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli ,Child, Preschool ,Acute Disease ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
To identify the frequency and associated factors of persistent diarrhoea in a paediatric hospital in Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran, children admitted with acute diarrhoea were followed prospectively until resolution of the episode. Persistent diarrhoea developed in 19.6% of the 424 diarrhoea cases. Children with persistent diarrhoea were significantly younger than those with acute diarrhoea (15.3 versus 29.4 months). Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli was the most prevalent pathogen in both groups, but otherwise the profile of symptoms and isolated organisms was similar in the 2 groups. History of dietary change prior to admission and use of antibiotics and anticholinergic drugs in the acute phase were significantly higher in the persistent than acute diarrhoea cases.
- Published
- 2011
3. Seasonality pattern of suicide in Iran: A systematic review.
- Author
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Jafari, F., Ahmadi Livani, A., Amiresmaili, M., and Moosazadeh, M.
- Abstract
Background and Aim: Investigation of seasonal suicide might help in learning about the etiology of suicide committers' behavior. Literature search indicates that a large number of preliminary studies have been carried out on this subject, in many of which seasonal and climatological aspects of suicide have been investigated. In the present study, the seasonal and time pattern of suicide incidence in Iran was determined based a systematic review. Materials and Methods: Search was performed in the national databases, namely, SID, Iranmedex, Magiran and Medlib, as well as international databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Google scholar, using such keywords as Iran/Iranian, seasonality and suicide. The technical quality of papers was assessed using checklists. Data of each of the preliminary studies were extracted in terms of general variables and such specific variables as season, month, hour, weekdays and climatic conditions. Results: Of a total number of 49,522 documents obtained from a primary electronic search, eventually 32 papers were included in this study. The highest numbers of suicides committed were 7 and 8 in summer and spring, respectively. Similarly, among the primary studies that had reported only the monthly occurrence of suicide, the highest rate in 7 cases was spring and 7 in summer. In most of the studies (8 cases) the highest number of suicides had taken place between 1:00 and 6:00 PM. Conclusion: These findings indicate that suicide occurrence in Iran has a seasonal pattern, most cases committed being in spring and summer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
4. Socio-economic and medical determinants of low birth weight in Iran: 20 years after establishment of a primary healthcare network.
- Author
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Jafari, F., Eftekhar, H., Pourreza, A., and Mousavi, J.
- Subjects
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PRIMARY care , *LOW birth weight , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *HEALTH services accessibility , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *HEALTH education - Abstract
Objective: Establishment of a primary healthcare network in Iran has provided free and universal access to primary health care. Although the health status of Iranians has improved since this network was established, the low-birthweight rate has not decreased. The objective of the present study was to describe socio-economic and medical factors related to low birth weight in the context of free and universal access to primary health care. Design: Descriptive, hospital-based prospective study. Methods: Data about socio-economic, reproductive and prenatal condition of 4510 live singleton births from June to October 2004 were gathered using a standard questionnaire by interview and record review. The effect of these conditions on birth weight was investigated using a logistic regression model. Results: Of 4510 newborns, 305 (6.8%) were low birth weight. Among these low-birthweight newborns, there were 159 preterm and 146 term newborns. Mothers with a primary and secondary education [odds ratio (OR) 6.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.35-7.34 and OR 4.81, 95%CI 1.95-6.37, respectively], who lived with farmer and unskilled worker husbands (OR 2.52, 95%CI 1.12-4.66 and OR 2.91, 95%CI 1.35-2.52, respectively), with a birth interval of 1 year or less (OR 3.54, 95%CI 1.80-5.95) and height less than 155 cm (OR 1.82, 95%CI 1.12-3.31) were more likely to have low-birthweight infants. Conclusion: In the context of free and universal access to health care, it is recommended that policy makers should place more emphasis on education as it imparts knowledge and thus influences dietary habits and birth-spacing behaviour. This will lead to a better nutritional status, particularly in dealing with pregnancy, resulting in lower rates of low birth weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Determination of Helicobacter pylori virulence by analysis of the cag pathogenicity island isolated from Iranian patients.
- Author
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Baghaei, K., Shokrzadeh, L., Jafari, F., Dabiri, H., Yamaoka, Y., Bolfion, M., Zojaji, H., Aslani, M.M., and Zali, M.R.
- Subjects
MICROBIAL virulence genetics ,BACTERIAL genetics ,HELICOBACTER pylori ,PATHOGENIC bacteria ,HELICOBACTER pylori infections ,IRANIANS ,NUCLEOTIDE sequence ,HEALTH outcome assessment ,PATIENTS ,DISEASES - Abstract
Abstract: Background: The cag pathogenicity island (PAI), which can be divided into two parts, cagI and cagII, is the most well-known virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori. Aims: We investigated the association between genetic variations within the cag PAI (cagA and cagE in the cagI and cagT in the cagII) and clinical outcomes in Iranian patients. Subjects: A total of 231 patients including 182 patients with gastritis, 41 with peptic ulcer and 8 with gastric cancer. Methods: The presence of the cagA, cagE and cagT genes were measured by polymerase chain reaction and the results were compared with clinical outcomes and gastric histology. Results: The cagA, cagE and cagT genes were found in 154 (66.7%), 90 (39.0%) and 70 (30.3%) of clinical isolates. At least 144 (62.3%) strains possessed partially deleted cag PAI (e.g., 69 [29.9%] strains were cagA-positive, but cagE and cagT-negative). Conclusion: The single genes as well as the combination of genes in the cag PAI appeared not to be useful markers to predict H. pylori-related diseases in Iranian patients. The genomic sequences of the cag PAI in Iranian strains might be considerably different from those in other geographic locations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2009
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6. Diagnosis and prevalence of enteropathogenic bacteria in children less than 5 years of age with acute diarrhea in Tehran children's hospitals.
- Author
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Jafari, F., Garcia-Gil, L.J., Salmanzadeh-Ahrabi, S., Shokrzadeh, L., Aslani, M.M., Pourhoseingholi, M.A., Derakhshan, F., and Zali, M.R.
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DIARRHEA prevention ,INTESTINAL diseases ,ANTIDIARRHEALS ,DIARRHEA in children - Abstract
Summary: Introduction: Acute diarrhea disease is the second cause of death among all infectious diseases in children younger than 5 years of age worldwide. The aim of this study was to employ a combination of biochemical, microbiological and molecular diagnostic techniques to investigate the stools of Iranian children with acute diarrhea for bacterial enteropathogens. Method: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. and Yersinia spp., were investigated from Jun 2003 to Jun 2005, in 1087 children less than 5 years old with acute diarrhea. Stool specimens from children were studied for enteropathogens both by standard culturing and molecular methods. This study was designed on hospital based. Result: The highest incidence values were found in the summer and in children less than 1-year-old (42.7%). The Pathogenic bacteria recovered out from fecal samples of 555 (55.1%) patients had the following profile: Shigella spp. (26.7%) was the most prevalent bacterial pathogen and Shiga-like toxin producing E. coli (STEC) and Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) 105 (18.9%) and 92 (16.6%) had the second and third highest prevalence, respectively. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), Campylobacter, Salmonella and Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) were found in 70 (12.6%), 60 (10.8%), 42 (7.6%), and 38 (6.8%) positive samples, respectively. In this study neither Yersinia nor E. coli O157:H7 were found. Of the 30 co-infections detected, Shigella flexneri and Campylobacter jejuni accounted for more than 50%. Conclusion: Information about the prevalence of wide-range Shigella and STEC may facilitate the control and management of infant diarrhea diseases in Iran. The results of this study suggest that comprehensive surveys are needed in different parts of the country in order to identify the incidence of different enteropathogenic diarrhea, especially diarrheagenic E. coli in children in Iran. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. vacA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori in relation to cagA status and clinical outcomes in Iranian populations
- Author
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Jafari F, Shokrzadeh L, Hossein Dabiri, Baghaei K, Yamaoka Y, Zojaji H, Haghazali M, Molaei M, and Zali MR
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Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Antigens, Bacterial ,Peptic Ulcer ,Adolescent ,Genotype ,Helicobacter pylori ,Iran ,Middle Aged ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,digestive system diseases ,Article ,Helicobacter Infections ,Bacterial Proteins ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Gastritis ,Prevalence ,bacteria ,Humans ,Female ,Child ,Aged - Abstract
Mosaicism in vacA alleles with two distinct families of vacA signal sequences (s1 and s2) and two distinct families of middle region alleles (m1 and m2) has been reported. Research suggests that the vacA s1 genotype is closely associated with duodenal ulcer disease and with high cytotoxin production. The aims of this study were to evaluate the role of vacA genotyping with respect to gastric inflammation and injury, and clinical presentation in Iranian populations. Genomic DNA of biopsy specimens from patients with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), or gastric cancer (GC) were characterized based on ureC (glmM), cagA, and vacA genotyping by using polymerase chain reaction. Of 167 patients including 33 with PUDs, 129 with non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD), and 5 with GC, 96 (57.5%) cases were infected by Helicobacter pylori. Among these patients, H. pylori were isolated from 19 (57.7%) PUD patients, 74 (68.7%) NUD patients, and 3 (60%) GC patients. The cagA was detected in 76% of H. pylori-positive cases. The vacA s1-m2 genotype was the most prevalent in 7/19 PUD (37%) and 30/74 NUD (40.5%) patients with H. pylori infection. The prevalence of vacA s2-m1 (8%) was high in Iranian isolates. A significant association was not found between H. pylori genotypes and clinical outcomes. The vacA genotypes and cagA status were not useful markers for gastroduodenal diseases in Tehran, Iran.
8. Acute diarrhea due to enteropathogenic bacteria in patients at hospitals in Tehran
- Author
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Jafari, F., Shokrzadeh, L., Hamidian, M., Siavosh Salmanzadeh-Ahrabi, and Zali, M. R.
- Subjects
Adult ,DNA, Bacterial ,Diarrhea ,Male ,Microbiology (medical) ,Adolescent ,General Medicine ,Iran ,Middle Aged ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Hospitalization ,Feces ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Acute Disease ,Gram-Negative Bacteria ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Female ,Child ,Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - Abstract
During a study examining causes of diarrhea from May 2004 to May 2005, 808 stool specimens were collected from patients with acute diarrhea in Tehran. Fecal samples were cultured and identified according to the standard biochemical methods. Molecular identification of enteropathogens was carried out by amplification of their virulence genes by polymerase chain reaction. A total of 369 (45.6%) bacterial pathogens were recovered from 808 patients as follows: Shigella spp., 155 (45.6%); diarrheagenic Escherichia coli 143 (38.8%); Salmonella spp., 51 (13.8%); and Campylobacter spp., 20 (5.4%). Most of the diarrheagenic E. coli were Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, with 64 (44.7%) isolates, followed by 47 (32.9%) enterotoxigenic E. coli isolates; among Shigella spp. isolates, 69 (44.5%) Shigella flexneri were predominant. The molecular diagnosis of enteropathogens yielded a more accurate characterization of the prevalence of diarrhea-causing bacterial strains in Iran. The present study revealed a high prevalence of Shigella and diarrheagenic E. coli as the predominant causes of bacterial diarrhea in this region of the world. These two types of bacteria should therefore be considered when designing preventive strategies for people living in Iran.
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