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This work reports on the fabrication and characterization of a K9 glass planar waveguide structure. The helium ion implantation was employed to form the waveguide on the K9 glass. The choices of the energy of 0.4 MeV and the dose of 6. 0 × 1 0 1 6 ions/cm2 were conducted by the SRIM 2013. The m -line spectroscopy and the modal profile of the He + -irradiated K9 glass waveguide were performed by the prism-coupling system and the end-face coupling technique at 0.6328 μ m, which suggests the capability of light propagation. The He + -implanted K9 glass waveguides can serve as potential candidates for advanced integrated optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The k9 glass emerges as the promising host for the waveguide formation, owing to its unique optical properties. Ion implantation is a powerful technique for the fabrication of optical waveguides. In this work, the 400-keV proton implantation at a dose of 8. 0 × 1 0 1 6   ions/cm 2 was performed on the k9 glass to manufacture optical waveguide. Continuous annealing treatment at intervals of 5 0 ∘ C was used to enhance the guiding performances of the waveguide. The dark-mode spectrum and the refractive index profile of the waveguide were obtained by a prism coupling system and a reflectivity calculation method, respectively. The near-filed intensity distribution was measured by an end-face coupling equipment. The results suggest that the light field can be confined within the waveguide layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]