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At the beginning of the twenty-first century, journalism in China was marked by a breakthrough in investigative journalism that resulted from a particular conjuncture: the central government's wish to control local authorities through surveillance by the media, coupled with the desire of a new generation of journalists to carry out investigations in a professional manner. Between 2003 and 2016, a group of journalists in Shanghai running the daily paper Dongfang Zaobao and then the news site Pengpai bore witness to this period. A series of interviews with these journalists enabled us to understand their strategy over the long term and identify a phase of negotiations with the authorities that led to the creation of media and a period of asymmetric game-playing to produce information. It emerged that although the journalists accumulated major successes in matters of investigation, the authorities ultimately always curtailed editorial freedom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the accounts provided by the CEOs of the corporations involved in the so-called Panama Papers scandal in order to advance the criminological understandings of how corporations challenge the law and how they routinize crime. To address these questions, I rely on media reports produced by investigative journalists and published in Latin American newspapers, where nearly half of the world's stories surrounding this scandal were published. The results show that most corporations involved in tax avoidance situations deny any criminal involvement and/or injury to society. The results also suggest that CEOs challenge the law by adopting legal pragmatism, using innovative corporate tax practices, and creating (secret) business structures in selected locations (tax paradises). Corporate tax avoiders routinize their crime by responding to international legislation that promotes economic incentives to international investors. As a whole, they ignore any social responsibility in the countries from which their capital originates, as wealth accumulation, at a minimum cost, is their main interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the history of data leaks and investigative journalism, the techniques and technology that enable them and their influence in Australia and abroad. It explores the ethical and professional considerations of investigative journalists, how they approach privacy and information-sharing and how this differs from intelligence practice in government and industry. The paper assesses the strengths and limitations of Collaborative Investigative Reporting based on Information Leaks (CIRIL) as a kind of public-facing intelligence practice. Design/methodology/approach: This study draws on academic literature, source material from investigations by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists and the Organised Crime and Corruption Reporting Project, and a survey of financial crime compliance professionals conducted in 2022. Findings: The paper identifies three key causal factors that have enabled the rise of CIRIL even as traditional journalism has declined: the digital storage of information; increasing public interest in offshore finance and tax evasion; and "virtual newsrooms" enabled by internet communications. It concludes that the primary strength of CIRIL is its creation of complex global narratives to inform the public about corruption and tax evasion, while its key weakness is that the scale and breadth of the data released makes it difficult to focus on likely criminal activity. Results of a survey of industry and government professionals indicate that CIRIL is generally more effective as public information than as an investigative resource, owing to the volume, age and quality of information released. However, the trends enabling CIRIL are likely to continue, and this means that governments and financial institutions need to become more effective at using leaked information. Originality/value: Over the past decade, large-scale, data-driven investigative journalism projects such as the Pandora Papers and the Russian Laundromat have had a significant public impact by exposing money laundering, financial crime and corruption. These projects share certain hallmarks: the use of human intelligence, often sourced from anonymous leaks; inventive fusion of this intelligence with data from open sources; and collaboration among a global collective of investigative journalists to build a narrative. These projects prioritise informing the public. They are also an important information source for government and private sector organisations working to investigate and disrupt financial crime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ICIJ's release of the Panama Papers in 2016 opened up a wealth of previously private financial information on the tax avoidance, tax evasion, and wealth concealment activities of politicians, government officials, and their allies. Drawing upon prior accountability and ethics focused research, we utilize a dataset of almost 28 M tweets sent between 2016 and early 2020 to consider the microdetails and overall trajectory of this particular social accountability conversation. The study shows how the publication of previously private financial information triggered a Twitter-based social accountability conversation. It also illustrates how social accountability utterances are intra-textually constructed by the inclusion of social characters, the personal pronoun 'we,' and the use of deontic responsibility verbs. Finally, the study highlights how the tweets from this group of participants changed over the longer-term but continued to focus on social accountability topics. The provided analysis contributes to our understanding of social accountability, including how the release of previously private accounting-based financial information can trigger a grassroots social accountability conversation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Writing is an activity to which many qualitative researchers still attach a very limited and, to a considerable extent, subordinate importance to the collection and analysis of data. The paper challenges this tendency and reminds us that many of the great ethnographic masterpieces of the past (from Street Corner Society to Asylum, to name but two) displayed a very effective narrative tone that echoed many stylistic elements prevalent in literature and investigative journalism, without abandoning analytical rigour. It is the thesis of this article that if qualitative sociologists are to play a public role and thus reach a wider audience than just the academic community, they must work on their writing and rediscover the power and beauty of an effective narrative style. Giving research data a narrative form, e.g., avoiding the inclusion in a paper or book of numerous interview excerpts that are merely transcribed from recordings, or inserting clearly delineated and recognisable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Bly in Blackwell's: A Turning Point for Mental Health and Journalism" tells the story of Nellie Bly, a Pennsylvania-born investigative journalist. In 1887, Bly was set with the task of writing and reporting on an infamous insane asylum in New York—The Lodge on Blackwell's Island. To do this, Bly acted "insane" and was sent to the institution as a patient so she could report on its inhumane conditions and expose it firsthand. After over a week of work in a terrifying environment, Bly was able to leave and wrote a two-part article for The New York World that was later published as Ten Days in a Mad-House. By making this brave effort, Nellie Bly changed the course of journalism and mental health, especially for women. This historical article shares the steps of Bly's journey and shows just how much of an effect this plucky young writer had on our world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to understand the practice of collaborative investigative journalism, a common approach among journalists and press organizations in Indonesia and globally in recent years. The significance of studying this method stems from its departure from the competitive ethos, widely acknowledged as the primary ethos in the media industry. On a global scale, journalists have employed this method to expose instances of tax evasion and money laundering by affluent individuals in various countries, exemplified by the Panama Papers (2016), Pandora Papers (2017), and Paradise Papers (2021). Within the Indonesian context, journalists and press entities have actively embraced this collaborative investigative journalism approach, particularly in the examination of crime cases, such as incidents of sexual violence on campuses, as illustrated by the #namabaikkampus campaign. This article systematically scrutinizes the landscape of collaborative investigative journalism practices, elucidating the challenges encountered internationally in adopting this method. Additionally, it highlights the scarcity of academic research addressing this phenomenon, which could potentially act as a catalyst for its replication on a smaller scale. The exploration of these dimensions aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the intricacies of collaborative investigative journalism, fostering discourse and consideration for its application in various contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Comunicação e Sociedade is the property of Universidade do Minho, Centro de Estudos de Comunicacao e Sociedade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Denver Post publisher F. G. Bonfils sued the rival Rocky Mountain News for libel in 1932. This research details the efforts of News investigative reporter Wallis Reef, who was sent on a months-long fact-finding mission to bolster the News's case by documenting Bonfils's history of crime and corruption. In presenting Reef's findings, this work provides detailed information on a crucial episode in the long and consequential history of the newspaper war between the News and Post. Using investigative reports maintained by Reef that document his efforts day by day, it provides evidence that lends credibility to long-held rumors of fraud on the part of Bonfils. Along the way, this work explores how Reef navigated his tenuous position as investigative reporter/private investigator and the impact of his work on the News's defense against Bonfils's libel case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Media commentator Greenslade examines the investigative history of The People - now down on its luck but once the greatest investigative popular paper of them all. And former head of investigations at the paper, Laurie Manifold recalls some of the great investigations of the past, while former reporter Fred Harrison sadly states that the culture of the paper changed and the tradition of investigatory journalism gradually vanished. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet surveillance has become a crucial issue for journalism. The "Snowden moment" has shed light on the risks that journalists and their sources face while communicating online and has shown how journalists themselves can be targets of surveillance operations or other forms of malicious digital attacks from different actors. More recent revelations, such as those coming from the "Pegasus Project", have underlined even more dangerous threats posed to the safety of journalists, increasingly targeted with spyware technology. Due to the sensitivity of their work and sources and given their strong "watchdog" role in democracies, investigative reporters are in a particularly dangerous position when it comes to the potential chilling effects of surveillance on their work of journalists. This paper analyzes investigative journalists' views and self-reflections on the impacts of Internet surveillance on their work by means of in-depth qualitative interviews with reporters affiliated with the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) and working in Italy, Germany, Hungary, Spain, Switzerland, and the UK. The paper touches on different angles of the Internet surveillance issue by analyzing journalists' concerns about national and international surveillance players and the overall impact of surveillance on news work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "Red October" ouster plot was the name of an alleged scheme to oust former President Rodrigo Duterte that allegedly involved leftist organizations, opposition groups, and university students. However, the existence of this plot was denied by those allegedly involved, claiming the Red October ouster plot was simply a conspiracy and a massive red-tagging campaign. Red-tagging is the practice of blacklisting individuals who are involved in activism or dissent by linking them to communist-terrorist rebellion. This paper focuses on the reporting of the Red October controversy by two media outlets: the government-sponsored press outlet Philippine News Agency (PNA) and the privately owned news company Philippine Daily Inquirer through their online news website, Inquirer.net. Using McCombs and Shaw's second-level of agenda setting, which looks into the ways various attributes of an issue are presented by the media, the framing of the Red October controversy by these two media outlets was determined through qualitative thematic analysis. In the frames identified, PNA highlighted the grave danger that would befall the nation if this communist-terrorist plot was not defeated. On the other hand, Inquirer.net framed the ouster plot by questioning its legitimacy and criticizing the undue focus placed on it by the government. This paper contributes to a discussion of the misalignment in press framing given the context of the Philippines' embattled media landscape. It also takes a critical look at the Philippine government's agenda framing of its critics and continuous efforts to tamp down expressions of dissent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital technologies have transformed advertising markets causing disruption to the funding of traditional media. Yet, paradoxically, the digital age also provides new opportunities for journalism, enabling innovations in investigative reporting on a global scale. However, the transition of investigative journalism from a single newsroom to a multi-newsroom model—involving large-scale transnational collaboration, use of social media networks to extend audience reach and impact, and data journalism to analyze mass data leaks—is understudied. This paper adapts a conceptual framework usually applied to large-scale political protest movements to large-scale collaborative investigative journalism. It aims to show how Lance Bennett and Alexandra Segerberg's "logic of connective action" can be adapted to understand different forms of networked action such as global collaborative watchdog reporting. Bennett and Segerberg identify three distinct types of large-scale protest formations and this paper contends that these can be approximated to fit different types of large-scale transnational collaborative investigative journalism. Using a case study methodology and interviews with investigative journalists, the article develops a framework to differentiate between types of large-scale investigative collaborations. The framework helps to understand differences between the collaborative investigative reporting efforts of the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ), WikiLeaks, and Edward Snowden's National Security Agency (NSA) leaks. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this article seeks to advance theoretical understandings of global watchdog reporting in the digital age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Herald of Journalism / Habaršy Žurnalistika Seriâsy is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This pathway paper offers research guidance for investigating illegal supply chains as they increasingly threaten societies, economies and ecosystems. There are implications for policy makers to consider incorporating supply chain expertise. Design/methodology/approach: The authors' work is informed by the team's previous and ongoing studies, research from fields such as criminology, investigative journalism and legal documents. Findings: Illegality occurs in many supply chains and consists in multiple forms. Certain sectors, supply chain innovations, longer supply chains, and heterogeneous regulations and enforcement exacerbate illegal activities. But illegal activity may be necessary for humanitarian, religious or nationalistic reasons. These areas are under explored by supply chain researchers. Research limitations/implications: By encouraging supply chain academics to research in this area as well as form collaborative partnerships outside of the discipline, the authors hope to move the field forward in prevention as well as learning from illegal supply chains. Practical implications: Practitioners seek to prevent issues like counterfeiting with their products as well as fraud for economic and reputational reasons. Social implications: Governments strive to minimise impacts on their economies and people, and both governments and NGOs attempt to minimise the negative social and environmental impacts. Policy makers need supply chain researchers to evaluate new laws to prevent enabling illegality in supply chains. Originality/value: As an under-explored area, the authors suggest pathways such as partnering with other disciplines, exploring why these supply chains occur, considering other data sources and methodologies to interdict illegality and learning from illegal supply chains to improve legal supply chains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journalism Research is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper explores the impact of specific social and cultural contexts on understanding and initiating innovation in investigative journalism training and practice in the Arab world. Historically, Arab journalism practice and training has taken on a Western model of operation as it is regarded as an ideal model of journalism practice in the region, however, this is slowly changing to suit an Arab media ecology. Today, in a digital journalism environment, there is still no efficient culturally appropriate model for Arab journalists to work in. Through an observation analysis of training sessions and interviews with Arab investigative reporters in 2013 and 2019, this paper will address the challenges facing the development of an Arab culture of investigative journalism, whilst also discussing the innovative methods Arab journalists are experimenting with in light of these challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microfinance has been termed as the pioneer of Gender Equality and women empowerment by providing financial services and enabling entrepreneurial mindset in women. One of the key differences between the developing and the developed world has been the participation of females in the workforce as well as the household decision-making process. To achieve these twin objectives, the services of Microfinance have emerged as a significant tool. After its origin in comparatively poor countries such as Bolivia and Bangladesh, microfinance services have been used around the world; especially in the south Asian and Latin American regions. The evolution of these services has also been witnessing the economic development of the regions of its operation. The high repayment rate has resulted in the emergence of this sector as a lucrative business model. The recent pandemic, however, has jolted this sector by increasing overdue and portfolio at risk. This paper, taking into consideration the existing literature in the field of microfinance and empirical pieces of evidence obtained primarily through publically available data, field accounts and investigative reports have attempt to analyze the impact of covid-19 on repayment of microfinance service providers and also suggest methods to overcome these bottlenecks. This paper will be useful for those scholars/academicians/practitioners who want to conduct further research in the field of sustainable financial inclusion models, with a special focus on microfinance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Larq Journal for Philosophy, Linguistics & Social Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study explores the boundaries of investigative journalism by examining how investigative journalists compete to construct, reiterate and challenge acceptable epistemic practices. Departing from the notion that investigative methods are fixed tools and tactics, the paper argues that methods also serve as relational skills and epistemic resources in the struggle for identity and recognition within the field of journalism. By conducting a qualitative textual analysis of 44 method reports submitted to the annual Norwegian investigative journalism award (SKUP) in 2018, both the transformative and normative aspects of the investigative epistemology are examined. The findings suggest that the investigative method can be conceptualized as a continuum of intertwining epistemic practices whose distribution and emphasis are context dependent. Within these contexts, some identity markers emerge as more contingent than others. The study contributes to two streams of scholarship by deploying the concept of boundary work within the field of journalism, and by reassessing the epistemology of investigative journalism as an object of ongoing negotiations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of Watergate, this article synthesizes the cross-disciplinary scholarly literature on the role journalism played in Nixon's fall from power. The paper describes prominent myths about Woodward and Bernstein's Washington Post articles, Deep Throat, and the simplified narrative that presumes the press toppled Nixon. Subsequently, we explain why Watergate remains an important story for journalism, noting how it pushed investigative journalism toward a more adversarial posture that, at its best, emphasized its role as a watchdog of the moral order. The paper also discusses Watergate's significance as a comparative framework for other instances of presidential abuse of power, how its place in historical memory is likely to change in light of transformative journalistic and political events, and directions for scholarly research on this seminal saga in American press history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a methodology inspired by structural narratology and by James Hamilton's [2016. Democracy's Detectives: The Economics of Investigative Journalism. Cambridge: Harvard] economic analysis of investigative journalism, this paper identifies a set of 14 recurring structural and formal elements (plot events, character types and functions, visual iconography) that constitute a fable about investigative journalism. The fable structure is applied to analyze six diverse films about investigative journalism produced in the US in the last 40 years. The films include two instantiations of successful investigative journalism (All the President's Men, Spotlight), two cases where conflict between journalists and corporate managers diminished the impact of the investigation (Good Night and Good Luck, The Insider), and two instances of a counter-fable of failed investigative journalism (Truth, Kill the Messenger). The paper argues that the films' representation of investigative journalism influences public perceptions of investigative journalism. It also speculates about the factors that will influence investigative journalism and its representations in the current political context in the US. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data journalists have become established in online newsrooms. Previously considered tech-savvy journalistic outsiders, they have repeatedly been described as their own closed community which has only recently gained severe attention and importance due to heavy data-driven reporting (e.g., COVID-19, investigative journalism, climate crisis). This is particularly true for data journalists in Germany who have repeatedly received worldwide attention (e.g., cum ex, Panama papers). Taking on a perspective of re-negotiated journalistic boundaries, this study sets out to describe this influential journalistic sub group and presents a most-representative quantitative survey among N = 102 data journalists in Germany. Results indicate that data journalists in Germany are everything but journalistic outsiders in that they share strong journalistic backgrounds, high formal education, and long-lasting journalistic employment. Daily routines less often include large projects but regular translations of ready-made data into journalistic value. Thereby, data journalists in Germany enjoy large degrees of autonomy and perceive themselves as scrutinizers and adversaries of political leaders by means of factual information and analyses. Conclusions are drawn for journalistic curricula and the urgent need for a negotiation around quality norms and standards in a rapidly institutionalizing field that is data journalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses investigative journalism as an ecosystem. It aims to reconstruct the "food chains" of investigative journalism by identifying the origin of investigative stories. Based on a triangulated analysis of a nine-month sample of news content in French-speaking Switzerland, systematic research in news databases, and 23 in-depth interviews with Swiss investigative journalists, it proposes three main characteristics of the Swiss investigative ecosystem: (1) it is mainly reactive; (2) it functions at two speeds; and (3) it is self-feeding. It also shows that investigative journalists view the reactiveness of the ecosystem as a lesser evil that allows them to cope with the pressures constraining their daily practice. Furthermore, while investigative journalists devalue ordinary journalism in general, they see it as a rich source of story leads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

THIS PAPER AIMS TO DEMONSTRATE THAT THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19, WHICH HAS AFFECTED THE WHOLE WORLD AND AT ALL LEVELS, WAS IN FACT AN UMBRELLA UNDER WHICH CORRUPTION FOUND "FERTILE GROUND" TO FLOURISH. WE REFER HERE IN PARTICULAR TO CORRUPTION IN THE MEDICAL SYSTEM, WHICH, THROUGH THE PURCHASE OF "COVID-19 PRODUCTS" AT PRICES FAR ABOVE THE NORMAL LIMIT AT THE TIME, LED TO THE ENRICHMENT OF SOME AND THE IMPOVERISHMENT OF OTHERS. THUS, EXAMPLES OF COMPANIES, WHICH DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC DID NOT COMPLY WITH THE RULES RECOMMENDED BY GRECO PRESIDENT MARIN MRČELA, ARE BROUGHT TO ATTENTION THROUGH A PUBLICATION FINANCED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION AND SPECIAL REPORTS OF THE COURT OF AUDITORS. AFTER RESEARCHING OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS, BOTH BEST PRACTICES, CORRUPTION RISK ASSESSMENT AND INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM, AS WELL AS THOSE CONTAINED IN THE CASE STUDY, WE CAME TO THE FOLLOWING CONCLUSION, THE STATE OF EMERGENCY DECLARED IN MARCH 2020 HAS FOSTERED CORRUPTION, GRAND CORRUPTION AT THE LEVEL OF POLITICS, BUT ALSO PETTY CORRUPTION AT THE LEVEL OF HEALTH SERVICES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]