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Effects of a mindfulness-based program, Compassion and Attention in the Schools (Compas), were studied in 358 pupils in grades 5, 7, and 8 in Sweden. An experimental group undertook Compas practices in class three times a week during an eight-week period. A control group undertook content area academic lessons . Pre-/post-intervention analyses showed a significant improvement in the experimental group, but not in the control group, in pupils’ capacity for effortful control, feelings of well-being at school and perceived peer relations. The positive effect of training increased with the number of times the participants took part in the training for all but one of the measures (general stress). Compas seems to be a useful tool for enhancing pupils’ effortful control, well-being at school and peer relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mothers ( N= 35) and their adult children completed questionnaires and were interviewed in order to examine relationships between mothers’ caregiving representations and their adult children's attachment representations, and relationships between attachment/caregiving representations and beliefs about mothering. Mothers’ and their children's accounts of and present thinking about their past relationship were highly similar, indicating that the two parts develop concordant states of mind regarding their relationship. In contrast, there was no relationship between mothers’ and their adult children's beliefs about mothering, suggesting that such beliefs are not simply passed on from generation to generation within families. Attachment/caregiving classification interacted with generation in influencing a belief that biological facts determine maternal behavior, young adults with preoccupied attachment being particularly prone to reject this idea. Attachment/caregiving classification also had a significant effect on participants’ tendency to adhere to an idealized conception of mothering, this tendency being associated with a dismissive attachment/caregiving representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines how aspects of perspective taking in response to another's distress are related to prosocial behavior and dispositional affective empathy in late childhood. Assessment of perspective taking by analyzing spontaneous thoughts provoked by information about other people's painful experiences; Subjects; Reflective judgements about interpersonal interactions.