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Objectives: Nowadays, a vast number of sensors and observation platforms bring a significant challenge for city perception. In the study, we focus on developing of a smart city tempo‑spatial perception system. The concept of smart city awareness base station (SCABS) is proposed in this study, and the SCABS architecture considers the above problems. Methods: Firstly, we systematically reviewed the requirements and the complexity of smart city perception and summarized the development process and network architecture of smart city perception technology systems. On this basis, the challenges of ubiquitous access, trusted perception and intelligent management in future smart city perception are addressed. Then, this paper sorted out the demand for future city perception services and constructed the architecture of SCABS. Finally, we standardized the technical indicators and service capabilities of SCABS. Results: We constructed the prototype of SCABS. According to the qualitative analysis and experiments based on real environment, we found that SCABS with unified access, integrated management, and edge intelligence can meet the access and management ability of multi‑platform and high‑density sensing resources. Conclusions: SCABS would act an essential role in the smart city perception in the future. As a cyber‑physical infrastructure, it expects to cover various scenarios in the city with multiple heterogeneous perception access and hybrid access of multi‑protocols, and to automatically support the multi‑platform coordinated control. The SCABS meets global, accurate, heterogeneous, and multiple sensory perception. The SCABS is expected to be one of the critical infrastructures of the future smart city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Yangtze River Basin is an important part of China's ecology and social economy, and the land use/cover status is experiencing rapid changes. As the development of remote sensing technology, the Internet of things and social media, we can obtain huge, multi-dimensional relevant data of land use/cover, the process of land use/cover, driving factors and ecological response of research, the development of the Yangtze river basin planning and ecological protection provides a decision-making basis. First, this paper reviews the current research on land use/cover change in the Yangtze river basin, and then expounds the re⁃ search methods and conclusions in terms of the driving mechanism and ecological effects of land use/cover change. Finally, this paper discusses the difficulties and challenges faced by existing researches from the differences of land use/cover products, regional driving factors, complexity of ecological environmental change process and comprehensive evaluation of ecological service value and the possible directions of future researches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]