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Background The standard treatment for rectal cancer stage II-–III is neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy based on oral capecitabine (CPC) or continuous 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) infusion. While efficacy has been demonstrated to be equivalent between the two treatments, there is a discrepancy over safety. Purpose To assess the incidence of adverse events (AE) between CPC and 5-FU in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer to compare the safety profiles of both treatments. Material and methods This was an observational, retrospective study on patients treated with CPC (1650 mg/m2/day) or 5-FU (225 mg/m2/day) from 2012 to 2018. Data was obtained from medical records and the oncology software Oncofarm. AE (reported as Grade 1–2 or ≥3), dose reductions, treatment interruptions and administration-related AE were assessed. Results Seventy-six patients were included, 32 treated with CPC and 44 with 5-FU. Mean age was 63.1 (10.1)a in the CPC group and 62.3 (11.8)a in the 5-FU group. Sex: 24 (75.0%) in the CPC group and 34 (77.3%) in the 5-FU group were men. Adverse events: 36 AE G1–2 and 2 AE G≥3 were reported in the CPC group; and 61 AE G1–2 and one AE G≥3 were reported in the 5-FU group. Two patients in the CPC group reduced doses for diarrhoea and palmar–plantar erythrodysesthaesia (PPE) and three patients discontinued the treatment for diarrhoea, PPE and fatigue with anorexia; and one patient in the 5-FU group reduced doses for PPE. avalues are mean (SD). Conclusion While the CPC group had a lower incidence of AE except for PPE, they had more dose reduction and treatment interruption. A posterior analysis showed that dose reduction and treatment interruption in the CPC group happened in the last week of treatment. In disagreement with previous studies, 5-FU patients had a higher incidence of diarrhoea. References and/or acknowledgements No conflict of interest.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of dysphagia in patients with dementia ranges from 13% to 84%. The high prevalence is likely the result of the presence of age-related lesions in the diffuse area of the brain in addition to those produced by the neuropathology. Moreover, antipsychotics (APs), which are extensively used to treat dementia patients, have also been associated with impaired swallow. PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to characterise the patophysiology of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) using videofluoroscopy (VFS) in patients with dementia and those with dementia and taking APs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational cross-sectional study was performed on dementia patients (DP) discharged from the hospital with a diagnosis of dementia and a VFS study. Demographical, clinical factors and swallowing parameters measured by VFS were compared between no dementia patients (NDP). NDP were elderly patients with dysphagia but without a diagnosis of dementia or other neurological or cerebrovascular diseases. Moreover, DP taking APs (DPA) were also compared with DP not taking APs (DPWA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn for laryngeal vestibule closure (LVC) time for DPA, DPWA and NDP, which predicts unsafe swallow. RESULTS: We included 129 consecutive DP (82.2±7.8 years, 56.3% females) studied by VFS. 85.2% presented impaired efficacy and 66.4% impaired safety of swallow, penetration aspiration scale (PAS)=3.81±1.94. Time to glossopalatal junction opening (GPJO) and upper esophagal sphincter opening (UESO) was significally delayed in DP in comparison with NDP (p