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The article represents a contribution to the funerary archeology of the province of Scythia, outlining the picture related to the funerary practices addressed to children. It is emphasized that the burial rituals, most of the time, were different from those applied to adults in terms of the space within the necropolises, the position, the orientation, or the burial inventory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Arkeoloji Dergisi is the property of Ege University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Research / Sosyal Bilimler Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of ODU Journal of Social Sciences Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study examines the burial customs of the late Iron Age in southwestern Switzerland. Two necropolises in the Valais region are being investigated from a multidisciplinary perspective in order to improve the socio-cultural understanding of this period. The results indicate a regional particularism in the burial rites of the late Iron Age in southwestern Switzerland, but also show cultural influences from neighboring regions. The study provides insights into the functioning of Celtic communities in this region. [Extracted from the article]

The name of Korykos, which was one of the most important cities in the Rough Cilicia, was first mentioned during the time period of Antiochus III. Korykos is listed among the cities captured (223-187 BC) by him in the first phase of the military operations initiated by him to remove the Ptolemaiens from the whole of Anatolia (197 BC). This data indicates that the city was inhabited during the Hellenistic Period. However, the only remnant in the city center dating to this term is a wall braided with the polygonal technique. The fact that so few ruins from the Hellenistic Period have survived in the city is explained by the intense inhabiting of it during the Roman Period, Late Antiquity and the Middle ages. A rich variety of tombs including polygonal stone-walled tombs, tholos tombs, temple planned tombs, vaulted tombs, rock-cut tombs, sarcophagai and chamosorions can be observed in and around the city center of Korykos. The most numerical of these tomb types are the rock-cut tombs. There has been no mention of any rock-cut tomb, dating earlier than the 2nd century AD in the studies carried out so far on these rock-cut tombs. However, the subject of this article which consists of three rock-cut tombs and their finds discovered by big chance during the construction of a highway in 2003 prove that the tombs here date back considerably earlier. These tombs have concretely revealed tradition for the rock-cut tombs, which is very common in the city. Here it is discussed that such tombs do not belong to the 2nd century AD, as some studies have assumed until today, but that the tradition dates back to the 1st century BC. In the Hellenistic Period, in areas outside the city center of Korykos, approximately forty polygonal stone-walled tombs which were placed in a scattered manner are identified, while during the same period no necropolis area is observed at the center. This situation is explained by the existence of the cremation funerary tradition. The presence of a stamnoid pyxis, which was found in Tomb Number II is assumed to be used for cremation purposes and it is a significant finding that demonstrates the cremation funerary tradition in Korykos. Thus, it is extremely evident that the city's rock-cut tombs were used for cremation funerary in the Late Hellenistic Period. However, there is no definite finding or knowledge about the inhumation burial tradition in Korykos during the Hellenistic Period. The finds in these tombs, on the other hand, have been incredibly important data in terms of showing that inhumation burial was practiced in the Korykos rock-cut tombs in the 1st century AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reviews a group of five Early Medieval necropolises on the territories of modern-day Northeast Bulgaria and Southeast Romania, which demonstrate some intriguing features. Although the predominant burial rite is cremation, in some rare cases, when the deceased is a child, the remains are only inhumated, without incineration. A definition of sitetype is attempted based on the evidence from the "Cherna-Sihleanu" necropolises and the five sites are distinguished from other synchronous biritual cemeteries in the area. The analysis of the burial ritual in those sites, as well as other biritual cemeteries poses the questions what does biritualism mean in general, when should a certain necropolis be defined as biritual and what kinds of biritualism are to be observed in the archaeological record. Some assumptions are made about the factors and conditions leading to the situation we see in the "Cherna-Sihleanu" group and examples are given of analogous sites, where an "atypical" biritualism is documented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CEDRUS is the property of Mediterranean Civilisations Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The remains of marine molluscs found in the recent excavations (2012-2019) of the Mallorcan Iron Age (Talayotic and Balearic period) Necropolis of Son Real are described here. This cemetery represents a unique funerary space in Mallorca, since the burials were carried out in tombs that miniaturize buildings of high social significance, such as talayots or navetes. The study of these remains has focused on taphonomic aspects, apart from the taxonomic and biometric, and it is complemented by the report published in the doctoral thesis of one of us in 1998. One of the most outstanding results of the analysis of the different contexts is the scarce presence of marine molluscs in the deposits, especially when the proximity to the sea is taken into account. This contrasts with the numerous elements found in two very close and linked sites, such as the necropolis of Illot des Porros and the sanctuary of Punta des Patró. Despite this, more than their number, the most outstanding feature is related to the specific location of the remains themselves. Some of them clearly appear in interment contexts and they are possibly linked to funerary rituals, similarly to the interpretation given to the scarce remains of vertebrates found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Art Inquiry is the property of Lodz Scientific Society / Lodzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Documenta Praehistorica is the property of Documenta Praehistorica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tomb orientation is a serious matter in mortuary ritual. By contextualizing the predominant orientation of a cemetery, we may find the religious belief of afterlife. In the case of the Guo cemetery (770 B.C. to 665 B.C.), China, most burials were aligned with their heads to the north which is slightly deviated to the east. Such an orientation is definitely pointing to the North Polar Star, which is the abode of the Supreme One in later religious belief of the heaven (Note in Fig.8 the shift due to precession of the equinox of Polar Star (Polaris) from 17o NE in 800 BC to 341o NW in 600 BC). In textual materials the target of the tomb occupants heading to is the Dark Capital of the underworld, also located to the to the north end of the universe. Considering the identical locations of the North Polar Star and the Dark Capital, we may conclude that both the Heavenly Court and the Underground Capital are located in the center of the supernatural world. From the distribution of the Guo cemetery, we can sense two layers of motions, the tomb occupants are heading and ready to depart to the center of the supernatural world. The tomb is the home of the dead, and the posthumous journey to the center of the supernatural world is to report their arriving, in order to live a better life in the other world. Placing the dead with their head toward north is a common practice of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, and the change of deviation from west to east coincides with the change of the North Polar Star from Thuban to Kochab, hence, the religious belief about the afterlife observed from the Guo cemetery should be a common for Chinese Bronze Age. A brief connection to analogous Mediterranean practices is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study utilises reconstruction technologies together with material and experimental photometric data to investigate how light intersects with perceptual processes inside subterranean painted tombs in Tarquinia, Italy. A fifth century BCE tomb, the Tomba dei Demoni Azzurri located in the Necropoli dei Monterozzi in Tarquinia, Italy is used to illustrate the usefulness of the methodology. Patterns involving the organisation of tomb imagery together with an analysis of specific lighting conditions in a scaled 3D space reframes tomb paintings in a manner that further recognises the performance of burial rites and other funerary activities from the perspective of human cognition. The methodology has applicability across archaeological settings and regions, particularly with respect to settings where little or no natural lighting is present. • In depth understanding of levels of illumination inside the subterranean Etruscan painted tomb. • Use of reconstruction technologies and photometric data to investigate how light intersects with perceptual processes. • New methodology with applicability across archaeological contexts and regions where little or no natural lighting is present. • First assessment of an Etruscan setting using photometric data and exploratory technologies to clarify burial ritual. • Consideration of Etruscan burial rites and other funerary activities from the perspective of human cognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Somogyszil cemetery had become known in 1964, when a local resident reported the finds. The site was excavated by Balázs Draveczky uncovering 148 late Roman graves up to 1968. The whole cemetery was published in 1979 by Alice Sz. Burger. Our research agenda focuses on the spatial organization of the burial grounds used by the province's rural population as well as on burial customs (funerary rites, grave and burial types), chronology and the mapping of local and non-local tendencies. During the critical re-assessment of the cemetery, we have found that the establishment and use of this late Roman burial ground could be connected to a heterogeneous community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eastern Slavonia, western Bačka, and western Syrmia in the Early Iron Age were inhabited by communities associated with the material culture of the Dalj group. The continuity of life and burials on the same sites can be followed from the Late Bronze Age. Recent excavations at Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age cemeteries in Sotin have identified 119 graves. These are cremation graves; in most of them, the cremated remains of the dead and the remains of costume and personal items were placed in urns and covered with a bowl serving as lid. The Early Iron Age graves included ceramic sets of pots, cups, kantharoi, and bowls, containing food and drinks as departing gifts within the funerary rite. Interdisciplinary analyses of contexts, finds, and samples, have led to more detailed interpretations of funerary rites, identities, and the status of the dead, by analysing specific graves. The definite context linking the pottery finds and the jewellery has resulted from the detailed dating of the inventory in the Danube Basin from the Early Iron Age, considered within the network of communications and influences that can be seen from the objects and funerary rites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ancient city of Cyme, located in the Aliağa district of Izmir, was a member of the Aiolis Union and was founded by immigrants from Greece at the end of the second millennium BC. In three separate periods, excavations were carried out in the necropolis in the east of the city and a total of 343 graves were uncovered. These graves dating from the eighth century BC to the first century AD show the process of transition from the practice of cremation to inhumation and provide information about burial customs and grave types. Nine different grave types were used for burials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2016 revision excavation of tumulus IV in the Kaptol-Čemernica cemetery in the Požega Valley resulted in new insights into this very important monument. It was established that, rather than containing five graves (with the largest of them square in shape, belonging to a high-ranking warrior), the tumulus contained a monumental wooden burial chamber holding two wooden boxes, and a ritual corridor (dromos) extending to the south. The material found in the grave originates from various sources. The Greco-Illyrian helmet and greaves were produced by Greek workshops, while the horse gear is associated to the Carpathian Basin, and the axe to the southern Pannonian region, or south-eastern Alps. The multi-headed pins and pottery generally belong to the Eastern Hallstatt Circle, while belts of the Libna type can be associated with the Lower Carniola. The discovered material originates from various periods. While the axe and horse gear belong to the very beginning of the Hallstatt period, the Libna-type belt and multiheaded pins are later, and the most recent objects found in the grave – the Greco-Illyrian helmet and greaves – belong to the second half or the end of the 7th c. BC. Even though the small number of new finds has not considerably modified the grave inventory, it has allowed its new interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A pyrogenic cultural layer has been documented and classified. • The Wielbark CL differs from the defined variants of anthropogenic soil horizons. • The Wielbark CL represents a buried soil that can be named 'archaeo-necrosol'. • The Goths used soils according to their fertility already in the Roman Period. Cultural layers are soil-sedimentary formations transformed by human activity. Unlike other anthropogenic soils/horizons, the cultural layers representing ancient cemeteries at archaeological sites are rather rarely studied. This research characterises the cultural layer of the eponymous cemetery of the Wielbark culture related to the Goths, dated to the Roman period (BC/AD) and located in northern Poland. The cemetery was founded in the edge zone of a morainic plateau and the delta of the Vistula river, on a small inland dune hillock, forming the least fertile habitat in the area. The necropolis covers more than 2200 burials. It was used continuously for about 600 years and preceded by a pre-Roman settlement phase. In the stratigraphy, human activity is recorded as a cultural layer, covering relics of the primary soil, which is a Podzol developed from quartz sand. The cultural layer is buried under younger colluvial and aeolian sediments reaching a thickness of 2.2 m. Radiocarbon and dendrochronological datings confirm the layer was formed between 2555 ± 35 BP and 1590 ± 30 BP. The pedological features of the Wielbark cultural layer are unlike those of other types of anthropogenic soil/horizon. It is characterised by an extremely sandy texture, dark grey to black colour, and low organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents. The black colouration relates to accumulation of pyrogenic black carbon originating from specific burial rituals of the Wielbark people. Classification of the Wielbark cultural layer according to the WRB soil classification seems problematic: it does not fit the criteria of any anthropogenic or natural surface diagnostic horizon. Its specificity may be marked only by the use of the Pyric supplementary qualifier. In terms of traditional pedological nomenclature, the described Wielbark-type cultural layer may be considered as 'archaeo-necrosol'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to examine the fresh evidence retrieved in the early cemetery or 'archaic necropolis' (eighth to sixth century bc) on the island of Motya, one of the main Phoenician colonies in the Mediterranean. Because of its integrity and the large number of finds, the cemetery has been considered one of the most relevant sites for the study of early burial customs in the West. The absence of anthropological data, completely neglected in the past, was a major shortcoming of previous research. This failing is now being rectified by a new project of fieldwork and excavation undertaken on the island by a team from Palermo University. This report provides a close examination of the human remains from a group of 32 graves discovered during three seasons (2013-2015) in a combined archaeological and taphonomic perspective and contributes to shed light on the funerary practices of the Phoenicians in Sicily. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Already since the first half of the 20th Century the Monteoru Culture benefited of the interest of specialists. The cultural evolution was sketched, in principle, on the basis of research at the eponimous site, Sărata Monteoru. In the course of the long-lasting excavations there a stratigraphic sequence was established, but the published excavation reports were preliminary summaries, without any details concerning archaeological contexts and, moreover, their precise contents. For the Bronze Age sediments of the eponymous site 13 settlement layers were identified, which received provisional numbering during the excavation (notation was done from the lowest to the top layers as follows: Ic4-1, Ic4-2, Ic4-3, Ic3 with three layers, Ic2 with two layers, Ic1, Ib, Ia, IIa, IIb). At the same time it was observed that the Bronze Age layers directly overlay others attributed to a late phase of Cucuteni B. In a presentation, roughly 50 years ago, I. Nestor mentioned the possibility that during the formation of the Monteoru phenomenon „Cucuteni B elements (varianta Monteoru)” may have been integrated, an opinion which has been ignored with perseverance. The origin and the end of the Monteoru Culture are still controversial in spite of the fact that besides the excavations in the settlements and the funerary area - cemeteries 1-4, including the complex at the site Poiana Scoruşului -, studies have been carried out in other Monteoru ensembles/sites such as Bogdăneşti-Todoscanu, Cândeşti, Cârlomăneşti, Fitioneşti, Năeni-Zănoaga, Poiana and Pufeşti, to mention only a few. The efforts to place the Monteoru culture of the Bronze Age North of the Danube in a wider context of relative chronology used in Europe are well known. Romanian researchers have most frequently taken into account the Mycenaean civilization, their main argument being the presence of fayence beads and the boars tusks in funerary contexts, the spiral-meandroid decoration on vessels, harness components or metal objects, disc-shaped psalia (Scheibenknebel) and even groups of burials in stone rings at Cândeşti, thought to be inspired by the shaft-graves of circle A at Mycenae. A short time ago two radiocarbon dates have been published for the lower levels of Sărata Monteoru: the first sample from the Ic2 layer is Bln-4619 - 3919±48 BP, which gives a calibrated date of 2500-2220 BC (87.4%), while the second sample from the Ic3 layer is Bln-3065 - 3690±60 BP, which gives a calibrated date of 2210-1880 BC. The two datings appear o be contradictory, but they do exist and need to be taken into account. However, this is obviously not enough to place the early stages of the Monteoru culture in the absolute time-frame of the south-east European Bronze Age. We also have other elements (costume accessoires from burials), which allow permit relationships of the stages/phases of the Monteoru culture to neighbouring cultural areas, ad even to such that are further away, for which in their turn, radiocarbon dates exist. However, this is also not completely satisfactory for a good correlation with absolute chronology, not only of the Monteoru culture. In the course of recent archaeological research at the Bronze Age cemetery of Cârlomăneşti, county Buzău, 7 new 14C samples have been taken from funerary contexts. Further samples were obtained from the triple burial at Năeni-Zănoaga - Cetatea 2 and another from a settlement context at Năeni-Zănoaga - Cetatea 1, both also in the county Buzău. The indirect relations, as based on costume accessoires from longdistance exchange, confirm the absolute chronological position of the 7 discussed burials very well, as well as that of the other dates coming from Monteoru Ic3 contexts. The line-up of these dates show that the absolute time interval may be placed at 2200-1800 BC.For the end of Monteoru culture comparisons are made with several 14C dates from sites belonging to Noua culture. These 14c dates are discussed in this article, and they yield a time-span for Nou culture covering the period 1600-1100 BC. The relationship between „package Monteoru Ic3” and the radiocarbon date from Năeni-Zănoaga - Cetăţuia 1 attributed to the style Ia-IIa and the „Monteoru IIb package” is clear - they succeed each other directly. We must consequently ask: where can we squeeze in the „phases” Ic2, Ic1, Ib? The radiocarbon can hardly be counterargumented. The periodization/partitioning of phases according to decorative pottery styles appears to become more and more uncertain by every passing day. For asolution of the problem the „phases” could be reviewed, or, more likely, the pottery styles defined so far, in an overwhelming measure, only on the basis of material, drastically selected from settlement layers. We believe that a re-definition of these styles is absolutely necessary based on pottery material from well excavated and published context, especially with assured stratigraphic positions. Such an enterprise necessitates systematic excavations in settlements, and perhaps less in cemeteries. Although the end of the Monteoru culture now appears better understood in the light of the cemetery from Câmpina, the situation is much less clear for the beginning of the group. The 14C date for the Ic2 level of the eponymous site appears too old - 2500-2220 BC - against the „Ic3 package”. Apparently contradictory, we may think of the possibility that the notation Ic4-2 was mistakenly transcribed as Ic2, in which case the date, and the stage Ic4-2, otherwise clearly distinct by its pottery style - with its own original repertoire of shapes and without ornaments -, could be placed before the „Ic3 package”, at the same time indicating a beginning of the Monteoru culture before 2500 BC. However, that question must be left for another occassion ... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abydos, one of the oldest mortuary and ritual sites in Egypt, is an important case study for studying social changes in Egyptian society during the Late and Ptolemaic periods. The 2011–12 seasons of the University of Michigan's Abydos Middle Cemetery project focused on material remains of these periods, excavating an elite Ptolemaic-period tomb and a range of subsidiary architecture near the traditional processional route. Social status was communicated through association with that route. Soon after the construction of this complex, there appears to have been a shift both in preferred areas for burial and the ritual landscape, as the traditional processional route was blocked by graves. This marked a distinct shift in the ritual landscape and in how people defined themselves in relation to it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents four burial complexes studied in 2013, representative of the Baley-Orsoia (or Žuto Brdo-Gârla Mare), Bistreţ-Işalniţa and Vârtop chronological phases. In addition to these, the investigations of the Baley necropolis revealed also graves of earlier date, synchronous to the Verbicioara III phase. The brief review of the associated inventory and the burial practices suggests that at the Baley necropolis the Late Bronze Age and the beginning of the Early Iron Age are represented by reasonably certain sealed complexes. During 2013 investigations we encountered a new for the site custom -- placement of the cremated remains in a dish, with a large number of vessels, including biconical jars arranged in proximity with it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The necropolis of Dueville (Northeast Italy, 7th-9th c. AD) is one of the biggest Lombard necropolis in Italy: at present, more than 500 burials have been excavated. This report regards the anthropological analysis of 217 individuals, 74 sub-adult and 143 adults, excavated from 2000 to 2009. Sex was estimated for 134 individuals and sex ratio was 146 men to 100 women. The pits are west-east oriented, with skulls at west. Skeletons are all supine, with upper limbs lying along the sides or on the chest or on the pelvis; lower limbs are usually outstretched. Most of the people were buried directly in the ground, but for the 19.8% of skeletons there was the evidence of the use of shrouds and for the 7.8% the evidence of the use of wooden coffins. All paleodemographic parameters accord with the ones related to pre-industrialized societies: infant death-rate (qx) in children under 5 years of age was high (28.2%) and life expectancy at birth (e0) was of 24 years. The Lombard population of Dueville was tall (170.9 cm for males and 156.9 cm for females), generally robust and physically homogeneous. The physical type is referable to northern populations. Osteoarthritis was the most common observed pathology for both sexes. Cases of osteomyelitis and osteoperiostitis were observed exclusively in males and they may be associated to infected warfare injuries. Traumas can be observed in 7.8 % of Dueville population and in four cases they can be consider the cause of death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This article presents the results of a functional study of the stone tools found with the burials at the Neolithic necropolis of Can Gambús-1 (Sabadell, Spain). In this study we aim to reconstruct the activities carried out with the stone tools, made from several raw materials, among which the so-called “honey flint” is especially important at this site. Although this is an interim report, we identify a double trend in the preparation of the grave goods for the buried individuals. Whereas in some cases tools were specifically produced to be deposited as offerings without any previous use, on other occasions implements that had been used in everyday activities were recycled and given a final funerary function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article deals with the problem of usage of cemetery in rural areas according to a unified vital sphere aspect of the problem space bringing the principles of sustainable development-oriented strategic management concepts and the issues of compatibility of practical projects. Analyzing this topic, the authors describe former burial traditions in Lithuania's territory according to ethnographic data and their own data collected in 2011 in six cemeteries of Kaunas county, municipality Domeikava. The authors took more than 200 photos of Rožės, Žemaitkiemis, Smiltynai, Radikiai, EigirgalaandRomaškiai cemeteries, made interviews, performed calculations of monuments, gravesites and graves, measured areas of cemeteries also analysed municipality's documents which describe the order of burying, archival documents of 1982, ethnographic, archaeological and other scholar literature. It was found that all structures (monuments) in the cemeteries are of four different types according to their building period, architecture and material. Analyzed and compared data has shown that rural areas have no rational strategic burying system. Result of this ethnological, anthropological, and social research let us say that all of these burial spaces are exploited irrationally and cemetery development is carried out spontaneously, regardless of the nearby villages nowadays needs. According to the principles of sustainable development, the article offers conceptual project of cemetery development. According to the project, cemeteries in rural/suburban areas are the objects of unified vital sphere and sustainable development. The research of Domeikava cemeteries showed that the resources of space, matter, and technologies are not exploited enough so the authors suggest the following: • Lower size extension of cemetery and make burial pits deeper or accelerate the degradation of remains. • Bury bigger social communities than single family in one gravesite; • Install "smart" IT technologies to save and spread information about the ones who are buried in a particular grave. Cemeteries would acquire a peculiar function of family history museum. People who are visiting cemetery only in accordance to cultural norms might be intrigued to find information about their family roots. This kind of parks would attract more people not only on the honoring the dead feasts. Probably it would improve interest of history, develop patriotism and consciousness. Finally, the implementation of the project would lead to a more rational use of space and material resources. There would appear more space for the individuals' interests; they would be both directly and indirectly satisfied. Single gravesite would attract larger groups of people so it might become supervised more. Finally, the implementation of that kind of project would last very long and would require qualified specialists of history, anthropology, IT and probably more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Asseria is the property of Museum of Ancient Glass and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rescue excavations at the site of Vojvodine-Migalovci revealed a necropolis with 27 urn graves that date to the beginning of the Urnfield Culture. At this highly complex site cultural elements from four separate cultural groups were identified. The necropolis was dated to the Ha A1 period (approximately 12th century BC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the evolution of cremation rites during the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages in the northeastern Iberian Peninsula. Spectacular finds during the last decade have shed much light on this subject; for example, the discovery and excavation of the largest cremation cemetery to date (Can PiteuCan Roqueta with more than 1000 graves); or the restudy of other sites (Can Bech de Baix or Roques de Sant Formatge). Additionally, relevant material has been obtained from studies of: excavations of settlements with exceptional defensive systems (Vilars d'Arbeca); the preceding and founding layers of the Greek colony of Emporion; and the development of political territories in the River Ebro region and surroundings. A detailed analysis of information from these sites has considerably increased knowledge about the social transformations that occurred over the 600 to 700 year timescale of the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages. This article investigates the evolution of cremation rites during the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages in the northeastern Iberian Peninsula. Spectacular finds during the last decade have shed much light on this subject; for example, the discovery and excavation of the largest cremation cemetery to date (Can PiteuCan Roqueta with more than 1000 graves); or the restudy of other sites (Can Bech de Baix or Roques de Sant Formatge). Additionally, relevant material has been obtained from studies of: excavations of settlements with exceptional defensive systems (Vilars d'Arbeca); the preceding and founding layers of the Greek colony of Emporion; and the development of political territories in the River Ebro region and surroundings. A detailed analysis of information from these sites has considerably increased knowledge about the social transformations that occurred over the 600 to 700 year timescale of the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the results of an initial evaluation project of the Wessex Archaeology, for developing a site for housing at the Bourne, Bournefield in Winchester, England. The evaluation project revealed an undated grave containing with inhumation and supine burials on the southern edge of the site. The project also explores the contribution of the inhumation burial to the ancient civilization.