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The most parts of the Yellow River basin are located in the dry and semi-dry area. In order to meet the national strategy requirements of ecological protection and high quality development in the Yellow River basin, the water resources must be regarded as the maximum rigid constraint in economic and social development so that the social efficiency of limited water resources can be maximized. For relieving a tense water supply in the basin, legislation on economic and intensive use system of water resources should be made. Thus, the paper systematically summarized the relative water resources economic and intensive use systems at the levels of nation, basin and provinces （regions). These systems were further grouped by the four systems of total water use control, quota management, economic incentives and supervision and check-up. The problems raised during the implementation process of the four systems were analyzed. It put forward five legislative suggestions, including defining the rights and obligations between watershed management institutions and local government, strict water intake permit management, establishing a mandatory water quota system, improving the market incentive mechanism and improving the supervision and evaluation system for the economical and intensive use of water resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]