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The authors examined how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the behavioral health of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).A modified version of the Coronavirus Health Impact Survey-Adapted for Autism and Related Neurodevelopmental Conditions was sent to the authors' clinical networks and IDD-affiliated organizations from March to June 2021.In total, 437 people with IDD or their caregivers responded to the survey. Diagnoses included intellectual disability (51%) and autism spectrum disorder (48%). More than half (52%) of respondents reported worsened mental health. Losing access to services correlated with declining mental health. Interventions suggested to improve behavioral health included more time with friends and family (68%), more time outdoors (61%), and access to community activities (59%).COVID-19 affected the behavioral health of individuals with IDD. Survey results highlight the opportunity to leverage physical activity and pandemic-safe social supports as accessible means to mitigate gaps in services.

Purposeof Review: Etiological investigations for adults with intellectual disability (ID) pose a special challenge to many adult neurologists. The adaptability of pediatric guidelines for workup of ID to adult populations has not been clearly established. We review the current recommendations on etiological workup of ID in children and adults and provide initial guidance for adult neurologists who care for people with ID of unknown etiology.Recent Findings:Etiological workup, including genetic testing, is recommended in people with ID of unknown origin. Workup should be guided by a thoughtful history and physical exam, which can help identify certain causes of ID.Summary:Specific diagnoses may help guide management and surveillance of comorbid conditions in people with ID. Etiological investigations of adults with ID include genetic and metabolic testing, and brain imaging in the appropriate clinical setting.