Author: "Felix Schlüter" / Topic: instrumentation and methods for astrophysics (astro-ph.im) - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Felix Schlüter"' showing total 11 results

Start Over Author "Felix Schlüter" Topic instrumentation and methods for astrophysics (astro-ph.im)

11 results on '"Felix Schlüter"'

1. Reconstructing inclined extensive air showers from radio measurements

Author: Felix Schlüter and Tim Huege
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:530, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: We present a reconstruction algorithm for extensive air showers with zenith angles between 65$^\circ$ and 85$^\circ$ measured with radio antennas in the 30-80 MHz band. Our algorithm is based on a signal model derived from CoREAS simulations which explicitly takes into account the asymmetries introduced by the superposition of charge-excess and geomagnetic radiation as well as by early-late effects. We exploit correlations among fit parameters to reduce the dimensionality and thus ensure stability of the fit procedure. Our approach reaches a reconstruction efficiency near 100% with an intrinsic resolution for the reconstruction of the electromagnetic energy of well below 5\%. It can be employed in upcoming large-scale radio detection arrays using the 30-80 MHz band, in particular the AugerPrime Radio detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory, and can likely be adapted to experiments such as GRAND operating at higher frequencies., Proceedings of the ICRC2021 conference
Published: 2022

2. The FRAM robotic telescope for atmospheric monitoring at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: Jose Chinellato, Ioana Caracas, Lorenzo Cazon, C. Pérez Bertolli, Ioana Codrina Maris, Marina Scornavacche, R. Ulrich, G. C. Hill, Jorge F. Soriano, Ralph Engel, M. Risse, H. J. Mathes, J. Ridky, Xavier Bertou, G. Marsella, David Wittkowski, G. Salina, Olivier Deligny, M. Unger, Tomáš Fodran, Alina Nasr-Esfahani, Stanislav Michal, Jonathan Blazek, Ugo Giaccari, J. Kleinfeller, K. Choi, Julien Manshanden, Andres Travaini, E. Varela, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, K.-H. Becker, M. Pimenta, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, Tobias Winchen, Denis Stanca, Florian Lukas Briechle, F. Canfora, G. Farrar, Antonio Condorelli, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, G. De Mauro, Silvia Mollerach, N. Fazzini, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, Alena Bakalova, G. Matthiae, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Enrique Zas, Marvin Gottowik, Carlos Escobar, Kevin-Druis Merenda, R.J. Barreira Luz, G. P. Guedes, G. Parente, L. Zehrer, A. Puyleart, Corinne Berat, M. Giller, Jörg R. Hörandel, Paul Sommers, P. Kubánek, Flavia Gesualdi, Fernando Contreras, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Belén Andrada, P. Tobiska, Antonio Bueno, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, J. Chudoba, Valerio Pirronello, Gualberto Avila, B. García, Lukáš Vaclavek, Toshihiro Fujii, Dariusz Gora, Eric Mayotte, A. Zepeda, R. López, G. Mancarella, Pedro Assis, H. Martinez, A. Etchegoyen, Matías J. Roncoroni, Martina Bohacova, A. Aab, J. Biteau, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, A.L. Garcia Vegas, B. Keilhauer, J. de Oliveira, A.D. Supanitsky, M. Gómez Berisso, Jakub Juryšek, Alejandro Almela, R. C. Shellard, S. J. Sciutto, A. Di Matteo, Alan Coleman, S. J. Saffi, B. Wundheiler, Marcel Köpke, Martin Erdmann, J. de Jesús, Juan Miguel Carceller, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Cristina Galea, John Farmer, Serguei Vorobiov, M. Platino, Maria Rita Coluccia, Carla Taricco, M. Prouza, G. Cataldi, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, D. Nitz, Juan Pablo Gongora, F. Pedreira, M. I. Micheletti, F. Salamida, M. Wirtz, Petr Hamal, B. L. Lago, P. Ruehl, Fred Sarazin, Thomas Bretz, A. Taboada, V. Scherini, A. Yushkov, Roger W Clay, Clara Keiko Oliveira Watanabe, Matias Tueros, Raul Sarmento, D. Melo, Mario Buscemi, Thomas Hebbeker, Maria-Teresa Dova, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, Martin Vacula, Felix Schlüter, Magdalena Cerdá, E.E. Pereira Martins, Steffen Hahn, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, K. H. Kampert, T. Pierog, Fabian Gobbi, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, Hernán Asorey, Martín Miguel Freire, P.F. Gómez Vitale, Heino Falcke, Maximilian Reininghaus, L. R. Wiencke, Niklas Langner, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, Petr Janecek, Brian Fick, M. Suárez-Durán, J. Vicha, Corbin Covault, Darko Veberič, Matías Rolf Hampel, Esteban Roulet, Rúben Conceição, R. Sato, Paula Gina Isar, J. Rautenberg, D. Nosek, F. Riehn, L. Nožka, Lourenco Lopes, M. Roth, S. Karpov, J. Perez Armand, E. Santos, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, Q. Luce, Gaia Silli, Dusan Mandat, Justin M. Albury, A. Filipčič, T. Huege, F. Sanchez, Maximilian Stadelmaier, Frank G. Schröder, Lino Miramonti, Luis A. Nunez, A. Gorgi, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, D. Zavrtanik, J. F. Valdés Galicia, Marcio Aparecido Muller, M. Zavrtanik, Antoine Letessier-Selvon, A. Fuster, L. Valore, I. De Mitri, Jeffrey Brack, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, W. M. Namasaka, M. Mastrodicasa, D. de Oliveira Franco, K. C. V. Varma, E. De Vito, Olaf Scholten, Marcus Niechciol, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, C. M. Schäfer, A. C. Rovero, Giovanni Consolati, R.C. dos Anjos, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, E. M. Santos, A. Weindl, Bjarni Pont, Alexandru Balaceanu, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Roberto Mussa, Lorenzo Caccianiga, G. Golup, M. Palatka, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, C. Trimarelli, N. Kunka, H. Wilczyński, Claudio Galelli, L. Lu, Juan Manuel González, Carla Aramo, Vincenzo Rizi, P.O. Mazur, Julien Souchard, V. Novotny, C. J.W.P. Timmermans, D. Lo Presti, Rossella Caruso, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, D. Martello, S. J. De Jong, A. Tapia, Petr Schovanek, O. Martínez Bravo, Piera Luisa Ghia, T. Bister, Jon Paul Lundquist, A. Menshikov, H. Gemmeke, David Schmidt, S. Schröder, Italo Epicoco, M. Schimassek, François Montanet, Miguel Mostafa, Julian Kemp, S. Querchfeld, Sullivan Marafico, Olena Tkachenko, C. Hojvat, Jan Ebr, Valerio Verzi, Eleonora Guido, L. Nellen, Jarryd A. Day, A. Saftoiu, Marco Giammarchi, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, Octavian Sima, M. Mašek, B. Tome, C. Morello, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Jacco Vink, Alex Kääpä, Philipp Papenbreer, Samo Stanič, H.O. Klages, Petr Travnicek, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, Trent D. Grubb, Ladislav Chytka, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Cunniffe, N. González, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, Peter L. Biermann, Juan Manuel Figueira, Isabel Goos, Roberta Colalillo, A. G. Mariazzi, J. Stasielak, Kai Daumiller, H. Schieler, Paolo Privitera, A. A. Nucita, Antonella Castellina, D. Heck, M. del Río, I. Ebrová, Denise Boncioli, P. Savina, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, M. Jelínek, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Nataliia Borodai, A. Segreto, Vladimir Lenok, L. Perrone, J. Hulsman, Günter Sigl, R. Squartini, Alfred Müller, P. Stassi, Radomir Smida, A. Machado Payeras, J. Eliášek, G. Medina-Tanco, Srijan Sehgal, Miroslav Pech, M. Pothast, Fernando Gollan, F. de Palma, Pavel Horvath, V. de Souza, Sofia Andringa, M. Schimp, B. C. Manning, Ana Martina Botti, Francesco Fenu, Miroslav Hrabovský, A. Haungs, Josina Schulte, Peter Hansen, P. Mantsch, Z. Szadkowski, J. Pkala, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Peter Buchholz, Marco Aglietta, R. M. de Almeida, D. Correia dos Santos, Rodrigo Pelayo, Stijn Buitink, Katie Mulrey, Orazio Zapparrata, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, M. E. Bertaina, Alan Watson, M. Perlin, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, T. Suomijärvi, J. Pallotta, A. C. Fauth, Carla Bonifazi, Jose A. Bellido, Fabio Convenga, I.D. Vergara Quispe, Hernan Wahlberg, A. Parra, M. Trini, P.G. Brichetto Orchera, I. Allekotte, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Pierre Auger, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Mu??iz, J., Alves Batista, R., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ara??jo Ferreira, P. R., Arteaga Vel??zquez, J. C., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Barreira Luz, R. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boh????ov??, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Bonneau Arbeletche, L., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Brichetto Orchera, P. G., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cobos Cerutti, A. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Concei????o, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Correia dos Santos, D., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jes??s, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., de Mello Neto, J. R. T., De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Oliveira Franco, D., de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., del R??o, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., dos Anjos, R. C., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filip??i??, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., Garc??a, B., Garcia Vegas, A. L., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., G??mez Berisso, M., G??mez Vitale, P. F., Gongora, J. P., Gonz??lez, J. M., Gonz??lez, N., Goos, I., G??ra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., H??randel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovsk??, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., K????p??, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., K??pke, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., Leigui de Oliveira, M. A., Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lo Presti, D., Lopes, L., L??pez, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Machado Payeras, A., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mari??, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Mart??nez Bravo, O., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostaf??, M., M??ller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., No??ka, L., Nucita, A., N????ez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., P??kala, J., Pelayo, R., Pe??a-Rodriguez, J., Pereira Martins, E. E., Perez Armand, J., P??rez Bertolli, C., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., Rodrigues de Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sanabria Gomez, J. D., S??nchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Sch??fer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schl??ter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schov??nek, P., Schr??der, F. G., Schr??der, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., m??da, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stani??, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Su??rez-Dur??n, M., Sudholz, T., Suomij??rvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., up??k, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Todero Peixoto, C. J., Tom??, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Vald??s Galicia, J. F., Valore, L., Varela, E., Varma K. C., V., V??squez-Ram??rez, A., Veberi??, D., Ventura, C., Vergara Quispe, I. D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczy??ski, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Cunniffe, R., Eli????ek, J., Ebrov??, I., Jel??nek, M., Karpov, S., Kub??nek, P., Ma??ek, M., Pierre Auger Collaboration, T., Alvarez-Muniz, J., Araujo Ferreira, P. R., Arteaga Velazquez, J. C., Bohacova, M., Conceicao, R., Correia Dos Santos, D., De Almeida, R. M., De Jesus, J., De Jong, S. J., De Mello Neto, J. R. T., De Oliveira, J., De Oliveira Franco, D., De Palma, F., De Souza, V., Del Rio, M., Dos Anjos, R. C., Filipcic, A., Garcia, B., Gomez Berisso, M., Gomez Vitale, P. F., Gonzalez, J. M., Gonzalez, N., Gora, D., Horandel, J. R., Hrabovsky, M., Kaapa, A., Kopke, M., Leigui De Oliveira, M. A., Lopez, R., Maris, I. C., Martinez Bravo, O., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Nozka, L., Nunez, L. A., Pkala, J., Pena-Rodriguez, J., Perez Bertolli, C., Rodrigues De Carvalho, W., Sanchez, F., Schafer, C. M., Schluter, F., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Smida, R., Stanic, S., Suarez-Duran, M., Suomijarvi, T., Supik, J., Tome, B., Valdes Galicia, J. F., Varma, K. C. V., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Wilczynski, H., Eliasek, J., Ebrova, I., Jelinek, M., Kubanek, P., Masek, M., Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Pierre Auger Collaboration T., Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Alvarez-Muniz J., Alves Batista R., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Araujo Ferreira P.R., Arteaga Velazquez J.C., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Barreira Luz R.J., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Bister T., Biteau J., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Bonneau Arbeletche L., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Brichetto Orchera P.G., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Choi K., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cobos Cerutti A.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., Correia Dos Santos D., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., De Almeida R.M., De Jesus J., De Jong S.J., De Mauro G., De Mello Neto J.R.T., De Mitri I., De Oliveira J., De Oliveira Franco D., De Palma F., De Souza V., De Vito E., Del Rio M., Deligny O., Di Matteo A., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., Dos Anjos R.C., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Garcia Vegas A.L., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Gomez Berisso M., Gomez Vitale P.F., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez J.M., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Hamal P., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Janecek P., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Kunka N., Lago B.L., Lang R.G., Langner N., Leigui De Oliveira M.A., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Lo Presti D., Lopes L., Lopez R., Lu L., Luce Q., Lucero A., Lundquist J.P., Machado Payeras A., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Martinez Bravo O., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nasr-Esfahani A., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pkala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Pereira Martins E.E., Perez Armand J., Perez Bertolli C., Perlin M., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Rizi V., Rodrigues De Carvalho W., Rodriguez Rojo J., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Sanabria Gomez J.D., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C.M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Schulte J., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Segreto A., Sehgal S., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Tapia A., Taricco C., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Todero Peixoto C.J., Tome B., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Valdes Galicia J.F., Valore L., Varela E., Varma K.C.V., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Vergara Quispe I.D., Verzi V., Vicha J., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watanabe C., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., Zepeda A., Cunniffe R., Eliasek J., Ebrova I., Jelinek M., Karpov S., Kubanek P., Masek M., and Physics
Subjects: Astronomy, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Optics, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs, CMOS imagers, etc), Real-time monitoring, 01 natural sciences, Auger, Successful operation, Observatory, optical, APDs, hardware, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Photon detectors for UV, Mathematical Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, EBCCDs, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Si-PMTs, observatory, Robotic telescope, G-APDs, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Sciences exactes et naturelles, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, programming, detector: fluorescence, Photometry (optics), 0103 physical sciences, ddc:610, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], High Energy Physics, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, CMOS imagers, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Remote sensing, etc), fluorescence [detector], Pierre Auger Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Active monitoring, CCDs, laser, monitoring, EMCCDs, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic, atmosphere, Experimental High Energy Physics, Optic, Environmental science, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], RAIOS CÓSMICOS, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: FRAM (F/Photometric Robotic Atmospheric Monitor) is a robotic telescope operated at the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina for the purposes of atmospheric monitoring using stellar photometry. As a passive system which does not produce any light that could interfere with the observations of the fluorescence telescopes of the observatory, it complements the active monitoring systems that use lasers. We discuss the applications of stellar photometry for atmospheric monitoring at optical observatories in general and the particular modes of operation employed by the Auger FRAM. We describe in detail the technical aspects of FRAM, the hardware and software requirements for a successful operation of a robotic telescope for such a purpose and their implementation within the FRAM system., Published version, 27 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2021

3. Expected performance of air-shower measurements with the radio-interferometric technique

Author: Tim Huege, Felix Schlüter, and Physics
Subjects: Physics, Frequency band, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Resolution (electron density), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Multiplicity (mathematics), Computational physics, Interferometry, Air shower, Coherence (signal processing), Antenna (radio), Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Mathematical Physics, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: Interferometric measurements with arrays of radio antennas are a powerful and widely used technique in astronomy. Recently, this technique has been revisited for the reconstruction of extensive air showers [1]. This radio-interferometric technique exploits the coherence in the radio emission emitted by billions of secondary shower particles to reconstruct the shower parameters, in particular the shower axis and depth of the shower maximum $X_\mathrm{max}$. The accuracy previously demonstrated on simulations with an idealized detector is very promising. In this article we evaluate the potential of interferometric $X_\mathrm{max}$ measurements using (simulated) inclined air showers with sparse antenna arrays under realistic conditions. To determine prerequisites for the application of the radio-interferometric technique with various antenna arrays, the influence of inaccuracies in the time synchronisation between antennas and its inter-dependency with the antenna density is investigated in detail. We find a strong correlation between the antenna multiplicity (per event) and the maximum acceptable time jitter, i.e., inaccuracy in the time synchronisation. For data recorded with a time synchronisation accurate to within 1 ns in the commonly used frequency band of 30 to 80 MHz, an antenna multiplicity of $> 50$ is needed to achieve an $X_\mathrm{max}$ resolution of $\sigma_{X_\mathrm{max}} \lesssim 20$ g cm$^{-2}$. For data recorded with 2 ns accuracy, already $\gtrsim 200$ antennas are needed to achieve this $X_\mathrm{max}$ resolution. Furthermore, we find no advantage reconstructing $X_\mathrm{max}$ from data simulated at higher observation frequencies, i.e., up to several hundred MHz. Finally, we provide a generalisation of our results from very inclined air showers to vertical geometries.
Published: 2021

4. Design, upgrade and characterization of the silicon photomultiplier front-end for the AMIGA detector at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: Silvia Mollerach, N. Fazzini, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, D. Zavrtanik, Serguei Vorobiov, J. Kleinfeller, Marcos Cerda, Denis Stanca, D. Melo, W. M. Namasaka, L. Lopes, A. C. Rovero, Alexandru Balaceanu, Carla Aramo, Julien Souchard, D. Martello, O. Martínez Bravo, K. Mulrey, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Kevin-Druis Merenda, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, E. Santos, Thomas Bretz, Tiina Suomijarvi, V. Rizi, Corbin Covault, Vladimir Lenok, J. Stasielak, P. Tobiska, L. Perrone, L. Valore, R. Sato, Lino Miramonti, D. de Oliveira Franco, Lukáš Vaclavek, G. Mancarella, G. Marsella, A. Weindl, P. Savina, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Teresa Bister, Dalibor Nosek, M. Schimp, B. C. Manning, G. P. Guedes, Bjarni Pont, Luis A. Anchordoqui, A. Di Matteo, Marvin Gottowik, B. Keilhauer, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, Alessio Gorgi, Maximilian Reininghaus, Flavia Gesualdi, Dusan Mandat, Sullivan Marafico, M. Risse, Orazio Zapparrata, Francesco Fenu, Ralf Ulrich, B. Wundheiler, Paul Sommers, Patricia María Hansen, Philipp Papenbreer, E. M. Santos, Eric Mayotte, Toshihiro Fujii, S. J. Sciutto, Juan Miguel Carceller, David Schmidt, J. Perez Armand, M. Gómez Berisso, S. Schröder, Italo Epicoco, Kai Daumiller, F. Sánchez, Marco Giammarchi, Nataliia Borodai, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, G. Parente, Fabrizia Canfora, K. Choi, L. Zehrer, Miroslav Pech, M. Pothast, Valerio Pirronello, C. J.W.P. Timmermans, C. M. Schäfer, C. J. Todero Peixoto, J. F. Valdés Galicia, I. De Mitri, Denise Boncioli, Jakub Juryšek, J. Debatin, Antonio Condorelli, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, J. de Oliveira, Martin Vacula, Marcel Köpke, M. Platino, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, Trent D. Grubb, D. Nitz, Alejandro Almela, P. Horvath, J. Chudoba, P.O. Mazur, Darko Veberič, Julian Kemp, B. Andrada, A.L. Garcia Vegas, Sofia Andringa, M. A. Muller, A. Aab, G. Cataldi, Michael Prouza, Fred Sarazin, F. Riehn, T. Huege, Marina Scornavacche, A. Tapia, B. Tome, Josina Schulte, Alex Kääpä, Martina Bohacova, L. Nožka, G. De Mauro, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Peter Buchholz, Steffen Hahn, Claudio Galelli, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, T. Pierog, Juan Manuel Figueira, Mario Buscemi, L. R. Wiencke, Niklas Langner, Roberta Colalillo, Heino Falcke, V. Scherini, Maria Rita Coluccia, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, Octavian Sima, Marco Aglietta, Marko Zavrtanik, H. Schieler, Esteban Roulet, A. G. Mariazzi, Justin M. Albury, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Hernán Asorey, M. I. Micheletti, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Antonella Castellina, Jonathan Biteau, J. Vicha, G. Farrar, Juan Pablo Gongora, K.-H. Becker, Nicolás González, Jose Chinellato, Alan Watson, H. Wilczyński, M. Suárez-Durán, Xavier Bertou, M. Perlin, Matias Tueros, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. Pimenta, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Jiri Blazek, E. De Vito, Giovanni Consolati, A. Zepeda, Gaetano Salina, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, Luis A. Nunez, Pedro Assis, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, Brian Fick, Piera Luisa Ghia, D. Lo Presti, S. J. De Jong, C. O. Escobar, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, A.D. Supanitsky, H. Martinez, A. Etchegoyen, Marcus Niechciol, A. Taboada, J. Pȩkala, A. Fuster, Miguel Mostafa, Frank G. Schröder, Jarryd A. Day, A. Saftoiu, R.J. Barreira Luz, Tobias Winchen, Julien Manshanden, R. Conceição, A. Puyleart, Corinne Berat, M. Giller, Petr Schovanek, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, P.F. Gómez Vitale, Alina Mihaela Badescu, S. Querchfeld, Andres Travaini, E. Varela, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, Olena Tkachenko, V. Novotny, Ioana Caracas, Cristina Galea, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, A. Haungs, Rossella Caruso, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, Florian Lukas Briechle, Massimo Mastrodicasa, P. Ruehl, M. Schimassek, Caterina Trimarelli, Alena Bakalova, C. Hojvat, Jan Ebr, Ladislav Chytka, Samo Stanič, M. E. Bertaina, Markus Roth, M. HrabovskÃ, Jon Paul Lundquist, A. Menshikov, J. Hulsman, Juan Manuel González, P. Mantsch, B. L. Lago, P. Travnicek, Jacco Vink, H. Gemmeke, M. Unger, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Z. Szadkowski, Gaia Silli, Isabel Goos, R. Squartini, A. Filipčič, D. Heck, Alfred Müller, H.O. Klages, Thomas Hebbeker, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, A. Letessier-Selvon, Paula Gina Isar, M. del Río, Günter Sigl, Martín Miguel Freire, Roberto Mussa, P. Stassi, Radomir Smida, G. Medina-Tanco, A. A. Nucita, J. Rautenberg, A. Machado Payeras, B. García, R.C. Shellard, Q. Luce, F. Salamida, Maximilian Stadelmaier, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, R. M. de Almeida, A. Yushkov, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Lorenzo Cazon, G. Golup, Rodrigo Pelayo, Stijn Buitink, Martin Erdmann, François Montanet, J. de Jesús, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, M. Wirtz, Eleonora Guido, Valerio Verzi, L. Nellen, Roger W Clay, Fernando Gollan, C. Morello, V. de Souza, Peter L. Biermann, Paolo Privitera, David Wittkowski, Olivier Deligny, Tomáš Fodran, Ugo Giaccari, Ioana Codrina Maris, A. C. Fauth, Carla Bonifazi, Jose A. Bellido, Fabio Convenga, G. C. Hill, I.D. Vergara Quispe, Jorge F. Soriano, Hernan Wahlberg, Ralph Engel, A. Parra, P. Ristori, M. Trini, I. Allekotte, M. J. Roncoroni, J. Pallotta, J. Ridky, A. M. Botti, Jörg R. Hörandel, H. J. Mathes, Stanislav Michal, J. Rodriguez Rojo, G. Matthiae, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Enrique Zas, Antonio Bueno, Fernando Contreras, Gualberto Avila, Dariusz Gora, John Farmer, Alan Coleman, Maria-Teresa Dova, M. R. Hampel, S. J. Saffi, F. Pedreira, Raul Sarmento, R.C. dos Anjos, Felix Schlüter, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, M. Palatka, Fabian Gobbi, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muniz, J., Alves Batista, R., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Araujo Ferreira, P. R., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Barreira Luz, R. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Bohacova, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Bonneau Arbeletche, L., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cobos Cerutti, A. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceicao, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesus, J., de Jong, S. J., de Mauro, G., de Mello Neto, J. R. T., de Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Oliveira Franco, D., de Souza, V., de Vito, E., Debatin, J., del Rio, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., dos Anjos, R. C., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipcic, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., Garcia, B., Garcia Vegas, A. L., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Gomez Berisso, M., Gomez Vitale, P. F., Gongora, J. P., Gonzalez, J. M., Gonzalez, N., Goos, I., Gora, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Horandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovsky, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kaapa, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Kopke, M., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., Leigui de Oliveira, M. A., Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lo Presti, D., Lopes, L., Lopez, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Machado Payeras, A., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Maris, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Martinez Bravo, O., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozka, L., Nucita, A., Nunez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pekala, J., Pelayo, R., Pena-Rodriguez, J., Perez Armand, J., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., Rodrigues de Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sanabria Gomez, J. D., Sanchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schafer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schluter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smida, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanic, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suarez-Duran, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijarvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Supik, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Todero Peixoto, C. J., Tome, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Valdes Galicia, J. F., Valore, L., Varela, E., Varma, V. K. C., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Ventura, C., Vergara Quispe, I. D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczynski, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Pierre Auger, Physics, Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Alvarez-Muniz J., Alves Batista R., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Araujo Ferreira P.R., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Barreira Luz R.J., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Bister T., Biteau J., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Bonneau Arbeletche L., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Choi K., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cobos Cerutti A.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., de Almeida R.M., de Jesus J., de Jong S.J., de Mauro G., de Mello Neto J.R.T., de Mitri I., de Oliveira J., de Oliveira Franco D., de Souza V., de Vito E., Debatin J., del Rio M., Deligny O., Di Matteo A., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., dos Anjos R.C., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Garcia Vegas A.L., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Gomez Berisso M., Gomez Vitale P.F., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez J.M., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Lago B.L., Lang R.G., Langner N., Leigui de Oliveira M.A., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Lo Presti D., Lopes L., Lopez R., Luce Q., Lucero A., Lundquist J.P., Machado Payeras A., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Martinez Bravo O., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pekala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Perez Armand J., Perlin M., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Ristori P., Rizi V., Rodrigues de Carvalho W., Rodriguez Rojo J., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Sanabria Gomez J.D., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C.M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Schulte J., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Tapia A., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Todero Peixoto C.J., Tome B., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Valdes Galicia J.F., Valore L., Varela E., Varma V.K.C., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Vergara Quispe I.D., Verzi V., Vicha J., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., Zepeda A., and Research unit Astroparticle Physics
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astronomy, Performance of High Energy Physics Detector, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Etc), 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 0302 clinical medicine, Front-end electronics for detector readout, APDs, Instrumentation, physics.ins-det, Photon detectors for UV, Mathematical Physics, Instrumentation et méthodes en physique, EBCCDs, Visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs, CMOS imagers, etc), electronics, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Calibration and fitting methods, Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs, CMOS imagers, etc), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Si-PMTs, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), charged particle, CCDs, Cluster finding, CMOS imagers, EMCCDs, Pattern recognition, G-APDs, Visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, Auger, observatory, density [muon], Pattern recognition, cluster finding, calibration and fitting method, Christian ministry, upgrade, ddc:620, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, performance, atmosphere [showers], Land access, Cherenkov counter: water, air, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, UHE [cosmic radiation], FOS: Physical sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Political science, 0103 physical sciences, muon: density, photomultiplier: silicon, High Energy Physics, cosmic radiation: UHE, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], ddc:610, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Engineering & allied operations, scintillation counter, showers: atmosphere, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, water [Cherenkov counter], Autres mathématiques, Research council, efficiency, Experimental High Energy Physics, silicon [photomultiplier], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Humanities, RAIOS CÓSMICOS, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in Malargue. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Argentina -Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica; Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCyT); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza; Municipalidad de Malargue; NDM Holdings and Valle Las Lenas; in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access; Australia -the Australian Research Council; Brazil -Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ); Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Grants No. 2019/10151-2, No. 2010/07359-6 and No. 1999/05404-3; Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes (MCTIC); Czech Republic Grant No. MSMT CR LTT18004, LM2015038, LM2018102, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001402, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016010 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008422; France -Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Conseil Regional Ile-de-France; Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS); Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS); Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP) Grant No. LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63 within the Investissements d'Avenir Programme Grant No. ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02; Germany-Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg; Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP); Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF); Ministerium fur Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen; Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Wurttemberg; Italy-Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF); Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR); CETEMPS Center of Excellence; Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE); Mexico-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT) No. 167733; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM); PAPIIT DGAPA-UNAM; The Netherlands -Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); Dutch national e-infrastructure with the support of SURF Cooperative; Poland-Ministry of Science and Higher Education, grant No. DIR/WK/2018/11; National Science Centre, Grants No. 2013/08/M/ST9/00322, No. 2016/23/B/ST9/01635 and No. HARMONIA 5-2013/10/M/ST9/00062, UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00198; Portugal -Portuguese national funds and FEDER funds within Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (COMPETE); Romania-Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, the Program Nucleu within MCI(PN19150201/16N/2019 and PN19060102) and project PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0839/19PCCDI/2018 within PNCDI III; Slovenia -Slovenian Research Agency, grants P1-0031, P1-0385, I0-0033, N1-0111; Spain-Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (FPA2017-85114-P and FPA2017-85197-P), Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2017/07), Junta de Andalucia (SOMM17/6104/UGR), Feder Funds, RENATA Red Nacional Tematica de Astroparticulas (FPA2015-68783-REDT) and Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence (MDM-2016-0692); U.S.A. -Department of Energy, Contracts No. DE-AC02-07CH11359, No. DE-FR02-04ER41300, No. DE-FG02-99ER41107 and No. DE-SC0011689; National Science Foundation, Grant No. 0450696; The Grainger Foundation; Marie Curie-IRSES/EPLANET; European Particle Physics Latin American Network; and UNESCO., AMIGA (Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array) is an upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory to complement the study of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) by measuring the muon content of extensive air showers (EAS). It consists of an array of 61 water Cherenkov detectors on a denser spacing in combination with underground scintillation detectors used for muon density measurement. Each detector is composed of three scintillation modules, with 10 m(2) detection area per module, buried at 2.3 m depth, resulting in a total detection area of 30 m(2). Silicon photomultiplier sensors (SiPM) measure the amount of scintillation light generated by charged particles traversing the modules. In this paper, the design of the front-end electronics to process the signals of those SiPMs and test results from the laboratory and from the Pierre Auger Observatory are described. Compared to our previous prototype, the new electronics shows a higher performance, higher efficiency and lower power consumption, and it has a new acquisition system with increased dynamic range that allows measurements closer to the shower core. The new acquisition system is based on the measurement of the total charge signal that the muonic component of the cosmic ray shower generates in the detector., Argentina - Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Argentina - Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCyT), Argentina - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Argentina - Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza, Argentina - Municipalidad de Malargue, Argentina - NDM Holdings, Argentina - Valle Las Lenas, Australian Research Council, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ) Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAPDF) Brazil - Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio De Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) 2019/10151-2 2010/07359-6 1999/05404-3, Brazil - Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes (MCTIC), Brazil - Czech Republic Grant MSMT CR LTT18004 LM2015038 LM2018102 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001402 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016010 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008422, France - Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), France - Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, France - Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), France - Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), French National Research Agency (ANR) LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63, Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP) within the Investissements d'Avenir Programme ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), German Research Foundation (DFG), Germany - Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany - Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Germany - Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Germany - Ministerium fur Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany - Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Wurttemberg, Italy - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy - Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Italy - Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy - CETEMPS Center of Excellence, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) 167733, Mexico - Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico - PAPIIT DGAPA-UNAM, Netherlands - Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), The Netherlands - SURF Cooperative, Poland - Ministry of Science and Higher Education DIR/WK/2018/11 Poland - National Science Centre 2013/08/M/ST9/00322 2016/23/B/ST9/01635 HARMONIA 5-2013/10/M/ST9/00062 UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00198, Portugal - Portuguese national funds Portugal - FEDER funds within Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (COMPETE), Romania - Romanian Ministry of Education and Research Romania - Program Nucleu within MCI PN19150201/16N/2019 PN19060102 Romania - PNCDI III PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0839/19PCCDI/2018, Slovenian Research Agency - Slovenia P1-0031 P1-0385 I0-0033 N1-0111, Spain - Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad FPA2017-85114-P FPA2017-85197-P, Spain - Xunta de Galicia ED431C 2017/07, Junta de Andalucia SOMM17/6104/UGR, Spain - Feder Funds, Spain - RENATA Red Nacional Tematica de Astroparticulas FPA2015-68783-REDT, Spain - Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence MDM-2016-0692, United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-AC02-07CH11359, National Science Foundation (NSF) 0450696, U.S.A. - Grainger Foundation U.S.A. - Marie Curie-IRSES/EPLANET U.S.A. - European Particle Physics Latin American Network U.S.A. - UNESCO, Italy - Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE), The Netherlands - Dutch national e-infrastructure
Published: 2021

5. Deep-learning based reconstruction of the shower maximum X max using the water-Cherenkov detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: A. Segreto, Günter Sigl, Orazio Zapparrata, P. Stassi, Radomir Smida, A. Machado Payeras, G. Cataldi, V. Scherini, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, Marcio Aparecido Muller, Srijan Sehgal, Fernando Gollan, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, M. E. Bertaina, F. de Palma, Alan Watson, M. Perlin, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, L. Valore, Belén Andrada, Marina Scornavacche, V. de Souza, G. Golup, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, N. Kunka, T. Bister, F. Riehn, P. Tobiska, Jonathan Biteau, M. I. Micheletti, A. Insolia, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, Matías J. Roncoroni, Sullivan Marafico, M. Kleifges, D. Zavrtanik, Marco Giammarchi, R.J. Barreira Luz, D. Melo, G. P. Guedes, F. Salamida, N. Fazzini, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, A. Yushkov, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Ioana Codrina Maris, R. Sato, Lourenco Lopes, Toshihiro Fujii, S. Schröder, Italo Epicoco, Marvin Gottowik, Cristina Galea, M. Prouza, Brian Fick, Xavier Bertou, A. Di Matteo, Julian Kemp, Eric Mayotte, D. Nitz, Esteban Roulet, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, R. M. de Almeida, K. H. Kampert, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, J. Kleinfeller, A. Zepeda, M. Gómez Berisso, R. C. Shellard, Roberto Mussa, A. Puyleart, Jakub Juryšek, Petr Hamal, Steffen Hahn, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, Julien Manshanden, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Pedro Assis, H. Martinez, A. Etchegoyen, G. C. Hill, Corinne Berat, M. Giller, Jan Pękala, Rúben Conceição, Valerio Verzi, B. Tome, J. Chudoba, L. Lu, H. J. Mathes, Stanislav Michal, B. Wundheiler, Andres Travaini, K. Choi, Alex Kääpä, Ralph Engel, Flavia Gesualdi, J. Perez Armand, E. Varela, D. Correia dos Santos, J. Ridky, L. R. Wiencke, T. Pierog, François Montanet, Justin M. Albury, P. L. Ghia, Marcel Köpke, M. Platino, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, Rodrigo Pelayo, Jose J. Gonzalez, Stijn Buitink, Katie Mulrey, Carlos Escobar, G. De Mauro, Kevin-Druis Merenda, Vladimir Lenok, L. Perrone, H. Schieler, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Mario Buscemi, D. Nosek, E. Santos, Niklas Langner, Antonella Castellina, Eleonora Guido, Antonio Condorelli, M. Risse, Jörg R. Hörandel, J. F. Valdés Galicia, I. De Mitri, Jonathan Blazek, Jose Chinellato, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Fridtjof Feldbusch, A.L. Garcia Vegas, Enrique Zas, I. Lhenry-Yvon, C. Trimarelli, Gaia Silli, A. Filipčič, A.D. Supanitsky, Philipp Papenbreer, Claudio Galelli, A. Weindl, M. Suárez-Durán, J. Stasielak, T. Huege, Hernán Gonzalo Asorey, L. Nellen, L. Anchordoqui, Alena Bakalova, C. Morello, Miroslav Hrabovský, Petr Travnicek, Trent D. Grubb, G. Parente, Fabrizia Canfora, Fernando Contreras, A. Haungs, Juan Manuel Figueira, Roberta Colalillo, Paul Sommers, Clara Keiko Oliveira Watanabe, B. García, M. Schimp, A. G. Mariazzi, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, H. Wilczyński, Ioana Caracas, A. Letessier-Selvon, Lorenzo Cazon, C. Pérez Bertolli, F. Sanchez, F. Sarazin, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, David Schmidt, G. Farrar, L. Zehrer, J. de Oliveira, Alejandro Almela, P. Mantsch, Z. Szadkowski, M. Schimassek, C. Hojvat, Jan Ebr, Jacco Vink, Peter L. Biermann, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, Maximilian Reininghaus, Paolo Privitera, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Martin Erdmann, J. de Jesús, A. Taboada, G. Marsella, E. M. Santos, A. Gorgi, H.O. Klages, B. C. Manning, Dariusz Gora, Bjarni Pont, Thomas Bretz, Petr Janecek, Corbin Covault, Matías Rolf Hampel, Frank G. Schröder, R. Squartini, Alfred Müller, P.F. Gómez Vitale, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, M. Wirtz, David Wittkowski, G. Salina, Roger W Clay, Olivier Deligny, W. M. Namasaka, M. Mastrodicasa, A. C. Rovero, Alexandru Balaceanu, A. A. Nucita, Alan Coleman, Lino Miramonti, S. J. Saffi, Lukáš Vaclavek, J. F. Soriano, D. de Oliveira Franco, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, Octavian Sima, Ana Martina Botti, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, P.O. Mazur, K.-H. Becker, Maria Rita Coluccia, Dusan Mandat, Francesco Fenu, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, M. Pimenta, Tomáš Fodran, Alina Nasr-Esfahani, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, Tobias Winchen, G. Mancarella, B. Keilhauer, Florian Lukas Briechle, Darko Veberič, Ugo Giaccari, S. J. Sciutto, F. Pedreira, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, Raul Sarmento, G. Medina-Tanco, Felix Schlüter, P. Ruehl, Carla Aramo, Vincenzo Rizi, C. J.W.P. Timmermans, Julien Souchard, Jon Paul Lundquist, A. Menshikov, D. Martello, Juan Miguel Carceller, C. M. Schäfer, Markus Roth, Silvia Mollerach, O. Martínez Bravo, Isabel Goos, D. Heck, A. Tapia, Josina Schulte, Peter Hansen, M. del Río, H. Gemmeke, Fabian Gobbi, B. L. Lago, P. Savina, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Denise Boncioli, M. Unger, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Peter Buchholz, Marco Aglietta, Miguel Mostafa, E.E. Pereira Martins, Serguei Vorobiov, Martina Bohacova, Miroslav Pech, M. Pothast, J. Hulsman, J. Rautenberg, Pavel Horvath, Q. Luce, Marcus Niechciol, Juan Pablo Gongora, Paula Gina Isar, Sofia Andringa, Maximilian Stadelmaier, Nataliia Borodai, Marcos Cerda, D. Lo Presti, S. J. De Jong, Samo Stanič, Jarryd A. Day, A. Saftoiu, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, Martin Vacula, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, V. Novotny, V. K.C. Varma, Rossella Caruso, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, N. González, Kai Daumiller, Heino Falcke, S. Querchfeld, Olena Tkachenko, Thomas Hebbeker, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, Martín Miguel Freire, V. Pirronello, J. Vicha, Ladislav Chytka, A. Aab, Carla Taricco, Matias Tueros, Luis A. Nunez, T. Suomijärvi, J. Pallotta, Hernan Wahlberg, A. Parra, A. Fuster, M. Trini, P.G. Brichetto Orchera, I. Allekotte, A. C. Fauth, Carla Bonifazi, Jose A. Bellido, Fabio Convenga, I.D. Vergara Quispe, M. Zavrtanik, E. De Vito, Giovanni Consolati, Petr Schovanek, Denis Stanca, Ralf Ulrich, L. Nožka, G. Matthiae, Antonio Bueno, Gualberto Avila, John Farmer, Maria-Teresa Dova, R.C. dos Anjos, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, M. Palatka, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Mu??iz, J., Alves Batista, R., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ara??jo Ferreira, P. R., Arteaga Vel??zquez, J. C., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Barreira Luz, R. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boh????ov??, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Bonneau Arbeletche, L., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Brichetto Orchera, P. G., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cobos Cerutti, A. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Concei????o, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Correia dos Santos, D., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jes??s, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., de Mello Neto, J. R. T., De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Oliveira Franco, D., de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., del R??o, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., dos Anjos, R. C., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filip??i??, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., Garc??a, B., Garcia Vegas, A. L., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., G??mez Berisso, M., G??mez Vitale, P. F., Gongora, J. P., Gonz??lez, J. M., Gonz??lez, N., Goos, I., G??ra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., H??randel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovsk??, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., K????p??, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., K??pke, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., Leigui de Oliveira, M. A., Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lo Presti, D., Lopes, L., L??pez, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Machado Payeras, A., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mari??, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Mart??nez Bravo, O., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostaf??, M., M??ller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., No??ka, L., Nucita, A., N????ez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., P??kala, J., Pelayo, R., Pe??a-Rodriguez, J., Pereira Martins, E. E., Perez Armand, J., P??rez Bertolli, C., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., Rodrigues de Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sanabria Gomez, J. D., S??nchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Sch??fer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schl??ter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schov??nek, P., Schr??der, F. G., Schr??der, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., m??da, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stani??, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Su??rez-Dur??n, M., Sudholz, T., Suomij??rvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., up??k, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Todero Peixoto, C. J., Tom??, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Vald??s., Valore, L., Varela, E., Varma K. C., V., V??squez-Ram??rez, A., Veberi??, D., Ventura, C., Vergara Quispe, I. D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczy??ski, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Group, Physics, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Pierre Auger, Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Alvarez-Muniz J., Batista R.A., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Ferreira P.R.A., Velazquez J.C.A., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Luz R.J.B., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Bister T., Biteau J., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Arbeletche L.B., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Orchera P.G.B., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Choi K., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cerutti A.C.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., dos Santos D.C., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., de Almeida R.M., de Jesus J., de Jong S.J., de Mauro G., de Mello Neto J.R.T., de Mitri I., de Oliveira J., de Oliveira Franco D., de Palma F., de Souza V., de Vito E., del Rio M., Deligny O., Di Matteo A., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., dos Anjos R.C., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Vegas A.L.G., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Berisso M.G., Vitale P.F.G., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez J.M., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Hamal P., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Janecek P., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Kunka N., Lago B.L., Lang R.G., Langner N., de Oliveira M.A.L., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Presti D.L., Lopes L., Lopez R., Lu L., Luce Q., Lucero A., Lundquist J.P., Payeras A.M., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Bravo O.M., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nasr-Esfahani A., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pekala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Martins E.E.P., Armand J.P., Bertolli C.P., Perlin M., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Rizi V., Rodrigues de Carvalho W., Rojo J.R., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Gomez J.D.S., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C.M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Schulte J., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Segreto A., Sehgal S., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Tapia A., Taricco C., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Peixoto C.J.T., Tome B., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Galicia J.F.V., Valore L., Varela E., Varma V.K.C., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Quispe I.D.V., Verzi V., Vicha J., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watanabe C., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., Zepeda A., Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Alvarez-Muniz, J., Batista, R. A., Ferreira, P. R. A., Velazquez, J. C. A., Luz, R. J. B., Bohacova, M., Arbeletche, L. B., Orchera, P. G. B., Cerutti, A. C. C., Conceicao, R., dos Santos, D. C., de Jesus, J., de Mauro, G., de Mitri, I., de Vito, E., del Rio, M., Filipcic, A., Garcia, B., Vegas, A. L. G., Berisso, M. G., Vitale, P. F. G., Gonzalez, J. M., Gonzalez, N., Gora, D., Horandel, J. R., Hrabovsky, M., Kaapa, A., Kopke, M., de Oliveira, M. A. L., Presti, D. L., Lopez, R., Payeras, A. M., Maris, I. C., Bravo, O. M., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Nozka, L., Nunez, L. A., Pekala, J., Pena-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. P., Armand, J. P., Bertolli, C. P., Rojo, J. R., Gomez, J. D. S., Sanchez, F., Schafer, C. M., Schluter, F., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Smida, R., Stanic, S., Suarez-Duran, M., Suomijarvi, T., Supik, J., Peixoto, C. J. T., Tome, B., Galicia, J. F. V., Varma, V. K. C., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Quispe, I. D. V., and Wilczynski, H.
Subjects: showers: energy, longitudinal [showers], interaction: model, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astronomy, Calibration and fitting methods, Cluster finding, Data analysis, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Particle identification methods, Pattern recognition, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Auger, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), cluster finding, surface [detector], Observatory, Large detector systems, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Physics, Pattern recognition, cluster finding, calibration and fitting methods, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, model [interaction], Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Data analysi, calibration and fitting methods, energy [showers], observatory, Pattern recognition, cluster finding, calibration and fitting method, astroparticle physics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, atmosphere [showers], air, neural network, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, UHE [cosmic radiation], FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, detector: fluorescence, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, High Energy Physics, ddc:610, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], cosmic radiation: UHE, structure, particle physics, network: performance, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Ciencias Exactas, Cherenkov radiation, fluorescence [detector], Pierre Auger Observatory, mass spectrum [nucleus], showers: atmosphere, detector: surface, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Física, resolution, calibration, Computational physics, performance [network], Cherenkov counter, Air shower, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic, Experimental High Energy Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, nucleus: mass spectrum, showers: longitudinal, RAIOS CÓSMICOS, Energy (signal processing), astro-ph.IM
Abstract: The atmospheric depth of the air shower maximum $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ is an observable commonly used for the determination of the nuclear mass composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Direct measurements of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ are performed using observations of the longitudinal shower development with fluorescence telescopes. At the same time, several methods have been proposed for an indirect estimation of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ from the characteristics of the shower particles registered with surface detector arrays. In this paper, we present a deep neural network (DNN) for the estimation of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$. The reconstruction relies on the signals induced by shower particles in the ground based water-Cherenkov detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The network architecture features recurrent long short-term memory layers to process the temporal structure of signals and hexagonal convolutions to exploit the symmetry of the surface detector array. We evaluate the performance of the network using air showers simulated with three different hadronic interaction models. Thereafter, we account for long-term detector effects and calibrate the reconstructed $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ using fluorescence measurements. Finally, we show that the event-by-event resolution in the reconstruction of the shower maximum improves with increasing shower energy and reaches less than $25~\mathrm{g/cm^{2}}$ at energies above $2\times 10^{19}~\mathrm{eV}$., Published version, 29 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2021

6. Refractive displacement of the radio-emission footprint of inclined air showers simulated with CoREAS

Author: Marvin Gottowik, Julian Rautenberg, Tim Huege, Felix Schlüter, and Physics
Subjects: Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, lcsh:Astrophysics, Refractive index profile, Radiation, Displacement (vector), Superposition principle, lcsh:QB460-466, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, ddc:530, Engineering (miscellaneous), Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Zenith, Ground plane, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Refraction, Computational physics, Earth's magnetic field, lcsh:QC770-798, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: The footprint of radio emission from extensive air showers is known to exhibit asymmetries due to the superposition of geomagnetic and charge-excess radiation. For inclined air showers a geometric early-late effect disturbs the signal distribution further. Correcting CoREAS simulations for these asymmetries reveals an additional disturbance in the signal distribution of highly inclined showers in atmospheres with a realistic refractive index profile. This additional apparent asymmetry in fact arises from a systematic displacement of the radio-emission footprint with respect to the Monte-Carlo shower impact point on the ground. We find a displacement of $$\sim 1500$$∼1500 m in the ground plane for showers with a zenith angle of $$85^{\circ }$$85∘, illustrating that the effect is relevant in practical applications. A model describing this displacement by refraction in the atmosphere based on Snell’s law yields good agreement with our observations from CoREAS simulations. We thus conclude that the displacement is caused by refraction in the atmosphere.
Published: 2020

7. Studies on the response of a water-Cherenkov detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory to atmospheric muons using an RPC hodoscope

Author: A. Zepeda, Pedro Assis, H. Martinez, A. Etchegoyen, Dariusz Gora, Bjarni Pont, Alan Coleman, B. Tome, Peter Hansen, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Peter Buchholz, S. J. Saffi, D. Lo Presti, S. J. De Jong, B. García, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, G. Cataldi, V. Scherini, Martin Erdmann, G. Matthiae, J. de Jesús, Frank G. Schröder, Antonio Bueno, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, M. Wirtz, Thomas Hebbeker, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, Roger W Clay, Marco Aglietta, Marko Zavrtanik, E. Santos, Jarryd A. Day, G. De Mauro, F. Riehn, Marina Scornavacche, Alexandra Saftoiu, Tiina Suomijarvi, F. Pedreira, Raul Sarmento, Felix Schlüter, Martin Vacula, J. Rautenberg, Q. Luce, Gualberto Avila, Martín Miguel Freire, Fabian Gobbi, Jiri Blazek, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Denis Stanca, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Miroslav Pech, M. Pothast, Markus Roth, D. Nitz, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, Paul Sommers, A. Blanco, Marcus Niechciol, B. Vargas Cárdenas, J. Pallotta, L. R. Wiencke, G. Marsella, F. Sánchez, Heino Falcke, Maximilian Stadelmaier, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, B. Andrada, P. Horvath, Isabel Goos, D. Heck, John Farmer, Jonathan Biteau, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, A.D. Supanitsky, J. Pȩkala, Antonio Condorelli, Christine Peters, Maria-Teresa Dova, M. R. Hampel, Valerio Verzi, J. Vicha, A. M. Botti, Niraj Dhital, P. Tobiska, Sofia Andringa, Julian Kemp, Luis Villaseñor, R. Conceição, A. Weindl, S. Querchfeld, Miroslav Hrabovský, T. Huege, M. del Río, Nicolás González, Jeffrey Brack, A.L. Garcia Vegas, M. Schimp, Marvin Gottowik, Maria Rita Coluccia, Maximilian Reininghaus, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, Olaf Scholten, Gaia Silli, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, D. Mockler, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, A. Di Matteo, Eric Mayotte, A. Haungs, A. Filipčič, G. Torralba Elipe, I. Valiño, Olena Tkachenko, M. I. Micheletti, B. C. Manning, P. Ruehl, Ralf Ulrich, M. Gómez Berisso, L. Valore, B. Wundheiler, L. Lopes, Roberto Mussa, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, F. Sarazin, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, David Schmidt, S. Schröder, Italo Epicoco, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, Charles Timmermans, Hernán Asorey, R.C. dos Anjos, R.C. Shellard, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, J. F. Valdés Galicia, M. Palatka, Mario Buscemi, Jörg R. Hörandel, P. Mantsch, J. Hulsman, Julien Manshanden, Dusan Mandat, Lukáš Vaclavek, H. J. Mathes, I. De Mitri, Stanislav Michal, G. Mancarella, François Montanet, G. Golup, B. Keilhauer, Sullivan Marafico, Vladimir Lenok, L. Perrone, Francesco Fenu, Ladislav Chytka, Gaetano Salina, Hernan Wahlberg, Miguel Mostafa, Violet M. Harvey, Andres Travaini, E. Varela, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, D. Harari, L. Nožka, J. Chudoba, S. J. Sciutto, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Marcel Köpke, M. Platino, C. M. Schäfer, Maria Giller, R. Squartini, Alfred Müller, Marco Giammarchi, Juan Miguel Carceller, P. Savina, Eleonora Guido, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Flavia Gesualdi, Alex Kääpä, Enrique Zas, A. Parra, Alena Bakalova, J. Stasielak, Massimo Mastrodicasa, R. M. de Almeida, Teresa Bister, E. De Vito, R.J. Barreira Luz, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Dalibor Nosek, Fernando Contreras, Brian Fick, Samo Stanič, Giovanni Consolati, Cristina Galea, P. Ristori, M. Trini, K. Choi, Martina Bohacova, G. Medina-Tanco, A. Tapia, Octavian Sima, A. Cancio, H. Gemmeke, R. Halliday, Nataliia Borodai, M. Unger, M. L. Díaz Castro, G. Farrar, M.P. Panetta, Petr Schovanek, Juan Pablo Gongora, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, Francesca Zuccarello, Luis A. Anchordoqui, I. Allekotte, M. J. Roncoroni, Valerio Pirronello, H. Schieler, Q. Dorosti, Philipp Papenbreer, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Karl-Heinz Kampert, L. Calcagni, Kai Daumiller, Antonella Castellina, A. C. Fauth, F. Salamida, A. Yushkov, A. Fuster, A. Puyleart, L. Nellen, Zbigniew Szadkowski, Michael Prouza, Corinne Berat, Carla Bonifazi, Rodrigo Pelayo, Denise Boncioli, D. Melo, Stijn Buitink, M. Risse, V. Novotny, Trent D. Grubb, A. Taboada, Jose A. Bellido, C. Morello, Rossella Caruso, Fabio Convenga, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, Caterina Trimarelli, M. A. Muller, Juan Manuel Figueira, H. Wilczyński, Roberta Colalillo, P.F. Gómez Vitale, I.D. Vergara Quispe, A. G. Mariazzi, A. Aab, R. Sato, Peter L. Biermann, G. P. Guedes, Toshihiro Fujii, Paolo Privitera, Jakub Juryšek, G. Kukec Mezek, Alessio Gorgi, M. E. Bertaina, A. Menshikov, P. Travnicek, J. Debatin, Orazio Zapparrata, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, Steffen Hahn, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, T. Pierog, Esteban Roulet, Justin M. Albury, Alan Watson, M. Perlin, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, J. Alvarez Castillo, Matias Tueros, Luis A. Nunez, Piera Luisa Ghia, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, B. L. Lago, Günter Sigl, P. Stassi, Radomir Smida, A. Machado Payeras, Paula Gina Isar, Fernando Gollan, E. M. Santos, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, P.O. Mazur, V. de Souza, K.-H. Becker, M. Pimenta, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, Tobias Winchen, Florian Lukas Briechle, Max Malacari, J. Perez Armand, Claudio Galelli, Jose Chinellato, Ioana Caracas, A. Letessier-Selvon, Lorenzo Cazon, A. van Vliet, David Wittkowski, Danielle LaHurd, Olivier Deligny, Tomáš Fodran, R. Lorek, M. Urban, W. M. Namasaka, A. C. Rovero, Ugo Giaccari, Alexandru Balaceanu, M. Suárez-Durán, Carla Aramo, Julien Souchard, D. Martello, M. Ziolkowski, O. Martínez Bravo, K. Mulrey, Silvia Mollerach, N. Fazzini, Ioana Codrina Maris, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, D. Zavrtanik, Serguei Vorobiov, G. C. Hill, Jorge F. Soriano, Ralph Engel, Marcos Cerda, J. Ridky, Darko Veberič, J. Kleinfeller, Carlos Escobar, Kevin-Druis Merenda, M. Schimassek, C. Hojvat, Jan Ebr, Jacco Vink, H.O. Klages, A. A. Nucita, G. Parente, Fabrizia Canfora, L. Zehrer, J. de Oliveira, Alejandro Almela, Thomas Bretz, V. Rizi, Corbin Covault, Lino Miramonti, D. de Oliveira Franco, Xavier Bertou, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alve, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobo, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Mauro, G. De, Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, Mitri, I. De, de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., Vito, E. De, Debatin, J., Río, M. del, Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Matteo, A. Di, Castro, M. L. Díaz, Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. do, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Mezek, G. Kukec, Lago, B. L., Lahurd, D., Lang, R. G., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Payeras, A. Machado, Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pȩkala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. Perez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigue, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdé, Valiño, I., Valore, L., Vliet, A. van, Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Varga, Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Ziolkowski, M., Zuccarello, F., Castillo, J. A., Alvarez-Muniz, J., Batista, R. A., Ferreira, P. R. A., Luz, R. J. B., Bohacova, M., Arbeletche, L. B., Cerutti, A. C. C., Conceicao, R., De Almeida, R. M., De Jesus, J., De Jong, S. J., Mauro, G. D., Neto, J. R. T. D. M., De Mitri, I., De Oliveira, J., De Oliveira Franco, D., De Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Rio, M., Di Matteo, A., Castro, M. L. D., Dos Anjos, R. C., Filipcic, A., Garcia, B., Vegas, A. L. G., Berisso, M. G., Vitale, P. F. G., Gonzalez, N., Gora, D., Horandel, J. R., Hrabovsky, M., Kaapa, A., Kopke, M., Mezek, G. K., De Oliveira, M. A. L., Presti, D. L., Lopez, R., Payeras, A. M., Maris, I. C., Bravo, O. M., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Nozka, L., Nucita, A., Nunez, L. A., Pkala, J., Pena-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. P., De Carvalho, W. R., Rojo, J. R., Gomez, J. D. S., Sanchez, F., Schafer, C. M., Schluter, F., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Smida, R., Stanic, S., Suarez-Duran, M., Suomijarvi, T., Supik, J., Peixoto, C. J. T., Tome, B., Elipe, G. T., Galicia, J. F. V., Valino, I., Vliet, A. V., Cardenas, B. V., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Quispe, I. D. V., Villasenor, L., Wilczynski, H., High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Pierre Auger, Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Castillo J.A., Alvarez-Muniz J., Batista R.A., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Ferreira P.R.A., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Luz R.J.B., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Bister T., Biteau J., Blanco A., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Arbeletche L.B., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Calcagni L., Cancio A., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Choi K., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cerutti A.C.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., De Almeida R.M., De Jesus J., De Jong S.J., Mauro G.D., Neto J.R.T.D.M., De Mitri I., De Oliveira J., De Oliveira Franco D., De Souza V., De Vito E., Debatin J., Del Rio M., Deligny O., Dhital N., Di Matteo A., Castro M.L.D., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., Dorosti Q., Dos Anjos R.C., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Vegas A.L.G., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Berisso M.G., Vitale P.F.G., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Halliday R., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Mezek G.K., Lago B.L., Lahurd D., Lang R.G., De Oliveira M.A.L., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Presti D.L., Lopes L., Lopez R., Lorek R., Luce Q., Lucero A., Payeras A.M., Malacari M., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Bravo O.M., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mockler D., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Panetta M.P., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pkala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Armand J.P., Perlin M., Perrone L., Peters C., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Ristori P., Rizi V., De Carvalho W.R., Rojo J.R., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Gomez J.D.S., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C.M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Tapia A., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Peixoto C.J.T., Tome B., Elipe G.T., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Urban M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Galicia J.F.V., Valino I., Valore L., Vliet A.V., Varela E., Cardenas B.V., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Quispe I.D.V., Verzi V., Vicha J., Villasenor L., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., Zepeda A., Ziolkowski M., and Zuccarello F.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Observatory, atmosphere [muon], Instrumentation, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Physics, Large detector-systems performance, Physics, Instrumentation et méthodes en physique, Performance of high energy physics detectors, Data reduction methods, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Detector, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, resistive plate chamber, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), trajectory [muon], Auger, observatory, muon: atmosphere, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, atmosphere [showers], Cherenkov detector, air, Cherenkov counter: water, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, UHE [cosmic radiation], FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, muon: trajectory, Nuclear physics, 03 medical and health sciences, Hodoscope, Data reduction method, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, High Energy Physics, ddc:610, cosmic radiation: UHE, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Zenith, Ciencias Exactas, Pierre Auger Observatory, showers: atmosphere, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, water [Cherenkov counter], hodoscope, Física, Autres mathématiques, stability, calibration, Data reduction methods, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Large detector-systems performance, Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors, Experimental High Energy Physics, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic, High Energy Physics::Experiment, RAIOS CÓSMICOS, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: Extensive air showers, originating from ultra-high energy cosmic rays, have been successfully measured through the use of arrays of water-Cherenkov detectors (WCDs). Sophisticated analyses exploiting WCD data have made it possible to demonstrate that shower simulations, based on different hadronic-interaction models, cannot reproduce the observed number of muons at the ground. The accurate knowledge of the WCD response to muons is paramount in establishing the exact level of this discrepancy. In this work, we report on a study of the response of a WCD of the Pierre Auger Observatory to atmospheric muons performed with a hodoscope made of resistive plate chambers (RPCs), enabling us to select and reconstruct nearly 600 thousand single muon trajectories with zenith angles ranging from 0º to 55º. Comparison of distributions of key observables between the hodoscope data and the predictions of dedicated simulations allows us to demonstrate the accuracy of the latter at a level of 2%. As the WCD calibration is based on its response to atmospheric muons, the hodoscope data are also exploited to show the long-term stability of the procedure., La lista completa de autores que integran el documento puede consultarse en el archivo., Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Física La Plata
Published: 2020
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8. Reconstruction of events recorded with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: Roberto Mussa, M. I. Micheletti, B. Tome, François Montanet, M. Schimassek, Frank G. Schröder, Peter Hansen, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Ioana Codrina Maris, Peter Buchholz, C. Hojvat, G. C. Hill, Jorge F. Soriano, Vladimir Lenok, Ralph Engel, L. Perrone, Jan Ebr, J. Ridky, Denis Stanca, A. Aab, Brian Fick, Eleonora Guido, Luis Villaseñor, John Farmer, Marco Aglietta, Markus Roth, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Julien Manshanden, Andres Travaini, E. Varela, H. J. Mathes, Maximilian Reininghaus, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, L. Nellen, B. Vargas Cárdenas, Maria-Teresa Dova, Jacco Vink, H.O. Klages, P. Savina, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Bjarni Pont, Stanislav Michal, C. Morello, Miroslav Pech, T. Suomijärvi, J. Pallotta, Alena Bakalova, M. Pothast, Pavel Horvath, B. L. Lago, Ralf Ulrich, A. M. Botti, Dusan Mandat, M. L. Díaz Castro, Teresa Bister, Valerio Verzi, M. R. Hampel, Valerio Pirronello, Niraj Dhital, J. Rodriguez Rojo, I. Valiño, Marvin Gottowik, Peter L. Biermann, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, A. A. Nucita, B. Andrada, Fridtjof Feldbusch, L. Calcagni, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, Eric Mayotte, M. Gómez Berisso, G. Farrar, R. C. Shellard, Francesca Zuccarello, K. Choi, Matias Tueros, Sofia Andringa, Paula Gina Isar, F. Riehn, Marina Scornavacche, Paolo Privitera, Kai Daumiller, Günter Sigl, Paul Sommers, A. Blanco, L. Nožka, Enrique Zas, Fernando Contreras, Fred Sarazin, G. De Mauro, Mario Buscemi, Luis A. Anchordoqui, P. Tobiska, A. C. Fauth, Nataliia Borodai, Philipp Papenbreer, Jonathan Biteau, Nicolás González, T. Huege, R.J. Barreira Luz, Petr Travnicek, M. Schimp, F. Sánchez, Antonio Condorelli, Christine Peters, Luis A. Nunez, H. Wilczyński, M. Zavrtanik, P. Stassi, Jörg R. Hörandel, Darko Veberič, R.C. dos Anjos, Radomir Smida, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, A. Machado Payeras, Carla Bonifazi, M. Palatka, B. C. Manning, Jose A. Bellido, Isabel Goos, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, Trent D. Grubb, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Fabio Convenga, Martin Vacula, Marcus Niechciol, D. Heck, A.L. Garcia Vegas, R. Squartini, E. De Vito, Giovanni Consolati, M. A. Muller, Alfred Müller, A. Di Matteo, A. Taboada, M. del Río, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Juan Manuel Figueira, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, Francesco Fenu, B. Wundheiler, A. Puyleart, Corinne Berat, M. Giller, Roberta Colalillo, Fernando Gollan, Maria Rita Coluccia, A. G. Mariazzi, Heino Falcke, A. Fuster, J. Vicha, S. Querchfeld, Gaia Silli, I.D. Vergara Quispe, P.F. Gómez Vitale, D. Nosek, M.P. Panetta, Miguel Mostafa, Petr Schovanek, G. Medina-Tanco, R. Halliday, Charles Timmermans, V. de Souza, Olena Tkachenko, Martina Bohacova, A. Filipčič, F. Salamida, Hernán Asorey, A. Yushkov, G. Matthiae, Antonio Bueno, E. Santos, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, Hernan Wahlberg, D. Melo, A. Tapia, Juan Pablo Gongora, G. Torralba Elipe, H. Gemmeke, J. Rautenberg, Gualberto Avila, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, Q. Luce, G. P. Guedes, Toshihiro Fujii, G. Marsella, Dariusz Gora, Ladislav Chytka, Massimo Mastrodicasa, L. Valore, M. Unger, D. Mockler, A. Parra, P. Ruehl, Samo Stanič, A. Weindl, E. M. Santos, Maximilian Stadelmaier, R. Sato, G. Golup, J. F. Valdés Galicia, I. De Mitri, Jakub Juryšek, J. Debatin, A. Bridgeman, Alan Coleman, V. Novotny, J. Hulsman, Rossella Caruso, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, David Schmidt, S. Schröder, S. J. Saffi, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, Caterina Trimarelli, Italo Epicoco, Steffen Hahn, P. Ristori, P.O. Mazur, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, T. Pierog, D. Lo Presti, Sullivan Marafico, M. Trini, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Xavier Bertou, A. Zepeda, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, Esteban Roulet, Pedro Assis, H. Martinez, S. J. De Jong, A. Etchegoyen, Justin M. Albury, Pierre Billoir, F. Pedreira, Marco Giammarchi, Raul Sarmento, Jarryd A. Day, A. Saftoiu, Felix Schlüter, A. Cancio, J. Stasielak, Fabian Gobbi, Piera Luisa Ghia, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, Thomas Hebbeker, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Cristina Galea, Martín Miguel Freire, M. Prouza, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. Allekotte, M. J. Roncoroni, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, Denise Boncioli, R. M. de Almeida, Jose Chinellato, Rodrigo Pelayo, Stijn Buitink, Ioana Caracas, A. Letessier-Selvon, Lorenzo Cazon, Alessio Gorgi, Orazio Zapparrata, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, A. van Vliet, David Wittkowski, G. Salina, Danielle LaHurd, Olivier Deligny, Tomáš Fodran, R. Lorek, Ugo Giaccari, Alan Watson, M. Perlin, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, J. Alvarez Castillo, Julian Kemp, R. Conceição, Miroslav Hrabovský, A. Haungs, P. Mantsch, Z. Szadkowski, Alex Kääpä, Octavian Sima, L. Lopes, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, H. Schieler, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Q. Dorosti, Lukáš Vaclavek, G. Mancarella, B. Keilhauer, André Schulz, Karl-Heinz Kampert, S. J. Sciutto, Juan Miguel Carceller, Antonella Castellina, D. Nitz, M. Risse, L. R. Wiencke, Jonathan Blazek, C. M. Schäfer, G. Parente, Fabrizia Canfora, L. Zehrer, J. de Oliveira, Alejandro Almela, Thomas Bretz, Corbin Covault, G. Kukec Mezek, Lino Miramonti, M. E. Bertaina, D. de Oliveira Franco, A. Menshikov, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, Marcel Köpke, M. Platino, Max Malacari, J. Perez Armand, Claudio Galelli, K.-H. Becker, M. Pimenta, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, Tobias Winchen, Florian Lukas Briechle, Silvia Mollerach, B. García, N. Fazzini, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Martin Erdmann, J. de Jesús, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, M. Wirtz, J. Chudoba, Roger W Clay, G. Cataldi, V. Scherini, Serguei Vorobiov, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, D. Zavrtanik, A.D. Supanitsky, J. Pȩkala, Flavia Gesualdi, Marcos Cerda, M. Urban, W. M. Namasaka, A. C. Rovero, Alexandru Balaceanu, M. Suárez-Durán, Carla Aramo, Vincenzo Rizi, Julien Souchard, D. Martello, M. Ziolkowski, O. Martínez Bravo, K. Mulrey, J. Kleinfeller, Carlos Escobar, Kevin-Druis Merenda, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. A., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. A., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. B., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Billoir, P., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Bohacova, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. B., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Bridgeman, A., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceicao, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., De Almeida, R. M., De Jesus, J., De Jong, S. J., Mauro, G. D., Neto, J. R. T. D. M., Mitri, I. D., De Oliveira, J., Franco, D. D. O., De Souza, V., Vito, E. D., Debatin, J., Rio, M. D., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Matteo, A. D., Castro, M. L. D., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. D., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipcic, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., Garcia, B., Vegas, A. L. G., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. G., Vitale, P. F. G., Gongora, J. P., Gonzalez, N., Goos, I., Gora, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Horandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovsky, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kaapa, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Kopke, M., Mezek, G. K., Lago, B. L., Lahurd, D., Lang, R. G., De Oliveira, M. A. L., Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. L., Lopes, L., Lopez, R., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Payeras, A. M., Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Maris, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. M., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozka, L., Nucita, A., Nuñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pkala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. P., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., De Carvalho, W. R., Rojo, J. R., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. S., Sanchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schafer, C., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schluter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Schulz, A., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smida, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanic, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suarez-Duran, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijarvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Supik, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. T., Tome, B., Elipe, G. T., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. V., Valiño, I., Valore, L., Vliet, A. V., Varela, E., Cardenas, B. V., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. V., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczynski, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Ziolkowski, M., Zuccarello, F., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Pierre Auger, Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Castillo J.A., Alvarez-Muñiz J., Batista R.A., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Ferreira P.R.A., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Luz R.J.B., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Billoir P., Bister T., Biteau J., Blanco A., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Arbeletche L.B., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Bridgeman A., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Calcagni L., Cancio A., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Choi K., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cerutti A.C.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., De Almeida R.M., De Jesus J., De Jong S.J., Mauro G.D., Neto J.R.T.D.M., Mitri I.D., De Oliveira J., Franco D.D.O., De Souza V., Vito E.D., Debatin J., Rio M.D., Deligny O., Dhital N., Matteo A.D., Castro M.L.D., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., Dorosti Q., Anjos R.C.D., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Vegas A.L.G., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Berisso M.G., Vitale P.F.G., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Halliday R., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Mezek G.K., Lago B.L., Lahurd D., Lang R.G., De Oliveira M.A.L., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Presti D.L., Lopes L., Lopez R., Lorek R., Luce Q., Lucero A., Payeras A.M., Malacari M., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Bravo O.M., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mockler D., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nuñez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Panetta M.P., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pkala J., Pelayo R., Peña-Rodriguez J., Armand J.P., Perlin M., Perrone L., Peters C., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Ristori P., Rizi V., De Carvalho W.R., Rojo J.R., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Gomez J.D.S., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Schulz A., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Tapia A., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Peixoto C.J.T., Tome B., Elipe G.T., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Urban M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Galicia J.F.V., Valiño I., Valore L., Vliet A.V., Varela E., Cardenas B.V., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Quispe I.D.V., Verzi V., Vicha J., Villaseñor L., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., Zepeda A., Ziolkowski M., Zuccarello F., and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astronomy, primary [cosmic radiation], 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Auger, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0302 clinical medicine, surface [detector], Observatory, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Data Processing, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Large detector-systems performance, Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Largedetector-systems performance, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, Instrumentation et méthodes en physique, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, cascade, observatory, Cascade, ddc:620, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, atmosphere [showers], air, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, water, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Atmosphere, 03 medical and health sciences, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics, 14. Life underwater, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], ddc:610, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Zenith, Engineering & allied operations, Pierre Auger Observatory, showers: atmosphere, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, hep-ex, detector: surface, Autres mathématiques, cosmic radiation: primary, Cherenkov counter, Experimental High Energy Physics, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], RAIOS CÓSMICOS, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: Cosmic rays arriving at Earth collide with the upper parts of the atmosphere, thereby inducing extensive air showers. When secondary particles from the cascade arrive at the ground, they are measured by surface detector arrays. We describe the methods applied to the measurements of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory to reconstruct events with zenith angles less than 60 using the timing and signal information recorded using the water-Cherenkov detector stations. In addition, we assess the accuracy of these methods in reconstructing the arrival directions of the primary cosmic ray particles and the sizes of the induced showers., Argentina - Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Argentina - Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), Argentina - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina - Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza, Argentina - Municipalidad de Malargue, Argentina - NDM Holdings, Argentina - Valle Las Lenas, Australia - Australian Research Council, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brazil - Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) 2019/10151-2 2010/07359-6 1999/05404-3, Brazil - Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes (MCTIC), Czech Republic Grant MSMT CR LTT18004 LM2015038 LM2018102 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001402 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016010 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008422, France - Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), France - Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, France - Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), France - Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), French National Research Agency (ANR) LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63 ANR11-IDEX-0004-02, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), German Research Foundation (DFG), Germany - Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany - Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Germany - Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Germany - Min-isterium fur Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany - Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Wurttemberg, Italy - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy - Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Italy - Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy - CETEMPS Center of Excellence, Italy - Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) 167733, México - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México - PAPIIT DGAPA-UNAM, The Netherlands - Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), The Netherlands - Dutch national e-infrastructure, The Netherlands - SURF Cooperative, Poland - Ministry of Science and Higher Education DIR/WK/2018/11, Poland - National Science Centre 2013/08/M/ST9/00322 2016/23/B/ST9/01635 HARMONIA 52013/10/M/ST9/00062 UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00198, Portugal - Portuguese national funds, Portugal - FEDER funds within Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (COMPETE), Romania - Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, the Program Nucleu within MCI PN19150201/16N/2019 PN19060102, Romania - Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, the Program Nucleu within PNCDI III PN-III-P11.2-PCCDI-2017-0839/19PCCDI/2018, Slovenian Research Agency - Slovenia P1-0031 P1-0385 I0-0033 N1-0111, Spain - Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad FPA2017-85114-P FPA2017-85197-P, Spain - Xunta de Galicia ED431C 2017/07, Junta de Andalucía SOMM17/6104/UGR, Spain - Feder Funds, Spain - RENATARedNacional Tematica de Astroparticulas FPA2015-68783-REDT, Spain - Maria de MaeztuUnit of Excellence MDM-2016-0692, United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-AC02-07CH11359 DE-FR02-04ER41300 DEFG02-99ER41107 DE-SC0011689, National Science Foundation (NSF) 0450696, U.S.A. - Grainger Foundation, U.S.A. - Marie Curie-IRSES/EPLANET, U.S.A. - European Particle Physics Latin American Network, U.S.A. - UNESCO
Published: 2020
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9. A Rotationally Symmetric Lateral Distribution Function for Radio Emission from Inclined Air Showers

Author: Lukas Brenk, Felix Schlüter, Tim Huege, and Physics
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Radiant energy, FOS: Physical sciences, Measure (mathematics), Computational physics, Symmetric function, Superposition principle, Distribution function, Earth's magnetic field, ddc:530, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Energy (signal processing), Event reconstruction
Abstract: Radio detection of inclined air showers is currently receiving great attention. To exploit the potential, a suitable event reconstruction needs to be developed. The first step in this direction is the development of a model for the lateral distribution of the radio signals, which in the case of inclined air showers exhibits asymmetries due to "early-late" effects in addition to the usual asymmetries from the superposition of charge-excess and geomagnetic emission. We present a model which corrects for all asymmetries and successfully describes the lateral distribution of the energy fluence with a rotationally symmetric function. This gives access to the radiation energy as a measure of the energy of the cosmic-ray primary, and is also sensitive to the depth of the shower maximum., Comment: To be published in the proceedings of the ARENA2018 conference; revised version with important fix of former equation (2)
Published: 2019
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10. Classification and Recovery of Radio Signals from Cosmic Ray Induced Air Showers with Deep Learning

Author: Martin Erdmann, Felix Schlüter, and Radomir Smida
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), business.industry, Deep learning, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Artificial intelligence, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Mathematical Physics
Abstract: Radio emission from air showers enables measurements of cosmic particle kinematics and identity. The radio signals are detected in broadband Megahertz antennas among continuous background noise. We present two deep learning concepts and their performance when applied to simulated data. The first network classifies time traces as signal or background. We achieve a true positive rate of about 90% for signal-to-noise ratios larger than three with a false positive rate below 0.2%. The other network is used to clean the time trace from background and to recover the radio time trace originating from an air shower. Here we achieve a resolution in the energy contained in the trace of about 20% without a bias for $80\%$ of the traces with a signal. The obtained frequency spectrum is cleaned from signals of radio frequency interference and shows the expected shape., Comment: 20 pages, 13 figures, resubmitted to JINST
Published: 2019
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11. Symmetrizing the signal distribution of radio emission from inclined air showers

Author: Felix Schlüter, Tim Huege, Lukas Brenk, and Physics
Subjects: Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Radiant energy, Signal, Computational physics, Superposition principle, Earth's magnetic field, Distribution function, ddc:530, Antenna (radio), Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Energy (signal processing), astro-ph.IM
Abstract: Radio detection of inclined air showers currently receives special attention. It can be performed with very sparse antenna arrays and yields a pure measurement of the electromagnetic air-shower component, thus delivering information that is highly complementary to the measurement of the muonic component using particle detectors. However, radio-based reconstruction of inclined air showers is challenging in light of asymmetries induced in the radio-signal distribution by early-late effects as well as the superposition of geomagnetic and charge-excess radiation. We present a model for the signal distribution of radio emission from inclined air showers which allows explicit compensation of these asymmetries. In a first step, geometrical early-late asymmetries are removed. Secondly, a universal parameterization of the charge-excess fraction as a function of the air-shower geometry, the atmospheric density profile and the lateral distance from the shower axis is used to compensate for the charge-excess contribution to the signal. The resulting signal distribution of the pure geomagnetic emission is then fit with a rotationally symmetric lateral distribution function, the area integration of which yields the radiation energy as an estimator for the cosmic-ray energy. We present the details and performance of our model, which lays the foundation for robust and precise reconstruction of inclined air showers from radio measurements., Proceedings of the 36th ICRC, Madison, WI, USA, PoS(ICRC2019)294; v2 updated to final published version with slight changes of fit values in section 6 and Fig. 8 due to correction of a mixup

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11 results on '"Felix Schlüter"'

1. Reconstructing inclined extensive air showers from radio measurements

2. The FRAM robotic telescope for atmospheric monitoring at the Pierre Auger Observatory

3. Expected performance of air-shower measurements with the radio-interferometric technique

4. Design, upgrade and characterization of the silicon photomultiplier front-end for the AMIGA detector at the Pierre Auger Observatory

5. Deep-learning based reconstruction of the shower maximum X max using the water-Cherenkov detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory

6. Refractive displacement of the radio-emission footprint of inclined air showers simulated with CoREAS

7. Studies on the response of a water-Cherenkov detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory to atmospheric muons using an RPC hodoscope

8. Reconstruction of events recorded with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

9. A Rotationally Symmetric Lateral Distribution Function for Radio Emission from Inclined Air Showers

10. Classification and Recovery of Radio Signals from Cosmic Ray Induced Air Showers with Deep Learning

11. Symmetrizing the signal distribution of radio emission from inclined air showers

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11 results on '"Felix Schlüter"'

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