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Key to Old World species of the genus Helorus Latreille (except Australian region) 1 Temple, face, vertex, mesopleuron ventrally and mesoscutum medially coarsely reticulate-rugose; first metasomal tergite comparatively robust (Fig. 3 in van Achterberg 2006), but slender in H. suwai; hind tibia of ♂ dark brown............ 2 - Temple, face, vertex, mesopleuron ventrally and mesoscutum medially smooth to moderately punctate; first tergite variable, often slenderer (Figs 6, 34); hind tibia of ♂ largely blackish, dark brown or yellowish brown..................... 5 2 Basal half of first tergite parallel-sided and tergite about 3.0 �� as long as its maximum width in dorsal view; vein 2-SR of fore wing curved posteriorly; [scutellum with medio-longitudinal carina; second tergite finely punctulate; pterostigma about 3.3 �� as long as wide]; Japan............................................................ H. suwai Kusigemati, 1987 - Basal half of first tergite distinctly widened anteriorly and tergite 1.7���2.0 �� as long as its maximum width in dorsal view; vein 2-SR of fore wing straight posteriorly..................................................................... 3 3 Lamellae between antennal sockets wide reversed W-shaped; basal width of hypopygium of ♀ twice longer than its median length and remotely punctate; [only known from ♀ holotype from Jilin (NE China)]................................................................................... H. jilinensis He & Xu, 2015 - Lamellae between antennal sockets narrower and M-shaped; basal width of hypopygium of ♀ about 1.5 �� longer than its median length and densely punctate (interspaces 0.3���0.6 �� diameter of punctures)..................... 4 4 First tergite distinctly narrowed apically in lateral view; posterior part of vein r widened, 2���3 �� wider than anterior part of vein r; posterior margin of pterostigma nearly straight; China (Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan)...................................................................... H. chinensis He, 1992 - First tergite hardly or not narrowed apically in lateral view (Fig. 3 in van Achterberg 2006); apical part of vein r not or slightly widened, similar to anterior part of vein r; posterior margin of pterostigma curved; Europe............................................................................... H. nigripes Foerster, 1856 5 Pterostigma robust, 2.1���2.6 �� as long as wide (Figs. 11, 23); first tergite less elevated subbasally and slender in lateral view (Figs. 6, 17); antenna (except basally) yellowish brown or brown ventrally (Fig. 2); metasoma of ♂ smooth or punctulate latero-ventrally; temple above malar suture depressed (Fig. 10)........................................ 6 - Pterostigma slender, 2.9���3.8 �� as long as wide (Figs. 36, 43, 49); first tergite distinctly elevated subbasally and usually robust in lateral view (Figs 34, 41, 49, 52); antenna (except basally) usually largely dark brown or black ventrally (Fig. 55); metasoma of ♂ distinctly finely punctate latero-ventrally; temple above malar space flat or slightly impressed (Fig. 55).......... 8 6 First flagellomere 4.7���7.7 �� as long as wide (Figs. 2, 14); apical half of hind femur partly or entirely yellow; first tergite slender in lateral view (Figs. 1, 6, 17); hind coxa and apical half of hind tibia blackish (contrasting with apical yellow part of hind femur) and remainder of leg pale yellowish (Figs. 1, 12, 24); vein cu-a of fore wing often antefurcal (Figs. 11, 23); [vein r of fore wing short]; China (Sichuan, Shaanxi, Ningxia).............................. H. antefurcalis He & Xu, 2015 - First flagellomere 2.8���3.6 �� as long as wide; apical half of hind femur black; first tergite less slender in lateral view (Fig. 5); hind coxa and apical half of hind tibia yellowish brown to dark brown and remainder of hind leg yellowish brown; vein cu-a of fore wing interstitial.................................................................................. 7 7 Hind trochanter, trochantellus and tarsus pale yellow; first flagellomere about 3.6 �� longer than wide; hind tibia (except basally) and tarsus apically dark brown; first tergite comparatively slender in lateral view; China (Hebei)........................................................................................................ H. reni He & Xu, 2015 - Hind trochanter, trochantellus and tarsus yellowish brown; first flagellomere about 2.8 �� longer than wide; hind tibia and tarsus brownish yellow; first tergite less slender in lateral view (Fig. 5 in van Achterberg, 2006); [colour of middle trochanter and femur varies from yellowish brown to dark brown]; China (Henan, Shaanxi); Holarctic, Afrotropical................................................................................................. H. ruficornis Foerster, 1856 8 Scutellum with transverse subposterior carina in front of transverse crenulated groove (Fig. 56), at most narrowly interrupted; lamellae between antennal sockets with some coarse punctures (Fig. 50); metanotum with distinct transverse carina subposteriorly (Fig. 8 in van Achterberg 2006; Fig. 56), and rather acute dorsally (Figs. 6, l.c.); first metasomal tergite of both sexes swollen subbasally and 1.8���2.4 �� as long as its maximum width, in lateral view comparatively wide (Figs 49, 52, 53, 57); face rather coarsely (rugose-) punctate medio-dorsally (Fig. 55); antenna of both sexes black ventrally (Fig. 55); propodeum usually steep posteriorly (Figs 49, 51, 57).................................................. 9 - Scutellum without distinctly transverse subposterior carina, absent or widely interrupted (Fig. 28); lamellae between antennal sockets smooth or punctulate; metanotum without distinct transverse carina subposteriorly (Fig. 28), and rounded dorsally (Fig. 33); first tergite slender subbasally and of ♀ 2.7���3.0 (♂: 2.3���2.6) �� as long as its maximum width, in lateral view slender (Fig 30); face smooth or finely punctate medio-dorsally, similar to sublateral sculpture or weaker; ventrally antenna of ♀ brown to dark brown and of ♂ black to dark brown; propodeum gradually rounded posteriorly (Fig. 34).................... 11 9 First tergite strongly constricted subapically in dorsal view, its maximum width twice its minimum width; pterostigma 3.6���3.8 �� as long as wide; [palpi infuscate; only ♂ known]; Japan............................. H. yezoensis Kusigemati, 1987 - First tergite less constricted apically in dorsal view, its maximum width 1.5���1.7 �� its minimum width; pterostigma 2.9���3.6 �� as long as wide........................................................................................ 10 10 Hypopygium of ♀ punctate-reticulate (especially basally); scutellum moderately convex in lateral view; first metasomal tergite only coarsely punctate dorsally; wing membrane hyaline; [only known from ♀ holotype]; NE China (Heilongjiang)........................................................................ H. heilongjiangensis He & Xu, 2015 - Hypopygium of ♀ only punctate (Fig. 49); scutellum less convex in lateral view (Figs 49, 51); first tergite more or less rugose dorsally (Fig. 53); wing membrane slightly infuscated (Figs 49, 57); China ((Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Zhejiang), Holarctic, NE Oriental............ H. anomalipes (Panzer, 1798) 11 Hind coxa (as femur, trochanter and trochantellus) pale yellowish (Figs 25, 31, 37); vein 2-SR of fore wing slender and straight, and base of SR1 not widened (Figs 25, 36, 37, 43); [first tergite 3.0���3.6 �� longer than high in lateral view (Figs 34, 41); pterostigma 3.4���3.8 �� as long as wide (Figs 36, 43)]......................................................... 12 - Hind coxa (as most of femur, trochanter and trochantellus) black; vein 2-SR of fore wing widened and slightly curved (but straight in H. alborzicus) and base of SR1 widened; [first tergite 2.3���3.5 �� longer than high in lateral view (Fig. 12 in van Achterberg 2006)].................................................................................... 13 12 Pterostigma of ♀ (Figs 25, 36) much paler than that of ♂ (Figs 37, 43); apex of pterostigma of ♀ much paler than vein 1- R 1 (Figs 25, 36); East Palaearctic: NW China (Shaanxi)....................................... H. caii He & Xu, 2015 Pterostigma of both sexes entirely brown; apex of pterostigma of ♀ and vein 1- R 1 similarly coloured; Oriental: Indonesia (Sulawesi)............................................................... H. celebensis van Achterberg, 2006 13 First tergite robust in lateral view and 2.3���2.7 �� as long as wide; frons laterally more or less densely punctate; middle lobe of mesoscutum and vertex moderately shiny; Palaearctic (but not recorded from China), North Oriental................................................................................................. H. striolatus Cameron, 1906 - First tergite slender and 3.1���3.5 �� as long as wide in lateral view (similar to tergite of H. caii); frons laterally largely smooth; middle lobe of mesoscutum and vertex smooth............................................................. 14 14 First metasomal tergite subparallel-sided in lateral view; hind trochanter, trochantellus and tarsus yellow; middle lobe of mesoscutum and vertex moderately shiny; Afrotropical............................... H. elgoni Risbec, 1950 re-instated - First metasomal tergite narrowed posteriorly in lateral view; hind trochanter, trochantellus and tarsus black or dark brown; middle lobe of mesoscutum and vertex very shiny; [= H. xinjiangensis He & Xu, [June] 2015, syn. n.]; Palaearctic: Iran, NW China (Xinjiang)................................... H. alborzicus Izadizadeh, van Achterberg & Talebi, [April] 2015, Published as part of Zhang, Ruo-Nan, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tian, Xiao-Xia, He, Cheng-Yi & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, Sexual variation in two species of Helorus Latreille (Hymenoptera, Heloridae) from NW China, with description of female of Helorus caii He & Xu, pp. 570-584 in Zootaxa 4821 (3) on pages 571-572, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4821.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/4401118, {"references":["van Achterberg, C. (2006) European species of the genus Helorus Latreille (Hymenoptera: Heloridae), with description of a new species from Sulawesi (Indonesia). Zoologische Mededelingen, 80 (1), 1 - 12. [http: // www. researchgate. net / publication / 254912458]","Kusigemati, K. (1987) The Heloridae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea) of Japan. Kontyu, Tokyo, 55 (3), 477 - 485.","He, J. H. & Xu, Z. F. (2015) Hymenoptera Proctotrupoidea (I), Fauna Sinica, Insecta Vol. 56, Hymenoptera Proctotrupoidea (I). Science Press, Beijing, 1034 pp.","He, J. H. (1992) Heloridae. In: Peng, J. W. & Liu, Y. Q. (Eds.), Iconography of forest insects in Hunan, China. Science Press, Changsha, pp. 1293 - 1296. [in Chinese with English summary]"]}

Zhang, Ruo-Nan, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tian, Xiao-Xia, He, Cheng-Yi, Tan, Jiang-Li (2020): Sexual variation in two species of Helorus Latreille (Hymenoptera, Heloridae) from NW China, with description of female of Helorus caii He & Xu. Zootaxa 4821 (3): 570-584, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4821.3.8

Helorus antefurcalis He & Xu, 2015 Figures 1���24 Helorus antefurcalis He & Xu, 2015: 733, 744���746, 983, 984. Material. 2 ♀ (NWUX), ���NW. China: Shaanxi, Hetaoba, Changqing [Nature] Res [erve], c. 1417 m, y[ellow Malaise] trap, 27.ix.���8.xi.2016, 33.65��N 107.57��E, Lin-Peng Zhao, NWUX ���; 2 ♀ (NWUX, RMNH), ���NW China: Shaanxi, Wowadian, Changqing N. R., yellow Malaise trap, 2237 m, 2.ix.���2.xi.2017, 33.70��N 107.62��E, Lin-Peng Zhao, NWUX ���; 1 ♀ (RMNH), ���NW China: Shaanxi, Daping post, Yangxian, Changqing N. R., b[lack] Mal [aise] trap, 2029 m, 2.ix.���2.xi.2017, 33.68��N 107.60��E, Lin-Peng Zhao, NWUX ���; 1 ♀ + 3 ♂ (NWUX, RMNH), ���NW. China: Shaanxi, Pingheliang, Ningshaan, 33.47��N 108.50��E, 17.viii���1.x.2016, 2188 m, b[lack] Mal[aise] trap, J-L Tan & Q-Q Tan, NWUX ���; 1 ♂ (NWUX), id., but 22.x.2017, 2105 m; 1 ♀ (NWUX), id. but swept, 17.viii.2016, J-L Tan; 5 ♂ + 1 ♀ (NWUX), ���NW China: Shaanxi, Qinling Mts, Baolongyu, c. 1000 m, 26.viii.���2.xi.2018, 34��03���N 108��09���E, Q-Q Tan & R-N Zhang ���; 1 ♂ (NWUX), ���NW. China: Shaanxi, Dapingshaosuo, Changqing Nat [ure] Res [erve], Yangxian, Hanzhong, 33.69��N 107.51��E, 27.vii.���2.ix.2017, 2029 m, y[ellow] Mal[aise] trap, Lin-Peng Zhao, NWUX ���; 1 ♀ (NWUX), ���NW China: Shaanxi, along the road of Taibai Daguanzi to Huangbaiyuan, c. 1549 m, 26.vi.2015, 34.06��N 107.32��E, Jiangli Tan & Qingqing Tan, NWUX ���; 1 ♂ (NWUX), ���NW China: Shaanxi, Xunyangba, Ningshaan, 1481 m, 17.viii.���3.x.2016, 33.54��N 108.55��E, y[ellow]/g[reen] Mal[aise] trap, Jiangli Tan, NWUX ���; 1 ♂ (NWUX), ���NW China: Shaanxi, Liangfengya, Foping, 1729 m, 19.viii.���13.xi.2016, 33.00��N 107.90��E, y[ellow] Mal[aise] trap, J-L & Q-Q Tan, NWUX ���; 1 ♀ (NWUX), ���NW China: Shaanxi, from Huangguan to Xunyangba, Ningshaan, 1236 m, 1.vii.���17.viii.2016, 33.54��N 105.36��E, black Mal[aise] trap, J-L Tan & Q-Q Tan, NWUX ���; 1 ♀ (NWUX), ���NW China: Shaanxi, Luonan, Shangluo, yellow Malaise trap, garden, 1006 m, xii.2017 ��� 17.vi.2018, 34.02��N 110.10��E, R-N Zhang & Q-Q Tan, NWUX ���; 1 ♀ (NWUX), ���NW China: Ningxia, Liupan Mt., Jingyuan Erlonghe For [est] Farm, c. 1800 m, 2.vii.2015, 35��23'24���N 106��20'41.43���E, Jiang-li Tan, NWUX ���. Redescription. Female from Hetaoba, length of body 4.1 mm, and of fore wing 3.1 mm. Head. Antenna as long as fore wing; first flagellomere 1.2 �� as long as second one, first, second and penultimate flagellomeres 7.7, 6.4 and 3.2 �� as long as wide (Fig. 2); OOL:OD:POL = 19:8:19; length of eye in dorsal view 1.2 �� temple (Fig. 9); temple, face and vertex smooth, shiny and setose (Figs 9, 10). Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.5 �� as long as high (Fig. 4); pronotal side largely smooth, but posteriorly and medially crenulate and with some rugae (Fig. 3); mesopleuron largely smooth, but medially moderately punctate; median part of mesopleuron glabrous; mesoscutum smooth and with distinct notauli; scutellum smooth, weakly convex and nearly semicircular; scutellar sulcus wide, deep and coarsely crenulate; metapleuron reticulate-rugose; propodeum coarsely reticulate-rugose and with a medio-longitudinal carina. Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma triangular and 2.4 �� longer than its maximum width (Fig. 11); vein cu-a distinctly antefurcal; vein r of fore wing 0.6 �� width of pterostigma and slender; vein 1-R1 0.9 �� as long as pterostigma; basal cells sparsely setose, except near costal cell. Legs. Length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 4.6, 5.9 and 7.0 �� their width, respectively (Fig. 12); hind basitarsus 1.9 �� as long as second tarsus. Metasoma. First metasomal tergite in dorsal view 4.1 �� as long as its maximum width and in lateral view 3.7 �� as long as wide (Figs 5, 6), and with nearly longitudinal rugae; remainder of metasoma smooth and have many setae (Fig. 7); hypopygium slight shiny and setose. Colour. Black; scape and pedicel largely dark brown, flagellum pale yellowish but yellowish brown apically; mandible ivory except brownish teeth; palpi, and tegulae yellowish; base of hind tibia pale yellowish; apical third of hind coxa, basal half of hind femur and narrowly its apex, yellowish brown; hind trochanter trochantellus and tarsus yellowish; remainder of hind leg more or less dark brown; veins brown; basal 0.6 of pterostigma dark brown, remainder of pterostigma largely yellow and paler than vein 1-R1 (Fig. 11). Variation. First flagellomere 3.6���7.7 �� as long as wide; vein 1- R1 of fore wing 1.0-1.2 �� length of pterostigma; pterostigma 2.4���3.6 �� longer than its maximum width; vein cu-a of fore wing slightly antefurcal or interstitial, but rather frequently distinctly antefurcal (Fig. 11), but usually less than depicted in Fig. 6 in He & Xu (2015); first discal cell of fore wing 2.0���2.7 �� longer than high; first metasomal tergite in dorsal view 4.1���4.5 �� as long as its maximum width and in lateral view 3.7���4.3 �� as long as wide; length of fore wing 4.3���5.5 mm. The types of H. antefurcalis have the hind femur largely or entirely black apically, but especially in females (the depicted type specimens in the original description is a male) the apex is more or less yellow. The fore leg of females is always yellow in the series from Shaanxi (except one female from Luonan with dark brown fore and middle coxae), but in the type series the femur and tibia are more or less darkened. In general, the males of this species have darker legs and pterostigma than the females, but the female from Luonan has the pterostigma entirely dark brown. Male. Pterostigma entirely black or dark brown; fore and middle femora largely and apex of hind femur dark brown; first metasomal tergite less slender; vein 1-R1 of fore wing 0.9���1.2 �� length of pterostigma; length of fore wing 3.8���5.0 mm. Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China (Ningxia, Shaanxi, Sichuan). New for Shaanxi. Discussion. After examination of the series from Shaanxi it is obvious that the position of the vein cu-a of the fore wing (distinctly antefurcal or interstitial) as key character is close to useless (as was noticed by Buffington & Copeland (2016) for the Afrotropical H. elgoni). The position of vein cu-a of the fore wing is in both H. elgoni and H. alborzicus highly variable: from far antefurcal to interstitial and in both species specimens are found to have the position very different between both wings (Buffington & Copeland 2016; personal observation). However, their conclusion that because of this observation H. elgoni is a junior synonym of H. rufipes is not accepted. From their well-illustrated redescription it is obvious that two species are involved: H. elgoni with the pterostigma more than 3 �� longer than wide and the posterior margin of pterostigma nearly straight (Fig. 13 in Buffington & Copeland 2016) and H. ruficornis (pterostigma about twice as wide as long and its posterior margin curved; Figs. 14, l.c.). Therefore, we re-instate H. elgoni as valid species and include it in the key., Published as part of Zhang, Ruo-Nan, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tian, Xiao-Xia, He, Cheng-Yi & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, Sexual variation in two species of Helorus Latreille (Hymenoptera, Heloridae) from NW China, with description of female of Helorus caii He & Xu, pp. 570-584 in Zootaxa 4821 (3) on pages 573-577, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4821.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/4401118, {"references":["He, J. H. & Xu, Z. F. (2015) Hymenoptera Proctotrupoidea (I), Fauna Sinica, Insecta Vol. 56, Hymenoptera Proctotrupoidea (I). Science Press, Beijing, 1034 pp.","Buffington, M. & Copeland R. S. (2016) Redescription of Helorus ruficornis Forster (Hymenoptera: Heloridae), with a new synonymy and new Afrotropical specimen records. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 118 (3), 330 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.4289 / 0013 - 8797.118.3.330"]}

Key to Old World species of Pseudognaptodon Fischer 1. Pterostigma slender and vein r emitted distinctly before middle of pterostigma (Fig. 33 in Belokobylskij 1992); vein 3-SR+SR1 of fore wing nearly straight; first tergite subparallel-sided posteriorly; first and second tergites largely longitudinally striate; 4 (♂)���5 (♀) basal antennal segments yellow; mesosoma light brown dorsally; [basal area of second tergite 0.1 �� as long as com- bined second and third tergites and smooth; eye in dorsal view 1.8���2.2 �� as long as temple; first and second metasomal tergites yellow dorsally; second metasomal suture smooth (Fig. 32 l. c.)]....................... P. ruficeps Belokobylskij, 1993 - Pterostigma robust and vein r usually emitted near middle of pterostigma or slightly before middle (Figs 2, 14, 25, 37); vein 3- SR+SR1 of fore wing distinctly curved, at least basally so (Figs 2, 14, 25, 37); first tergite gradually widened posteriorly (Figs 5, 40); first and second tergites largely smooth, rugulose or rugose (Figs 5, 18, 29, 40); either only scapus yellow (Fig. 45), or 4 basal antennal segments yellowish (Figs 10, 22) and mesosoma dorsally largely or entirely black or dark brown (Figs 4, 17)................................................................................................... 2 2. Vein 1-R1 1.2���1.5 �� longer than pterostigma (Figs 2, 14); frons granulate (Figs 8, 20); episternal scrobe present, linear (Figs 1, 12); vein 2-M of fore wing at least as long as vein 2-SR (Figs 2, 14); face yellowish brown; basal area of second metasomal tergite smooth (Figs 5, 16); Oriental (Vietnam).............................................................. 3 - Vein 1-R1 0.8���1.0 �� as long as pterostigma (Figs 25, 37); frons rugulose or aciculate (Figs 32, 43); episternal scrobe absent (Figs 24, 36); vein 2-M of fore wing at least slightly shorter than vein 2-SR (Fig. 25); face dark brown or yellowish (Figs 31, 42), if yellowish then basal area of second tergite sculptured (Fig. 40)............................................ 4 3 Vein 3-SR+SR1 of fore wing evenly curved (Fig. 14); two basal metasomal tergites brownish yellow (Fig. 18); occiput medially and mesopleuron yellowish brown (Figs 15, 20)................................ P. curvinervis van Achterberg, sp. n. - Vein 3-SR+SR1 of fore wing only basally distinctly curved (Fig. 2); two basal metasomal tergites black (Fig. 5); occiput dark brown medially (Fig. 8) and mesopleuron black (Fig. 3)......................... P. bidoupensis van Achterberg, sp. n. 4 Basal area of second tergite rugose-punctate and 0.10 �� as long as combined second and third tergites (Fig. 40); vein 3-SR+SR1 of fore wing distinctly curved basally (Fig. 37); eye in dorsal view approx. 9.5 �� as long as temple, temple directly narrowed posteriorly (Fig. 43); first and second metasomal tergites black dorsally; second metasomal suture obsolescent medially (Fig. 40); scutellar sulcus distinctly crenulate (Fig. 39); vertex aciculate (Fig. 43); antenna with approx. 30 segments; length of body approx. 2.6 mm; Palaearctic (China)..................................... P. sinensis Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. - Basal area of second tergite smooth and 0.15 �� as long as combined second and third tergites (Fig. 29); vein 3-SR+SR1 of fore wing entirely evenly curved (Fig. 25); eye in dorsal view approx. 3.5 �� as long as temple, temple gradually narrowed posteriorly (Fig. 32); second metasomal suture distinctly impressed medially (Fig. 29); scutellar sulcus almost smooth (Fig. 28); vertex rugulose (Fig. 32); antenna with approx. 19 segments; length of body approx. 1.5 mm; [vein 1-R1 slightly shorter than pterostigma]; Oriental (Vietnam)................................................. P. longi van Achterberg, sp. n., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on page 475, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694

Neognamptodon laticauda Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. (Figs 48���64) Type material. Holotype, ♀ (NWUX), ���SW. China: Yunnan, Yaoqu, Menglun, c. 540 m, 5.x.2010, 21��93���N 101��26���E, Jiangli Tan, NWUX ���. Paratype: 1 ♂ (NWUX), ���SW. China: Yunnan, Yaoqu, Mengla, c. 1200 m, 28.ix.2010, 21��74���N 101��46���E, Jiangli Tan, NWUX ���. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♀ with approx. 23 antennomeres; mesoscutum with long groove-like medio-posterior depression and anterior half of notauli smooth (Fig. 51); mesosoma dark brown; vein 3-SR of fore wing 2.2���3.0 �� as long as vein r (Figs 49, 62); dorsal carinae of first tergite united basally (Figs 52, 63); basal area of second metasomal tergite transverse and medially 0.13���0.15 �� as long as wide anteriorly; area behind basal area of second tergite of ♀ coarsely crenulate (Fig. 52); setose part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.35 �� as long as fore wing. Description. Holotype, ♀, length of fore wing 2.0 mm, and of body 2.1 mm. Head. Antenna with 23 antennomeres, scapus longer dorsally than ventrally, length of third antennomere 1.3 �� fourth antennomere, third, fourth and penultimate antennomeres 3.8, 3.0 and 2.6 �� as long as wide, respectively (Figs 54, 55); maxillary and labial palpi with 6 and 3 segments, respectively; length of maxillary palp equal to height of head; temple smooth; hypostomal flange narrow (Fig. 58); eye 3.6 �� as long as temple in dorsal view; temples directly narrowed behind eyes; OOL:diameter of posterior ocellus:POL = 42:19:19; vertex and frons smooth and shiny, without median groove; face smooth, shiny and convex (Fig. 56); clypeus truncate medially, slightly protruding and ventral rim thin, medially punctulate and shiny; hypoclypeal depression 0.4 �� as wide as face, wide and deep; malar suture absent; length of malar space 1.2 �� basal width of mandible; mandible flat medially and smooth, strongly narrowed and twisted apically and ventro-basally widened (Fig. 58). Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.5 �� its height; pronotum subhorizontal anteriorly, antescutal depression absent, with narrow crenulated groove and with anterior lamella medially widened (Fig. 57); side of pronotum smooth, but oblique groove finely crenulate (Fig. 50); mesopleuron convex, shiny and smooth; precoxal sulcus present submedially as finely crenulate oblique groove; episternal scrobe large and linear (Fig. 50); pleural sulcus crenulate; mesosternal suture deep and finely crenulate; notauli nearly complete, smooth and distinctly impressed, and posteriorly with medium-sized longitudinal groove in between (Fig. 51); with some setae along notauli and on middle lobe of mesoscutum, mesoscutal lobes distinctly convex, strongly shiny and smooth; scutellar sulcus distinctly crenulate (Fig. 51); scutellum wide triangular, slightly convex, smooth, setose and shiny; metapleuron largely smooth and setose; propodeum evenly convex, largely rugulose, medio-longitudinal carina long and posteriorly connected to a small areola (Fig. 51). Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma elongate triangular (Fig. 49); 1-M straight; 1-SR longer than wide; 1-SR+M present anteriorly; 1-R1 1.7 �� longer than pterostigma; vein r emitted near middle of pterostigma and slender; r:3-SR:SR1:2-SR = 9:20:98:23; vein SR1 straight; m-cu distinctly antefurcal; 1-CU1 widened, shorter than cu-a; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 1:17; CU1b complete, medium-sized; basal and subbasal cells of fore wing similarly setose as other cells. Hind wing: M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 9:43:14; basal and subbasal cells similarly setose as other cells; m-cu absent. Legs. Hind coxa smooth; tarsal claws rather robust and simple (Fig. 59); length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 4.6, 11.3 and 9.0 �� as long as their maximum width; hind tibial spurs 0.20 and 0.25 �� as long as basitarsus. Metasoma. First tergite 0.8 �� longer than its apical width, gradually widened apically, convex, reticulate-rugulose, shiny, dorsope absent, its dorsal carinae united basally (Fig. 52); first tergite laterally with deep and round laterope in smooth glymma; second and third tergites mainly reticulate-rugulose (including basal area, but behind area crenulate, third tergite becoming granulate posteriorly) and third tergite with antero-lateral grooves (Fig. 52); basal area of second tergite transverse, narrow, reticulate-rugulose and medially approx. 0.15 �� as long as wide anteriorly and 0.07 �� as long as combined second and third tergites; second metasomal suture distinct medially and finely crenulate; epipleura of second���third tergites semi-transparent; fourth and fifth tergites largely finely granulate; ovipositor sheath widened apically (Fig. 53) and its apex rounded, setose part 0.33 �� as long as fore wing, 2.4 �� first tergite and 2.1 �� hind basitarsus; ovipositor compressed and both valves subapically widened, resulting in a distinct subapical nodus (Fig. 53). Colour. Dark brown; palpi whitish; scapus, tegulae, legs (but telotarsi infuscated) and metasoma ventrally pale yellowish; head (but stemmaticum dark brown), propleuron, pronotum anteriorly, mesopleuron antero-dorsally and apical third of metasoma yellowish brown; pterostigma and most veins of fore wing (except basally) brown (Fig. 49); wing membrane subhyaline. Male. Length of fore wing 1.7 mm, and of body 1.6 mm; vein 1-R1 1.3 �� as long as pterostigma; vein 3-SR of fore wing 3.0 �� as long as vein r (Fig. 62); length of first tergite 0.8 �� longer than its apical width; very similar but less sculptured than female (especially propodeum and metasoma behind second tergite: Fig. 63). Etymology. Named after the broadened ovipositor; ���latus��� is Latin for ���broad��� and ���cauda��� is Latin for ���tail, appendage���. Distribution. Oriental: China (Yunnan). Collected in submontane and montane forest at 540���1200 m., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on pages 487-491, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694

Key to species of Tamdaona Belobobylskij 1 Basal area of second metasomal tergite triangular and medially 0.20 �� as long as wide anteriorly, mainly punctate and distinctly protruding medio-posteriorly (Fig. 87); propodeum steep posteriorly (Fig. 83); second tergite less transverse and 1.5 �� as long as third tergite (Fig. 87); second metasomal suture narrow medially (Fig. 87); notauli narrow anteriorly (Fig. 85); [setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.15���0.20 �� as long as fore wing]................................. T. janus Belokobylskij, 1994 - Basal area of second metasomal tergite transverse, narrow triangular or circular and medially 0.10���0.15 �� as long as wide anteriorly, entirely sculptured and hardly or not protruding medio-posteriorly (Figs 71, 93, 104); propodeum gradually lowered posteriorly (Figs 65, 89, 100); second tergite more transverse and 1.2���1.3 �� as long as third tergite (Figs 71, 93, 104); second metasomal suture wider medially (Figs 71, 93, 104); notauli wider anteriorly (Figs 70, 92, 103)....................... 2 2 Vein 3-SR of fore wing about twice as long as vein r (Fig. 101); mesosoma ventrally and posteriorly black (Fig. 102); fourth and fifth metasomal tergites distinctly sculptured (Fig. 104); vein 1-R1 slightly longer than pterostigma (Fig. 101); frons with medio-longitudinal depression (Fig. 108); [setose part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.23 �� as long as fore wing]................................................................................ T. sculpturata van Achterberg, sp. n. - Vein 3-SR of fore wing 1.0���1.2 �� as long as vein r (Figs 67, 90); mesosoma ventrally and more or less also posteriorly yellowish brown (Figs 69, 91); fourth and fifth tergites largely smooth (Figs 71, 93) or superficially sculptured; vein 1-R1 1.1���1.5 �� longer than pterostigma (Figs 67, 90); frons without medio-longitudinal depression (Figs 74, 97)...................... 3 3 Setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.15���0.20 �� as long as fore wing (Fig. 89); second submarginal cell of fore wing hardly narrowed anteriorly (Fig. 90); basal area of second tergite transversely striate (Fig. 93); legs brownish yellow (Fig. 99); rim of mesoscutum brownish near tegulae (Fig. 92)......................................... T. maga Belokobylskij, 1994 - Setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.33���0.38 �� as long as fore wing (Fig. 65); second submarginal cell of fore wing distinctly narrowed anteriorly (Fig. 67); basal area of second tergite finely reticulate (Fig. 71); legs pale yellowish (Fig. 72); rim of mesoscutum dark brown near tegulae (Fig. 70).................................... T. brevizona van Achterberg, sp. n., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on pages 491-492, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694, {"references":["Belokobylskij, S. A. (1994) Contribution to the fauna of the Indo-Malayan braconid wasps of the tribe Exothecini, Pambolini and Pentatermini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta, 245 (1992), 125 - 173. [in Russian]"]}

Pseudognaptodon sinensis Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. Figs 36–47 Type material. Holotype, ♀ (NWUX), “ NW China: Shaanxi, Pingheiliang, Ningshaan, N33.47° E108.50°, 1.vii.– 17.viii.2016, 2188 m, Mal[aise] trap, Tan JL & Tan QQ, NWUX ”. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♀ with approx. 30 antennomeres (Fig. 45); basal area of second tergite rugose-reticulate and 0.10 × as long as combined second and third tergites (Fig. 40); vein SR1 of fore wing distinctly curved basally (Fig. 37); eye in dorsal view approx. 9 × as long as temple, temple directly narrowed posteriorly (Fig. 43); vein 1- R1 0.8 × as long as pterostigma; vein 1-SR of fore wing about as long as wide (Fig. 37); first and second metasomal tergites black dorsally; second metasomal suture obsolescent medially and crenulate (Fig. 40); third–fifth antennal segments mainly dark brown; first tergite widened posteriorly, approx. 0.9 × longer than its apical width (Fig. 40); scutellar sulcus distinctly crenulate (Fig. 39); vertex aciculate (Fig. 43); setose part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.6 × as long as hind basitarsus. Description. Holotype, ♀, length of fore wing 2.9 mm, and of body 2.6 mm. Head. Antenna with 30 antennomeres, scapus longer dorsally than ventrally (Figs 36, 45), length of third antennomere 1.5 × fourth antennomere, third, fourth and penultimate antennomeres 3.0, 2.0 and 1.6 × as long as wide, respectively (Figs 45, 46); maxillary and labial palpi with 5 and 3 segments, respectively; length of maxillary palp 0.9 × height of head; temple partly aciculate; hypostomal flange below mandible large and semi-circular (Fig. 44); eye 9.5 × as long as temple in dorsal view; temples directly narrowed behind eyes; OOL:diameter of posterior ocellus:POL = 16:11:9; vertex and frons transversely or obliquely aciculate and shiny, with some long setae near ocelli, without median groove; face sparsely punctulate, shiny and convex (Fig. 42); clypeus truncate medially, slightly protruding laterally, ventral rim thin, and smooth, dorsally moderately convex and with some punctures; hypoclypeal depression 0.6 × as wide as face, wide and deep; malar suture shallow; length of malar space 1.8 × basal width of mandible; mandible convex medially and smooth, strongly narrowed and twisted apically, second tooth minute (Fig. 42). Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.5 × its height; pronotum vertical anteriorly and antescutal depression absent; side of pronotum smooth, but oblique groove finely crenulate (Fig. 38); mesopleuron convex, shiny and smooth; precoxal sulcus absent; episternal scrobe absent (Fig. 38); mesosternal suture obsolescent and smooth; notauli only on vertical part of mesoscutum finely crenulate and distinctly impressed, on disc shallowly impressed anteriorly and absent on posterior half of mesoscutum, notaulic courses indicated by double row of setae; mesoscutum slightly convex, strongly shiny, and smooth; scutellar sulcus distinctly crenulate (Fig. 39); scutellum wide, slightly convex, smooth and shiny; metapleuron punctulate, but dorsally largely smooth; propodeum evenly convex, largely smooth and shiny (Fig. 39), only posteriorly with pair of short carina and medially with some faint micro-sculpture (Fig. 40). Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma wide triangular (Fig. 37); 1-M straight; 1-SR about as long as wide; 1-SR+M reduced anteriorly (Fig. 37); 1-R1 0.8 × longer than pterostigma; vein r emitted basally of middle of pterostigma and slender; r:3-SR+SR1:2-SR = 10:70:23; vein SR1 curved basally (Fig. 37); 2-M slightly shorter than 2-SR; m-cu antefurcal; 1-CU1 widened, 1.5 × longer as cu-a; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 1:5; only basal half of CU1b distinct; basal and subbasal cells of fore wing similarly setose as other cells. Hind wing: M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 18:33:13; basal and subbasal cells less densely setose than other cells; m-cu faintly indicated. Legs. Hind coxa smooth; tarsal claws rather robust and simple (Fig. 47); length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 3.5, 7.2 and 7.4 × as long as their maximum width; hind tibial spurs 0.3 and 0.4 × as long as basitarsus. Metasoma. First tergite 0.9 × longer than its apical width, gradually widened apically, convex, coarsely reticulate-rugose, shiny, dorsope absent, its dorsal carinae coarsely developed basally, interconnected by transverse rugae, converging, posteriorly weakly developed and merging in sculpture (Fig. 40); first tergite laterally with deep and round laterope above distinctly crenulate glymma (Fig. 41); second tergite mainly reticulate-punctate (including distinctly elevated narrow basal area) and basal half of third tergite punctate and longitudinally rugulose and apical half smooth (Fig. 40); basal area of second tergite transverse, narrow, reticulate-rugose and 0.1 × as long as combined second and third tergites; second metasomal suture obsolescent medially and crenulate; epipleura of 2 nd– 3 rd tergites semi-transparent (Fig. 41); 4 th– 6 th tergites basally very finely granulate and remainder smooth; ovipositor sheath subparallel-sided and apically pointed (Figs 36, 41), its setose part 0.05 × as long as fore wing, 0.35 × first tergite and 0.55 × hind basitarsus; ovipositor wide and compressed basally and gradually narrowed apically, without subapical notch or nodus (Fig. 41). Colour. Black; palpi white; clypeus, malar space, temple ventrally, tegulae, legs and scapus pale yellowish; remainder of antenna dark brown; remainder of head largely brownish yellow but medio-dorsally and posteriorly dark brown (Fig. 43); mesoscutum anteriorly and two elongate patches dorsally (Fig. 39), pronotum ventrally, mesopleuron anteriorly and wide band ventrally chestnut brown (Fig. 38); metasomal nota black (but apical one brownish yellow), pleura pale brownish and sternite whitish (Fig. 41); pterostigma (but base pale), most veins of fore wing (except basally) dark brown (Fig. 37); wing membrane subhyaline. Etymology. Named after its country of origin, China. Distribution. Palaearctic: China (Shaanxi). Collected in montane forest at 2188 m. Notes. The new species fits fairly well in the P. curticauda group (Williams 2004) but has the setose part of the ovipositor sheath longer (0.55 × hind basitarsus instead of less than 0.5 ×) and the metasoma is much more sculptured than of other members.

Neognamptodon suturalis Belokobylskij, 1999 Neognamptodon suturalis Belokobylskij, 1999: 168���169. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♀ with approx. 26 antennomeres; mesosoma reddish brown, its middle lobe sparsely setose, with elongate medio-posterior depression and anterior half of notauli crenulate; basal area of second metasomal tergite triangular and medially approx. 0.35 �� as long as wide anteriorly; area behind basal area of second tergite finely reticulate; setose part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.20 �� as long as fore wing. Distribution. Afrotropical (Madagascar)., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on page 491, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694

Neognamptodon laticauda Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. (Figs 48–64) Type material. Holotype, ♀ (NWUX), “SW. China: Yunnan, Yaoqu, Menglun, c. 540 m, 5.x.2010, 21°93’N 101°26’E, Jiangli Tan, NWUX ”. Paratype: 1 ♂ (NWUX), “SW. China: Yunnan, Yaoqu, Mengla, c. 1200 m, 28.ix.2010, 21°74’N 101°46’E, Jiangli Tan, NWUX ”. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♀ with approx. 23 antennomeres; mesoscutum with long groove-like medio-posterior depression and anterior half of notauli smooth (Fig. 51); mesosoma dark brown; vein 3-SR of fore wing 2.2–3.0 × as long as vein r (Figs 49, 62); dorsal carinae of first tergite united basally (Figs 52, 63); basal area of second metasomal tergite transverse and medially 0.13–0.15 × as long as wide anteriorly; area behind basal area of second tergite of ♀ coarsely crenulate (Fig. 52); setose part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.35 × as long as fore wing. Description. Holotype, ♀, length of fore wing 2.0 mm, and of body 2.1 mm. Head. Antenna with 23 antennomeres, scapus longer dorsally than ventrally, length of third antennomere 1.3 × fourth antennomere, third, fourth and penultimate antennomeres 3.8, 3.0 and 2.6 × as long as wide, respectively (Figs 54, 55); maxillary and labial palpi with 6 and 3 segments, respectively; length of maxillary palp equal to height of head; temple smooth; hypostomal flange narrow (Fig. 58); eye 3.6 × as long as temple in dorsal view; temples directly narrowed behind eyes; OOL:diameter of posterior ocellus:POL = 42:19:19; vertex and frons smooth and shiny, without median groove; face smooth, shiny and convex (Fig. 56); clypeus truncate medially, slightly protruding and ventral rim thin, medially punctulate and shiny; hypoclypeal depression 0.4 × as wide as face, wide and deep; malar suture absent; length of malar space 1.2 × basal width of mandible; mandible flat medially and smooth, strongly narrowed and twisted apically and ventro-basally widened (Fig. 58). Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.5 × its height; pronotum subhorizontal anteriorly, antescutal depression absent, with narrow crenulated groove and with anterior lamella medially widened (Fig. 57); side of pronotum smooth, but oblique groove finely crenulate (Fig. 50); mesopleuron convex, shiny and smooth; precoxal sulcus present submedially as finely crenulate oblique groove; episternal scrobe large and linear (Fig. 50); pleural sulcus crenulate; mesosternal suture deep and finely crenulate; notauli nearly complete, smooth and distinctly impressed, and posteriorly with medium-sized longitudinal groove in between (Fig. 51); with some setae along notauli and on middle lobe of mesoscutum, mesoscutal lobes distinctly convex, strongly shiny and smooth; scutellar sulcus distinctly crenulate (Fig. 51); scutellum wide triangular, slightly convex, smooth, setose and shiny; metapleuron largely smooth and setose; propodeum evenly convex, largely rugulose, medio-longitudinal carina long and posteriorly connected to a small areola (Fig. 51). Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma elongate triangular (Fig. 49); 1-M straight; 1-SR longer than wide; 1-SR+M present anteriorly; 1-R1 1.7 × longer than pterostigma; vein r emitted near middle of pterostigma and slender; r:3-SR:SR1:2-SR = 9:20:98:23; vein SR1 straight; m-cu distinctly antefurcal; 1-CU1 widened, shorter than cu-a; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 1:17; CU1b complete, medium-sized; basal and subbasal cells of fore wing similarly setose as other cells. Hind wing: M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 9:43:14; basal and subbasal cells similarly setose as other cells; m-cu absent. Legs. Hind coxa smooth; tarsal claws rather robust and simple (Fig. 59); length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 4.6, 11.3 and 9.0 × as long as their maximum width; hind tibial spurs 0.20 and 0.25 × as long as basitarsus. Metasoma. First tergite 0.8 × longer than its apical width, gradually widened apically, convex, reticulate-rugulose, shiny, dorsope absent, its dorsal carinae united basally (Fig. 52); first tergite laterally with deep and round laterope in smooth glymma; second and third tergites mainly reticulate-rugulose (including basal area, but behind area crenulate, third tergite becoming granulate posteriorly) and third tergite with antero-lateral grooves (Fig. 52); basal area of second tergite transverse, narrow, reticulate-rugulose and medially approx. 0.15 × as long as wide anteriorly and 0.07 × as long as combined second and third tergites; second metasomal suture distinct medially and finely crenulate; epipleura of second–third tergites semi-transparent; fourth and fifth tergites largely finely granulate; ovipositor sheath widened apically (Fig. 53) and its apex rounded, setose part 0.33 × as long as fore wing, 2.4 × first tergite and 2.1 × hind basitarsus; ovipositor compressed and both valves subapically widened, resulting in a distinct subapical nodus (Fig. 53). Colour. Dark brown; palpi whitish; scapus, tegulae, legs (but telotarsi infuscated) and metasoma ventrally pale yellowish; head (but stemmaticum dark brown), propleuron, pronotum anteriorly, mesopleuron antero-dorsally and apical third of metasoma yellowish brown; pterostigma and most veins of fore wing (except basally) brown (Fig. 49); wing membrane subhyaline. Male. Length of fore wing 1.7 mm, and of body 1.6 mm; vein 1-R1 1.3 × as long as pterostigma; vein 3-SR of fore wing 3.0 × as long as vein r (Fig. 62); length of first tergite 0.8 × longer than its apical width; very similar but less sculptured than female (especially propodeum and metasoma behind second tergite: Fig. 63). Etymology. Named after the broadened ovipositor; “latus” is Latin for “broad” and “cauda” is Latin for “tail, appendage”. Distribution. Oriental: China (Yunnan). Collected in submontane and montane forest at 540–1200 m.

Pseudognaptodon curvinervis van Achterberg, sp. n. Figs 12���23 Type material. Holotype, ♂ (RMNH), ���S. Vietnam: Lam Dong, Bidoup Nuiba N.P., n[ea]r Da Lat, 1065���1700 m, Mal[aise] trap[s] 1���12, 11���19.x.2005, C. v. Achterberg & R. de Vries, RMNH���05���. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♂ with approx. 18 antennomeres; basal area of second tergite smooth, transverse, oblique and 0.10 �� as long as combined second and third tergites (Fig. 16); vein SR1 of fore wing evenly curved (Fig. 14); eye in dorsal view approx. 2.2 �� as long as temple, temple roundly narrowed posteriorly (Fig. 20); vein 1-R1 1.5 �� as long as pterostigma; vein 1-SR of fore wing longer than wide; first and second metasomal tergites brownish yellow and largely longitudinally rugose (except basal area); second metasomal suture distinctly crenulate; first tergite widened posteriorly, its length about equal to its apical width (Fig. 16); scutellar sulcus finely crenulate (Fig. 16); vertex smooth and frons granulate (Fig. 20). Description. Holotype, ♂, length of fore wing 1.3 mm, and of body 1.6 mm. Head. Antenna with 18 antennomeres, scapus longer dorsally than ventrally, length of third antennomere 1.2 �� fourth antennomere, third, fourth and penultimate antennomeres 3.4, 2.9 and 2.5 �� as long as wide, respectively (Figs 22, 23); maxillary and labial palpi with 6 and 3 segments, respectively; length of maxillary palp 0.8 �� height of head; temple smooth and hypostomal flange narrow (Fig. 21); eye 2.2 �� as long as temple in dorsal view; temples roundly narrowed behind eyes (Fig. 20); OOL:diameter of posterior ocellus:POL = 14:7:8; vertex smooth, remotely setose and shiny; frons granulate, glabrous and shiny, without median groove; face smooth, shiny and evenly convex (Fig. 19); clypeus truncate ventro-medially, flattened, and ventral rim thin, remainder convex and smooth; hypoclypeal depression 0.5 �� as wide as face and deep; malar suture absent; length of malar space 1.7 �� basal width of mandible; mandible flattened medially and smooth, strongly narrowed and twisted apically. Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.4 �� its height; pronotum nearly vertical anteriorly and antescutal depression absent; side of pronotum smooth, including oblique groove (Fig. 15); mesopleuron convex, shiny and smooth; precoxal sulcus absent; episternal scrobe present, linear (Fig. 12); mesosternal suture moderately and smooth; notauli nearly complete (becoming posteriorly obsolescent), smooth and shallow, remaining separated posteriorly and in between no groove, but mesoscutum medio-anteriorly shallowly longitudinally impressed; mesoscutum strongly shiny, smooth, only antero-laterally and near notauli setose; scutellar sulcus finely crenulate (Fig. 16); scutellum wide, slightly convex, smooth and shiny; metapleuron largely smooth; propodeum evenly convex, smooth and shiny (Fig. 17). Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma triangular (Fig. 14); 1-M straight; 1-SR longer than wide; 1-SR+M reduced anteriorly; 1-R1 1.5 �� longer than pterostigma; vein r emitted slightly behind middle of pterostigma and slender; r:3-SR+SR1:2-SR = 7:90:25; vein SR1 evenly curved (Fig. 14); 2-M distinctly longer than 2-SR; m-cu antefurcal; 1-CU1 and cu-a widened, subequal; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 1:7; CU1b slightly indicated basally; basal and subbasal cells of fore wing similarly setose as other cells. Hind wing: M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 10:16:5; all cells equally densely setose; m-cu not indicated; 2-SC+R somewhat widened apically (Fig. 14). Legs. Hind coxa smooth; hind femur with long setae ventrally; tarsal claws medium-sized and simple; length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 3.8, 7.0 and 4.8 �� as long as their maximum width; hind tibial spurs 0.30 and 0.35 �� as long as basitarsus. Metasoma. First tergite as long as its apical width, gradually widened apically, convex, largely irregularly longitudinally rugose, shiny, dorsope absent, its dorsal carinae coarsely developed basally and basally rather protruding, distinctly converging, nearly up to apex of tergite (Fig. 16); first tergite laterally with indistinct laterope in finely crenulate glymma; second tergite (except basal area and apically) and basal half of third tergite longitudinally rugose (except smooth areas antero-laterally: Fig. 17); basal area of second tergite transverse, oblique, smooth and 0.10 �� as long as combined second and third tergites; second metasomal suture distinctly crenulate; epipleura of 2 nd��� 3 rd tergites semi-transparent (Fig. 18); apical half of third and following tergites convex and smooth (Fig. 17), except for transverse basal groove of fourth tergite; remainder of metasoma smooth. Colour. Yellowish brown; palpi white; four basal antennal segments, tegulae, metasoma (but basal area of second tergite, third tergite, fourth tergite except apically dark brown) and legs (but telotarsi and hind basitarsus infuscated or dark brown) pale yellowish or brownish yellow; remainder of antenna blackish; mesoscutum anteriorly, scutellum posteriorly and metanotum rather dark brown (Fig. 16); pterostigma and most veins of fore wing (except basally) brown; wing membrane subhyaline.] Etymology. Named after one of its distinctive characters: the curved vein 3-SR+SR1 of the fore wing. Distribution. Vietnam. Collected in open montane forest at 1065���1700 m., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on pages 478-481, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694

Pseudognaptodon ruficeps Belokobylskij, 1993 Pseudognaptodon ruficeps Belokobylskij, 1993: 43���44. Diagnosis. Antenna with 16���17 (♀) or 18 (♂) antennomeres, with 4 (♂)���5 (♀) basal segments yellow; eye in dorsal view 1.8���2.2 �� as long as temple; mesosoma light brown dorsally; pterostigma slender and vein r emitted distinctly before middle of pterostigma (Fig. 33 in Belokobylskij 1993); vein 3-SR+SR1 of fore wing nearly straight; first metasomal tergite subparallel-sided posteriorly; first and second tergites largely longitudinally striate and yellow dorsally; basal area of second tergite 0.1 �� as long as combined second and third tergites and smooth; second metasomal suture smooth. Distribution. Oriental: Vietnam., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on page 483, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694

Neognamptodon Belokobylskij, 1999 (Figs 48���64) Neognamptodon Belokobylskij, 1999: 167���168. Type species (by original designation): Neognamptodon suturalis Belokobylskij, 1999. Diagnosis. Antenna with 23���26 antennomeres; occipital carina absent laterally (Fig. 58); pronotum without distinct pronope, only with a transverse crenulated groove (Figs 57, 64); setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.20���0.35 �� as long as fore wing. Distribution. Afrotropical (Madagascar), Australian (Papua New Guinea), Oriental (China). The genus is new for the Oriental region and for the fauna of China. Notes. Gnamptodon novobritannicus Fischer, 1971, from Bismarck Archipelago does not fit in Gnamptodon Haliday because of the presence of the medio-longitudinal carina of the propodeum, the only slightly oblique vein 3-CU1 of fore wing, the well-developed precoxal sulcus, the strongly converging dorsal carinae of the first tergite and the long ovipositor (longer than half length of metasoma). It is transferred to Neognamptodon Belokobylskij, where it fits much better and N. novobritannicus (Fischer, 1971) becomes a new combination., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on pages 486-487, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694

Tamdaona sculpturata van Achterberg, sp. n. (Figs 100���110) Type material. Holotype, ♀ (RMNH), ��� S. Vietnam: Dong Nai, C��t Ti��n, N.P., Bird trail, Mal [aise] trap[s] 30���35, c. 100 m, 15���20.v.2007, C. v. Achterberg & R. de Vries, RMNH���07���. Paratype: 1 ♂ (RMNH), topotypic, but Ficus trail, 9���30.iv.2007, M.P. Quy & N. T. Manh. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♀ with approx. 28 antennomeres (Fig. 100); frons with medio-longitudinal depression (Fig. 107); pronope large (Fig. 103); notauli rather wide anteriorly (Fig. 103); rim of mesoscutum brownish near tegulae; mesosoma ventrally and posteriorly black; propodeum gradually lowered posteriorly (Fig. 102); vein 3-SR of fore wing about twice as long as vein r (Fig. 101); vein 1-R1 slightly longer than pterostigma (Fig. 101); basal area of second metasomal tergite transverse, circular and medially 0.10���0.15 �� as long as wide anteriorly, entirely sculptured and hardly or not protruding medio-posteriorly (Fig. 104); second metasomal suture widened medially; fourth and fifth metasomal tergites distinctly sculptured (Figs 100, 104); setose part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.23 �� as long as fore wing (Figs 100, 105). Description. Holotype, ♀, length of fore wing 2.0 mm, and of body 2.4 mm. Head. Antenna with 28 antennomeres, scapus longer dorsally than ventrally, length of third antennomere 1.1 �� fourth antennomere, third, fourth and penultimate antennomeres 2.2, 2.0 and 1.4 �� as long as wide, respectively (Figs 106, 110); maxillary and labial palpi with 6 and 4 segments, respectively; length of maxillary palp 0.8 �� height of head; temple smooth; hypostomal flange narrow; eye 2.3 �� as long as temple in dorsal view; temples directly narrowed behind eyes (Fig. 108); OOL:diameter of posterior ocellus:POL = 15:9:8; vertex largely smooth, distinctly setose and shiny; frons with median groove, medially largely smooth and shiny, but flat area near antennal sockets rugose and convex part behind it remotely punctate; face remotely punctate and superficially rugose, shiny and irregularly convex (Fig. 107); clypeus truncate medially and ventral rim thin, moderately convex and smooth; hypoclypeal depression 0.4 �� as wide as face, medium-sized and rather shallow; malar suture absent; length of malar space 1.5 �� basal width of mandible; mandible rather flat medially and smooth, strongly narrowed and twisted apically. Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.7 �� its height; pronotum anteriorly largely horizontal and with large slit-like pronope (Fig. 103); side of pronotum smooth, but with carina and micro-crenulae anteriorly (Fig. 102); mesopleuron convex, shiny and smooth; precoxal sulcus long and curved, medially with some crenulae; episternal scrobe long and linear; pleural sulcus finely crenulate; mesosternal suture deep, medium-sized and coarsely crenulate; mesosternum punctate; notauli complete but shallow posteriorly, finely crenulate anteriorly and smooth posteriorly, moderately wide (Fig. 103); mesoscutum convex, strongly shiny, and superficially punctate or punctulate, entirely conspicuously setose and medio-posteriorly with longitudinal groove plus some striae between notauli; scutellar sulcus slightly narrowed laterally and with 5 medium-sized crenulae (Fig. 103); scutellum wide, convex, conspicuously setose, largely punctate and shiny; metapleuron largely finely and densely reticulate-rugose; propodeum anteriorly convex and about as long as posterior part, moderately shiny and coarsely reticulate-rugose (Fig. 104), posteriorly with pair of anteriorly converging carinae and anterior half with medio-longitudinal carina. Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma wide triangular (Fig. 101); second submarginal cell slightly narrowed anteriorly (Fig. 101); 1-SR much longer than wide; 1-SR+M present anteriorly; 1-R1 1.1 �� longer than pterostigma; vein r emitted just before middle of pterostigma and slender; r:3-SR:SR1:2-SR = 10:22:78:27; vein SR1 nearly straight; m-cu distinctly antefurcal; 1-CU1 widened, shorter than cu-a; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 6:49; CU1b complete; basal and subbasal cells of fore wing similarly setose as other cells. Hind wing: M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 7:12:4; basal and subbasal cells less densely setose than other cells; m-cu distinctly indicated. Legs. Hind coxa smooth; tarsal claws medium-sized and simple (Fig. 105); length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 3.6, 7.9 and 5.9 �� as long as their maximum width; hind tibial spurs 0.30 and 0.35 �� as long as basitarsus. Metasoma. First tergite 0.8 �� longer than its apical width, gradually widened apically, convex, coarsely reticulate rugose, shiny, dorsope absent, its dorsal carinae coarsely developed basally, strongly converging, posteriorly merging in sculpture (Fig. 104); first tergite laterally with deep elliptical laterope in smooth glymma (Fig. 100); second tergite and most of third tergite coarsely reticulate-rugose (including basal area), following tergites largely rugose but much less pronounced than on second tergite (Fig. 104); basal area of second tergite transverse, narrow hemicircular and medially 0.14 �� as long as combined second and third tergites; second metasomal suture and antero-lateral grooves of third tergite distinct and coarsely crenulate (Fig. 104); epipleura of second and third tergites semi-transparent; ovipositor sheath subparallel-sided and apically pointed, its setose part 0.23 �� as long as fore wing, 1.2 �� first tergite and 1.6 �� hind basitarsus; ovipositor moderately compressed and hardly widened subapically, with small subapical nodus (Fig. 100). Colour. Yellowish brown; palpi and metasoma ventrally (except apically) white; scapus largely, pedicellus ventrally, mouthparts, clypeus, tegulae and legs (but telotarsi dark brown) pale yellowish; remainder of antenna, stemmaticum, mesosternum, metanotum, propodeum, first tergite (except latero-posteriorly), second���fifth tergites (except laterally) dark brown; pterostigma (but pale brown apically) and most veins of fore wing (except basally) brown; wing membrane subhyaline. Male. Paratype: length of fore wing 1.8 mm and of body 2.3 mm; antenna with 25 segments; very similar to holotype, but pronotum dorsally, mesoscutum partly, scutellum, sixth and seventh tergites dark brown or brown; mesosoma 1.5 �� longer than high; vein 3-SR of fore wing twice as long as vein r. Etymology. Named after its extensively sculptured metasoma. Distribution. Oriental: Vietnam. Collected in lowland forest at 100 m., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on pages 498-506, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694, {"references":["van Achterberg, C. (1993) Illustrated key to the subfamilies of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 283, 1 - 189.","van Achterberg, C. (1983) Revisionary notes on the subfamily Gnaptodontinae, with description of eleven new species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 126, 25 - 57."]}

Tamdaona brevizona van Achterberg, sp. n. Figs 65���78) Type material. Holotype, ♀ (RMNH), ��� Vietnam: Ninh Th��n, N��i Ch��a N.P., dry south part, 100���180 m, Mal[aise] traps], 22���29.v.2007, C. v. Achterberg & R. de Vries, RMNH���07���. Paratypes: 1 ♀ (IEBR), with same data as ho- lotype; 1 ♀ (RMNH), ��� S. Vietnam: Dak Lak, Chu Yang Sin N.P., n[ea] r dam, c. 500 m, c. 500 m, Mal[aise] traps], 3���9.vi.2007, C. v. Achterberg & R. de Vries, RMNH���07���. Description. Holotype, ♀, length of fore wing 1.8 mm, and of body 2.2 mm. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♀ with 20 or 21 antennomeres (Fig. 65); frons without medio-longitudinal depression (Fig. 74); rim of mesoscutum dark brown near tegulae (Fig. 70); notauli rather wide anteriorly (Fig. 70); mesosoma ventrally and more or less posteriorly yellowish brown (Fig. 69); propodeum gradually lowered posteriorly (Fig. 65); vein 3-SR of fore wing 1.1���1.2 �� as long as vein r (Fig. 67); vein 1-R1 1.1���1.3 �� longer than pterostigma (Fig. 67); second submarginal cell of fore wing distinctly narrowed anteriorly (Figs 65, 67); legs pale yellowish; basal area of second metasomal tergite transverse and finely reticulate (Fig. 71), narrow and medially 0.10���0.15 �� as long as wide anteriorly, hardly or not protruding medio-posteriorly (Fig. 71); second tergite rather transverse and 1.2���1.3 �� as long as third tergite (Fig. 71); second metasomal suture rather wide medially (Fig. 71); fourth and fifth tergites largely smooth (Figs 71); setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.33���0.38 �� as long as fore wing (Fig. 65). Head. Antenna with 21 antennomeres, scapus longer dorsally than ventrally (Fig. 65), length of third antennomere 1.2 �� fourth antennomere, third, fourth and penultimate antennomeres 2.7, 2.3 and 2.0 �� as long as wide, respectively (Figs 76, 77); maxillary and labial palpi with 6 and 4 segments, respectively; length of maxillary palp equal to height of head; temple smooth; hypostomal flange narrow; eye 4.0 �� as long as temple in dorsal view; temples directly narrowed behind eyes (Fig. 74); OOL:diameter of posterior ocellus:POL = 30:14:14; vertex and frons largely smooth and shiny, but near eye superficially micro-sculptured and vertex distinctly setose; face remotely punctulate, shiny and convex (Fig. 73); clypeus truncate medially and ventral rim thin, medially moderately convex and with some punctures; hypoclypeal depression 0.4 �� as wide as face, medium-sized and rather shallow; malar suture absent; length of malar space 1.2 �� basal width of mandible; mandible rather flat medially and smooth, strongly narrowed and twisted apically. Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.5 �� its height; pronotum partly horizontal anteriorly and with large slit-like pronope (Fig. 70); side of pronotum smooth, but with some crenulae anteriorly (Fig. 69); mesopleuron convex, shiny and smooth; precoxal sulcus present as short oblique groove medially with some fine crenulae; episternal scrobe present, linear; pleural sulcus smooth except for some indistinct micro-crenulation ventrally; mesosternal suture deep, narrow and micro-crenulate; notauli complete, smooth, moderately wide and distinctly impressed (Fig. 70); mesoscutum convex, strongly shiny, and largely smooth, setose except middle of lateral lobes and medio-posteriorly with longitudinal groove between notauli; scutellar sulcus narrowed laterally and with one long crenula and some micro-crenulation (Fig. 70); scutellum wide, distinctly convex, setose, largely smooth and shiny; metapleuron largely smooth; propodeum evenly convex, shiny and largely smooth but dorsally micro-sculptured and some rugulae (Fig. 71), only posteriorly with pair of short carina and anterior half with medio-longitudinal carina. Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma triangular (Fig. 67); second submarginal cell distinctly narrowed anteriorly (Fig. 67); 1-SR much longer than wide; 1-SR+M present anteriorly, but very narrow; 1-R1 1.3 �� longer than pterostigma; vein r emitted from middle of pterostigma and slender; r:3-SR:SR1:2-SR = 10:11:64:20; vein SR1 nearly straight; m-cu antefurcal; 1-CU1 widened, about as long as cu-a; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 1:7; CU1b complete; basal and subbasal cells of fore wing similarly setose as other cells. Hind wing: M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 21:40:13; basal and subbasal cells less densely setose than other cells; m-cu faintly indicated. Legs. Hind coxa smooth; tarsal claws medium-sized and simple (Fig. 78); length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 3.6, 8.8 and 5.1 �� as long as their maximum width; hind tibial spurs 0.35 �� as long as basitarsus. Metasoma. First tergite 0.9 �� longer than its apical width, gradually widened apically, convex, densely rugulose, shiny, dorsope absent, its dorsal carinae coarsely developed basally, converging, posteriorly weakly developed and merging in sculpture (Fig. 71); first tergite laterally with deep elliptical laterope in smooth glymma; second tergite and most of third tergite densely reticulate-rugulose (including basal area), following tergites largely smooth (Fig. 71); basal area of second tergite transverse and finely reticulate, narrow triangular and medially 0.13 �� as long as combined second and third tergites; second metasomal suture and antero-lateral grooves of third tergite distinct and crenulate (Fig. 71); epipleura of second and third tergites semi-transparent; ovipositor sheath subparallel-sided and apically pointed, its setose part 0.38 �� as long as fore wing, 2.2 �� first tergite and 4.0 �� hind basitarsus; ovipositor slightly compressed and hardly widened subapically, with small subapical nodus. Colour. Yellowish brown; palpi, mouth parts and metasoma ventrally (except apically) white; scapus largely, pedicellus ventrally, tegulae and legs (but telotarsi dark brown) pale yellowish; remainder of antenna, stemmaticum, narrow stripe in front of tegulae, metanotum, propodeum, first tergite (except posteriorly), second tergite (except laterally) and third tergite medio-anteriorly dark brown or brown; pterostigma and most veins of fore wing (except basally) brown; wing membrane subhyaline. Variation. Length of fore wing 1.7���1.9 mm and of body 2.2���2.4 mm; antennal segments of ♀ 20(1), 21(1); se- tose part of ovipositor sheath 0.33���0.38 �� as long as fore wing; propodeum brown or dark brown; fourth metasomal tergite smooth or faintly micro-sculptured. Etymology. Named after the comparatively short basal area of the second tergite: ���brevis��� is Latin for ���short��� and ���zona��� for ���area���. Distribution. Oriental: Vietnam. Collected in coastal open forest at 100���180 m and lowland forest at 500 m., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on pages 492-493, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694

Pseudognaptodon bidoupensis van Achterberg, sp. n. Figs 1���11 Type material. Holotype, ♀ (RMNH), ���S. Vietnam: Lam Dong, Bidoup Nuiba N.P., n[ea]r Da Lat, 1065���1700 m, Mal[aise] trap[s] 1���12, 11���19.x.2005, C. v. Achterberg & R. de Vries, RMNH���05���. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♀ with approx. 20 antennomeres (Fig. 1); basal area of second tergite smooth, transverse and 0.10 �� as long as combined second and third tergites (Fig. 5); vein SR1 of fore wing only basally curved (Fig. 2); eye in dorsal view twice as long as temple, temple roundly narrowed posteriorly (Fig. 8); vein 1-R1 1.2 �� as long as pterostigma; vein 3-SR+SR1 of fore wing only basally distinctly curved; first and second metasomal tergites black dorsally and largely longitudinally rugose, except posteriorly; second metasomal suture distinct medially and crenulate; first tergite widened posteriorly, approx. 0.8 �� longer than its apical width (Fig. 5); scutellar sulcus finely crenulate (Fig. 4); vertex smooth and shiny, frons granulate (Fig. 8). Description. Holotype, ♀, length of fore wing 1.7 mm, and of body 1.8 mm. Head. Antenna with 20 antennomeres, scapus shorter dorsally than ventrally, length of third antennomere 1.2 �� fourth antennomere, third, fourth and penultimate antennomeres 4.3, 3.5 and 2.5 �� as long as wide, respectively (Figs 10, 11); maxillary and labial palpi with 6 and 4 segments, respectively; length of maxillary palp 1.1 �� height of head; temple smooth; hypostomal flange narrow (Fig. 9); eye twice as long as temple in dorsal view; temples roundly narrowed behind eyes (Fig. 8); OOL:diameter of posterior ocellus:POL = 33:13:18; vertex smooth, remotely setose and shiny; frons granulate, glabrous and shiny, without median groove (Fig. 8); face smooth and shiny, evenly convex (Fig. 7); clypeus nearly truncate medially and ventral rim thin, remainder moderately convex and smooth; hypoclypeal depression 0.5 �� as wide as face and deep; malar suture absent; length of malar space 1.7 �� basal width of mandible; mandible weakly convex medially, strongly narrowed and twisted apically. Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.3 �� its height; pronotum nearly vertical anteriorly and antescutal depression absent; side of pronotum smooth, but oblique groove crenulate anteriorly; mesopleuron convex, shiny and smooth; precoxal sulcus absent; episternal scrobe present, linear (Fig. 1); mesosternal suture rather deep and smooth; notauli complete, narrow, smooth and posteriorly shallowly impressed, and in between no groove (Fig. 4), but antero-medially shallowly longitudinally impressed; mesoscutum strongly shiny, smooth, only antero-laterally and near notauli with some long setae; scutellar sulcus finely crenulate (Fig. 4); scutellum wide, slightly convex, smooth and shiny; metapleuron largely smooth; propodeum evenly convex, smooth and shiny (Fig. 4). Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma triangular (Fig. 2); 1-M straight; 1-SR longer than wide; 1-SR+M present anteriorly; 1-R1 1.2 �� longer than pterostigma; vein r emitted slightly basad of middle of pterostigma and slender; r:3-SR+SR1:2-SR = 3:46:13; vein SR1 only basally curved and remainder straight (Fig. 2); vein 2-M of fore wing as long as vein 2-SR (Fig. 2); m-cu slightly antefurcal; 1-CU1 and cu-a widened, subequal; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 1:10; CU1b absent; basal and subbasal cells of fore wing similarly setose as other cells. Hind wing: M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 10:18:5; all cells equally densely setose; m-cu not indicated; 2-SC+R slightly widened (Fig. 2). Legs. Hind coxa smooth; tarsal claws rather robust and simple; length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 3.4, 6.2 and 5.7 �� as long as their maximum width; hind tibial spurs 0.30 and 0.35 �� as long as basitarsus. Metasoma. First tergite 0.8 �� longer than its apical width, gradually widened apically, convex, largely longitudinally rugose, shiny, dorsope absent, its dorsal carinae coarsely developed basally and protruding, strongly converging, posteriorly present (Fig. 5); first tergite laterally with medium-sized laterope in distinctly crenulate glymma; second and third tergites mainly longitudinally rugose, but basal area, second tergite posteriorly and apical half of third tergite smooth (Fig. 5); basal area of second tergite transverse, medium-sized, smooth and 0.1 �� as long as combined second and third tergites; third tergite without oblique antero-lateral grooves, but with smooth areas (Fig. 5); second metasomal suture distinct medially and coarsely crenulate; epipleura of 2 nd��� 3 rd tergites transparent (Fig. 1); remainder of metasoma smooth, except for finely crenulate transverse groove of fourth tergite; length of ovipositor sheath 0.10 �� fore wing. Colour. Black; palpi white; scapus, pedicellus, tegulae, metasoma ventrally and legs (but apex of hind basitarsus, remainder of hind tarsus and telotarsi infuscated or dark brown) pale yellowish; head (except dark brown medio-dorsal part), third and fourth antennal segments, fifth and sixth tergites brownish yellow (Fig. 1); metasoma pale brownish and whitish ventrally (Fig. 1); pterostigma and ovipositor sheath dark brown; as most veins of fore wing (except basally); wing membrane subhyaline. Etymology. Named after its type locality in southern Vietnam. Distribution. Vietnam. Collected in open montane forest at 1065���1700 m., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on pages 475-478, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694

Tamdaona Belokobylskij, 1994 (Figs 65���110) Tamdaona Belokobylskij, 1993b: 158 (nom. nud.; in Avgini), 1994: 126���128 (in Exothecini). Type species (by original designation): Tamdaona janus Belokobylskij, 1994., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on page 491, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694, {"references":["Belokobylskij, S. A. (1994) Contribution to the fauna of the Indo-Malayan braconid wasps of the tribe Exothecini, Pambolini and Pentatermini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta, 245 (1992), 125 - 173. [in Russian]","Belokobylskij, S. A. (1993 b) On the classification and phylogeny of the braconid wasps subfamilies Doryctinae and Exothecinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Entomological Review, 74 (4), 26 - 48."]}

Tribe Gnamptodontini Fischer, 1970 (Figs 1���47, 143���163), Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on page 474, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694, {"references":["Fischer, M. (1970) Probleme der Systematik bei den Opiinae (Hym,. Braconidae). Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen, 22 (3), 81 - 88."]}

Tamdaona maga Belokobylskij, 1994 (Figs 89���99) Tamdaona janus Belokobylskij, 1994: 130���132. Type material. Holotype, ♀ (RMNH), ��� Malaysia -SE. Sabah, n[ea]r Danum Valley Field C[entre], WoN1, c. 140 m, Mal. trap 13, 24.ii���24.iii.1987, C. v. Achterberg, RMNH ���, ��� Holotypus Tamdaona maga Belokobylskij ���, ��� RMNH. INS 108825 ���. Diagnosis. Frons without medio-longitudinal depression (Fig. 97); pronope large (Fig. 97); notauli rather wide anteriorly (Fig. 92); rim of mesoscutum brownish near tegulae (Fig. 92); mesosoma ventrally and posteriorly yellowish brown; propodeum gradually lowered posteriorly (Fig. 91); vein 3-SR of fore wing about as long as vein r (Fig. 90); vein 1-R1 1.5 �� longer than pterostigma (Figs xx); second submarginal cell of fore wing hardly narrowed anteriorly (Fig. 89); legs brownish yellow; basal area of second tergite transverse and striate, medially 0.10���0.15 �� as long as wide anteriorly, hardly or not protruding medio-posteriorly (Fig. 94); second tergite rather transverse and approx. 1.3 �� as long as third tergite (Fig. 89); second metasomal suture widened medially (Fig. 93); fourth and fifth tergites superficially sculptured (Fig. 93); setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.15���0.20 �� as long as fore wing (Fig. 89). Distribution. Oriental: Malaysia (East Malaysia: Sabah). Collected in lowland forest at c. 140 m., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on page 498, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694, {"references":["Belokobylskij, S. A. (1994) Contribution to the fauna of the Indo-Malayan braconid wasps of the tribe Exothecini, Pambolini and Pentatermini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta, 245 (1992), 125 - 173. [in Russian]"]}

Neognamptodon novobritannicus (Fischer, 1971) comb. n. Gnaptodon novobritannicus Fischer, 1971: 21 (as G. novobritanicus), 22; 1978: 397; 1987: 710–711. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♀ with approx. 26 antennomeres; mesoscutum black, densely and long setose, without medio-posterior depression and anterior half of notauli crenulate; vein 3-SR of fore wing approx. 1.5 × as long as vein r (Fig. 581 in Fischer 1987); dorsal carinae of first tergite remained separated basally; basal area of second metasomal tergite transverse and medially 0.13–0.15 × as long as wide anteriorly; area behind basal area of second tergite densely granulate-rugulose; setose part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.25 × as long as fore wing, longer than first tergite. Distribution. Australian (Papua New Guinea: New Britain).

Pseudognaptodon sinensis Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. Figs 36���47 Type material. Holotype, ♀ (NWUX), ��� NW China: Shaanxi, Pingheiliang, Ningshaan, N33.47�� E108.50��, 1.vii.��� 17.viii.2016, 2188 m, Mal[aise] trap, Tan JL & Tan QQ, NWUX ���. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♀ with approx. 30 antennomeres (Fig. 45); basal area of second tergite rugose-reticulate and 0.10 �� as long as combined second and third tergites (Fig. 40); vein SR1 of fore wing distinctly curved basally (Fig. 37); eye in dorsal view approx. 9 �� as long as temple, temple directly narrowed posteriorly (Fig. 43); vein 1- R1 0.8 �� as long as pterostigma; vein 1-SR of fore wing about as long as wide (Fig. 37); first and second metasomal tergites black dorsally; second metasomal suture obsolescent medially and crenulate (Fig. 40); third���fifth antennal segments mainly dark brown; first tergite widened posteriorly, approx. 0.9 �� longer than its apical width (Fig. 40); scutellar sulcus distinctly crenulate (Fig. 39); vertex aciculate (Fig. 43); setose part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.6 �� as long as hind basitarsus. Description. Holotype, ♀, length of fore wing 2.9 mm, and of body 2.6 mm. Head. Antenna with 30 antennomeres, scapus longer dorsally than ventrally (Figs 36, 45), length of third antennomere 1.5 �� fourth antennomere, third, fourth and penultimate antennomeres 3.0, 2.0 and 1.6 �� as long as wide, respectively (Figs 45, 46); maxillary and labial palpi with 5 and 3 segments, respectively; length of maxillary palp 0.9 �� height of head; temple partly aciculate; hypostomal flange below mandible large and semi-circular (Fig. 44); eye 9.5 �� as long as temple in dorsal view; temples directly narrowed behind eyes; OOL:diameter of posterior ocellus:POL = 16:11:9; vertex and frons transversely or obliquely aciculate and shiny, with some long setae near ocelli, without median groove; face sparsely punctulate, shiny and convex (Fig. 42); clypeus truncate medially, slightly protruding laterally, ventral rim thin, and smooth, dorsally moderately convex and with some punctures; hypoclypeal depression 0.6 �� as wide as face, wide and deep; malar suture shallow; length of malar space 1.8 �� basal width of mandible; mandible convex medially and smooth, strongly narrowed and twisted apically, second tooth minute (Fig. 42). Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.5 �� its height; pronotum vertical anteriorly and antescutal depression absent; side of pronotum smooth, but oblique groove finely crenulate (Fig. 38); mesopleuron convex, shiny and smooth; precoxal sulcus absent; episternal scrobe absent (Fig. 38); mesosternal suture obsolescent and smooth; notauli only on vertical part of mesoscutum finely crenulate and distinctly impressed, on disc shallowly impressed anteriorly and absent on posterior half of mesoscutum, notaulic courses indicated by double row of setae; mesoscutum slightly convex, strongly shiny, and smooth; scutellar sulcus distinctly crenulate (Fig. 39); scutellum wide, slightly convex, smooth and shiny; metapleuron punctulate, but dorsally largely smooth; propodeum evenly convex, largely smooth and shiny (Fig. 39), only posteriorly with pair of short carina and medially with some faint micro-sculpture (Fig. 40). Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma wide triangular (Fig. 37); 1-M straight; 1-SR about as long as wide; 1-SR+M reduced anteriorly (Fig. 37); 1-R1 0.8 �� longer than pterostigma; vein r emitted basally of middle of pterostigma and slender; r:3-SR+SR1:2-SR = 10:70:23; vein SR1 curved basally (Fig. 37); 2-M slightly shorter than 2-SR; m-cu antefurcal; 1-CU1 widened, 1.5 �� longer as cu-a; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 1:5; only basal half of CU1b distinct; basal and subbasal cells of fore wing similarly setose as other cells. Hind wing: M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 18:33:13; basal and subbasal cells less densely setose than other cells; m-cu faintly indicated. Legs. Hind coxa smooth; tarsal claws rather robust and simple (Fig. 47); length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 3.5, 7.2 and 7.4 �� as long as their maximum width; hind tibial spurs 0.3 and 0.4 �� as long as basitarsus. Metasoma. First tergite 0.9 �� longer than its apical width, gradually widened apically, convex, coarsely reticulate-rugose, shiny, dorsope absent, its dorsal carinae coarsely developed basally, interconnected by transverse rugae, converging, posteriorly weakly developed and merging in sculpture (Fig. 40); first tergite laterally with deep and round laterope above distinctly crenulate glymma (Fig. 41); second tergite mainly reticulate-punctate (including distinctly elevated narrow basal area) and basal half of third tergite punctate and longitudinally rugulose and apical half smooth (Fig. 40); basal area of second tergite transverse, narrow, reticulate-rugose and 0.1 �� as long as combined second and third tergites; second metasomal suture obsolescent medially and crenulate; epipleura of 2 nd��� 3 rd tergites semi-transparent (Fig. 41); 4 th��� 6 th tergites basally very finely granulate and remainder smooth; ovipositor sheath subparallel-sided and apically pointed (Figs 36, 41), its setose part 0.05 �� as long as fore wing, 0.35 �� first tergite and 0.55 �� hind basitarsus; ovipositor wide and compressed basally and gradually narrowed apically, without subapical notch or nodus (Fig. 41). Colour. Black; palpi white; clypeus, malar space, temple ventrally, tegulae, legs and scapus pale yellowish; remainder of antenna dark brown; remainder of head largely brownish yellow but medio-dorsally and posteriorly dark brown (Fig. 43); mesoscutum anteriorly and two elongate patches dorsally (Fig. 39), pronotum ventrally, mesopleuron anteriorly and wide band ventrally chestnut brown (Fig. 38); metasomal nota black (but apical one brownish yellow), pleura pale brownish and sternite whitish (Fig. 41); pterostigma (but base pale), most veins of fore wing (except basally) dark brown (Fig. 37); wing membrane subhyaline. Etymology. Named after its country of origin, China. Distribution. Palaearctic: China (Shaanxi). Collected in montane forest at 2188 m. Notes. The new species fits fairly well in the P. curticauda group (Williams 2004) but has the setose part of the ovipositor sheath longer (0.55 �� hind basitarsus instead of less than 0.5 ��) and the metasoma is much more sculptured than of other members., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on pages 483-486, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694, {"references":["Williams, D. J. (2004) Revision of the genus Pseudognaptodon Fischer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Gnamptodontinae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 13 (1), 149 - 205."]}

Tamdaona janus Belokobylskij, 1994 (Figs 79���88) Tamdaona janus Belokobylskij, 1994: 129���130 (in Exothecini); Long & Belokobylskij, 2004: 392 (in Exothecinae). Type material. Holotype, ♀ (ZISP), ��� Vietnam, prov. Vinh Phu, Tam Dao, 1000 m, forest, 16.xi.1990, S.A. Belokobylskij ���, ��� Holotypus Tamdaona janus Belokobylskij ���. Additional material. 1 ♀ (RMNH), ��� Vietnam: Ninh Thu��n, N��i Ch��a N.P., northwest part, Mal. trap 17, c. 150 m, 24���30.v.2007, C. v. Achterberg & R. de Vries, RMNH���07���. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♀ with approx. 26 antennomeres (Fig. 82); frons with shallow medio-longitudinal de- pression (Fig. 80); pronope large (Fig. 85); notauli narrow anteriorly (Fig. 85); propodeum steep posteriorly (Fig. 83); vein 1-R1 1.3 �� longer than pterostigma (Fig. 79); vein 3-SR of fore wing approx. 1.6 �� as long as vein r (Fig. 79); basal area of second metasomal tergite triangular and medially 0.20 �� as long as wide anteriorly, mainly punctate and distinctly protruding medio-posteriorly (Fig. 87); second tergite 1.5 �� as long as third tergite; second metasomal suture narrow medially (Fig. 87); setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.15���0.20 �� as long as fore wing Figs 79, 83). Distribution. Oriental: Vietnam. Collected in coastal lowland forest at about 150 m and in submontane forest at 1000 m., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on page 496, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694, {"references":["Belokobylskij, S. A. (1994) Contribution to the fauna of the Indo-Malayan braconid wasps of the tribe Exothecini, Pambolini and Pentatermini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta, 245 (1992), 125 - 173. [in Russian]","Long, K. D. & Belokobylskij, S. A. (2004) A preliminary list of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera) of Vietnam. Russian Entomological Journal, 12 (4) 385 - 398. [2003, http: // kmk. entomology. ru / rej. htm]"]}

Neognamptodon novobritannicus (Fischer, 1971) comb. n. Gnaptodon novobritannicus Fischer, 1971: 21 (as G. novobritanicus), 22; 1978: 397; 1987: 710���711. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♀ with approx. 26 antennomeres; mesoscutum black, densely and long setose, without medio-posterior depression and anterior half of notauli crenulate; vein 3-SR of fore wing approx. 1.5 �� as long as vein r (Fig. 581 in Fischer 1987); dorsal carinae of first tergite remained separated basally; basal area of second metasomal tergite transverse and medially 0.13���0.15 �� as long as wide anteriorly; area behind basal area of second tergite densely granulate-rugulose; setose part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.25 �� as long as fore wing, longer than first tergite. Distribution. Australian (Papua New Guinea: New Britain)., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on page 491, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694, {"references":["Fischer, M. (1987) Hymenoptera Braconidae (Opiinae III) athiopische, orientalische, australische und ozeanische Region. Das Tierreich, 104, i-xv + 1 - 734."]}

Notes on Alysdacnusa and Tobiasnusa (by CvA). Alysdacnusa Tobias & Perepetchayenko, 1995 (type species: Alysdacnusa breviventris Tobias & Perepetchayenko, 1995) and Tobiasnusa Papp, 2004, (syn. n.; their type species differs mainly by having the metasoma shorter (A. breviventris) or longer (A. atomus) than the mesosoma) are superficially similar to Exodontiella Wharton. The Palaearctic Alysdacnusa has also the marginal cell of the fore wing reduced (Fig. 122) as in the Nearctic Exodontiella and both have exodont mandibles, both occur in semi-arid habitats and share small body size, minute second tooth of mandible and short antenna. However, both genera are not closely related and belong to different subfamilies (Exondontiella in the Gnamptodontinae and Alysdacnusa in the Alysiinae). They differ as follows: malar space long, without convex area (Fig. 113) vs malar space short, with small convex area above base of mandible in Alysdacnusa (Fig. 123); upper lobe of mandible small (Fig. 119) vs upper lobe of mandible large (Fig. 128); temple mediumsized (Fig. 112) vs temple enlarged (Fig. 126) in dorsal view; marginal cell of fore wing very narrow (Fig. 111) vs comparatively large (Fig. 122) and second and third metasomal tergites indistinctly sculptured (Fig. 121) vs smooth (Fig. 131). In addition, Alysdacnusa atomus (Papp, 2004) comb. n. from Mongolia) has vein M+CU of the hind wing about as long as 1-M (longer in A. breviventris), the propodeum without small tubercle (present), the ovipositor sheath as long as first and second hind tarsal segments combined (0.7 ��), the antenna with 13���14 segments (15���17 segments), vein r of the fore wing issued from middle of pterostigma (slightly before middle) and the first tergite slightly more widened apically (slightly less)., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on page 506, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694

Key to species of Neognamptodon Belokobylskij 1 Basal area of second metasomal tergite triangular and medially approx. 0.35 �� as long as wide anteriorly; setose part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.20 �� as long as fore wing; mesosoma reddish brown; Afrotropical.... N. suturalis Belokobylskij, 1999 - Basal area of second metasomal tergite transverse and medially 0.13���0.15 �� as long as wide anteriorly; setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.25���0.35 �� as long as fore wing; mesosoma dark brown or black......................................... 2 2 Mesoscutum without medio-posterior depression; anterior half of notauli crenulate; vein 3-SR of fore wing approx. 1.5 �� as long as vein r (Fig. 581 in Fischer 1987); area behind basal area of second metasomal tergite densely granulate-rugulose; setose part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.25 �� as long as fore wing; dorsal carinae of first tergite remained separated basally; mesosoma black; Australian..................................................... N. novobritannicus (Fischer, 1971) - Mesoscutum with long groove-like medio-posterior depression (Fig. 51); anterior half of notauli smooth; vein 3-SR of fore wing 2.2���3.0 �� as long as vein r (Figs 49, 62); area behind basal area of second metasomal tergite coarsely crenulate (Fig. 52), but less so in ♂ (Fig. 63); setose part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.35 �� as long as fore wing (Fig. 48); mesosoma dark brown; dorsal carinae of first tergite united basally (Figs 52, 63); Oriental............. N. laticauda Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on page 487, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694, {"references":["Fischer, M. (1987) Hymenoptera Braconidae (Opiinae III) athiopische, orientalische, australische und ozeanische Region. Das Tierreich, 104, i-xv + 1 - 734."]}

Pseudognaptodon longi van Achterberg, sp. n. Figs 24���35 Type material. Holotype, ♂ (RMNH), ���N. Vietnam: Hoa Binh, Pa Co Hang Kia N. R., 1041 m, N20��44���29��� E104��55���44���, 11���23.x.2009, Mal[aise] tr[ap] 23, C. v. Achterberg & R. de Vries, RMNH���09���. Diagnosis. Antenna of ♂ with approx. 19 antennomeres (Fig. 24); basal area of second tergite smooth, trans- verse and 0.15 �� as long as combined second and third tergites (Fig. 29); vein SR1 of fore wing evenly curved (Fig. 25); eye in dorsal view approx. 3.5 �� as long as temple, temple roundly narrowed posteriorly (Fig. 32); vein 1-R1 0.9 �� as long as pterostigma; vein 1-SR of fore wing longer than wide; first and second metasomal tergites black dorsally and largely smooth (except behind basal area); second metasomal suture distinct medially and crenulate; first tergite widened posteriorly, approx. 0.8 �� longer than its apical width (Fig. 28); scutellar sulcus largely smooth (Fig. 28); vertex smooth except for some punctures (Fig. 32). Description. Holotype, ♂, length of fore wing 1.3 mm, and of body 1.5 mm. Head. Antenna with 19 antennomeres, scapus longer dorsally than ventrally(Fig.34), length of third antennomere 1.1 �� fourth antennomere, third, fourth and penultimate antennomere 2.1, 2.0 and 2.0 �� as long as wide, respectively (Figs 34, 35); maxillary and labial palpi with 6 and 3 segments, respectively; length of maxillary palp 0.8 �� height of head; temple smooth except for some rugulosity ventrally (Fig. 33); hypostomal flange indistinct (Fig. 33); eye 2.6 �� as long as temple in dorsal view; temples roundly narrowed behind eyes (Fig. 32); OOL:diameter of posterior ocellus:POL = 8:5:4; vertex largely smooth (except for some punctures), remotely setose and shiny; frons transversely rugulose, glabrous and shiny, without median groove (Fig. 32); face transversely rugulose, shiny and evenly convex (Fig. 31); clypeus nearly truncate medially, flattened, ventral rim thin, and smooth, dorsally moderately convex and with some punctures; hypoclypeal depression 0.4 �� as wide as face and deep; malar suture shallow; length of malar space 1.4 �� basal width of mandible; mandible flattened medially and smooth, strongly narrowed and twisted apically. Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.4 �� its height; pronotum nearly vertical anteriorly and antescutal depression absent; side of pronotum smooth, including oblique groove (Fig. 27); mesopleuron convex, shiny and smooth; precoxal sulcus absent; episternal scrobe absent (Fig. 24); mesosternal suture shallow and smooth; notauli complete, smooth and moderately impressed, remaining separated posteriorly and in between with a long and smooth groove (Fig. 28); mesoscutum strongly shiny, smooth, only middle lobe and near notauli setose; scutellar sulcus largely smooth (Fig. 28); scutellum wide, slightly convex, smooth and shiny; metapleuron largely smooth; propodeum evenly convex, smooth and shiny (Fig. 28). Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma triangular (Fig. 25); 1-M straight; 1-SR longer than wide; 1-SR+M present anteriorly; 1-R1 0.9 �� longer than pterostigma; vein r emitted from middle of pterostigma and slender; r:3-SR+SR1:2- SR = 4:34:15; vein SR1 evenly curved (Fig. 25); 2-M much shorter than 2-SR; m-cu antefurcal; 1-CU1 and cu-a widened, subequal; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 1:10; CU1b absent; basal and subbasal cells of fore wing similarly setose as other cells. Hind wing: M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 17:32:12; all cells equally densely setose; m-cu not indicated; 2-SC+R widened (Fig. 26). Legs. Hind coxa smooth; tarsal claws rather robust and simple; length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 3.2, 7.0 and 5.4 �� as long as their maximum width; hind tibial spurs 0.35 and 0.40 �� as long as basitarsus. Metasoma. First tergite 0.8 �� longer than its apical width, gradually widened apically, convex, only posteriorly longitudinally rugose, shiny, dorsope absent, its dorsal carinae coarsely developed basally and protruding, weakly converging, posteriorly absent (Fig. 28); first tergite laterally with rather small laterope in distinctly crenulate glymma; second and third tergites mainly smooth, but rugose behind basal area (Fig. 29); basal area of second tergite transverse, medium-sized, smooth and 0.15 �� as long as combined second and third tergites; third tergite with slightly indicated oblique antero-lateral grooves; second metasomal suture distinct medially and crenulate; epipleura of 2 nd��� 3 rd tergites semi-transparent (Fig. 24); remainder of metasoma smooth. Colour. Black; palpi white; scapus and legs (but apex of hind tibia and hind tarsus infuscated or dark brown) pale yellowish or brownish yellow; tegulae brown and anteriorly darkened; remainder of antenna blackish; face and clypeus dark brown (Fig. 31); metasoma pale brownish and whitish ventrally (Fig. 24); pterostigma dark brown; most veins of fore wing (except basally) brown; wing membrane subhyaline. Etymology. Named after Dr Khuat Dang Long (IEBR, Hanoi) for his friendship and help as counterpart during the expeditions in Vietnam. Distribution. Vietnam. Collected in open montane forest on lime stone at 1041 m., Published as part of Tian, Xiao-Xia, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Wu, Jia-Xuan & Tan, Jiang-Li, 2020, New Gnamptodontinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with two genera new for China and seven new species, pp. 471-508 in Zootaxa 4778 (3) on pages 481-483, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4778.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3828694

Parastephanellus evexus Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. Figs 43–61 Parastephanellus brevistigma; Chen et al. 2016a: 119 –122 (♂). Type material. Holotype, ♀ (NWUX): “[SE China:] Jiangxi, Quannan, 650 m, 16.vi.2008, Sichang Li ”. Paratypes: 1 ♂ (NWUX): topotypic and same data; 1 ♂ (SCAU): “[SE China:] Guangdong, Nanling National Nature Reserve, 6.x.2004, Zaifu Xu ” Diagnosis. Ivory streak of temple distinctly contrasting with dark brown posterior part of temple in lateral view (Fig. 46), separated from occipital carina in dorsal view (Figs 53, 60); temples of ♀ strongly angulate in dorsal view (Fig. 53); frons of ♀ dark brown; medio-anteriorly pronotum gradually arising behind neck (Figs 43, 47); pronotum below tegulae costate (Fig. 47); posterior part of pronotum and mesoscutum moderately high in lateral view (Fig. 43); vein 1-M of fore wing approx. 1.2 × vein m-cu and 1.8–1.9 × vein 1-SR (Fig. 45); vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Fig. 45); vein m-cu of fore wing approx. 1.5 × longer than vein 2-SR+M; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing up to level of apex of vein r; first metasomal tergite of ♀ very slender and approx. 9.5 × as long as wide (Fig. 44); pygidial area of ♀ moderately emarginated apically, not protruding and rounded latero-apically (Fig. 54); ovipositor sheath approximately as long as body and 1.8 × as long as fore wing. Runs in the key to Parastephanellus by Elliott (1928) either to P. rubripictus Elliott, 1917, or to P. crassicoxae Elliott, 1928. The new species differs from P. rubripictus by having the frons coarsely vermiculate-rugose (rugosepunctate in P. rubripictus), the moderately wide and medium-sized pterostigma (long and narrow), the first tergite 0.8 × as long as remainder of metasoma (of equal length), the neck with transverse carinae (with longitudinal carinae) and the coarsely foveolate propodeum (coarsely reticulate-rugose). It differs from P. crassicoxae by having the hind coxa elongated (very stout in P. crassicoxae), the coarsely foveolate propodeum (reticulatepunctate) and the propleuron largely smooth (transversely aciculate). Description. Holotype, ♀, length of body 13.5 mm, of fore wing 7.6 mm, and of ovipositor sheath 13.0 mm. Head. Antenna incomplete, with 10 segments remaining, third segment with one circular sensillum ventrally, fourth segment with 4 circular sensilla; frons coarsely vermiculate-rugose (Fig. 52); three anterior coronal teeth large and lobe-shaped (Fig. 53), both posterior ones wider and arcuate; vertex largely coarsely rugose anteriorly, largely smooth posteriorly, only medially transversely aciculate; temple strongly convex, smooth and shiny (Fig. 46), angulate in dorsal view (Fig. 53). Mesosoma. Neck short and transversely carinate, anteriorly distinctly emarginated (Figs 46–48), posteriorly with transverse groove in front of oblique posterior part of pronotum (Fig. 47), posterior part rugulose medioanteriorly, costate below tegula (Figs 47, 48); propleuron largely smooth and shiny except laterally; mesopleuron rather shiny (except anteriorly), superficially coriaceous and medially foveolate (Fig. 47), anteriorly densely yellowish setose; scutellum finely aciculate medially and with foveolae laterally (Fig. 48); propodeum coarsely foveolate and with narrow coriaceous interspaces (Figs 47, 48); metapleuron very coarsely foveolate, convex medially. Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 45): pterostigma 5.8 × as long as wide and rather abruptly rounded apically; vein 1-M 1.9 × as long as vein 1-SR and 1.2 × vein m-cu; vein 1-SR as long as vein 2-SR+M; vein cu-a distinctly antefurcal and reclivous; vein 2-SR 1.5 × as long as vein r; vein r ends near level of apex of pterostigma; basal part of pterostigma twice as long as apical part (Fig. 43); vein 1-M and vein r distinctly curved; vein 1-SR as long as parastigmal vein; vein 3-CU1 largely nebulous and widened posteriorly, only basal 0.1 tubular (Fig. 45). Legs. Hind coxa elongated, 3.4 × longer than wide, with small flattened granulate dorso-lateral area (Fig. 49), largely coarsely rugose; hind femur coriaceous, ventrally with 2 large teeth and one smaller basal tooth (Fig. 50); hind tibia 1.2 × as long as hind femur, largely coriaceous and ventrally with oblique carinae, inner side with distinct v-shaped impression, basal narrow part of hind tibia as long as widened part; ventral length of hind basitarsus 4.7 × as long as wide. Metasoma. First tergite densely transversely striate, 9.5 × as long as its maximum width (Fig. 44), 2.5 × second tergite and 0.8 × metasoma without first tergite; second tergite basally with some rugae; remainder of metasoma rather shiny and very superficially cellular-coriaceous; pygidial area triangularly depressed, apically moderately circularly emarginated and latero-apically rounded, not protruding (Fig. 54); ovipositor sheath nearly as long as body (Fig. 43). Colour. Black or blackish brown; temple with ivory streak along eye long, well differentiated and nearly up to occipital carina (Figs 46, 53); middle tibia basally and narrowly apically and most of middle basitarsus white; remainder of tarsi and four basal antennal segments brown; palpi pale yellowish but basally dark brown; face, temple posteriorly, frons ventrally, pronotum ventrally, propleuron, fore leg largely (except tarsus), middle coxa and femur, metasoma apically and ventrally (except first tergite), hind tibia largely, pterostigma (except whitish base) and veins dark brown; apex of hind coxa partly ivory (Fig. 49); wing membrane subhyaline. Male. Length of body 7.6 mm, of fore wing 4.3 mm, antenna with 26 segments. Similar to female but frons brownish yellow (Fig. 59), vertex mainly regularly transversely striate but rugose anteriorly, temples evenly rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 60), foveolation of mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum reduced, flattened area of hind coxa larger and coxa 3.9 × longer than wide), first tergite 8.7 × longer than wide and base of second tergite orange brown. Parameres moderately convex and setose (Fig. 58). Distribution. China (* Guangdong, * Jiangxi). Etymology. Named “ evexus ” (Latin for “rounded at the top”), because of the rounded apex of the metasoma of the ♀. Notes. The male of P. brevicoxalis sensu Chen et al. (2016) is transferred to this species, because of the slender first tergite (nearly 11 × as long as wide, Fig. 20; not the description!), the reduced dentition basally of the median tooth of the hind femur, the venation of the fore wing, and the dorsally narrow ivory streak of temple. The gradually sloping pronotum and normal hind coxa (about 3 × as long as wide) fit in with this transfer. Only the colour of the posterior part of the temple differs: rather dark brown in the paratype from Jiangxi and brown in the paratype from Guangdong.

Parastephanellus brevistigma Enderlein, 1913 Figs 35���42 Parastephanellus brevistigma Enderlein, 1913: 203; Aguiar 2004: 65; Hong et al. 2011: 41, 42 (p.p.). Diagnosis. Pale yellowish streak of temple hardly contrasting with yellowish brown posterior part of temple in lateral view (Fig. 42), reaching occipital carina in dorsal view (Fig. 41); temples slightly angulate in dorsal view (Fig. 41); frons of ♀ unknown; medio-anteriorly pronotum gradually arising behind neck (Fig. 36); pronotum below tegulae costate (Fig. 36); pronotum stout in dorsal view (Fig. 37); vein 1-M of fore wing approx. 1.1 �� as long as vein m-cu and 2.1 �� vein 1-SR (Fig. 35); vein 1-SR of fore wing weakly angled with vein 1-M and about as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Fig. 35); vein m-cu of fore wing approx. as long as vein 2-SR+M; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing not surpassing level of apex of vein r; vein r of fore wing ends near level of apex of pterostigma (Fig. 35); pterostigma rather abruptly narrowed apically (Fig. 35); hind coxa of ♂ approx. 3.7 �� as long as wide in dorso-lateral view (Fig. 38); first metasomal tergite, length of ovipositor sheath and pygidial area of ♀ unknown. Distribution. China (Taiwan)., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tan, Qing-Qing, Zhou, Tong & Li, Tao, 2018, Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) revisited, with description of two new species from China, pp. 327-349 in Zootaxa 4459 (2) on page 335, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/1458671, {"references":["Enderlein, G. (1913) Die Stephaniden Formosas. Zoologische Anzeiger, 42, 202 - 212.","Aguiar, A. P. (2004) World catalog of the Stephanidae (Hymenoptera: Stephanoidea). Zootaxa, 753, 1 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 464.1.1","Hong, C. D., van Achterberg, C. & Xu, Z. F. (2011) A revision of the Chinese Stephanidae (Hymenoptera, Stephanoidea). ZooKeys, 110, 1 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 110.918"]}

Parastephanellus brevicoxalis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011 Figs 18–34 Parastephanellus brevicoxalis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011: 39 –41. Material: 5 ♀ (NWUX, RMNH): “[NE China:] Liaoning, Haicheng, Chagou, Hongqiling, 7/ 8.vi.2015, Maoling Sheng”, “reared from stem of Quercus liaotungensis Koidz. infested by Curculionidae ”; 4 ♂ (NWUX, RMNH), same data but 31. v./1 / 3.vi.2015. Diagnosis. Ivory streak of temple more or less contrasting with chestnut to orange brown posterior part of temple in lateral view (Fig. 26), separated from occipital carina in dorsal view (Figs 25, 33); temples evenly rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 25); frons of ♀ largely dark brown; medio-anteriorly pronotum steeply arising behind neck (Fig. 19); pronotum below tegulae costate (Fig. 19); vein 1-M of fore wing about as long as vein m-cu and 1.1–1.6 × vein 1-SR (Fig. 18); vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and approx. 1.5 × as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Fig. 18); vein m-cu of fore wing 1.5–1.7 × longer than vein 2-SR+M; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing surpassing level of apex of vein r; vein r of fore wing ends near level of apex of pterostigma (Figs 18, 28); hind coxa of ♀ 2.1–2.2 × as long as wide in dorso-lateral view (Fig. 21; ♂ up to 2.6 x); first metasomal tergite of ♀ moderately robust, 4.4–5.5 × as long as wide (cf. Fig. 30); emargination of pygidial area of ♀ wide (Fig. 22), distinctly protruding and truncate latero-apically; ovipositor sheath 1.4–1.7 × as long as body. Description. Figured ♂ from Liaoning, length of fore wing 7.4 mm, and of body 10.8 mm. Head. Antenna with 30 segments; three coronal teeth large and distinctly carinate; frons coarsely transversely rugose (Fig. 32); vertex transversely striate-rugose (Fig. 33); temple smooth and shiny (Fig. 29), evenly convex behind eyes in dorsal view (Fig. 33). Mesosoma. Pronotum distinctly sculptured; laterally neck with several carinae; posterior part of pronotum rugulose medially and steep anteriorly; scutellum coriaceous and with several foveolae; metapleuron reticulate rugose dorsally; propodeum coarsely foveolate. Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 28): vein 1-M 1.6 × as long as vein 1-SR and 1.2 × vein m-cu; vein cu-a slightly antefurcal and subvertical; vein 2-SR 1.5 × as long as vein r; pterostigma rather directly narrowed apically, 5.0 × as long as wide; vein r ends near level of apex of pterostigma (Fig. 28); vein 1-SR 1.3 × as long as parastigmal vein; basal 0.3 of vein 3-CU1 tubular, remainder largely nebulous, apically distinctly widened. Legs. Hind coxa 2.2 × as long as wide (in latero-dorsal view; Fig. 31; in other males up to 2.6 x), flat area and laterally densely aciculate and remainder regularly transversely rugose; hind femur (Fig. 27) strongly swollen, shiny, densely aciculate-coriaceous and with 2 large ventral teeth; hind tibia 1.1 × as long as hind femur, basal narrow part 1.1 × as long as widened part; outer side of hind tibia aciculate-coriaceous and ventrally with some oblique carinae; widened part of inner side distinctly V-shaped depressed subbasally and densely setose apically; ventral length of hind basitarsus 3.4 × as long as its apical width. Metasoma. First tergite coarsely reticulate rugose basally and remainder rather finely transversely rugose, 4.7 × as long as its maximum width (Fig. 30), 1.7 × as second tergite and 0.7 × as second and following tergites combined; second tergite basally rugulose, remainder of metasoma superficially micro-reticulate; pygidial process distinct and tubular apically (Fig. 34); parameres convex, densely and moderately long setose (cf. Fig. 86). Colour. Black; four basal antennal segments, palpi and frons brownish yellow; face, temple ventrally, and temple near eye, streak up to vertex, base of middle tibia and basitarsus, pale yellowish (Figs 27, 29); temple posteriorly, fore leg (except coxa up to base of femur), reminder of middle tibia and tarsus, middle femur anteriorly, narrow part of hind tibia, hind tarsus and base of second tergite mainly orange brown; pterostigma (but base narrowly ivory) and veins dark brown; wing membrane subhyaline. Variation. Length of fore wing 6.0– 8.5 mm, and of body 9.1–11.6 mm; hind coxa 2.2–2.6 × longer than its maximum width; whitish basal part of pterostigma is sometimes more conspicuous than shown in Fig. 28; narrow part of hind tibia orange or dark brown. Distribution. China (Zhejiang, * Liaoning). Notes. Chen et al. (2016) associated a male with this species and described it. Now we have a reared series of P. brevicoxalis with both sexes, it is obviously the incorrect male, because the reared males fit much better with the key characters of the female holotype (as elucidated above in the key). Therefore, we describe below for the first time the male of this species. For the male described by Chen et al. (2016a) see P. evexus.

Parastephanellus zhejiangensis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011 Figs 92���99 Parastephanellus zhejiangensis Hong et al. 2011: 44, 45. Diagnosis. Pale yellowish streak of temple moderately contrasting with brown posterior part of temple in lateral view (Fig. 99), reaching occipital carina in dorsal view (Fig. 98); temples slightly angulate in dorsal view (Fig. 98); frons of ♀ largely orange brown (Fig. 97); medio-anteriorly pronotum gradually arising behind neck (Fig. 93); pronotum below tegulae with some rugulae (Fig. 93); pronotum stout in dorsal view (Fig. 94); vein 1-M of fore wing approx. 1.3 �� as long as vein m-cu and 2.2 �� vein 1-SR (Fig. 92); vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and about as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Fig. 92); vein m-cu of fore wing approx. 2.5 �� longer than vein 2- SR+M; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing surpassing level of apex of vein r; vein r of fore wing ends near level of apex of pterostigma (Fig. 92); pterostigma obtuse apically (Fig. 92); hind coxa of ♀ approx. 3 �� as long as wide in dorso-lateral view (Fig. 96); first metasomal tergite of ♀ robust, approximately 4 �� as long as its maximum width; pygidial area of ♀ not protruding latero-apically and emargination shallow (Fig. 95); ovipositor sheath approximately as long as body. Distribution. China (Zhejiang)., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tan, Qing-Qing, Zhou, Tong & Li, Tao, 2018, Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) revisited, with description of two new species from China, pp. 327-349 in Zootaxa 4459 (2) on pages 345-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/1458671, {"references":["Hong, C. D., van Achterberg, C. & Xu, Z. F. (2011) A revision of the Chinese Stephanidae (Hymenoptera, Stephanoidea). ZooKeys, 110, 1 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 110.918"]}

Parastephanellus evexus Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. Figs 43���61 Parastephanellus brevistigma; Chen et al. 2016a: 119 ���122 (♂). Type material. Holotype, ♀ (NWUX): ���[SE China:] Jiangxi, Quannan, 650 m, 16.vi.2008, Sichang Li ���. Paratypes: 1 ♂ (NWUX): topotypic and same data; 1 ♂ (SCAU): ���[SE China:] Guangdong, Nanling National Nature Reserve, 6.x.2004, Zaifu Xu ��� Diagnosis. Ivory streak of temple distinctly contrasting with dark brown posterior part of temple in lateral view (Fig. 46), separated from occipital carina in dorsal view (Figs 53, 60); temples of ♀ strongly angulate in dorsal view (Fig. 53); frons of ♀ dark brown; medio-anteriorly pronotum gradually arising behind neck (Figs 43, 47); pronotum below tegulae costate (Fig. 47); posterior part of pronotum and mesoscutum moderately high in lateral view (Fig. 43); vein 1-M of fore wing approx. 1.2 �� vein m-cu and 1.8���1.9 �� vein 1-SR (Fig. 45); vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Fig. 45); vein m-cu of fore wing approx. 1.5 �� longer than vein 2-SR+M; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing up to level of apex of vein r; first metasomal tergite of ♀ very slender and approx. 9.5 �� as long as wide (Fig. 44); pygidial area of ♀ moderately emarginated apically, not protruding and rounded latero-apically (Fig. 54); ovipositor sheath approximately as long as body and 1.8 �� as long as fore wing. Runs in the key to Parastephanellus by Elliott (1928) either to P. rubripictus Elliott, 1917, or to P. crassicoxae Elliott, 1928. The new species differs from P. rubripictus by having the frons coarsely vermiculate-rugose (rugosepunctate in P. rubripictus), the moderately wide and medium-sized pterostigma (long and narrow), the first tergite 0.8 �� as long as remainder of metasoma (of equal length), the neck with transverse carinae (with longitudinal carinae) and the coarsely foveolate propodeum (coarsely reticulate-rugose). It differs from P. crassicoxae by having the hind coxa elongated (very stout in P. crassicoxae), the coarsely foveolate propodeum (reticulatepunctate) and the propleuron largely smooth (transversely aciculate). Description. Holotype, ♀, length of body 13.5 mm, of fore wing 7.6 mm, and of ovipositor sheath 13.0 mm. Head. Antenna incomplete, with 10 segments remaining, third segment with one circular sensillum ventrally, fourth segment with 4 circular sensilla; frons coarsely vermiculate-rugose (Fig. 52); three anterior coronal teeth large and lobe-shaped (Fig. 53), both posterior ones wider and arcuate; vertex largely coarsely rugose anteriorly, largely smooth posteriorly, only medially transversely aciculate; temple strongly convex, smooth and shiny (Fig. 46), angulate in dorsal view (Fig. 53). Mesosoma. Neck short and transversely carinate, anteriorly distinctly emarginated (Figs 46���48), posteriorly with transverse groove in front of oblique posterior part of pronotum (Fig. 47), posterior part rugulose medioanteriorly, costate below tegula (Figs 47, 48); propleuron largely smooth and shiny except laterally; mesopleuron rather shiny (except anteriorly), superficially coriaceous and medially foveolate (Fig. 47), anteriorly densely yellowish setose; scutellum finely aciculate medially and with foveolae laterally (Fig. 48); propodeum coarsely foveolate and with narrow coriaceous interspaces (Figs 47, 48); metapleuron very coarsely foveolate, convex medially. Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 45): pterostigma 5.8 �� as long as wide and rather abruptly rounded apically; vein 1-M 1.9 �� as long as vein 1-SR and 1.2 �� vein m-cu; vein 1-SR as long as vein 2-SR+M; vein cu-a distinctly antefurcal and reclivous; vein 2-SR 1.5 �� as long as vein r; vein r ends near level of apex of pterostigma; basal part of pterostigma twice as long as apical part (Fig. 43); vein 1-M and vein r distinctly curved; vein 1-SR as long as parastigmal vein; vein 3-CU1 largely nebulous and widened posteriorly, only basal 0.1 tubular (Fig. 45). Legs. Hind coxa elongated, 3.4 �� longer than wide, with small flattened granulate dorso-lateral area (Fig. 49), largely coarsely rugose; hind femur coriaceous, ventrally with 2 large teeth and one smaller basal tooth (Fig. 50); hind tibia 1.2 �� as long as hind femur, largely coriaceous and ventrally with oblique carinae, inner side with distinct v-shaped impression, basal narrow part of hind tibia as long as widened part; ventral length of hind basitarsus 4.7 �� as long as wide. Metasoma. First tergite densely transversely striate, 9.5 �� as long as its maximum width (Fig. 44), 2.5 �� second tergite and 0.8 �� metasoma without first tergite; second tergite basally with some rugae; remainder of metasoma rather shiny and very superficially cellular-coriaceous; pygidial area triangularly depressed, apically moderately circularly emarginated and latero-apically rounded, not protruding (Fig. 54); ovipositor sheath nearly as long as body (Fig. 43). Colour. Black or blackish brown; temple with ivory streak along eye long, well differentiated and nearly up to occipital carina (Figs 46, 53); middle tibia basally and narrowly apically and most of middle basitarsus white; remainder of tarsi and four basal antennal segments brown; palpi pale yellowish but basally dark brown; face, temple posteriorly, frons ventrally, pronotum ventrally, propleuron, fore leg largely (except tarsus), middle coxa and femur, metasoma apically and ventrally (except first tergite), hind tibia largely, pterostigma (except whitish base) and veins dark brown; apex of hind coxa partly ivory (Fig. 49); wing membrane subhyaline. Male. Length of body 7.6 mm, of fore wing 4.3 mm, antenna with 26 segments. Similar to female but frons brownish yellow (Fig. 59), vertex mainly regularly transversely striate but rugose anteriorly, temples evenly rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 60), foveolation of mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum reduced, flattened area of hind coxa larger and coxa 3.9 �� longer than wide), first tergite 8.7 �� longer than wide and base of second tergite orange brown. Parameres moderately convex and setose (Fig. 58). Distribution. China (* Guangdong, * Jiangxi). Etymology. Named ��� evexus ��� (Latin for ���rounded at the top���), because of the rounded apex of the metasoma of the ♀. Notes. The male of P. brevicoxalis sensu Chen et al. (2016) is transferred to this species, because of the slender first tergite (nearly 11 �� as long as wide, Fig. 20; not the description!), the reduced dentition basally of the median tooth of the hind femur, the venation of the fore wing, and the dorsally narrow ivory streak of temple. The gradually sloping pronotum and normal hind coxa (about 3 �� as long as wide) fit in with this transfer. Only the colour of the posterior part of the temple differs: rather dark brown in the paratype from Jiangxi and brown in the paratype from Guangdong., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tan, Qing-Qing, Zhou, Tong & Li, Tao, 2018, Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) revisited, with description of two new species from China, pp. 327-349 in Zootaxa 4459 (2) on pages 336-340, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/1458671, {"references":["Chen, H. Y., van Achterberg, C. & Xu, Z. F. (2016 a) Descriptions of a new species of Foenatopus Smith from China and the male of Parastephanellus brevicoxalis (Hymenoptera, Stephanidae). ZooKeys, 612, 113 - 123.","Elliott, E. A. (1928) New Stephanidae from Borneo and the Philippine Islands. IV. Philippine Journal of Science, 35 (4), 439 - 453."]}

Parastephanellus angulatus Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011 Figs 3���10 Parastephanellus angulatus Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011: 38, 39. Diagnosis. Pale yellowish streak of temple strongly contrasting with brown posterior part of temple in lateral view (Fig. 9), remaining separated from occipital carina in dorsal view (Fig. 8); temples angulate in dorsal view (Fig. 8); frons of ♀ dark brown; medio-anteriorly pronotum gradually arising behind neck and moderately sculptured (Fig. 4); pronotum below tegulae costate (Fig. 4); pronotum moderately robust in dorsal view (Fig. 5); vein 1-M of fore wing approx. 1.3 �� as long as vein m-cu and 2.2 �� vein 1-SR (Fig. 3); vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and approx. 1.3 �� as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Fig. 3); vein m-cu of fore wing approx. twice as long as vein 2-SR+M; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing surpassing level of apex of vein r; vein r of fore wing ends near level of apex of pterostigma (Fig. 3); pterostigma rather abruptly narrowed apically, slightly widened subdistally and approx. 4 �� as long as wide (Fig. 3); hind coxa of ♀ approx. 4 �� as long as wide in dorso-lateral view; first metasomal tergite of ♀ approximately 8.3 �� as long as its maximum width; ovipositor sheath approx. 1.5 �� as long as body. Distribution. China (Hainan)., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tan, Qing-Qing, Zhou, Tong & Li, Tao, 2018, Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) revisited, with description of two new species from China, pp. 327-349 in Zootaxa 4459 (2) on page 330, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/1458671, {"references":["Hong, C. D., van Achterberg, C. & Xu, Z. F. (2011) A revision of the Chinese Stephanidae (Hymenoptera, Stephanoidea). ZooKeys, 110, 1 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 110.918"]}

Parastephanellus matsumotoi van Achterberg, 2006 Figs 62���69 Parastephanellus matsumotoi van Achterberg (in van Achterberg & Quicke), 2006: 219 ���221; Hong et al. 2011: 43 ���44 (p.p.). Material. 3 ♀ + 6 ♂ (ZJUH): ���[China:] Henan, Luoshan, Lingshan, 22.v.2000, Cai Ping, Nos 200101873, 200101876, 200101882, 200101884, 200101893, 200101896, 200101906, 200101908, 200101911���. Diagnosis. Ivory streak of temple distinctly contrasting with dark brown posterior part of temple in lateral view (Fig. 69), separated from occipital carina in dorsal view (Fig. 68); temples evenly rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 68); frons of ♀ largely dark brown laterally, medially and ventrally more or less reddish brown (Fig. 67); medio-anteriorly pronotum steeply arising behind neck (Fig. 63); pronotum below tegulae costate (Fig. 63); vein 1- M of fore wing 1.1���1.3 �� as long as vein m-cu and 1.1���1.5 �� vein 1-SR (Fig. 62); vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and 1.5���2.5 �� as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Fig. 62); vein m-cu of fore wing approx. 1.5 �� longer than vein 2-SR+M; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing surpassing level of apex of vein r; vein r of fore wing ends far behind level of apex of pterostigma (Fig. 62); hind coxa of ♀ 2.7���3.0 �� as long as wide in dorsolateral view (Fig. 65); first metasomal tergite of ♀ slender, 6.8���7.5 �� as long as wide; emargination of pygidial area of ♀ wide (Fig. 66), distinctly protruding and truncate latero-apically (Fig. 66); ovipositor sheath 1.5���1.8 �� as long as body. Distribution. China (Henan), Japan (Kyushu), Korea. Notes. As well illustrated by Hong et al. (2011) two forms exist in China; one with anteriorly steep posterior part of pronotum (as in typical P. matsumotoi from Japan: Figs 312���324 in Hong et al. 2011; Fig. 63) and one with anteriorly gradually sloping posterior part of pronotum (Figs 325���337 l.c.; Fig. 73). Thanks to the large series from Taibai Mt. it became obvious that the specimens with gradually lowered anterior slope of the pronotum are a separate species because the different pronotum is combined with a different venation of the fore wing (see couplet 1 of the key). It is described below as P. yixiwui sp. n. from Shaanxi and Henan., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tan, Qing-Qing, Zhou, Tong & Li, Tao, 2018, Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) revisited, with description of two new species from China, pp. 327-349 in Zootaxa 4459 (2) on pages 340-342, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/1458671, {"references":["van Achterberg, C. & Quicke, D. L. J. (2006) Taxonomic notes on Old World Stephanidae (Hymenoptera): description of Parastephanellus matsumotoi sp. n. from Japan, redescription of Commatopus xanthocephalus (Cameron) and keys to the genera Profoenatopus van Achterberg and Megischus Brulle. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 149, 215 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 22119434 - 900000202","Hong, C. D., van Achterberg, C. & Xu, Z. F. (2011) A revision of the Chinese Stephanidae (Hymenoptera, Stephanoidea). ZooKeys, 110, 1 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 110.918"]}

Parastephanellus brevicoxalis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011 Figs 18���34 Parastephanellus brevicoxalis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011: 39 ���41. Material: 5 ♀ (NWUX, RMNH): ���[NE China:] Liaoning, Haicheng, Chagou, Hongqiling, 7/ 8.vi.2015, Maoling Sheng���, ���reared from stem of Quercus liaotungensis Koidz. infested by Curculionidae ���; 4 ♂ (NWUX, RMNH), same data but 31. v./1 / 3.vi.2015. Diagnosis. Ivory streak of temple more or less contrasting with chestnut to orange brown posterior part of temple in lateral view (Fig. 26), separated from occipital carina in dorsal view (Figs 25, 33); temples evenly rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 25); frons of ♀ largely dark brown; medio-anteriorly pronotum steeply arising behind neck (Fig. 19); pronotum below tegulae costate (Fig. 19); vein 1-M of fore wing about as long as vein m-cu and 1.1���1.6 �� vein 1-SR (Fig. 18); vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and approx. 1.5 �� as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Fig. 18); vein m-cu of fore wing 1.5���1.7 �� longer than vein 2-SR+M; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing surpassing level of apex of vein r; vein r of fore wing ends near level of apex of pterostigma (Figs 18, 28); hind coxa of ♀ 2.1���2.2 �� as long as wide in dorso-lateral view (Fig. 21; ♂ up to 2.6 x); first metasomal tergite of ♀ moderately robust, 4.4���5.5 �� as long as wide (cf. Fig. 30); emargination of pygidial area of ♀ wide (Fig. 22), distinctly protruding and truncate latero-apically; ovipositor sheath 1.4���1.7 �� as long as body. Description. Figured ♂ from Liaoning, length of fore wing 7.4 mm, and of body 10.8 mm. Head. Antenna with 30 segments; three coronal teeth large and distinctly carinate; frons coarsely transversely rugose (Fig. 32); vertex transversely striate-rugose (Fig. 33); temple smooth and shiny (Fig. 29), evenly convex behind eyes in dorsal view (Fig. 33). Mesosoma. Pronotum distinctly sculptured; laterally neck with several carinae; posterior part of pronotum rugulose medially and steep anteriorly; scutellum coriaceous and with several foveolae; metapleuron reticulate rugose dorsally; propodeum coarsely foveolate. Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 28): vein 1-M 1.6 �� as long as vein 1-SR and 1.2 �� vein m-cu; vein cu-a slightly antefurcal and subvertical; vein 2-SR 1.5 �� as long as vein r; pterostigma rather directly narrowed apically, 5.0 �� as long as wide; vein r ends near level of apex of pterostigma (Fig. 28); vein 1-SR 1.3 �� as long as parastigmal vein; basal 0.3 of vein 3-CU1 tubular, remainder largely nebulous, apically distinctly widened. Legs. Hind coxa 2.2 �� as long as wide (in latero-dorsal view; Fig. 31; in other males up to 2.6 x), flat area and laterally densely aciculate and remainder regularly transversely rugose; hind femur (Fig. 27) strongly swollen, shiny, densely aciculate-coriaceous and with 2 large ventral teeth; hind tibia 1.1 �� as long as hind femur, basal narrow part 1.1 �� as long as widened part; outer side of hind tibia aciculate-coriaceous and ventrally with some oblique carinae; widened part of inner side distinctly V-shaped depressed subbasally and densely setose apically; ventral length of hind basitarsus 3.4 �� as long as its apical width. Metasoma. First tergite coarsely reticulate rugose basally and remainder rather finely transversely rugose, 4.7 �� as long as its maximum width (Fig. 30), 1.7 �� as second tergite and 0.7 �� as second and following tergites combined; second tergite basally rugulose, remainder of metasoma superficially micro-reticulate; pygidial process distinct and tubular apically (Fig. 34); parameres convex, densely and moderately long setose (cf. Fig. 86). Colour. Black; four basal antennal segments, palpi and frons brownish yellow; face, temple ventrally, and temple near eye, streak up to vertex, base of middle tibia and basitarsus, pale yellowish (Figs 27, 29); temple posteriorly, fore leg (except coxa up to base of femur), reminder of middle tibia and tarsus, middle femur anteriorly, narrow part of hind tibia, hind tarsus and base of second tergite mainly orange brown; pterostigma (but base narrowly ivory) and veins dark brown; wing membrane subhyaline. Variation. Length of fore wing 6.0��� 8.5 mm, and of body 9.1���11.6 mm; hind coxa 2.2���2.6 �� longer than its maximum width; whitish basal part of pterostigma is sometimes more conspicuous than shown in Fig. 28; narrow part of hind tibia orange or dark brown. Distribution. China (Zhejiang, * Liaoning). Notes. Chen et al. (2016) associated a male with this species and described it. Now we have a reared series of P. brevicoxalis with both sexes, it is obviously the incorrect male, because the reared males fit much better with the key characters of the female holotype (as elucidated above in the key). Therefore, we describe below for the first time the male of this species. For the male described by Chen et al. (2016a) see P. evexus., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tan, Qing-Qing, Zhou, Tong & Li, Tao, 2018, Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) revisited, with description of two new species from China, pp. 327-349 in Zootaxa 4459 (2) on pages 332-335, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/1458671, {"references":["Hong, C. D., van Achterberg, C. & Xu, Z. F. (2011) A revision of the Chinese Stephanidae (Hymenoptera, Stephanoidea). ZooKeys, 110, 1 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 110.918","Chen, H. Y., van Achterberg, C. & Xu, Z. F. (2016 a) Descriptions of a new species of Foenatopus Smith from China and the male of Parastephanellus brevicoxalis (Hymenoptera, Stephanidae). ZooKeys, 612, 113 - 123."]}

Parastephanellus austrochinensis Belokobylskij, 1995, reinstated Figs 11���17 Parastephanellus politus Chao, 1964 (not Elliott, 1928): 380, 387. Parastephanellus austrochinensis Belokobylskij, 1995: 22 (new name for junior homonym); Aguiar 2004: 65; Hong et al. 2011: 41 (as synonym of P. brevistigma Enderlein, 1913). Diagnosis. Pale yellowish streak of temple moderately to hardly contrasting with brown posterior part of temple in lateral view (Fig. 17), remaining separated from occipital carina in dorsal view (Fig. 16); temples slightly angulate in dorsal view; frons of ♀ brownish yellow; medio-anteriorly pronotum gradually arising behind neck and superficially sculptured (Fig. 12); pronotum below tegulae costate (Fig. 12); pronotum stout in dorsal view (Fig. 13); vein 1-M of fore wing 0.9���1.1 �� as long as vein m-cu and 2.1 �� vein 1-SR (Fig. 35); vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and about as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Fig. 35); vein m-cu of fore wing approx. as long as vein 2-SR+M; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing not surpassing level of apex of vein r; vein r of fore wing ends near level of apex of pterostigma (Fig. 35); pterostigma rather abruptly narrowed apically, more or less widened, not parallel-sided and 4���5 �� as long as wide (Fig. 11); hind coxa of ♂ approx. 3 �� as long as wide in dorso-lateral view; first metasomal tergite approximately 5 �� as long as its maximum width; ovipositor sheath approx. 1.7 �� as long as body. Distribution. China (Yunnan, Guangxi). Notes. As well illustrated by Hong et al. (2011) two forms of P. brevistigma Enderlein exist in China. One with aberrant venation of the fore wing as described in the key in this paper and typical for Taiwan (holotype of P. brevistigma: Figs 35���42) and one with normal venation (Figs 11���17; Chao, 1964) from continental China. Unfortunately, there is no additional material from Taiwan to study the variation of the characters used for separation, but we consider the difference in venation profound enough to reinstate P. austrochinensis., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tan, Qing-Qing, Zhou, Tong & Li, Tao, 2018, Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) revisited, with description of two new species from China, pp. 327-349 in Zootaxa 4459 (2) on pages 330-331, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/1458671, {"references":["Belokobylskij, S. A. (1995) Stephanoidea. In: Lehr, P. A. (Ed.), Key to the insects of Russian far East. IU. Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Part 2. Hymenoptera. Dal'nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 15 - 24.","Chao, H. F. (1964) Description of new species of Stephanidae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea) from South China. Acta entomologica Sinica, 13 (3), 376 - 395.","Elliott, E. A. (1928) New Stephanidae from Borneo and the Philippine Islands. IV. Philippine Journal of Science, 35 (4), 439 - 453.","Aguiar, A. P. (2004) World catalog of the Stephanidae (Hymenoptera: Stephanoidea). Zootaxa, 753, 1 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 464.1.1","Hong, C. D., van Achterberg, C. & Xu, Z. F. (2011) A revision of the Chinese Stephanidae (Hymenoptera, Stephanoidea). ZooKeys, 110, 1 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 110.918","Enderlein, G. (1913) Die Stephaniden Formosas. Zoologische Anzeiger, 42, 202 - 212."]}

Parastephanellus yixiwui Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. Figs 70���91 Parastephanellus matsumotoi; Hong et al. 2011: 43 ���44 (p.p.). Type material. Holotype, ♀ (NWUX), ���NW China: Shaanxi, Meixian, Taibai Mt., Haopingsi to Dadian, swept, N34.4�� E107.46��, 16.vii.2017, alt. 1251 m, T. Zhou & Y-X. Wu, NWUX���. Paratypes (2 ♀+ 11 ♂): 4 ♂ (NWUX) same data as holotype; 1 ♀ + 7 ♂ (NWUX, RMNH), same data, but Jiangli Tan; 1 ♀ (NWUX) ���NW China: Shaanxi, Ningshaan, Xunyangba, N33��54��� E108��55���, Malaise trap, 17.viii-3.x.2016, alt. 1481 m, Jiangli Tan, NWUX���; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), ���[China:] Henan, Songxian, Mt. Baiyun, 19.vii.1996., Cai Ping, No. 972997���. Diagnosis. Ivory streak of temple distinctly contrasting with dark brown posterior part of temple in lateral view (Fig. 80), separated from occipital carina in dorsal view (Figs 79, 89); temples moderately angulate to rather rounded in dorsal view (Figs 79, 89); frons of ♀ largely dark brown; medio-anteriorly pronotum gradually arising behind neck (Figs 70, 73); pronotum below tegulae costate (Fig. 73); posterior part of pronotum and mesoscutum low in lateral view (Fig. 70); vein 1-M of fore wing approx. 1.4 �� vein m-cu and 1.3���1.5 �� vein 1-SR (Fig. 72); vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Fig. 72); vein m-cu of fore wing approx. 1.5 �� longer than vein 2-SR+M; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing surpassing level of apex of vein r; first metasomal tergite of ♀ moderately slender, 6.2���7.2 �� as long as wide (Fig. 75); pygidial area of ♀ moderately emarginated apically, distinctly protruding and truncate latero-apically (Fig. 71); ovipositor sheath 1.4��� 1.7 �� as long as body and 2.5���2.8 �� as long as fore wing. Thanks to the large series from Taibai Mt. it became obvious that the specimens with gradually lowered anterior slope of the pronotum are a separate species because the different pronotum is combined with different venation of the fore wing and different shape of the pygidial area (see couplet 1 of the key). Runs in the key to Parastephanellus by Elliott (1928) either to P. rubripictus Elliott, 1917, or to P. polychromus Kieffer, 1916. The new species differs from P. rubripictus by having the ovipositor sheath 1.4���1.7 �� as long as body (about as long as body in P. rubripictus), moderately wide and medium-sized pterostigma (long and narrow) and the coriaceousfoveolate propodeum (coarsely reticulate-rugose). It differs from P. polychromus by having the ovipositor sheath 1.4���1.7 �� as long as body (about as long as body in P. polychromus), the pterostigma approx. 6 �� as long as wide (8���10 x) and the frons of ♀ black (of ♀ red). The long ovipositor sheath, low posterior part of pronotum and moderately long first metasomal tergite are shared by P. mufeedae Narendran & Surashan, 2001 (Narendran & Surashan 2001) from S. India. The new species differs by having the ivory streak of the temple remaining far removed from the occipital carina in dorsal view (ivory streak ends close to occipital carina, behind middle level of carina in P. mufeedae), the frons wide, minimum width of frons approx. 2.3 �� maximum width of eye in anterior view (approx. 1.7 x), and vertex behind posterior level of eyes distinctly transversely rugose (smooth). Description. Holotype, ♀, length of body 11.8 mm, of fore wing 7.8 mm, and of ovipositor sheath 19.7 mm (Fig. 83). Head. Antenna with 35 segments, third segment without circular sensillum ventrally, fourth segment with 6 circular sensilla; frons coarsely transversely rugose (Fig. 78); three anterior coronal teeth large and lobe-shaped (Fig. 79), both posterior ones narrow lamelliform and arcuate; vertex largely coarsely transversely rugose anteriorly, near occipital carina only medially transversely aciculate; temple convex, smooth (except some setiferous punctures) and shiny (Fig. 80), rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 79). Mesosoma. Neck short and transversely carinate, anteriorly distinctly emarginated (Fig. 75), posteriorly with transverse groove in front of low and oblique posterior part of pronotum (Fig. 73), posterior part very finely rugulose medio-anteriorly, costate below tegula (Figs 73, 74); propleuron largely smooth and shiny except laterally; mesopleuron coriaceous and shiny (except anteriorly), medially superficially foveolate (Fig. 73), anteriorly rather densely silvery setose; scutellum with fine curved aciculae medially and foveolate laterally (Fig. 74); propodeum remotely foveolate and with wide coriaceous interspaces, posteriorly with two pairs of smooth and strongly shiny shallow depressions (Figs 74, 75); metapleuron very coarsely foveolate-reticulate and convex medially. Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 72): pterostigma 5.8 �� as long as wide and rather abruptly rounded apically; vein 1-M 1.4 �� as long as vein 1-SR and as long as vein m-cu; vein cu-a distinctly antefurcal and subvertical; vein 2-SR 1.7 �� as long as vein r; vein r ends near level of apex of pterostigma; basal part of pterostigma 2.4 �� as long as apical part (Fig. 72); vein 1-M and vein r nearly straight; vein 1-SR 1.2 �� as long as parastigmal vein; vein 3-CU1 largely nebulous and widened posteriorly, only basal 0.2 tubular (Fig. 72). Legs. Hind coxa elongated, 3.1 �� longer than wide, with large flattened cellular-granulate dorso-lateral area (Fig. 76), remainder largely coarsely rugose; hind femur coriaceous, ventrally with 2 large teeth and one smaller basal tooth (Fig. 77); hind tibia 1.2 �� as long as hind femur, largely coriaceous and ventrally with oblique carinae, inner side with distinct c-shaped impression and yellowish setose, basal narrow part of hind tibia as long as widened part; ventral length of hind basitarsus 5.2 �� as long as wide. Metasoma. First tergite densely transversely striate, 6.2 �� as long as its maximum width (Fig. 75), 2.4 �� second tergite and 0.85 �� metasoma without first tergite; second tergite basally slightly rugulose; remainder of metasoma rather shiny and very superficially coriaceous; pygidial area triangularly depressed, apically moderately circularly emarginated and latero-apically truncate and moderately protruding (Fig. 71); ovipositor sheath 1.6 �� as long as body Fig. 43) and 2.53 �� as long as fore wing. Colour. Black or blackish brown; temple with ivory streak along eye widened dorsally, well differentiated and remaining far from occipital carina (Figs 70, 79, 80); middle tibia basally and narrowly apically and basal half of middle basitarsus white; remainder of tarsi, basal half of hind tibia and four basal antennal segments brown; palpi pale yellowish but basally dark brown; face, temple posteriorly, tegula, frons ventrally, fore leg largely (except tarsus and coxa), middle femur, apical half of hind tibia largely, pterostigma (except whitish base) and veins dark brown; apex of hind coxa partly ivory (Fig. 49); wing membrane slightly infuscated. Variation. Female: length of body 11.4���17.2 mm, of fore wing 7.3���10.4 mm, and of ovipositor sheath 15.5��� 28.0 mm; vein 1-M of fore wing 1.3���1.5 �� vein 1-SR; first metasomal tergite of ♀ 6.2���7.2 �� its maximum width; ovipositor sheath 1.4���1.7 �� as long as body; wing membrane slightly to distinctly infuscated. Male (Fig. 84): similar to female but frons and face yellowish, and temple posteriorly brown to dark brown (Figs 85, 88); length of body 6.6���11.7 mm, and of fore wing 4.2���7.2 mm; length of first tergite 7.7���8.7 �� its maximum width; parameres convex, long to medium-sized and densely setose (Fig. 86); pygidial process medium-sized, yellowish brown (as remainder of tergite and base of parameres: Figs 82, 86). Distribution. China (* Henan, * Shaanxi). Etymology. Named after one of the collectors of the holotype, the 8-year-old nephew of the first author: Yi-Xi Wu, means a rare thing is expensive., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tan, Qing-Qing, Zhou, Tong & Li, Tao, 2018, Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) revisited, with description of two new species from China, pp. 327-349 in Zootaxa 4459 (2) on pages 342-345, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/1458671, {"references":["Hong, C. D., van Achterberg, C. & Xu, Z. F. (2011) A revision of the Chinese Stephanidae (Hymenoptera, Stephanoidea). ZooKeys, 110, 1 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 110.918","Elliott, E. A. (1928) New Stephanidae from Borneo and the Philippine Islands. IV. Philippine Journal of Science, 35 (4), 439 - 453.","Narendran, T. C. & Sureshan, P. M. (2001) A new species of Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) from India. Zoos' Print Journal, 16 (10), 597 - 599. https: // doi. org / 10.11609 / JoTT. ZPJ. 16.10.597 - 9"]}

Key to species of the genus Parastephanellus Enderlein from China 1 Medio-anteriorly pronotum steeply arising behind neck (Figs 19, 27, 63); emargination of pygidial area of ♀ wide (Figs 22, 66); vein 1-M of fore wing 1.1���1.5 �� (rarely up to 1.6 x) vein 1-SR (Figs 18, 62); pale streak of temple rather narrow dorsally and distinctly remaining removed from occipital carina (Figs 26, 69); [ovipositor sheath 1.4���1.8 �� as long as body; frons of ♀ largely dark brown, but yellowish in ♂; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing surpassing level of apex of vein r (Figs 18, 62); temples moderately angulate to rounded in dorsal view (Figs 25, 68)]......................................... 2 - Medio-anteriorly pronotum gradually arising behind neck (Figs 4, 12); emargination of pygidial area of ♀ usually narrower (Figs 6, 54, 71, 93); vein 1-M of fore wing 1.5���2.2 �� vein 1-SR (Figs 3, 11, 45; but 1.3���1.5 �� in P. yixiwui; Fig. 72); pale streak of temple variable, but usually close to occipital carina (Figs 9, 17, 46, 57, 99), except in P. yixiwui (Figs 80, 85, 89)....... 3 2 Hind coxa of ♀ 2.1���2.2 �� as long as wide in dorso-lateral view (Fig. 21; ♂ up to 2.6 ��, measured over flat aciculate or coriaceous area in dorso-lateral view: Fig. 2); first metasomal tergite 4.4���5.5 �� as long as its maximum width (Fig. 30); hind tibia 1.2 �� as long as hind femur (Fig. 23); temple behind pale streak chestnut to orange brown (Fig. 26); vein r of fore wing ends near level of apex of pterostigma (Figs 18, 28); [middle basitarsus of ♀ 6���7 �� as long as its medial width; first discal cell of fore wing comparatively narrow and its length approx. 3.1 �� as long as vein 1-M (Fig. 18)]......................................................................................... P. brevicoxalis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011 - Hind coxa of ♀ 2.7���3.0 �� as long as wide in dorso-lateral view (Fig. 65); first metasomal tergite 6.8���7.5 �� as long as its maximum width; hind tibia 1.1 �� as long as hind femur; temple behind pale streak dark brown (Fig. 69); vein r of fore wing ends far behind level of apex of pterostigma (Fig. 62)................................... P. matsumotoi van Achterberg, 2006 3 Pterostigma obtuse apically (Fig. 92); pronotum stout in dorsal view (Fig. 94); yellowish streak of temple reaching occipital carina dorsally (Fig. 98); pronotum below tegulae with some rugulae (Fig. 93); pygidial area of ♀ not protruding latero-api- cally and emargination shallow (Fig. 95); ovipositor sheath approximately as long as body; first metasomal tergite of ♀ approximately 4 �� as long as its maximum width; [vein 1-M of fore wing 2.2 �� vein 1-SR and 1.3 �� vein m-cu; propodeum medially densely foveolate and interspaces small; laterally pronotum dark brown (Fig. 91)]........................................................................................ P. zhejiangensis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011 - Pterostigma roundly narrowed apically (Figs 45, 72); pronotum relatively slender in dorsal view (Figs 48, 74) or robust (Figs 13, 37); yellowish streak of temple remain separated from occipital carina in dorsal view (Figs. 53, 60, 79); pronotum below tegulae costate (Fig. 63); pygidial area of ♀ distinctly protruding latero-apically and emargination moderately deep (Figs 6, 71), but intermediate in P. evexus (Fig. 54); ovipositor sheath 1.3���1.7 �� as long as body (unknown of P. brevistigma); if about as long as body (P. evexus) then first metasomal tergite of ♀ 9���10 �� as long as its maximum width (Fig. 44).............. 4 4 Vein 1-SR of fore wing weakly angled with vein 1-M and about as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Fig. 35); first discal cell of fore wing narrow and distinctly parallel-sided (Fig. 35); vein m-cu of fore wing about as long as vein 2-SR+M (Fig. 35); pronotum yellowish brown and distinctly paler than mesoscutum (Fig. 36); [vein 1-M of fore wing 2.1 �� vein 1-SR and 1.1 �� vein m-cu; temple yellowish posteriorly and ivory streak slightly contrasting with it (Fig. 42); anterior part of mesoscutum in dorsal view rather shiny and (except for 3 crenulate grooves) largely smooth (Fig. 36); frons regularly transversely rugose medially; only male holotype known from Taiwan, males from continental China belong to P. austrochinensis Belokobylskij]......................................................................................... P. brevistigma Enderlein, 1913 - Vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and 2���4 �� as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Figs 3, 11 45, 72), rarely shorter; first discal cell of fore wing moderately wide and less parallel-sided (Fig. 3, 11, 72); vein m-cu of fore wing much longer than vein 2-SR+M (Figs 3, 11, 72); pronotum variable, usually dark brown or blackish, similar to colour of mesoscutum (Figs 46, 73) or at least dorsally so (Figs 5, 48)...................................................................... 5 5 Frons of ♀ narrow (Fig. 7); vein cu-a of fore wing sinuate and posteriorly distinctly reclivous (Fig. 3); vein 1-M of fore wing 1.3 �� vein m-cu (Fig. 3); hind femur shiny and largely (except medially) smooth; yellowish streak of temple surpassing upper level of occipital carina in dorsal view (Fig. 8); first metasomal tergite of ♀ approximately 8.3 �� as long as its maximum width; pygidial area of ♀ distinctly protruding latero-apically (Fig. 6); [temples of ♀ distinctly angulate in dorsal view (Fig. 8); laterally pronotum chestnut brown (Fig. 4); basal part of pterostigma about 1.5 �� as long as vein r (Fig. 3); distance from dorsally widened pale streak on temple to occipital carina in dorsal view less than width of streak (Fig. 8)]...................................................................................... P. angulatus Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011 - Frons of ♀ moderately wide (Figs 52, 78); vein cu-a of fore wing nearly straight and posteriorly slightly reclivous (Figs 11, 45, 72); vein 1-M of fore wing 0.9���1.1 �� vein m-cu (Figs 11, 45, 72), rarely 1.2 ��; hind femur with satin sheen and largely microsculptured (Figs 14, 50, 77); size of yellowish streak of temple variable (Figs 16, 53, 60, 79); first metasomal tergite of ♀ 4.8��� 7.2 �� as long as its maximum width (Fig. 75), if up to 9.5���10.9 �� as long as wide (Fig. 44) then pygidial area of ♀ hardly protruding latero-apically (Fig. 54)6 6 First metasomal tergite of ♀ very slender, approx. 9.5 �� as long as wide (Fig. 44), of ♂ 8.7���10.9 ��; ovipositor sheath approximately as long as body and 1.8 �� as long as fore wing; hind femur in front of middle tooth hardly dentate (Figs 43, 50, 55); sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing up to level of apex of vein r (Fig. 45); pygidial area of ♀ not protruding and rounded latero-apically (Figs 43, 54); temples of ♀ strongly angulate in dorsal view (Fig. 53, but rounded in ♂: Fig. 60); [posterior part of pronotum and mesoscutum moderately high in lateral view (Fig. 43)]............................... P. evexus sp. n. - First metasomal tergite of ♀ less slender, 6.2���7.2 �� as long as wide (Fig. 75), of ♂ up to 8.7 ��; ovipositor sheath 1.4���1.7 �� as long as body and 2.5���2.8 �� as long as fore wing; hind femur in front of middle tooth distinctly dentate (Figs 14, 77, 90); pygidial area of ♀ distinctly protruding and truncate latero-apically (Fig. 71); temples of ♀ rounded to moderately angulate in dorsal view (Fig. 79); sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing surpassing level of apex of vein r (Figs 11, 72)................. 7 7 Posterior part of pronotum very low (Figs 73, 85); frons of ♀ dark brown (Fig. 78; yellow in ♂: 88); first metasomal tergite slender, 6.2���7.2 �� as long as wide (Fig. 75); pronotum black, and in dorsal view less robust and posterior part partly coarsely sculptured (Fig. 74)....................................................................... P. yixiwui sp. n. - Posterior part of pronotum comparatively high (Fig. 12); frons of both sexes brownish yellow (Fig. 15); first metasomal tergite rather robust, approximately 5 �� as long as its maximum width; pronotum orange brown, and in dorsal view robust and posterior part superficially sculptured (Fig. 13); [frons transversely rugose; ivory streak of temple hardly contrasting with yellowish remainder of temple (Fig. 17; ♂, but slightly more in ♀)]............... P. austrochinensis Belokobylskij, 1995, reinstated, Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tan, Qing-Qing, Zhou, Tong & Li, Tao, 2018, Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) revisited, with description of two new species from China, pp. 327-349 in Zootaxa 4459 (2) on pages 328-329, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/1458671, {"references":["Hong, C. D., van Achterberg, C. & Xu, Z. F. (2011) A revision of the Chinese Stephanidae (Hymenoptera, Stephanoidea). ZooKeys, 110, 1 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 110.918","van Achterberg, C. & Quicke, D. L. J. (2006) Taxonomic notes on Old World Stephanidae (Hymenoptera): description of Parastephanellus matsumotoi sp. n. from Japan, redescription of Commatopus xanthocephalus (Cameron) and keys to the genera Profoenatopus van Achterberg and Megischus Brulle. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 149, 215 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 22119434 - 900000202","Enderlein, G. (1913) Die Stephaniden Formosas. Zoologische Anzeiger, 42, 202 - 212.","Belokobylskij, S. A. (1995) Stephanoidea. In: Lehr, P. A. (Ed.), Key to the insects of Russian far East. IU. Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Part 2. Hymenoptera. Dal'nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 15 - 24."]}

Parastephanellus zhejiangensis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011 Figs 92–99 Parastephanellus zhejiangensis Hong et al. 2011: 44, 45. Diagnosis. Pale yellowish streak of temple moderately contrasting with brown posterior part of temple in lateral view (Fig. 99), reaching occipital carina in dorsal view (Fig. 98); temples slightly angulate in dorsal view (Fig. 98); frons of ♀ largely orange brown (Fig. 97); medio-anteriorly pronotum gradually arising behind neck (Fig. 93); pronotum below tegulae with some rugulae (Fig. 93); pronotum stout in dorsal view (Fig. 94); vein 1-M of fore wing approx. 1.3 × as long as vein m-cu and 2.2 × vein 1-SR (Fig. 92); vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and about as long as vein 2-M+CU1 (Fig. 92); vein m-cu of fore wing approx. 2.5 × longer than vein 2- SR+M; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing surpassing level of apex of vein r; vein r of fore wing ends near level of apex of pterostigma (Fig. 92); pterostigma obtuse apically (Fig. 92); hind coxa of ♀ approx. 3 × as long as wide in dorso-lateral view (Fig. 96); first metasomal tergite of ♀ robust, approximately 4 × as long as its maximum width; pygidial area of ♀ not protruding latero-apically and emargination shallow (Fig. 95); ovipositor sheath approximately as long as body. Distribution. China (Zhejiang).

Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, He, Yi-Fei, Carpenter, James M. (2018): Northeast Asian Allorhynchium van der Vecht (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with a key to Oriental species. Zootaxa 4434 (1): 49-64, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4434.1.3

Allorhynchium quadrimaculatum Gusenleitner, 1997 (Figs 4, 56���65) Allorhynchium quadrimaculatum Gusenleitner, 1997: 759, 2011: 1362; Girish Kumar et al. 2016: 34. Material. 1 ♂ (RMNH), ��� N. Vietnam: Vinh Phuc, Tam Dao, 930 m, N 21��31��, E109��33��, 27���29.ix.2017, hand net, C. v. Achterberg, RMNH ���. Redescribed ♂ from Vietnam (Tam Dao), body length 12.1 mm (measured from anterior border of head to the posterior margin of tergum II (T2)); fore wing length 12.9 mm. Head. In frontal view narrowed ventrally, about as wide as high (Fig. 62), its width 2.5 �� its median length in dorsal view (Fig. 63). Vertex densely covered with very coarse, flat-bottomed punctures, punctures strongly raised forming a reticulate pattern, gradually contracted behind eye (Fig. 63), without cephalic foveae; distance from posterior ocelli to occipital carina slightly longer than twice distance from posterior ocelli to inner eye margin (Fig. 63). Gena and frons reticulate as vertex, gena narrower than eye in lateral view (Fig. 57), strongly depressed near occipital carina, in lateral view 0.8 �� as wide as eye (measured through ocular sinus); occipital carina complete, present along entire length of gena and rather narrow (Fig. 57). Inner eye margins convergent ventrally; in frontal view about 1.2 �� further apart from each other at vertex than at clypeus. Clypeus moderately punctate (Fig. 62), in lateral view weakly and evenly convex; in frontal view 0.8 �� as wide as high, with apical margin strongly emarginate medially, with sharp lateral teeth (Fig. 62); width of emargination less than 0.4 �� maximum width of clypeus. Mandible with three teeth, outer one pointed apically. Antennal scape 3.7 �� as long as its maximum width (Fig. 61); F1 1.6 �� as long as its width, F2���3 slightly longer than wide, F4 as wide as long, F5���8 weakly wider than long, F9 narrower apically, 1.2 ��longer than wide, with a ventral notch for F 10���11 in curved position, F10 small, F11 slender and slightly curved, hook-like, reaching to the basal margin of F9 (Figs 61, 65). Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.1 �� longer than wide in dorsal view (Fig. 58). Pronotal carina slightly raised, reaching ventral corner of pronotum but not protruding (Fig. 58); anterior face of pronotum smooth medially with sparse punctures laterally. Mesoscutum without prescutal furrows, convex, slightly wider than long between tegulae; anterior margin broadly rounded (Fig. 58). Scutellum convex, in lateral view at same level with mesoscutum, scuto-scutellar suture strongly depressed and crenulate (Fig. 58). Punctation of pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum similar to that of frons; mesepisternum with dense, coarse, well-defined punctures postero-dorsally, barely punctured antero-ventrally; epicnemial carina present; dorsally metapleuron with few strong striae; ventral metapleuron with sparse shallow punctures (Fig. 57). Metanotum slightly sloping down to apical margin, forming part of dorsal surface of mesonotum. Propodeum vertical, dorsally propodeum coarsely reticulate-punctate, not protruding medio-dorsally, median area of propodeum moderately concave (Figs 58, 59), sparsely punctate with oblique faint striations ventrally, medio-longitudinal carina complete, propodeum reticulate latero-dorsally and sparsely punctate latero-ventrally; submarginal carina not projecting as rounded lobe above propodeal valvula (Fig. 60). Tegula smooth, emarginate near parategula and not exceeding parategula; axillary fossa narrower than long, slit-like (Fig. 58). Wings. Fore wing: Parastigma longer than half the length of pterostigma, measured along posterior part (Fig. 56); second submarginal cell sessile, first and second recurrent veins both received in second submarginal cell; vein 2r-m relatively close to wing apex anteriorly (Fig. 56). Metasoma. T1 0.8 �� narrower than T2, truncate at base; anterior vertical surface with sparse minute punctures, well-separated from its posterior horizontal part, with dense punctures and a transverse depression on anterior 1/3 of dorsal portion (Fig. 59), transverse rim complete and rather low; punctures of apical 2/3 portion of T1 moderately dense; maximum width of T1 1.8 �� its length in dorsal view; T2 punctate, 1.4 �� wider than long; S2 protruding medially into a transverse crest (Figs 4, 60); terminal sternum (S7) with two teeth basally (Fig. 64). Color. Black (including legs and tegula); clypeus except lateral and apical margins, a narrow line on inner margin of eye from base of clypeus to ocular sinus, lateral band of T2 subapically and propodeal vulva yellow (Figs 4, 60); wings entirely strongly infuscated with bluish coppery sheen (Fig. 56). Female. According to the original description, similar to male, but clypeus entirely black, S 2 in lateral view evenly convex, somewhat steeper toward basal groove, and sternites with short pubescence only (Gusenleitner 1997). Distribution. Laos, * Vietnam. New record for Vietnam., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, He, Yi-Fei & Carpenter, James M., 2018, Northeast Asian Allorhynchium van der Vecht (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with a key to Oriental species, pp. 49-64 in Zootaxa 4434 (1) on pages 57-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4434.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1290962, {"references":["Gusenleitner, J. (1997) Allorhynchium quadrimaculatum nov. spec., eine neue Art aus Laos (Hymenoptera, Eumenidae). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 29, 759 - 761.","Girish Kumar P., Carpenter, J. M. & Sureshan, P. M. (2016) Additions to the knowledge of the genus Allorhynchium van der Vecht from the Indian subcontinent with the description of a new species from Kerala (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Halteres, 7, 29 - 34."]}

Allorhynchium diffinis (Giordani Soika, 1986) comb. nov. (Figs 1, 2, 27���32) Archancistrocerus diffinis Giordani Soika, 1986b: 143 ���146. Type material. Holotype, ♀ (USNM), CHINA, Szechwan, between Yachow and Suifu, 1000���2200 ft, vi.27���vii.4, 1930, DC Graham; Type no. 104005 U.S. N.M., ��� Holotype Archancistrocerus diffinis, A. Giordani Soika ���. Redescribed holotype, ♀, body length 13.2 mm (measured from anterior border of head to the posterior margin of T2; fore wing length 11.4 mm. Head. In frontal view narrowed ventrally, slightly wider than high (Fig. 31), its width 1.9 �� its median length in dorsal view (Fig. 32). Vertex densely covered with very coarse, punctate-reticulate, swell behind eye and then contracted (Fig. 32), without cephalic foveae; distance from posterior ocelli to occipital carina 2.2 �� longer than distance from posterior ocelli to inner eye margin (Fig. 32). Gena and frons reticulate as vertex, gena narrower than eye in lateral view (Fig. 28), strongly depressed near occipital carina, in lateral view 0.8 �� as wide as eye (measured through ocular sinus); occipital carina complete, present along entire length of gena and rather narrow (Fig. 28). Inner eye margins convergent ventrally; in frontal view about equal apart from each other at vertex to at clypeus. Clypeus vermiculate-reticulate (Fig. 31), in frontal view 1.1 �� wider than high, with apical margin strongly emarginate medially, with sharp lateral teeth (Fig. 31); width of emargination 0.3 �� maximum width of clypeus. Mesosoma. Pronotal carina slightly raised, reaching ventral corner of pronotum (Fig. 28); anterior face of pronotum smooth medially with sparse punctures laterally. Mesoscutum without prescutal furrows, convex, 0.9�� wider than long between tegulae (Fig. 29). Pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum coarsely punctatereticulate; mesepisternum with coarse, reticulate-punctures postero-dorsally, barely punctured antero-ventrally; epicnemial carina present (Fig. 28). Metanotum slightly sloping down to apical margin, forming part of dorsal surface of mesonotum. Propodeum vertical, dorsally propodeum coarsely punctate-reticulate, median area of propodeum moderately concave (Figs 29), propodeum reticulate latero-dorsally and sparsely punctate lateroventrally; submarginal carina not projecting as rounded lobe above propodeal valvula (Fig. 28). Tegula smooth, emarginate near parategula and not exceeding parategula; axillary fossa narrower than long, slit-like (Fig. 29). Wings. Fore wing: Parastigma longer than half the length of pterostigma, measured along posterior part (Fig. 27); second submarginal cell sessile, first and second recurrent veins both received in second submarginal cell; vein 2r-m relatively close to wing apex anteriorly, the fourth abscissa of the vein Rs about half the length of the third (Fig. 27). Metasoma. T1 punctate, with distinct transverse rim medio-laterally (Figs 29, 30), truncate at base, 0.4�� as long as T 2 in dorsal view (Figs 1, 30); maximum width of T1 1.9 �� its length in dorsal view; T2 punctate, about as wide as long (Fig. 30). Color. Generally black but tegula, clypeus, inter-antennal area, pronotum anteriorly, metanotum, mesepisternum dorsally and propodeum laterally, rim and apical bands of T1, lateral spots and apical band T2, subapically and propodeal valvula, small patches on anterior coxa and apex of femur yellow (Figs 1, 2); wings entirely yellowish tinged with veins infuscate (Fig. 27). Distribution. China (Sichuan, Fujian)., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, He, Yi-Fei & Carpenter, James M., 2018, Northeast Asian Allorhynchium van der Vecht (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with a key to Oriental species, pp. 49-64 in Zootaxa 4434 (1) on pages 55-57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4434.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1290962, {"references":["Giordani Soika, A. (1986 b) Eumenidi paleartic i nuovi o poco noti. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 35 (1984), 91 - 162."]}

Allorhynchium van der Vecht, 1963 Figs 1–70 Allorhynchium van der Vecht, 1963: 57 –60; Baltazar 1966: 299; van der Vecht and Fischer 1972: 107; Cardale 1985: 165; Carpenter 1986: 64; Giordani Soika 1986a: 86, 1986b: 139–141, 1991: 163, 165, 1992: 41, 51, 1993: 29, 1996: 37; Gusenleitner 1988: 182, 1991: 262, 1997: 759, 1998: 508, 2000: 945; 2003: 855, 859, 2006a: 693, 2006b: 1304, 2007: 971, 2011: 1362; Nugroho et al., 2012: 75 –77; Nguyen et al. 2014: 8; Girish Kumar & Sharma 2014: 234, 238, 2015: 21–25; Pham & Li 2015: 134; Girish Kumar et al. 2016: 30 –34; Pannure et al. 2016: 22, 23. Type species (by original designation): Vespa argentata Fabricius, 1804. Archancistrocerus Giordani Soika, 1986b: 143 –146. Type species (by original designation): Archancistrocerus diffinis Giordani Soika, 1986. Syn. nov. Diagnosis. Vein 2r-m of fore wing closer to apex of marginal cell than to base of vein 1r-m, the fourth abscissa of the vein Rs usually only about half the length of the third (Fig. 5); metanotum (“postscutellum”) at same level as mesoscutum or slightly oblique in lateral view (Fig. 51), but never with pronounced declivous posterior part; propodeum medio-anteriorly near level of metanotum (Fig. 51) or protruding (Fig. 29); T1 often with tendency to form a transverse rim at the junction of the anterior and the dorsal faces (van der Vecht 1963) or having the junction of both faces angular in lateral view; sometimes S2 of ♂ armed with a flattened tubercle, two teeth or a transverse rim (Fig. 4); S7 of ♂ with 1–3 teeth (Fig. 64), pair of lobes or with a shiny and flat uplifted area (Fig. 44); basal lamina of volsella with a long spine (Fig. 60). Notes. After examination of the holotype of Archancistrocerus diffinis Giordani Soika (Figs 1–2, 27–32) and the redescription of the male of Allorhynchium quadrimaculatum Gusenleitner (Figs 4, 56–65), it became obvious that the first species belongs to Allorhynchium van der Vecht. It has the typical distal position of vein 2r-m of the fore wing and a pronounced transverse (medially interrupted) rim on T1, the latter is also present in A. quadrimaculatum (Fig. 59). This leaves only the vermiculate-rugose clypeus and the richer yellowish pattern of the body to separate Archancistrocerus from Allorhynchium; both of these traits are considered too variable within Allorhynchium to be used as generic key characters. The key below treats the Oriental species (including the southeastern Palaearctic area); both species restricted to Wallacea (Sulawesi and Moluccas) and Australia are excluded. Allorhynchium unifasciatum (von Schulthess, 1934) is reported by Giordani Soika (1986b) from China, but subsequently this species was designated as the genotype of Kennethia (Giordani Soika, 1994), a junior homonym replaced by Orientalicesa Koçak & Kemal, 2010. Additional key characters are given in square brackets., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, He, Yi-Fei & Carpenter, James M., 2018, Northeast Asian Allorhynchium van der Vecht (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with a key to Oriental species, pp. 49-64 in Zootaxa 4434 (1) on pages 50-51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4434.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1290962, {"references":["van der Vecht, J. (1963) Studies on Indo-Australian and East Asiatic Eumenidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 60, 1 - 116.","Baltazar, C. R. (1966) A catalogue of Philippine Hymenoptera (with a bibliography, 1758 - 1963). Pacific Insects Monograph, 8, 1 - 488.","van der Vecht, J. & Fischer, F. C. J. (1972) Palaearctic Eumenidae. Hymenopterorum catalogus, Nova Editio, 8, 1 - 199.","Cardale, J. C. (1985) Hymenoptera. Vespoidea and Sphecoidea. Pp. 150 - 303. Zoological Catalog of Australia, 2, i - vi + 1 - 381.","Carpenter, J. M. (1986) A synonymic generic checklist of the Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Psyche, 93, 61 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1986 / 12489","Giordani Soika, A. (1986 a) Eumenidi di Okinawa e delle Filippiner accolti da J. Kojima. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 35 (1984), 67 - 89.","Gusenleitner, J. (1988) Uber Eumenidae aus Thailand, mit einer Bestimmungstabelle fur orientalische Labus - Arten (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 20, 173 - 198.","Nugroho, H., Kojima, J. & Carpenter, J. M. (2012) Checklist of vespid species (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae) occurring in Indonesian Archipelago. Treubia, 38 [2011], 71 - 186.","Nguyen, L. T. P., Dang, H. T., Kojima, J. & Carpenter, J. M. (2014) An annotated distributional checklist of solitary wasps of the subfamily Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of Vietnam. Entomologica Americana, 120 (1), 7 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1664 / 13 - RA- 010.1","Girish Kumar, P. G & Sharma, G. (2014) Taxonomic Studies on vespid wasps (Vespidae: Vespoidea: Hymenoptera: Insecta) of Rajasthan, India with six new records from the state. Journal on New Biological Reports, 3 (3), 240 - 258.","Pham, P. H. & Li, T. J. (2015) A first list of vespid wasps from Vietnam (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Russian Entomological Journal, 24 (2), 133 - 144.","Girish Kumar P., Carpenter, J. M. & Sureshan, P. M. (2016) Additions to the knowledge of the genus Allorhynchium van der Vecht from the Indian subcontinent with the description of a new species from Kerala (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Halteres, 7, 29 - 34.","Pannure, A., Belavadi, V. V. & Carpenter, J. M. (2016) Taxonomic studies on potter wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) of South India. Zootaxa, 4171 (1), 1 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4171.1.1","Fabricius, J. C. (1804) Systema Piezatorum, secundum: Ordines, Genera, Species adiectis Synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Apud Carolum Reichard, Brunsvigae, 439 pp.","Giordani Soika, A. (1986 b) Eumenidi paleartic i nuovi o poco noti. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 35 (1984), 91 - 162.","von Schulthess, A. (1934) Zur kenntnis der Odynerus arten (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) der Japanischen subregion (China, Japan, Formosa, Philippinen). Arbeiten uber morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie aus Berlin-Dahlem, 1, 66 - 103."]}

Key to Oriental species of Allorhynchium van der Vecht 1 T1 with distinct transverse rim medio-laterally (Figs 29, 30); clypeus vermiculate-reticulate (Fig. 31); tegula, clypeus of ♀, inter-antennal area, pronotum anteriorly, metanotum, mesepisternum dorsally and propodeum laterally, yellow (Figs 1, 2); S7 of ♂ with 3 small teeth basally (Fig. 44 in Giordani Soika, 1986b); [T2 densely punctate or reticulate basally]; China (Sichuan, Fujian)............................................................ A. diffinis (Giordani Soika, 1986) comb. n. - T1 more or less evenly rounded medio-laterally (Figs 42, 43, 52), but intermediate in some species, e.g. A. quadrimaculatum (Fig. 59); clypeus punctate (Fig. 62), sometimes reticulate rugose-punctate (Fig. 53); tegula black or reddish brown; clypeus of ♀, inter-antennal area, pronotum anteriorly, metanotum, mesepisternum dorsally and propodeum laterally, black (Fig. 4); S7 of ♂ either with 2 small teeth basally (Fig. 64) or with only a shiny and flat elevation (Figs 16, 44)....................... 2 2 Occipital carina wide laterally (Fig. 13); medio-dorsally propodeum with serrate crest protruding above medial depression (Fig. 19); propodeum deeply concave and strongly shiny medially (Figs 15, 23); clypeus of ♂ entirely black; smooth area on S7 of ♂ distinctly protruding postero-ventrally (Fig. 16); China (Sichuan, Taiwan; Guangzhou, Macao, Jiangxi (NWUX), Shanghai, *Henan (NWUX), *Fujian (RMNH)), Vietnam,?Philippines (fide Marco Selis: the presence of this species in the Philippines is quite doubtful and could be a misidentification of A. violaceipenne or an undescribed species common in many islands of the archipelago)...................................................... A. chinense (de Saussure, 1862) - Occipital carina medium-sized laterally (Figs 41, 50, 57); medio-dorsally propodeum not protruding above medial depression (Figs 47, 59), at most with a serrate margin (Fig. 7); propodeum shallowly to moderately concave and with satin sheen medially (Figs 7, 43, 55, 59); clypeus of ♂ often partly ivory or yellowish; smooth area on S7 of ♂ often slightly protruding postero-ventrally (Fig. 8)................................................................................ 3 3 Clypeus with narrow V-shaped or circular medio-apical emargination and wide apico-lateral lobes (Fig. 66); clypeus of ♂ with pale yellowish longitudinal band and remainder black; veins and membrane of basal half of fore wing yellowish; vertex of ♀ with tuft of setae in small depression (“cephalic fovea’) medio-dorsally; [T1 and T2 black apically]; Indonesia (Java).................................................................................. A. concolor van der Vecht, 1963 - Clypeus broadly emarginated and with apico-lateral lobes or teeth narrow (Figs 67–69) or truncate (Figs 70, 71) apically; clypeus of ♂ variable, often with pale yellowish transverse band basally; colour of veins and membrane of basal half of fore wing variable; vertex of ♀ often without setose cephalic fovea (but present in A. violaceipenne, A. obscurum, A. vollenhoveni and A. cariniventre).................................................................................... 4 4 Lateral areas of pronotum in dorsal view flattened and with distinct protuberance laterally; T1 rather angulate in lateral view; vertex of ♀ with tuft of setae in small cephalic fovea medio-dorsally............................................ 5 - Lateral areas of pronotum in dorsal view convex and at most slightly protruding laterally; T1 often rounded in lateral view; vertex of ♀ often without tuft of setae in small cephalic fovea medio-dorsally (but present in A. obscurum and A. violaceipenne);.............................................................................................. 6 5 Veins and membrane of basal 0.6 of fore wing yellowish; clypeus truncate apically or nearly so (Figs 70, 71); [S2 of ♂ (if width of pronotum 4–5 mm) with pair of truncate protuberances, but size varies and in small specimens (width of pronotum 3– 4 mm) entirely lacking]; Indonesia (Sunda area); [syn.: Rhynchium mamillatum von Schulthess, 1931]........................................................................................... A. vollenhoveni (de Saussure, 1862) - Veins and membrane of fore wing entirely fuscous with metallic reflections; clypeal emargination medio-dorsally curved because of small lobe (Fig. 2 in Gusenleitner, 1998); Philippines................... A. cariniventre Giordani Soika, 1986 6 Dorsal half of propodeal depression largely densely yellowish pubescent; clypeus subtruncate apically; T1 with reddish or dark brown apical band; wings largely subhyaline but apically dark brown; head and mesosoma coarsely punctate; [vertex of ♀ with tuft of setae medio-dorsally]; Indonesia (Sunda area); Malaysia (N. Borneo).................. A. obscurum (Smith, 1858) - Dorsal half of propodeal depression largely glabrous; clypeus protruding latero-apically (Figs 45, 62, 69); T1 black or with pair of yellow patches apically; wings usually largely dark brown with bluish iridescence; head and mesosoma usually moderately punctate............................................................................................. 7 7 Clypeus of both sexes squarely and usually rather deeply emarginate, resulting in two widely separated teeth or narrow lobes apico-ventrally (Figs 67–69); width of clypeal emargination 0.5–0.7 × clypeal width at same level; clypeus of ♂ entirely black; S7 of ♂ with flat and apically nearly truncate smooth protruding area; [T1 rather angulate in lateral view]............... 8 - Clypeus of both sexes circularly or elliptically emarginated apically, resulting in pair of less separated lobes or teeth apico-ventrally (Figs 9, 45, 62); width of clypeal emargination 0.2–0.5 × clypeal width at same level; clypeus colour and shape of S7 of ♂ variable........................................................................................... 9 8 Clypeus shallowly emarginate medio-apically; vertex with narrow transverse and slightly raised impunctate area behind posterior ocelli; metasoma relatively coarsely punctate; Philippines.............. A. quadrituberculatum (von Schulthess, 1913) - Clypeus distinctly emarginate medio-apically, straight or nearly so ((Fig. 3 e, f in van der Vecht 1963, Figs 67–69); vertex without transverse and slightly raised impunctate area medio-dorsally; metasoma moderately punctate; [hind wing hyaline in the basal half; punctures on dorsal faces of propodeum relatively sparse; Vietnam, Indonesia (Sunda area), Philippines; [syn.: Odynerus aurivillianus von Schulthess, 1913]....................................... A. snelleni (de Saussure, 1862) Note. For a key to the three subspecies i.e. A. s. snelleni (de Saussure), A. s. javanum (de Saussure) and A. s. imitator van der Vecht, see van der Vecht (1963) 9 Scapus and pedicellus, all femora and tibiae, and two large spots on propodeum reddish brown; subbasal area of S7 of ♂ flat; [apex of T1 and T2 with yellow or dull reddish yellow band (sometimes medially interrupted); clypeus of ♂ largely black, at most with two transverse yellowish spots basally]; Indonesia (Sunda area), Timor, Sumba... A. tigrinum van der Vecht, 1963 Note. For the two subspecies i.e. T. t. tigrinum van der Vecht and T. t. atripenne Giordani Soika, see Giordani Soika (1986a, 1991) - Scapus and pedicellus, all femora and tibiae, and propodeum black; subbasal area of S7 of ♂ partly elevated............ 10 10 Posterior half of T1 and basal half of T2 of ♀ at most sparsely punctulate (Fig. 52), of ♂ superficially punctate (Figs 42, 4 3).................................................................................................... 11 - Posterior half of T1 and basal half of T2 of ♀ with medium-sized and distinctly impressed punctures (Fig. 59)................................................................................................................ 12 11 Medial length of clypeus 0.9 × its maximum width (Fig. 45); depth of emargination 0.2–0.3 × width of clypeus at level of emargination (Fig. 45); Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal, Myanmar, Malaysia (N. Borneo), Indonesia (Moluccas), China (Taiwan, * Tibet (NWUX), * Yunnan (NWUX)); [syn.: Rhynchium maldivense Cameron, 1901]............................................................................................. A. metallicum (de Saussure, 1852) -... Medial length of clypeus 1.1 × its maximum width; depth of emargination 0.1 × width of clypeus at level of emargination; Philippines............................................................... A. violaceipenne Gusenleitner, 2003 12 Clypeus of ♂ with a tuberculate projection near its apical half (Fig. 3 in Girish Kumar et al., 2016); basally clypeus of ♂ with a narrow transverse yellowish white band; India (Kerala); [♀ unknown]... A. tuberculatum Girish Kumar & Carpenter, 2016 - Clypeus of ♂ without any projection (Figs 9, 62); clypeus of ♂ without more or less separate basal pale band (Figs 9, 62).. 13 13 Antero-dorsal surface of propodeum almost at same level as dorsal surface of metanotum and scutellum (Figs 6, 7); protruding subbasal area of S7 of ♂ subparallel-sided and wide medially (Fig. 8); [gena densely silvery setose (Fig. 6); clypeus of ♀ with rather deep and wide emargination apically (Fig. 8); clypeus of ♂ densely silvery setose (Fig. 9) and more or less with a yel- lowish pattern]; Pakistan, India, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia (Sunda area & Sulawesi), Philippines; [syn.: Rhynchium clypeatum Cameron, 1900]............................ A. argentatum (Fabricius, 1804) - Antero-dorsal surface of propodeum well below dorsal surface of metanotum and scutellum (Figs 57–59); protruding subbasal area of S7 of ♂ either wide and medially constricted, with pair of flat lobe-shaped protuberances (Fig. 12 in Girish Kumar & Sharma 2015) or with pair of triangular teeth (Fig. 64)....................................................... 14 14 T2 (as T1) entirely black apically; clypeus of ♂ entirely black; protruding smooth subbasal area of S7 of ♂ wide and medially constricted (Fig. 12 in Girish Kumar et al. 2016); wings moderately infuscate (Fig. 7 l.c.); T1 finely punctate anteriorly; [junction of anterior and dorsal faces of T1 rather angulate]; India (Kerala)................. A. anomalum Giordani Soika, 1992 - T2 with pair of yellow patches latero-apically (Fig. 50), and patch of T1 reduced or distinct; clypeus of ♂ yellow but laterally and its narrow ventral margin black (Figs 61, 62); S7 of ♂ with pair of triangular teeth (Fig. 64) or pair of flat lobe-shaped protuberances (Fig. 12 in Girish Kumar & Sharma 2015); wings entirely dark brown (Fig. 56); dorsal face of T1 coarsely punctate anteriorly (Fig. 59)................................................................................... 15 15 Subbasal area of S7 of ♂ with pair of triangular teeth (Fig. 64); transverse rim at junction of anterior and dorsal faces of T1 present (Figs 4, 59); clypeus moderately punctate medially (Fig. 62); Laos, * Vietnam...................................................................................................... A. quadrimaculatum Gusenleitner, 1997 - Subbasal area of S7 of ♂ with pair of flat lobe-shaped protuberances (Fig. 12 in Girish Kumar & Sharma 2015); transverse rim at junction of anterior and dorsal faces of T1 absent (Fig. 37); clypeus rugose-punctate medially (Fig. 38); [apex of T1 and T2 with yellow or dull reddish yellow band (sometimes medially interrupted)]; India (Meghalaya, Sikkim), China (* Yunnan).............................................................................. A. lugubrinum (Cameron, 1900), Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, He, Yi-Fei & Carpenter, James M., 2018, Northeast Asian Allorhynchium van der Vecht (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with a key to Oriental species, pp. 49-64 in Zootaxa 4434 (1) on pages 51-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4434.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1290962, {"references":["Giordani Soika, A. (1986 b) Eumenidi paleartic i nuovi o poco noti. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 35 (1984), 91 - 162.","de Saussure, H. F. (1862) Sur divers Vespides Asiatiques et Africains du Musee de Leyden. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 23, 129 - 207.","van der Vecht, J. (1963) Studies on Indo-Australian and East Asiatic Eumenidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 60, 1 - 116.","von Schulthess, A. (1931) Neue Vespiden (Hym.). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Geselischaft, 15 (2), 50 - 52.","Gusenleitner, J. (1998) Uber Faltenwespen aus dem asiatischen Raum (Hymenoptera, Eumenidae, Masaridae). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 30, 503 - 513.","Smith, F. (1858) Catalogue of the hymenopterous insects collected at Sarawak, Borneo; Mount Ophir, Malacca; and at Singapore, by A. R. Wallace. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 2, 42 - 130. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1860. tb 01022. x","von Schulthess, A. (1913) Vespiden aus den Stockholmer Museum. Arkiv for Zoolologi, Stockholm, 8 (17), 1 - 23.","Giordani Soika, A. (1986 a) Eumenidi di Okinawa e delle Filippiner accolti da J. Kojima. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 35 (1984), 67 - 89.","Giordani Soika, A. (1991) Eumenidi Raccolti in Indonesia da G. Osella EJ. Klapperich. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 15, 163 - 166.","Cameron, P. (1901) Hymenoptera. In: Gardiner J. S., The fauna and geography of the Maldive and Laccadive archipelagoes: being the account of the work carried on and of the collections made by an expedition during the years 1899 and 1900. University Press, Cambridge, pp. 51 - 63.","de Saussure, H. F. (1852) Etudes sur la famille des vespides I, Monographie des Guepes solitaires, ou de la tribu des Eumeniens. Cherbuliez, Geneve, Masson, Paris, 268 pp.","Gusenleitner, J. (2003) Uber Eumeniden aufgesammelt in der orientalischen Region (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea, Eumenidae). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 35, 855 - 861.","Girish Kumar P., Carpenter, J. M. & Sureshan, P. M. (2016) Additions to the knowledge of the genus Allorhynchium van der Vecht from the Indian subcontinent with the description of a new species from Kerala (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Halteres, 7, 29 - 34.","Cameron, P. (1900) Descriptions of new genera and species of Hymenoptera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6, 410 - 419, 495 - 506, 530 - 539. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930008678422","Fabricius, J. C. (1804) Systema Piezatorum, secundum: Ordines, Genera, Species adiectis Synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Apud Carolum Reichard, Brunsvigae, 439 pp.","Girish Kumar, P. & Sharma, G. (2015) A review of the genus Allorhynchium van der Vecht, 1963 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from the Indian subcontinent. Prommalia, 3, 20 - 34.","Giordani Soika, A. (1992) Di alcuni Eumenidi Nuovi o Poco Noti (Hymenoptera Vespoidea). Societa Veneziana di Scienze Naturali Lavori, 17, 41 - 68.","Gusenleitner, J. (1997) Allorhynchium quadrimaculatum nov. spec., eine neue Art aus Laos (Hymenoptera, Eumenidae). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 29, 759 - 761."]}

Allorhynchium diffinis (Giordani Soika, 1986) comb. nov. (Figs 1, 2, 27–32) Archancistrocerus diffinis Giordani Soika, 1986b: 143 –146. Type material. Holotype, ♀ (USNM), CHINA, Szechwan, between Yachow and Suifu, 1000–2200 ft, vi.27–vii.4, 1930, DC Graham; Type no. 104005 U.S. N.M., “ Holotype Archancistrocerus diffinis, A. Giordani Soika ”. Redescribed holotype, ♀, body length 13.2 mm (measured from anterior border of head to the posterior margin of T2; fore wing length 11.4 mm. Head. In frontal view narrowed ventrally, slightly wider than high (Fig. 31), its width 1.9 × its median length in dorsal view (Fig. 32). Vertex densely covered with very coarse, punctate-reticulate, swell behind eye and then contracted (Fig. 32), without cephalic foveae; distance from posterior ocelli to occipital carina 2.2 × longer than distance from posterior ocelli to inner eye margin (Fig. 32). Gena and frons reticulate as vertex, gena narrower than eye in lateral view (Fig. 28), strongly depressed near occipital carina, in lateral view 0.8 × as wide as eye (measured through ocular sinus); occipital carina complete, present along entire length of gena and rather narrow (Fig. 28). Inner eye margins convergent ventrally; in frontal view about equal apart from each other at vertex to at clypeus. Clypeus vermiculate-reticulate (Fig. 31), in frontal view 1.1 × wider than high, with apical margin strongly emarginate medially, with sharp lateral teeth (Fig. 31); width of emargination 0.3 × maximum width of clypeus. Mesosoma. Pronotal carina slightly raised, reaching ventral corner of pronotum (Fig. 28); anterior face of pronotum smooth medially with sparse punctures laterally. Mesoscutum without prescutal furrows, convex, 0.9× wider than long between tegulae (Fig. 29). Pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum coarsely punctatereticulate; mesepisternum with coarse, reticulate-punctures postero-dorsally, barely punctured antero-ventrally; epicnemial carina present (Fig. 28). Metanotum slightly sloping down to apical margin, forming part of dorsal surface of mesonotum. Propodeum vertical, dorsally propodeum coarsely punctate-reticulate, median area of propodeum moderately concave (Figs 29), propodeum reticulate latero-dorsally and sparsely punctate lateroventrally; submarginal carina not projecting as rounded lobe above propodeal valvula (Fig. 28). Tegula smooth, emarginate near parategula and not exceeding parategula; axillary fossa narrower than long, slit-like (Fig. 29). Wings. Fore wing: Parastigma longer than half the length of pterostigma, measured along posterior part (Fig. 27); second submarginal cell sessile, first and second recurrent veins both received in second submarginal cell; vein 2r-m relatively close to wing apex anteriorly, the fourth abscissa of the vein Rs about half the length of the third (Fig. 27). Metasoma. T1 punctate, with distinct transverse rim medio-laterally (Figs 29, 30), truncate at base, 0.4× as long as T 2 in dorsal view (Figs 1, 30); maximum width of T1 1.9 × its length in dorsal view; T2 punctate, about as wide as long (Fig. 30). Color. Generally black but tegula, clypeus, inter-antennal area, pronotum anteriorly, metanotum, mesepisternum dorsally and propodeum laterally, rim and apical bands of T1, lateral spots and apical band T2, subapically and propodeal valvula, small patches on anterior coxa and apex of femur yellow (Figs 1, 2); wings entirely yellowish tinged with veins infuscate (Fig. 27). Distribution. China (Sichuan, Fujian).

Allorhynchium lugubrinum (Cameron, 1900) (Figs 3, 33–40) Rhynchium lugubrinum Cameron, 1900: 532. Allorhynchium lugubrinum; van der Vecht, 1963: 60; Giordani Soika, 1996: 37; Girish Kumar & Sharma, 2015: 21; Girish Kumar et al., 2016: 30. Note. Giordani Soika (1996) reported this species from China (one female) but did not mention either the locality or the depository of the specimen. We discovered one female identified by him in RMNH. From his statement “Lee Tie Sheng-AGS” we conclude his reference to China is based on this specimen. The translation of the labels is as follows: “[CHINA] Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Menghun, 1750m, 2.vi.1958, Yi-Ran Zhang, [Institute of Zoology] Chinese Academy of Sciences, 52 Allorhynchium lugubrinum, det. Giordani Soika, 1981”. Yunnan is a new record for this species. Distribution. China (* Yunnan); India., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, He, Yi-Fei & Carpenter, James M., 2018, Northeast Asian Allorhynchium van der Vecht (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with a key to Oriental species, pp. 49-64 in Zootaxa 4434 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4434.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1290962, {"references":["Cameron, P. (1900) Descriptions of new genera and species of Hymenoptera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6, 410 - 419, 495 - 506, 530 - 539. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930008678422","van der Vecht, J. (1963) Studies on Indo-Australian and East Asiatic Eumenidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 60, 1 - 116.","Giordani Soika, A. (1996) Eumenidi Orientali e Papuani Nuovi o Poco Noti. Bollettino del Museo civico di storia naturale di Venezia, 45, 35 - 45.","Girish Kumar, P. & Sharma, G. (2015) A review of the genus Allorhynchium van der Vecht, 1963 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from the Indian subcontinent. Prommalia, 3, 20 - 34.","Girish Kumar P., Carpenter, J. M. & Sureshan, P. M. (2016) Additions to the knowledge of the genus Allorhynchium van der Vecht from the Indian subcontinent with the description of a new species from Kerala (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Halteres, 7, 29 - 34."]}

Utetes breviculus Chen & Weng, 2005 Utetes breviculus Chen & Weng [as ���Geng���], 2005: 156, figs 73A���D, 206���207 (examined). Type material. Holotype, ♂ (FAFU) ���[China:] Ningxia, Mt. Liupan, Xixia, 2.viii.2001, Quanxiu Shi ���. Comparative diagnosis. Differs from the other species from NW China by its larger size (length of body of ♂ approx. 5 mm; less than 4 mm in other species), colour of the wing membrane (brown instead of subhyaline) and the presence of vein m-cu in the hind wing (absent in other species). Distribution. China (Ningxia). Biology. Unknown., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Zhang, Ruo-Nan & Wu, Jia-Xuan, 2018, Five new species of Utetes Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Opiinae) from NW China, pp. 525-541 in Zootaxa 4402 (3) on page 530, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4402.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1209750, {"references":["Chen, J. - H. & Weng, R. - Q. (2005) Systematic studies on Opiinae of China (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Fujian Science and Technology Publishing House, Fujian, iii + 2 + 9 + 269."]}

Utetes karsius Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. (Figs 27–39) Type material. Holotype, ♀ (NWUX) “NW China: Shaanxi, Qinling Mts, Foping, near Biol [ogical] Stat [ion], Mal [aise] trap, 33˚39'29"N 107˚48'25"E, 29.v.–19.vi.2016, c 1710 m, JL. Tan & C. v. Achterberg, NWUX”. Comparative diagnosis. Similar to U. elongisulcus sp. n. because of the presence of “shoulders” in front of the notauli, the high number of antennomeres and the protruding ovipositor sheath, but the new species has the first discal cell of fore wing strongly transverse (normal in U. elongisulcus), the precoxal sulcus largely absent and with only a few crenulae (wide and with coarse crenulae) and the shoulders less protuberant (distinctly protuberant). Resembles U. rosae (Tobias, 1977) because of the long setose part of the ovipositor sheath (0.8 × hind tibia) and the short elliptical precoxal sulcus. The new species differs mainly by the moderately developed shoulders of the mesoscutum anteriorly (absent in U. rosae), the short medio–longitudinal carina of propodeum anteriorly (absent), the antenna of ♀ with approx. 41 antennomeres (35–38 antennomeres), the pronotal side smooth posteriorly (finely crenulate), the first discal cell of fore wing about 3 × wider than high medially (about 2.2 ×), the black mesoscutum (partly reddish) and vein m-cu of the fore wing subinterstitial (distinctly postfurcal). Description. Holotype, ♀, length of body 3.4 mm, of fore wing 3.7 mm. Head. Antenna with 41 antennomeres, medium-sized bristly setose and 1.1 × as long as fore wing; third antennomere 1.3 × as long as fourth antennomere, length of third, fourth and penultimate antennomeres 2.0, 1.6 and 1.3 × their width, respectively (Fig 32–34); length of maxillary palp 0.8 × height of head; labial palp segments slender; occipital carina distinctly separated from hypostomal carina and dorsally absent; hypostomal carina very wide (Fig. 29); length of eye in dorsal view 2.7 × temple; frons shallowly depressed anteriorly but with median elevation and in front of anterior ocellus with indistinct depression, medially smooth and glabrous, laterally punctulate and setose (Fig. 36); face sparsely and finely punctate but medial elevation area smooth, conspicuously setose (Fig. 35); width of clypeus 3.1 × its maximum height and 0.6 × width of face; clypeus moderately convex medially, with coarse punctures and protruding forwards, ventrally straight and rather thin; hypoclypeal depression large (Fig. 35) and labrum smooth except for some striae; malar suture absent and area flat; length of malar space 0.9 × basal width of mandible; mandible triangular and with weakly developed ventral and dorsal carinae (Fig. 39). Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.2 × its height; pronope large slit-shaped, deep (Fig. 36); pronotal side largely smooth posteriorly; epicnemial area largely smooth; precoxal sulcus medium-sized and superficially crenulate (left side, on right side more extensively punctate and connected to anterior margin), pointing to area in front of middle coxa and remaining far from posterior margin of mesopleuron; remainder of mesopleuron smooth (except row of punctulation behind precoxal sulcus) and strongly shiny; pleural sulcus smooth; anterior groove of metapleuron with few distinct crenulae ventrally (Fig. 29); notauli largely absent on disc, but anteriorly shallowly impressed behind moderately developed “shoulders” (Fig. 30); lateral lobes of mesoscutum largely glabrous and strongly shiny, only notaulic courses and middle lobe medially and anteriorly with setae; medio-posterior depression of mesoscutum rather deep, rather elongate droplet-shaped and medium-sized; scutellar sulcus medium–sized and finely crenulate; scutellum rather convex medially, smooth between sparse punctulation and only laterally densely setose (Fig. 30); propodeum with short medio–longitudinal carina connected to irregular and distinctly transverse carina, dorsally and medially crenulate-rugose and posteriorly mainly smooth (Figs 30–31). Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 28): pterostigma triangular; 1-R1 ending nearly at wing apex and 1.6 × as long as pterostigma; r:3-SR:SR1 = 4:30:50; 2-SR:3-SR:r–m = 20:30:9; r widened basally; 1-SR 0.7 × 1-M; first discal cell distinctly transverse, its maximum width 3.0 × its medial height (Fig. 28); 1-M and SR1 weakly curved; m–cu subinterstitial; cu-a oblique and distinctly postfurcal; first subdiscal cell closed, CU1b rather long; apical 0.3 of M+CU1 sclerotized. Hind wing (Fig. 28): M+CU:1-M:1r–m = 19:20:14; cu-a straight; m-cu completely absent. Legs. Length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 3.6, 7.8 and 4.6 × as long as wide, respectively; hind femur with long setae, especially ventrally (Fig. 37); carinula of hind tibia lamelliform basally, rather long and slightly curved (Fig. 38). Metasoma. Length of first tergite 0.9 × its apical width, its surface evenly convex medially, smooth except some sculpture medially, without median carina, with dorsal carinae remaining separated and present in basal 0.6; second tergite with pair of short basal depressions; second and following tergites smooth (Fig. 31); length of setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.24 × fore wing (entire visible sheath 0.30 ×) and 0.8 × hind tibia (Fig. 28). Colour. Black; palpi, clypeus ventrally, mandible (but teeth dark brown), tegulae, and legs (but telotarsi dark brown) yellow; metasoma ventrally dark brown; wing membrane subhyaline; veins of hind wing and of basal third of fore wing (except C+SC+R) brown; pterostigma and remainder of veins dark brown. Distribution. China (Shaanxi). Biology. Unknown. Etymology. From “karsios” (Greek for “crosswise”) because of the transverse first discal cell of the fore wing.

Utetes elongisulcus Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. (Figs 14���26) Type material. Holotype, ♀ (NWUX) ���NW China: Shaanxi, Liuba, Hanzhong Zibai Mt. Nat. Res., N33.66�� E106.78��, 5.ix.2015, c. 1627 m, Jiangli Tan, NWUX���. Comparative diagnosis. Close to U. rosae (Tobias, 1977) because of the long setose part of ovipositor sheath (0.6 �� hind tibia) and the propodeum without a short medio���longitudinal carina anteriorly. The new species differs mainly by the distinctly developed shoulders of the mesoscutum anteriorly (absent in U. rosae), the antenna of ♀ with about 43 antennomeres (35���38 antennomeres) and the precoxal sulcus elongate (short elliptical). It shares with U. valens (Papp, 1978) from Korea the distinct ���shoulders��� and the long setose part of ovipositor sheath (0.6 �� hind tibia), but U. valens has vein 1-SR of fore wing 0.8 �� as long as vein 1-M (0.6 �� in U. elongisulcus), wing membrane infuscate (only weakly infuscate medially), antenna of ♀ with approx. 30 antennomeres (approx. 43 antennomeres) and vein m-cu of hind wing present (absent). Description. Holotype, ♀, length of body 4.2 mm, of fore wing 3.9 mm. Head. Antenna with 43 antennomeres, medium-sized bristly setose and 1.3 �� as long as fore wing; third antennomere 1.3 �� as long as fourth antennomere, length of third, fourth and penultimate antennomeres 2.6, 2.0 and 1.9 �� their width, respectively (Figs 19���21); length of maxillary palp 1.2 �� height of head; labial palp segments slender; occipital carina far separated from hypostomal carina and carina ventrally reduced and dorsally absent; hypostomal carina very wide (Fig. 16); length of eye in dorsal view 2.3 �� temple (Fig. 23); frons shallowly depressed anteriorly but with median elevation and in front of anterior ocellus with triangular pit, medially smooth and glabrous, laterally punctulate and setose; face sparsely and finely punctate but medial elevated area smooth (Fig. 22); width of clypeus 2.7 �� its maximum height and 0.6 �� width of face; clypeus moderately convex medially, with some coarse punctures and protruding forwards, ventrally straight and rather thin (Fig. 22); hypoclypeal depression large and labrum with coarse punctures; malar suture absent and area flat; length of malar space 0.8 �� basal width of mandible (Fig. 22); mandible triangular and with long narrow ventral carina and wider dorsal carina (Fig. 26). Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.3 �� its height; dorsal pronope slit���like, large; pronotal side largely smooth, only anteriorly and posteriorly narrowly crenulate; epicnemial area smooth; precoxal sulcus wide and coarsely crenulate, nearly up to anterior margin of mesopleuron, pointing to area in front of middle coxa and remaining far from posterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 16); remainder of mesopleuron smooth (except row of punctulation behind precoxal sulcus) and strongly shiny; pleural sulcus smooth; anterior groove of metapleuron with few indistinct crenulae (Fig. 16); notauli largely absent on disc, but anteriorly impressed behind distinctly developed ���shoulders��� (Fig. 17); lateral lobes of mesoscutum largely glabrous, only notaulic courses and medial line of middle lobe with setae; medio-posterior depression of mesoscutum deep, linear and long; scutellar sulcus rather wide and finely crenulate; scutellum distinctly convex medially, smooth and only laterally sparsely setose (Fig. 17); propodeum with very short medio���longitudinal carina connected to anteriorly pointing transverse carina and remainder mainly spaced rugose (Figs 17���18). Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 15): pterostigma triangular; 1���R1 ending nearly at wing apex and 1.7 �� as long as pterostigma; r:3-SR:SR1 = 3:30:52; 2-SR:3-SR:r-m = 20:30:10; r and base of 3-SR widened; 1-SR 0.6 �� 1-M; 1-M weakly curved; SR1 straight; m-cu subinterstitial; cu���a oblique and postfurcal; first subdiscal cell closed, CU1b medium-sized; apical 0.3 of M+CU1 sclerotized. Hind wing (Fig. 15): M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 9:9:5; cu���a straight; mcu completely absent. Legs. Length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 3.6, 8.3 and 4.8 �� as long as wide, respectively; hind femur and tibia with long setae, especially femur ventrally (Fig. 24); carinula of hind tibia long (Fig. 25). Metasoma. Length of first tergite equal to its apical width, its surface evenly convex medially, largely smooth except some short depressions, without median carina and with dorsal carinae remain separated and present in basal 0.4; second tergite with pair of short basal depressions; second and following tergites smooth (Fig. 18); length of setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.18 �� fore wing (entire visible sheath 0.21 ��) and 0.6 �� hind tibia (Fig. 24). Colour. Black body; clypeus (except dorsally), mandible (but teeth dark brown), palpi, scapus ventrally, tegulae, and legs (but telotarsi dark brown) yellow; large patch at temple dorsally and inner orbita narrowly orange brown; apex of third���seventh tergites membranous and brown; metasoma ventrally dark brown; wing membrane subhyaline but submedially weakly infuscate; veins of hind wing and of basal third of fore wing (except C+SC+R) brown; pterostigma and remainder of veins dark brown. Distribution. China (Shaanxi). Biology. Unknown. Etymology. From ���elongatus��� (Latin for ���prolonged���) and ���sulcus��� (Latin for ���groove���) because of the elongate precoxal sulcus., Published as part of Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Zhang, Ruo-Nan & Wu, Jia-Xuan, 2018, Five new species of Utetes Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Opiinae) from NW China, pp. 525-541 in Zootaxa 4402 (3) on pages 530-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4402.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1209750

Utetes elongisulcus Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. (Figs 14–26) Type material. Holotype, ♀ (NWUX) “NW China: Shaanxi, Liuba, Hanzhong Zibai Mt. Nat. Res., N33.66° E106.78°, 5.ix.2015, c. 1627 m, Jiangli Tan, NWUX”. Comparative diagnosis. Close to U. rosae (Tobias, 1977) because of the long setose part of ovipositor sheath (0.6 × hind tibia) and the propodeum without a short medio–longitudinal carina anteriorly. The new species differs mainly by the distinctly developed shoulders of the mesoscutum anteriorly (absent in U. rosae), the antenna of ♀ with about 43 antennomeres (35–38 antennomeres) and the precoxal sulcus elongate (short elliptical). It shares with U. valens (Papp, 1978) from Korea the distinct “shoulders” and the long setose part of ovipositor sheath (0.6 × hind tibia), but U. valens has vein 1-SR of fore wing 0.8 × as long as vein 1-M (0.6 × in U. elongisulcus), wing membrane infuscate (only weakly infuscate medially), antenna of ♀ with approx. 30 antennomeres (approx. 43 antennomeres) and vein m-cu of hind wing present (absent). Description. Holotype, ♀, length of body 4.2 mm, of fore wing 3.9 mm. Head. Antenna with 43 antennomeres, medium-sized bristly setose and 1.3 × as long as fore wing; third antennomere 1.3 × as long as fourth antennomere, length of third, fourth and penultimate antennomeres 2.6, 2.0 and 1.9 × their width, respectively (Figs 19–21); length of maxillary palp 1.2 × height of head; labial palp segments slender; occipital carina far separated from hypostomal carina and carina ventrally reduced and dorsally absent; hypostomal carina very wide (Fig. 16); length of eye in dorsal view 2.3 × temple (Fig. 23); frons shallowly depressed anteriorly but with median elevation and in front of anterior ocellus with triangular pit, medially smooth and glabrous, laterally punctulate and setose; face sparsely and finely punctate but medial elevated area smooth (Fig. 22); width of clypeus 2.7 × its maximum height and 0.6 × width of face; clypeus moderately convex medially, with some coarse punctures and protruding forwards, ventrally straight and rather thin (Fig. 22); hypoclypeal depression large and labrum with coarse punctures; malar suture absent and area flat; length of malar space 0.8 × basal width of mandible (Fig. 22); mandible triangular and with long narrow ventral carina and wider dorsal carina (Fig. 26). Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.3 × its height; dorsal pronope slit–like, large; pronotal side largely smooth, only anteriorly and posteriorly narrowly crenulate; epicnemial area smooth; precoxal sulcus wide and coarsely crenulate, nearly up to anterior margin of mesopleuron, pointing to area in front of middle coxa and remaining far from posterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 16); remainder of mesopleuron smooth (except row of punctulation behind precoxal sulcus) and strongly shiny; pleural sulcus smooth; anterior groove of metapleuron with few indistinct crenulae (Fig. 16); notauli largely absent on disc, but anteriorly impressed behind distinctly developed “shoulders” (Fig. 17); lateral lobes of mesoscutum largely glabrous, only notaulic courses and medial line of middle lobe with setae; medio-posterior depression of mesoscutum deep, linear and long; scutellar sulcus rather wide and finely crenulate; scutellum distinctly convex medially, smooth and only laterally sparsely setose (Fig. 17); propodeum with very short medio–longitudinal carina connected to anteriorly pointing transverse carina and remainder mainly spaced rugose (Figs 17–18). Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 15): pterostigma triangular; 1–R1 ending nearly at wing apex and 1.7 × as long as pterostigma; r:3-SR:SR1 = 3:30:52; 2-SR:3-SR:r-m = 20:30:10; r and base of 3-SR widened; 1-SR 0.6 × 1-M; 1-M weakly curved; SR1 straight; m-cu subinterstitial; cu–a oblique and postfurcal; first subdiscal cell closed, CU1b medium-sized; apical 0.3 of M+CU1 sclerotized. Hind wing (Fig. 15): M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 9:9:5; cu–a straight; mcu completely absent. Legs. Length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 3.6, 8.3 and 4.8 × as long as wide, respectively; hind femur and tibia with long setae, especially femur ventrally (Fig. 24); carinula of hind tibia long (Fig. 25). Metasoma. Length of first tergite equal to its apical width, its surface evenly convex medially, largely smooth except some short depressions, without median carina and with dorsal carinae remain separated and present in basal 0.4; second tergite with pair of short basal depressions; second and following tergites smooth (Fig. 18); length of setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.18 × fore wing (entire visible sheath 0.21 ×) and 0.6 × hind tibia (Fig. 24). Colour. Black body; clypeus (except dorsally), mandible (but teeth dark brown), palpi, scapus ventrally, tegulae, and legs (but telotarsi dark brown) yellow; large patch at temple dorsally and inner orbita narrowly orange brown; apex of third–seventh tergites membranous and brown; metasoma ventrally dark brown; wing membrane subhyaline but submedially weakly infuscate; veins of hind wing and of basal third of fore wing (except C+SC+R) brown; pterostigma and remainder of veins dark brown. Distribution. China (Shaanxi). Biology. Unknown. Etymology. From “elongatus” (Latin for “prolonged”) and “sulcus” (Latin for “groove”) because of the elongate precoxal sulcus.

Utetes subrosae Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n. (Figs 51–63) Type material. Holotype, ♀ (NWUX) “NW China: Ningxia, Liupan Mt., Jingyuan, Dongshanpo For [est] Farm, 35°23’26”N 106°20´34.27”E, 4.viii.2015, c. 1800 m, Jiangli Tan, NWUX ”. Paratypes: 1 ♂ (RMNH), same data as holotype; 1 ♂ (NWUX), id., but Erlonghe Forest Farm, 35°23’24.14”N 106°20´41.43”E, 2.viii.2015; 1♀ (RMNH), id., but Qiuqianjia Forest Farm, 35°32’56.94”N 106°24´50.89”E, 4.viii.2015, c. 1900 m; 1♀ (NWUX) “NW China: Shaanxi, from Huangguan to Xunyangba, Ningshaan, N33.54°, E105.36°, 1.vii.–17.viii.2016, 1236 m, black Mal. trap, Tan JL & Tan QQ, NWUX ”. Comparative diagnosis. Similar to U. rosae (Tobias, 1977) but the new species has the setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.3 × hind tibia (0.8 × in U. rosae), the mesoscutum with sharply protruding “shoulders” anteriorly (rounded anteriorly); the hind femur approx. 4 × as long as wide (approx. 3 ×) and the mediolongitudinal carina of propodeum short (absent). It shares with U. valens (Papp, 1978) from Korea the distinct “shoulders”, but U. valens has vein 1-SR of fore wing 0.8 × as long as vein 1-M (0.6 × in U. subrosae); vein m-cu of hind wing present (absent) and setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.6 × hind tibia (0.3 ×). Description. Holotype, ♀, length of body 3.2 mm, of fore wing 3.4 mm. Head. Antenna with 38 antennomeres, medium-sized bristly setose and 1.3 × as long as fore wing; third antennomere 1.2 × as long as fourth antennomere, length of third, fourth and penultimate antennomeres 2.4, 2.0 and 1.8 × their width, respectively (Figs 56–58); length of maxillary palp 1.1 × height of head; labial palp segments slender; occipital carina distinctly separated from hypostomal carina and carina ventrally reduced and dorsally absent; hypostomal carina very wide; length of eye in dorsal view 2.5 × temple; frons shallowly depressed anteriorly but with median crest and in front of anterior ocellus with shallow triangular depression, medially smooth and glabrous, laterally punctulate and setose (Fig. 60); face sparsely and finely punctate but medial crest area smooth (Fig. 59); width of clypeus 2.8 × its maximum height and 0.6 × width of face; clypeus moderately convex medially, with some coarse punctures and protruding forwards, ventrally straight and rather thin (Fig. 59); hypoclypeal depression large (Fig. 59) and labrum with some coarse punctures; malar suture absent and area flat; length of malar space 0.9 × basal width of mandible; mandible triangular and with long narrow ventral and dorsal carinae (Fig. 63). Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.3 × its height; pronope large slit-shaped, deep; pronotal side largely smooth, only medially and posteriorly crenulate; epicnemial area largely smooth; precoxal sulcus wide and coarsely crenulate, nearly up to anterior margin of mesopleuron, pointing to area near middle coxa and remaining far from posterior margin of mesopleuron; remainder of mesopleuron smooth (except row of punctulation behind precoxal sulcus) and strongly shiny; pleural sulcus smooth; anterior groove of metapleuron with few indistinct crenulae (Fig. 53); notauli largely absent on disc, but anteriorly shallowly impressed behind strongly developed “shoulders” (Fig. 54); lateral lobes of mesoscutum largely glabrous, only notaulic courses and middle lobe medially and anteriorly with setae; medio–posterior depression of mesoscutum deep, linear and long; scutellar sulcus rather wide and moderately crenulate; scutellum distinctly convex medially, smooth between sparse punctulation and only laterally densely setose (Fig. 54); propodeum with short medio-longitudinal carina connected to irregular and distinctly transverse carina, medially rugose and remainder mainly smooth (Figs 54–55). Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 52): pterostigma triangular; 1-R1 ending nearly at wing apex and 1.5 × as long as pterostigma; r:3-SR:SR1 = 3:30:53; 2-SR:3-SR:r-m = 20:30:10; r and base of 3-SR widened; 1-SR 0.6 × 1-M; 1-M and SR1 weakly curved; m-cu subinterstitial; cu-a oblique and narrowly postfurcal; first subdiscal cell closed, CU1b nearly as long as 3-CU1; apical 0.3 of M+CU1 sclerotized. Hind wing (Fig. 52): M+CU:1-M:1r–m = 21:20:15; cu-a straight; m-cu completely absent. Legs. Length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 4.1, 8.8 and 5.4 × as long as wide, respectively; hind femur and tibia with long setae, especially femur ventrally and tibia dorsally (Fig. 61); carinula of hind tibia long and slightly sinuate (Fig. 62). Metasoma. Length of first tergite 1.1 × its apical width, its surface evenly convex medially, largely smooth except some medium-sized depressions, without median carina and with dorsal carinae remaining separated and present in basal 0.9; second tergite with pair of short basal depressions; second and following tergites smooth (Fig. 55); length of setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.09 × fore wing (entire visible sheath 0.13 ×) and 0.3 × hind tibia (Fig. 61). Colour. Black; palpi, coxae, trochanters and trochantelli ivory; clypeus (except dorsally), mandible (but teeth dark brown), scapus ventrally, tegulae, and remainder of legs (but telotarsi dark brown) pale yellowish; vague patch at temple dorsally and inner orbita narrowly chestnut brown; apex of third–seventh tergites membranous and brown; metasoma ventrally dark brown; wing membrane subhyaline but submedially near veins weakly infuscate; veins of hind wing and of basal third of fore wing (except C+SC+R) brown; pterostigma and remainder of veins dark brown. Variation. Length of body 2.6–3.2 mm, of fore wing 3.0– 3.4 mm; antennomeres of ♀ 35(1), 37(1) or 38(1) and of ♂ 36(1) or 38(1), length of first tergite 1.1–1.3 × its apical width, length of setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.08–0.09 × fore wing and 0.3 × hind tibia; vein m–cu of fore wing subinterstitial or narrowly postfurcal. The males have the head entirely black dorsally and the precoxal sulcus less extensively crenulate. Distribution. China (Ningxia, Shaanxi). Map from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File: China _edcp_relief_location_map.jpg Biology. Unknown. Etymology. From “sub” (Latin for “under, somewhat”) and the specific name “ rosae ” because it is close to U. rosae (Tobias, 1977). Notes. We examined a very similar male from Yunnan (NWUX: Dali, Mt. Cang) but it has vein 1-SR+M of fore wing strongly sinuate and vein r of fore wing longer than in U. subrosae.

Utetes breviculus Chen & Weng, 2005 Utetes breviculus Chen & Weng [as “Geng”], 2005: 156, figs 73A–D, 206–207 (examined). Type material. Holotype, ♂ (FAFU) “[China:] Ningxia, Mt. Liupan, Xixia, 2.viii.2001, Quanxiu Shi ”. Comparative diagnosis. Differs from the other species from NW China by its larger size (length of body of ♂ approx. 5 mm; less than 4 mm in other species), colour of the wing membrane (brown instead of subhyaline) and the presence of vein m-cu in the hind wing (absent in other species). Distribution. China (Ningxia). Biology. Unknown.