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We propose a revised higher classification for the genera of Hesperiidae (skipper butterflies) of the world. We have augmented our published DNA data matrix with 49 morphological characters in order to infer relationships for taxa not sampled in the molecular study. We use the results of a combined analysis to identify morphological synapomorphies of the suprageneric clades of Hesperiidae, and to hypothesize a phylogenetic classification of the world’s genera of Hesperiidae, the first of its kind for this diverse group. Monophyly of the family Hesperiidae is strongly supported, as are some of the traditionally recognized subfamilies. The results presented here largely corroborate those of our molecular study, but differ in several details. The Australian endemic Euschemon rafflesia is given subfamily status, as is Eudaminae. We recognize seven subfamilies of Hesperiidae: Coeliadinae, Euschemoninae (confirmed status), Eudaminae (new status), Pyrginae, Heteropterinae (confirmed status), Trapezitinae and Hesperiinae. We treat Pyrrhopygini, Tagiadini, Celaenorrhinini, Carcharodini, Achlyodidini, Erynnini and Pyrgini as tribes of Pyrginae. Circumscriptions of Achlyodidini and Pyrgini require further elucidation. Tribes of Hesperiinae include Aeromachini, Baorini, Taractrocerini, Thymelicini, Calpodini (reinstated status), Anthoptini (new tribe), Moncini and Hesperiini. The tribal placement of many Old World hesperiine genera remains ambiguous.

The trapezitine skipper Rachelia extrusa (C. and R. Felder) is recorded for the first time from Australia. A male and female taken in north Queensland are described and compared with specimens from the Papuan faunal region. The adult male and female, male genitalia, antennal club, labial palpus and wing venation are figured.

A new genus Proeidosa, with a single representative, Hesperilla polysema Lower, is separated from Pasma Waterhouse. The type species and early stages are figured and the life-history is described. New southern records are given for this rare endemic skipper. Its distribution is discussed and related genera are compared.

i A specimen from New South Wales identified as an aberrant form of Trapezites maheta praxedes (Plotz) is reported. Its maculation deviates from the basic pattern of Trapezitinae and indicates a certain homology in the marking of fore- and hindwings.