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The article deals with innovative processes in the tourist destinations of Uzbekistan. Innovative processes in the field of communications, at the moment, are the main ones in the development of the innovation economy or the knowledge economy. The end-to-end integration of information technology is the first step to success, followed by the restructuring of the entire tourism business.

This paper provides the methods through which the first version of the Harmonized Latin American Innovation Surveys database (LAIS) was built. LAIS, which is made freely available through the Inter-American Development Bank, contains nearly 690 variables and 119,900 observations at the firm level from 30 national innovation surveys conducted between 2007 and 2017 in 10 Latin American countries, increasing the number of countries of the region with publicly available microdata. This paper describes how, starting from significantly different survey methods and questionnaires between countries, criteria were applied to identify and select variables from different surveys measuring the same underlying concept. It also discusses and guides how differences in survey methodologies may affect comparisons even after the harmonization of variables. LAIS includes data on innovation activities expenditures, sources of information and collaborations for innovation, innovation obstacles, outputs and effects, protection of innovation results, and general firm characteristics. Since LAIS significantly decreases the cost of making data comparisons between countries, it will allow more scholars to research innovation in Latin American firms and to tackle long-standing unanswered questions about the importance of framework conditions in LAC for innovation decisions in firms. The dataset and supporting documentation are available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004040

This paper provides the methods through which the first version of the Harmonized Latin American Innovation Surveys database (LAIS) was built. LAIS, which is made freely available through the Inter-American Development Bank, contains nearly 690 variables and 119,900 observations at the firm level from 30 national innovation surveys conducted between 2007 and 2017 in 10 Latin American countries, increasing the number of countries of the region with publicly available microdata. This paper describes how, starting from significantly different survey methods and questionnaires between countries, criteria were applied to identify and select variables from different surveys measuring the same underlying concept. It also discusses and guides how differences in survey methodologies may affect comparisons even after the harmonization of variables. LAIS includes data on innovation activities expenditures, sources of information and collaborations for innovation, innovation obstacles, outputs and effects, protection of innovation results, and general firm characteristics. Since LAIS significantly decreases the cost of making data comparisons between countries, it will allow more scholars to research innovation in Latin American firms and to tackle long-standing unanswered questions about the importance of framework conditions in LAC for innovation decisions in firms. The dataset and supporting documentation are available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004040

This paper provides the methods through which the first version of theHarmonized Latin American Innovation Surveys database (LAIS) was built.LAIS, which is made freely available through the Inter-AmericanDevelopment Bank, contains nearly 690 variables and 119,900 observationsat the firm level from 30 national innovation surveys conducted between2007 and 2017 in 10 Latin American countries, increasing the number ofcountries of the region with publicly available microdata. This paperdescribes how, starting from significantly different survey methods andquestionnaires between countries, criteria were applied to identify andselect variables from different surveys measuring the same underlyingconcept. It also discusses and guides how differences in surveymethodologies may affect comparisons even after the harmonization ofvariables. LAIS includes data on innovation activities expenditures,sources of information and collaborations for innovation, innovationobstacles, outputs and effects, protection of innovation results, andgeneral firm characteristics. Since LAIS significantly decreases thecost of making data comparisons between countries, it will allow morescholars to research innovation in Latin American firms and to tacklelong-standing unanswered questions about the importance of frameworkconditions in LAC for innovation decisions in firms. The dataset andsupporting documentation are available at:http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004040

At present, industrial companies face increasingly complex challenges. Shrinking prod-uct margins and changing customer needs form the core of these demands. A reliable service business offers an attractive option to industrial companies wanting to evade from the current conditions. In addition, ongoing digitalization is taking services to a new level. The resulting digital services combine the latest technological trends with their ability to meet individual customer needs. Therefore, industrial companies turn to digital services to protect and increase their competitive advantage. However, existing digital services miss the predefined targets of most industrial companies. This shortcom-ing is caused by firms developing digital services primarily based on product-driven innovation approaches. Also, academia remains silent on suitable digital service inno-vation practices. In response, this dissertation develops a new digital service innovation approach for industrial companies. The dynamic capabilities view provides the conceptual framework to develop these new organizational capabilities. Organizational processes, comprising routines, arti-facts, and actors, implement the required innovation (i.e., dynamic) capabilities in prac-tice. Moreover, systematic literature analyses provide the foundation for the presented research. In addition, two empirical studies enhance the theoretical insights on digital service innovation. First, an in-depth interview study explores necessary routines in practice at 24 organizations. Second, focus group research involving eight industrial companies expands the previous understanding of digital service innovation to an im-plementable approach. Finally, this dissertation presents a management framework of digital service inno-vation governance and process models built on routines, artifacts, and actors. The gov-ernance model transforms industrial companies organizations. Thereby, organizational alignment and sufficient performance control enable digital service innovations. The process model directs the firms through these innovations by applying three innovation modes: identification, conceptualization, and implementation. In sum, this dissertation makes a valuable contribution to digital service innovation research and practice. The findings close the gap in the literature between defined rou-tines and high-level dynamic capabilities. In practice, the management framework es-tablished in this study constitutes a powerful tool that helps industrial companies build robust digital service businesses. Its application at industrial companies drives cus-tomer-centric, digital service innovations that overcome the increasing challenges in the markets.

В данной статье раскрывается сущность организационного потенциала компании как основы инновационного развития. Сделан обзор условий формирования инновационного потенциала, этапы и особенности его проведения., This article reveals the essence of the organizational potential of the company as the basis of innovative development. An overview of the conditions for the formation of innovative potential, the stages and features of its implementation is made., Гуманитарий и социум, Выпуск 4 2021

This thesis was conducted in the public transport sector atOrganization X and its prerequisites for managing and implementingsustainable innovation. Organization X currently does not haveprocesses or working methods for sustainable innovation (SI) and istherefore looking for theoretical guidance for whether the companyshould integrate SI into preexisting processes or invest in a newplatform or system. The thesis was based on scientific theory ofinnovation, SI and change management from various sources. The thesisthree primary data collection methods have been interviews, benchmarksand literature study. The purpose of the data collection methods wasto showcase how other companies work with innovation throughbenchmarks, how Organization X currently looks to work with SI throughinterviews, and finally a literature study on how the subject cantheoretically be integrated or implemented in operations.The empirical findings have been analyzed using theoretical data fromscientific sources on what they believe innovation and SI can bedefined as and how to best implement it. Organization X works withprocess improvement proposals in the through their Work ImprovementTeams and other systems to manage implementations or changes.The business today has prerequisites SI but lacks parts of what theoryand benchmark consider to be the most critical factors for innovation.The thesis presents an implementation proposal that results from acost benefit analysis where the authors highlight how Organization Xshould begin its work regarding innovation in order to finally furtherdevelop SI methods.

The strategic realignment of a company seeks to strengthen its potential and create value so that it stands out in the market and achieves better results. We live in the era of digital transformation and adopting innovative tools and technologies such as Artificial Intelligence seems to be extolling business models and driving optimization in the processes inherent to their operation. If we look specifically to the audit area, which is intense in tasks that can be performed by machines, studies emerge showing positive results in the adoption of AI tools. After collecting data from previous investigations on the topic, we found that the use of machinery such as Artificial Intelligence in business models opens doors to the creation of value in organizations adjacent to this strategy. However, the adoption of such tools seems to be scarce. In order to deepen this contradictory approach between the benefits associated with the adoption of AI and the low rate of use of it, around 200 employees from mostly Portuguese companies were inquired. The analysis of the results obtained allows us to conclude that the scenario projected by the employees is auspicious even though the respective companies seem to be reluctant to take this step. Thus, this investigation reveals that the reasons seem to be related to misinformation, fear that unemployment will increase and fear about the costs associated with this transformation and opens the door for future investigations on these points. O realinhamento estratégico de uma empresa procura fortalecer o seu potencial e criar valor para que a mesma sobressaia no mercado e atinja melhores resultados. Vivemos na era da transformação digital e adotar ferramentas e tecnologias inovadoras como a Inteligência Artificial parece estar a enaltecer modelos de negócio e a impulsionar otimização nos processos inerentes ao seu funcionamento. Se nos debruçarmos na área de auditoria em específico, intensa em tarefas exequíveis por máquinas, surgem estudos que evidenciam resultados positivos na adoção de ferramentas de IA. Após recolhidos dados de investigações anteriores relativas ao tema, averiguamos que a utilização de maquinaria como a Inteligência Artificial nos modelos de negócio abre portas a criação de valor nas organizações adjacentes a esta estratégia. No entanto, parece ainda escassa a adoção de tais ferramentas. Com o intuito de aprofundar esta abordagem contraditória entre os benefícios associados à adoção de IA e a baixa taxa de utilização da mesma, foram inquiridos cerca de 200 colaboradores de empresas maioritariamente portuguesas. A análise dos resultados obtidos permite concluir que o cenário projetado pelos colaboradores é auspicioso ainda que as respetivas empresas pareçam estar relutantes a tomar este passo. Assim, esta investigação revela que as razões parecem estar relacionadas com desinformação, medo que o desemprego aumente e receio quanto aos custos associados a esta transformação e abre portas a investigações futuras sobre estes pontos.

В статье рассмотрены опыт зарубежных стран по инновационной активностью субъектов сельского хозяйства, уточнены их теоретические и практические положения. Предметом исследования выступает инновационная активность субъектов сельского хозяйства, а целью исследования заключается изучение опыта зарубежных стран инновационной активностью субъектов сельского хозяйства и их применение на практике аграрном производстве Кыргызской Республики., The article discusses the experience of foreign countries in the innovative activity of agricultural entities, clarifies their theoretical and practical provisions. The subject of the research is the innovative activity of agricultural entities, and the aim of the study is to study the experience of foreign countries with the innovative activity of agricultural entities and their application in practice of agricultural production of the Kyrgyz Republic., №3 (2020)

Реализация мероприятий по содействию инновационному развитию является одним из ключевых направлений долгосрочной национальной политики. В то же время зачастую государственная поддержка в сфере инновационного развития не соответствует потребностям экономических агентов или не учитывает состояния макрои микросреды, что определяет поиски новых способов государственного стимулирования инноваций и повышение эффективности уже существующих методов воздействия. С авторской позиции предлагается рассматривать активизацию инновационных процессов не просто как первичный элемент, а как базу инновационного развития национальной экономики, поскольку комплексные подходы проведения инновационной политики не позволяют максимизировать положительные эффекты от располагаемого научно-инновационного потенциала страны. В статье отмечено, что осуществление государственной поддержки инновационных процессов зачастую встречается с проблемами, которые невозможно объяснить исключительно экономическими подходами. Следовательно, возникает необходимость анализа институционального влияния на предоставление государственной поддержки инновационным процессам. Результатом настоящей статьи стало выделение институциональных проблем активизации инновационных процессов, которые необходимо учитывать при построении стратегии инновационного развития. В дальнейшем имеется возможность расширить теоретико-методический аппарат институционализации государственной поддержки с целью создания условий по разработке практических мероприятий, направленных на повышение эффективности использования научно-инновационного потенциала страны., Implementation of measures to promote innovative development is one of the key areas of long-term national policy. At the same time, state support in the field of innovative development often does not meet the needs of economic agents or does not take into account the state of the macro and micro-environment, which determines the search for new ways of state stimulation of innovation and improving the effectiveness of existing methods of influence. From the author's point of view, it is proposed to consider the activation of innovation processes not just as a primary element, but as the basis for innovative development of the national economy, since integrated approaches to innovation policy do not allow maximizing the positive effects of the available scientific and innovative potential of the country. The article notes that the implementation of state support for innovation processes often meets with problems that cannot be explained solely by economic approaches. Consequently, there is a need to analyze the institutional impact on the provision of state support for innovation processes. The result of this article is the identification of institutional factors for the activation of innovation processes that must be taken into account when building an innovative development strategy. In the future, it is possible to expand the theoretical and methodological apparatus for institutionalizing state support in order to create conditions for developing practical measures aimed at improving the efficiency of using the country's scientific and innovative potential.

Развитие практики государственного регулирования инновационных процессов на региональном уровне невозможно без усовершенствования концептуальных исследований этой сферы. Несмотря на значительные достижения отечественной экономической науки, проблематика определения мер региональной инновационной политики, а также принципов оценки эффективности инновационных процессов, которые будут способствовать улучшению инновационного климата территорий, а также учитывают особенности национальной экономики и отдельных регионов, является весьма актуальной.

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As a decisive factor in the existing economic competition in a world increasingly globalized, a market accessible through digitisation and unprecedented information speed, innovation has become the key objective that makes the difference between “to be” or “not to be” for every economic actor who aims to play a leading role on the market. Innovation has become a concept so widely spread that one cannot conceive the success of a business without this factor, whether we are talking about the innovation of a product, process or service or marketing and organization structure. Innovation has also became a key concept for public insitutions that intend to keep up with developments in technology, under the pressure from a society increasingly more connected to technology. The European Union promotes the concept of innovation at the center of the development strategy for the economic sector, thus generating the vision that governs three key tools: Research framework program, the cohesion policy and the framework program for competitiveness and innovation. In the present study we start from the definition of the concept of innovation. We approach the notion of innovative management perspective in the context of accessing European funding programs. Ultimately, the purpose of innovation management is the efficiency of innovative economic activity, i.e. in increasing productivity in balance with the principles of sustainable development. European funding programs stimulate the innovation management in entrepreneurship, public institutions and NGOs, whether we are talking about innovation in the economic field, at the level of social services or in the field of public services.

Background: Small and Medium enterprises (SMEs) are the main contributors of innovation. However, there are challenges that organizations face even if they foster innovation. These constraints are often external or internal and dependent on organizations resources and capabilities. It is often based on financial limits, the market, technology, human resources, skilled labor and information being limited. Even though there is research available about these factors separately, there is limited understanding of their influences on innovation ventures. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand what hinders companies in their innovation processes and if there are influencing reasons that forces Small and Medium Enterprises to give up on their innovation ventures. Methodology: This study is qualitative and took an inductive exploratory approach where the data was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. Six SMEs were interviewed based on a convenience judgmental sample and analyzed through the use of content analysis. Conclusion: This study concludes that, management, finance, marketing and shortcomings are the main influences that can hinder innovation processes but also lead SMEs to give up on innovation ventures as well.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess processes related to absorptive capacity (AC) dimensions in innovation-generating companies of traditional sectors in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Originality/value: Companies may establish differential advantages in the market due to how far they apply acquired knowledge and use organizational mechanisms. These mechanisms include intangible elements essential to the development of AC, a capacity that companies do not often recognize as important to generate innovation. Based on previous studies, we established a summary of AC elements and AC within its different dimensions. Then we created an assessment tool for AC analysis and knowledge generation dynamics in innovative micro-processes in organizations of the traditional sectors. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire with 47 items to assess potential and realized AC and their dimensions. We assessed two companies on their AC. These companies were participants of a project of the Núcleo de Apoio à Gestão da Inovação (Nagirs) of Instituto Euvaldo Lodi (IEL) in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, oriented to enhance innovation in traditional sectors. This study used content analysis and compared the evidence found with findings in the literature. Findings: The results suggested that, in companies of traditional sectors, AC can be considered explicative to innovation generation and the organizational dynamics orchestrating mechanisms for knowledge renewal. Data reveals that knowledge renewal requires managers and qualified workers’ engagement in search and application of external information that responds to the company’s strategic challenges. The study also contributes to establishing an assessment tool for AC in companies of traditional sectors.

The aim of the thesis is to discuss the key driving factors influencing the success of innovation in high-tech firms based in Sweden. The thesis will discuss key determinant factors and how those factors are connecting with each other. Organizational innovation and Organizational culture relationship have been under research for many years. The success of organizational innovation can be captured by various factors. Similarly, the organizational culture can be captured by different factors. During the research process, we came across various theories and this thesis is based on Rao and Weintraub (2013) developed model. The model provides six building blocks with determinant factors as a foundation for the successful innovative organizational culture. The six major building blocks or factors are Values, Behaviours, Climate, Resources, Processes, and Success (Rao & Weintraub, 2013). The purpose of the study is to define the hypothetical relationship between some of the six major factors which drives the successful innovation in the organization. The authors have developed a model for successful organizational innovation based on their hypotheses. It will be a matter of great interest to reflect upon the employee's feedback regarding those factors that influence firm’s organizational culture and successful innovation. The model was analyzed using the results of the survey in which 230 employees participated from Swedish based high-tech firms, using Structural Equation Modelling (Hair et al, 2010). The research results reveal some of the key contributors towards the successful organizational innovation and the relation between the factors for the successful organizational innovation. The factor successful innovation is strongly dependent on the innovation processes factor and this is followed by some more relatively moderate contributing factors such as the leaders’ behaviours, and the organizational resources. The study reveals that there is a strong relation between the innovation success and the innovation processes. The innovation processes factor is positively connected to the organization values, the leaders’ behaviours, and the organization resources. The organization climate is weakly connected to the innovation processes as represented by the data sample collected which needs to be further investigated. The model identified in the thesis gives an understanding of how the six factors are connected to drive the successful organizational innovation.

в статье выполнен контент-анализ публикаций Дальневосточного медицинского журнала (2007–2016 гг.) относительно инновационных процессов (ИП), совершенствующих работу практических врачей: интеллектуализация (ИПИ), медицинское страхование (ИП мед. страх), оказание первичной медико-санитарной помощи по принципу врача общей практики (семейного врача) ИПВОП(СВ), медицинская профилактика (ИП мед. проф), психологизация медицинской деятельности (ИПП). Установлено, что вектор научных исследований, отраженных в публикациях журнала, представлен ИПИ. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что публикации журнала не передают врачам инновации по ИП, обеспечивающие инновационное совершенствование их работы по ИП мед. страх, ИП ВОП (СВ), ИП мед. проф. ИПП, что сдерживает повышение качества оказания медицинской помощи населению, решение актуальных проблем здравоохранения Дальнего Востока – решение медико-социальных проблем демографического кризиса региона. Необходима диверсификация научных исследований по ИП мед. страх, ИП ВОП (СВ), ИП мед. проф. ИПП., the article provides the content-analysis of publications of the Far-Eastern medical journal (2007–2016) regarding innovative processes perfecting the work of general practitioners: intellectualization, medical insurance, primary medical assistance on principle of a general practitioner (family doctor), medical prophylaxis and interpretation of medical activity. It has been observed that vector of the scientific researches reflected in the journal publications is mainly presented by the intellectualization. The findings demonstrate that journal publications do not transfer the innovations of medical activity under health insurance regulations to the doctors that provide innovative perfection of their work on medical insurance, further development of primary medical assistance provided by the general practitioner (family doctor), medical prophylaxis, interpretation of medical activity, that restrains the improvement of medical assistance to the population, the solution to the current problems of the health care of the Russian Far East. The diversification of scientific researches is needed on medical insurance, further development of primary medical assistance provided by the general practitioner (family doctor), medical prophylaxis, interpretation of medical activity. Optimal mosaic innovations should solve the medico-social aspects of demographic crisis in the region.

Existe una larga lista de compañías que aún siendo líderes fallan al enfrentarse ante situaciones cambiantes de su entorno, de la economía y de los cambios tecnológicos. Las estrategias que han sido exitosas en un contexto específico de tiempo y espacio pueden no funcionar en otros momentos y por ello las empresas enfrentan hoy en día el reto de permanecer en el mercado. La innovación aparece como uno de los medios para la obtención de ventajas competitivas para la empresa, que le permite no sólo permanecer en el mercado sino el aumento de la demanda de sus productos o servicios, la reducción de costos o el aumento de sus capacidades. A partir de una revisión teórica y conceptual desde la teoría de capacidades organizacionales y de gestión de la innovación, la presente investigación se centra en indagar sobre cuáles son los factores críticos que inciden en la implementación exitosa del proceso de innovación. Como resultado, se iden tifican nueve factores de éxito: estructura, alineación estratégica, plataformas de innovación, proceso de innovación, redes de colaboración, liderazgo, cultura, competencias de base y sistemas de medición. A través de un estudio de caso, la investigación indagó cómo la gestión de estos factores ha influido en el éxito del proceso de innovación en una compañía . Abstract: There is a long list of companies that, even as leaders, fail to deal with changing environment, economy and technological changes. Strategies that have been successful in a specific context of time and space may not work at other times so companies face the challenge to stay in the market today. Innovation appears as one of the means to obtain competitive advantages for the c ompany, which allows it not only to stay in the market but also to increase the demand of its products or services, reduce costs or increase their capacity. Based on the review of the theory and concepts of organizational capabilities and innovation management, the research focus on identifying which are the crítical factors that are key to succeed in the implementation of the innovation process. As a result n ine factor are identified: structure, strategic alignment, innovation platforms, innovation process, networks, leadership, culture, base competences and measurement systems. T hrough a case study, the research analize how the management of these factors have influence the success of the innovation process in a company. Maestría

Розглянуто формування ринкової вартості промислового підприємства на основі інноваційних процесів, розкрито механізм комплексного впливу усіх типів інноваційних процесів на формування ринкової вартості підприємства у довгостроковому періоді та типи інноваційних процесів та їх вплив на зростання вартості промислового підприємства. Досліджено стадії життєвого циклу інновації. Формалізовано модель оцінки ринкової вартості у довгостроковому періоді на основі інноваційних процесів, визначено склад та взаємозв’язок функцій цієї моделі, що дає можливість забезпечити цілеспрямоване управління формуванням ринкової вартості промислового підприємства Formation of the industrial enterprises market value of the based on innovative processes is considered. The aim of the research is disclosure of the combined effect mechanism of all types of innovative processes for the formation of the enterprise market value in the long term. Types of innovative processes and their impact on the industrial enterprise value rising are considered. Stages of innovation life cycle are investigated. To enhance the impact of product innovations on the rising cost of industrial enterprise can in case of application process and allocation innovation at different stages of the innovation. Enterprise value in the long term is considered as a function of the cash flows. The model of estimation of the enterprise market value in the long term based on innovative processes is formalized. The composition and interrelation of the functions of this model are determined. It makes possible to provide targeted management of the formation of the market value of a production enterprise. The introduction of a management system of the industrial enterprise value in the long term based on the innovative processes will facilitate its adaptation to the dynamic processes of market changing. All of this will provide growth of the enterprise market value through an increase of assets value and through ensure growth future cash flows. Implementation of innovative active development strategy ensures long-term presence the industrial enterprise on market.

The evolution of global trends characterized by economic, social and political openness, driving innovation management as a dynamic hub for the competitiveness and sustainability of small and medium Colombian enterprises (SMEs). This article aims to describe the management of innovation in small and medium enterprises in the service sector in the city of Barranquilla. The focus was quantitative with a type descriptive, cross-sectional research, using as a technique for data collection, application of a structured questionnaire to one intentional and probabilistic sample of 80 companies in the services sector. The results show that 50% of SMEs Innovation is associated with the development of new products and services, there being a responsible person who manages and allocates tasks based on your criteria and market requirement. It was concluded that innovation management requires clearly defned processes and planned in relation to the inclusion of the same innovation in administrative practices, aspect that leads to a major upgrade and professionalize responsible managers, and staff that composes. El devenir de las tendencias mundiales caracterizadas por una apertura económica, social y política, impulsan la gestión de la innovación como eje dinamizador para la competitividad y sostenibilidad de las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) colombianas. El presente artículo, tiene como objetivo describir la gestión de la innovación en las pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector servicios en la ciudad de Barranquilla. El enfoque fue cuantitativo con un tipo de investigación descriptivo, transversal, utilizando como técnica para la recolección de la información la encuesta, mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario estructurado a una muestra de 80 empresas del sector servicios. Los resultados muestran que en un 50% de las pymes la innovación está asociada al desarrollo de nuevos productos y servicios, existiendo una persona responsable que gestiona y asigna tareas en función de sus criterios y de la exigencia del mercado. Se concluyó que la gestión de la innovación demanda de procesos claramente defnidos y planifcados en relación a la inclusión de la misma innovación en las prácticas administrativas, aspecto que conlleva a una mayor actualización y profesionalización de los gestores encargados, así como del personal que la compone.

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Development of innovative economy and enhancement of innovation, acting as a necessary condition for achieving economic growth of Kazakhstan and provide an opportunity to hold a strong position in the global economy. In addition, the country faced with the task of achieving high economic growth. Restoration features of economic growth of our economy are almost exhausted, and growth opportunities are extremely limited, including price dynamics on world market of raw materials. For further economic growth it is necessary to find a new source. Which are the innovations; hence they can contribute to achievement of economic growth of high quality on an ongoing basis.