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The development and proliferation of new information and communication technologies has generated some profound claims about the erasure of place. Whilst these claims have continued political and policy resonance, they are increasingly challenged in sociological debate, which emphasizes the persistence of the local. Following this lead, our article explores relations between technology and place. We develop our understanding through engagement with Science and Technology Studies, Actor Network Theory and geographical conceptualizations of place. Our argument is worked through a new empirical study of telemedicine, where new technologies are applied precisely to overcome place. Our analysis is that, on the contrary, empirical outcomes are legible only through the lens of place. This has important policy implications and broader implications for thinking about technology in contemporary debates about globalization. KEY WORDS globalization / information and communication technologies / midwifery / Norway / place

The potential for information technologies (ITs) to contribute to a struggle against social inequalities in health is discussed in contemporary policy and research. Expectations are on IT to facilitate access to health expertise and knowledge, and hence result in improved health practices and outcomes for individuals. In this article, the authors argue that this currently dominant understanding of the relation between IT and social inequalities in health is constraining as well as insufficient to explain the persistence of health inequalities in digitalized western societies. Human action is reduced to be about rational choice, and technology is expected to be a passive tool to be employed by implementers and policy-makers. Drawing on case studies from two telemedicine projects in Norway, this analysis combines perspectives from sociology concerned with structural inequalities on the one hand, with science technology studies on the other. It reveals how the practice and performance of IT is tied to the practice and performance of local differences, and this might be important to a discussion of the social distribution of health. Combining these two perspectives allows for an alternative understanding of how IT and social inequalities in health interact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considerable effort has been invested in telemedicine and e-health, but relatively few applications have endured beyond the research and development phase. Research within different academic disciplines points to the significance of established working and organizational relations within healthcare in shaping the outcome of particular projects, whether successful or otherwise. Even so, the findings appear as disparate and discrete observations which make it difficult for those involved in the field to get an overview of ICT in healthcare work and organization or to interpret the implications of the studies. The aim of our article is to demonstrate the importance and value of situating ICT initiatives within a sociological framework of healthcare work and organization and to show how this enables us to carry out systematic analysis across a range of ICT initiatives in different clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What might new information and communication technologies (ICTs) at work do for gender? This question is explored here through an empirical study that traces the introduction of one ICT application—an electronic patient record (EPR)—into nursing and medical work in a University hospital in Norway. Health care work is well documented as a highly gendered field, where normalizing gender practices have dominated. The aim of this article is to explore emergent configurations of gender, ICT, and health care work following the introduction of the EPR. Drawing on Judith Butler's conceptualization of performativity, where gender is produced only as it is cited in everyday practice, we pay attention to both the normative and the disruptive moments of these configurations. In order to understand gender in modern health care we suggest an analysis of the performative co-constitution of gender, technology, and work as it is done on a daily basis at the hospital. We explore the gender effects of this co-constitution, also as gender norms are challenged and new ways of performing professional identities in health care are moved beyond the familiar categories of the past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]