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Introduction: Oxidative response is a risk factor in the progression of arterial atherosclerosis., Objective: This research study aimed to examine the effects of oxidative response on atherosclerotic susceptibility as well as the development of arteriosclerosis occlusions of the tibial artery through pro-inflammatory mediator genes in elderly patients with occlusion of coronary arteries., Methods: We determined that oxidative stress biomarkers (Malondialdehyde-modified Low-density Lipoprotein (MDA-LDL), Oxidized Low-density Lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) as well as Heme Oxygenase- 1 (HO-1)] and the expressions of pro-inflammatory mediator genes [Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4), Nuclear Factor kappa-B (NF-κB), Myeloid Differentiating factor 88 (MyD88) and Growth Arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6)] have an impact on the severity of arteriosclerosis occlusions of tibial artery in elderly patients suffering from occlusion of coronary arteries., Results: Levels of MDA-LDL, Ox-LDL, HO-1, TLR4, NF-κB, MyD88, and GAS6 were increased in the occlusion of tibial arteries + two-vessel coronary occlusion group compared to the CON group and occlusion of tibial arteries + one-vessel coronary occlusion group, respectively (p < 0.001); they were also elevated in occlusion of tibial arteries + multiple-vessel coronary occlusion group compared to occlusion of tibial arteries + one-vessel coronary occlusion group and occlusion of tibial arteries + two-vessel coronary occlusion group, respectively (P < 0.001). This has indicated the key roles of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory mediator genes in arteriosclerosis occlusions of tibial artery in elderly patients with occlusion of coronary arteries., Conclusion: Oxidative response may promote the expressions of inflammatory genes and enhance susceptibility to arteriosclerosis occlusions of the tibial artery in elderly patients with chronic total coronary occlusions., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Background: The inflammation responses and oxidative stress were closely associated with coronary heart disease. We tried to evaluate the effects of multiple stents, long stents and small-diameter stents on inflammation responses and oxidative stress in the elderly patients with long diffuse reocclusions., Methods: The blood samples were obtained after an overnight fast and we evaluated the expression levels of soluble ST2 (sST2), acrolein (ACR), aldosterone (ALD), angiotensin II (Ang II), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the elderly patients with long diffuse reocclusions after multiple stents, long stents, small-diameter stents implanted., Results: Levels of sST2, ACR, ALD, Ang II, TLR4, TNF-α, MDA and hs-CRP were remarkably increased (P < 0.001) in the elderly patients with long diffuse reocclusions after multiple stents, long stents, small-diameter stents implanted. The multiple stents, long stents and small-diameter stents may promote inflammatory response and oxidative stress, and led to long diffuse reocclusions in the elderly patients. The multiple stents, long stents and small-diameter stents may play the key roles in long diffuse reocclusions of the elderly patients., Conclusions: The inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers could be considered as potential non-invasive diagnostic, predictive, prognostic and therapeutic molecular biomarkers for long diffuse reocclusions in the elderly patients after implantations of multiple stents, long stents and small-diameter stents., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Oxidative stress and inflammatory response played important roles in advanced atherosclerosis. We tried to confirm clinical diagnostic significance of the assessments of oxidative stress and inflammatory response status with in-stent reocclusion in 283 advanced age patients (80～90 years) after coronary stenting., Methods: We analyzed levels of circulating superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), nitric oxide (NO), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), acrolein（ACR）, and paraoxonase-1 （PON-1）in advanced age patients with in-stent restenosis and reocclusion after coronary stenting., Results: Levels of SOD3, eNOS, NO and PON-1 were lowered (P<0.001) and levels of MDA and ACR were increased (P<0.001)., Conclusion: The assessments of the biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory response (levels of MDA and ACR) and anti-oxidant biomarkers (levels of eNOS, NO, SOD3 and PON-1) could be considered as potential prognostic and diagnostic indicators of in-stent reocclusion in advanced age patients after coronary stenting., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.)

Background: Pro-oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory responses can influence each other in the development of atherosclerosis. This study evaluated the relationship between oxidative stress, inflammation, and multiple peripheral artery occlusions in elderly patients (age mean 71.2 ± 8.1 years). Methods: A total of 723 participants were enrolled: 67 healthy subjects, 214 patients with common iliac artery occlusions, 224 patients with popliteal artery occlusions, and 218 patients with femoral artery occlusions. We measured oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde [MDA], F2-isoprostane [F2-isoP], total oxidant status [TOS], and ischemia-modified albumin [IMA]) and the expressions of molecules in mimecan (MIME)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/P53/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway in older patients with multiple peripheral artery occlusions. Results: The levels of MDA, F2-isoP, TOS, IMA, MIME, NF-κB, P53, and TLR4 were increased in the single-site peripheral artery occlusive group when compared with healthy controls (P <.001) and were further increased in the multiple-site peripheral artery occlusive group compared with the single-site peripheral artery occlusive group (P <.001). Conclusion: Oxidative stress may promote inflammatory signaling pathways and lead to multiple peripheral artery occlusions in elderly patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pro‐inflammatory responses and oxidative stress damages, and effects of the reduced anti‐oxidation and anti‐inflammation were involved in development and progression of coronary heart disease. We tried to identify the effects of pro‐inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers as well as anti‐oxidant and anti‐inflammatory factors on multiple recurrent coronary in‐stent chronic total occlusions in elderly patients after coronary stenting. We determined the expression levels of endothelial progenitor cell (EPC), stromal cell‐derived factor‐1α (SDF‐1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), nitric oxide (NO), toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2), toll‐like receptor 3 (TLR3), toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), and soluble ST2 (sST2) in elderly patients with multiple recurrent coronary in‐stent chronic total occlusions after coronary stenting. The levels of EPC, SDF‐1α, VEGF, and NO were decreased in elderly patients with multiple recurrent coronary in‐stent chronic total occlusions (p <.001). The levels of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, and sST2 were increased in elderly patients with multiple recurrent coronary in‐stent chronic total occlusions (p <.001). The oxidative stress damages and pro‐inflammatory responses played the crucial roles in multiple recurrent coronary in‐stent chronic total occlusions of elderly patients after coronary stent placement. The levels of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, and sST2, and the expressions of EPC, SDF‐1α, VEGF, and NO could be considered as potential early predictive indicators for multiple recurrent coronary in‐stent chronic total occlusions in elderly patients after coronary stent implantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]