1. The role of antibody-based troponin detection in cardiovascular disease: A critical assessment.
- Author
-
Ma H, Cassedy A, and O'Kennedy R
- Subjects
- Antibodies immunology, COVID-19 complications, COVID-19 diagnosis, COVID-19 virology, Cardiovascular Diseases complications, Cardiovascular Diseases diagnosis, Humans, Prognosis, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, SARS-CoV-2 physiology, Troponin I immunology, Troponin T immunology, Antibodies blood, Biomarkers blood, Cardiovascular Diseases blood, Immunoassay methods, Troponin I blood, Troponin T blood
- Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has remained the world's biggest killer for 30 years. To aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients suffering cardiovascular-related disease accurate detection methods are essential. For over 20 years, the cardiac-specific troponins, I (cTnI) and T (cTnT), have acted as sensitive and specific biomarkers to assist in the diagnosis of various types of heart diseases. Various cardiovascular complications were commonly detected in patients with COVID-19, where cTn elevation is detectable, which suggested potential prognostic value of cTn in COVID-19-infected patients. Detection of these biomarkers circulating in the bloodstream is generally facilitated by immunoassays employing cTnI- and/or cTnT-specific antibodies. While several anti-troponin assays are commercially available, there are still obstacles to overcome to achieve optimal troponin detection. Such obstacles include the proteolytic degradation of N and C terminals on cTnI, epitope occlusion of troponin binding-sites by the cTnI/cTnT complex, cross reactivity of antibodies with skeletal troponins or assay interference caused by human anti-species antibodies. Therefore, further research into multi-antibody based platforms, multi-epitope targeting and rigorous validation of immunoassays is required to ensure accurate measurements. Moreover, in combination with various technical advances (e.g. microfluidics), antibody-based troponin detection systems can be more sensitive and rapid for incorporation into portable biosensor systems to be used at point-of care., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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