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The object of this study were to evaluate the toxic effect of celecoxib and ibuprofen with regard toxicopathological changes in mature male albino mice. Non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) must be prescribed with carefulness as courses of just a few days, even at amounts within prescribing recommendations, can be related with serious adverse effects in some patients. The cyclo-oxygenase-1 and 2 (COX-1 and COX-2) enzymes produce prostaglandins (PGs) after the metabolism of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (arachidonic acid). PGs are chemical messengers that mediate inflammation, fever and the sensation of pain. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of NSAIDs are produced by the prevention of PGs production by prevention of COX activity. Clinical effects and the risk profiles of the different NSAIDs are main factors to select which one are the best to achieve its function and by their variance ability to inhibit the COX-1 and/or COX-2 enzymes and their half-lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]