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Background GB004 is a small molecule prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (PHDi) that stabilizes hypoxia inducible factors (HIF1-α), key transcription factors involved in the protective cellular responses at the intersection of hypoxia and inflammation. GB004 was selected based on its gut-targeted profile to limit systemic on-target effects associated with HIF1-α stabilization. Consistent with this, orally administered GB004 in a healthy non-human primate model engaged HIF-related genes in the gut, and, in animal models of colitis, demonstrated a significant reduction in disease activity, improvements in histologic measures, and greater exposure in GI tissue relative to plasma. GB004 is in clinical development for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and was shown to be safe in a single ascending dose study. The study described here evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of multiple daily doses of GB004 in plasma and colon biopsies. Methods This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple dose, Phase 1a study conducted in healthy subjects at a single site in Canada. Three dose levels of GB004 formulated as a solution or placebo solution were administered orally once a day for 8 days; safety and PK were evaluated. Plasma levels of HIF target genes EPO and VEGF were determined by immunoassays from samples collected at pre-dose, 4, 8, and 12 hours post dose on Day 1 and Day 7. Colon biopsies were obtained one day prior to first dose and at Day 8. Results 42 subjects (20 male and 22 female) were dosed. No serious adverse events or deaths were recorded. The most commonly observed adverse event in GB004-treated subjects was dizziness (31%;10/22); all events were mild and did not result in study drug discontinuation. There were no identified risks of GB004. Following oral dosing, GB004 was rapidly absorbed and eliminated from the systemic circulation, with a median time to maximum concentration of 0.5 hour for all doses. Both Cmax and AUC of GB004 increased in a dose-dependent manner on Day 1 and 7. Concentrations of GB004 measured in colon biopsies were greater than concentrations in the plasma at the time of biopsy. Changes in plasma EPO or VEGF levels were similar for GB004 and placebo with no dose-related effects observed. Conclusions This study demonstrated that multiple daily doses of GB004 solution were safe and tolerable. The PK profile was consistent with its intended preferential exposure in the gut. In support of the gut-targeted exposure, HIF target genes EPO and VEGF were not modulated in plasma. A clinical study of GB004 is ongoing in patients with ulcerative colitis to explore safety, PK, and pharmacodynamics both systemically and within colonic tissue (NCT03860896). A tablet formulation is also being developed.

Background GB004 is a small-molecule prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor that stabilises hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1α), key transcription factors involved in the protective cellular responses at the intersection of hypoxia and inflammation. GB004 was selected based on its gut-targeted profile to limit systemic on-target effects associated with HIF-1α stabilisation. GB004 is in clinical development for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and was shown to be safe in a single ascending dose study. The study described here evaluates the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of multiple daily doses of GB004 in plasma and colon biopsies. Methods This was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-dose, Phase 1a study conducted in healthy subjects at a single site in Canada. Three dose levels of GB004 or placebo formulated as a solution were administered orally once a day for 8 days; safety and PK were evaluated. Colon biopsies were obtained one day prior to the first dose and on Day 8. Colonic tissue concentrations of GB004 and HIF pathway target genes were determined. Results Forty-two subjects (20 male and 22 female) were dosed. No serious adverse events or deaths were recorded. The most commonly observed adverse event in GB004-treated subjects was dizziness (31%,10/32); all events were mild and did not result in study drug discontinuation. There were no identified risks of GB004. Following oral dosing, GB004 was rapidly absorbed and eliminated from the systemic circulation, with a median time to maximum concentration of 0.5 h for all dose levels. Concentrations of GB004 measured in colon biopsies were greater than in plasma at the time of the biopsy. Dose-related HIF pathway target gene engagement and PD were confirmed. Conclusion This study demonstrated that multiple daily doses of GB004 solution were safe and tolerable. The PK profile was consistent with its intended preferential exposure in the gut. A clinical study of GB004 is ongoing in patients with ulcerative colitis to explore safety, tolerability, PK and PD both systemically and within colonic tissue (NCT03860896). A tablet formulation is also being developed.

BACKGROUND:GB004 is a small molecule prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (PHDi) that stabilizes hypoxia inducible factors (HIF-α), key transcription factors involved in the adaptive and protective cellular responses at the intersection of hypoxia and inflammation. GB004 is being developed as a therapy for