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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a systemic disease that affects not only the respiratory system. Sex hormones deficiency in men can be correlated with the COPD stages and make a negative contribution during its progression. Up to date, there are no long-term trials evaluating the effects of androgens on the parameters of respiratory function in patients with COPD. Changes of testosterone levels in patients with COPD correlate with forced expiratory volume, and hypoxemia and hypercapnia levels. Glucocorticosteroids exacerbate androgen deficiency in patients with COPD, and the use of hormone replacement therapy with testosterone in these patients is justified. Androgens, in particular drug nebido, testosterone depot, can be effectively used in treatment and rehabilitation of patients with COPD.

In spite of its prevalence, age-related androgen deficiency has not been studied in full. Androgen deficiency is associated with a lot of age-related diseases (coronary artery disease, arterial hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis etc). The level of testosterone in men gradually decreases beginning at the age of 30 to 40 years. Age-related hypogonadism results in an increase in the frequency of cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular mortality. Low testosterone level is associated with dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, reduction of fibrinolysis, insulinoresistance, and abdominal obesity. Physiological doses of androgen preparations are supposed to have a positive effect on various chains of metabolism and improve the course of diseases in men.