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Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has evolved into a serious public health issue that demands the use of suitable methods to estimate the risk of the disease. As a result, in a sample of individuals who completed a 3-year low-sodium salt or conventional salt intervention in a hypertensive environment, we constructed a 13-year cardiovascular (CV) event risk prediction model with a 10-year follow-up., Methods: A Cox proportional hazards model was used to build a prediction model based on data from 306 participants who matched the inclusion criteria. Both the discriminating power and the calibration of the prediction models were assessed. The discriminative power of the prediction model was measured using the area under the curve (AUC). Brier scores and calibration plots were used to assess the prediction model's calibration. The model was internally validated using the tenfold cross-validation method. The nomogram served as a tool for visualising the model., Results: Among the 306 total individuals, there were 100 cases and 206 control. In the model, there were six predictors including age, smoking, LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), baseline SBP (systolic blood pressure), CVD (cardiovascular history), and CNV (genomic copy number variation) nsv483076. The fitted model has an AUC of 0.788, showing strong model discrimination, and a Brier score of 0.166, indicating that it was well-calibrated. According to the results of internal validation, the prediction model utilised in this study had a good level of repeatability. According to the model integrating the interaction of CNVs and baseline blood pressure, the effect of baseline SBP on CV events may be greater when nsv483076 was normal double copies than when nsv483076 was copy number variation., Conclusions: The efficacy of risk prediction models for CV events that include environmental and genetic components is excellent, and they may be utilised as risk assessment tools for CV events in specific groups to offer a foundation for tailored intervention strategies., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Excess sodium consumption and insufficient potassium intake contribute to high blood pressure and thus increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. In low-sodium salt, a portion of the sodium in salt (the amount varies, typically ranging from 10 to 50%) is replaced with minerals such as potassium chloride. Low-sodium salt may be an effective, scalable, and sustainable approach to reduce sodium and therefore reduce blood pressure and cardiovascular disease at the population level. Low-sodium salt programs have not been widely scaled up, although they have the potential to both reduce dietary sodium intake and increase dietary potassium intake. This article proposes a framework for a successful scale-up of low-sodium salt use in the home through four core strategies: availability, awareness and promotion, affordability, and advocacy. This framework identifies challenges and potential solutions within the core strategies to begin to understand the pathway to successful program implementation and evaluation of low-sodium salt use.

BackgroundIn this study, we aimed to explore the antihypertensive effect of 23 and 52% concentrations of low-sodium salt combined with the Chinese Modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (CM-DASH) diet in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes.MethodsWe conducted a randomized controlled single-blind trial with a semi-open design. One hundred and thirty-two participants were randomly assigned into Group A (control group), Group B (52% low-sodium salt group), Group C (23% low-sodium salt group), and Group D (meal pack group) for 8 weeks of dietary intervention. All participants were followed weekly to collect data on blood pressure, salt use, and adverse events. Blood and 24-h urine samples were analyzed at baseline, 4 weeks, and the end of the intervention.ResultsAt the end of the intervention, the mean blood pressure decreased significantly by 10.81/5.03 mmHg, 14.32/6.32 mmHg, 14.20/6.59 mmHg, and 19.06/7.82 mmHg in Groups A–D, respectively, compared with baseline (p

Introduction: Introduction: hypertension and diabetes are chronic disorders associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Objectives: to evaluate the effect of 52 % low-sodium salt applied to the Chinese-modified DASH (CM-DASH) diet on risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in patients with hypertension and type-2 diabetes. Methods: the low-sodium salt group (LSSG) took 5 g/day of 52 % low-sodium salt plus CM-DASH diet for 8 weeks, while the normal-sodium salt group (NSSG) took the same dose of normal-sodium salt plus CM-DASH diet for 8 weeks. Blood tests, 24-hour urine tests, anthropometric measurements, and 10-year risk of ASCVD prediction were assessed. Results: compared with baseline, both LSSG and NSSG showed a significant reduction in 10-year risk of ASCVD, but we did not find any statistically significant differences in 10-year risk of ASCVD between LSSG and NSSG. Conclusions: our study shows that salt limits and DASH diets reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease whereas low-sodium salt containing 52 % sodium chloride did not significantly lower the risk of cardiovascular disease when compared to regular salt. Due to the limitations of the research, additional studies will be necessary to confirm our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Hypertension is an important noncommunicable disease of global significance. Low-sodium salt substitutes (LSSS) are increasingly being used for hypertensive persons. The sodium content of these salts is reduced by substituting varying proportion of sodium with potassium. Materials and Methods: The present study was done to assess the awareness of ideal salt intake, knowledge of the availability of LSSS, their indications, and contraindications among 165 doctors of Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada. Results: The knowledge of correct upper limit of salt as 5 g/day was present in 46.7% of the participants and that for the availability of LSSS in 71%. Knowledge about the mechanism of sodium reduction with potassium substitution was found to be correct in 17.6% participants. LSSS were prescribed by 31 (18.8%), and 118 (71.5%) participants did not know about their contraindications in patients with renal disease, cardiac problems, and diabetes and patients on K-sparing diuretics and painkillers. Conclusions: The study underlines the importance of knowledge about salt reduction, LSSS, their indications, and contraindications in doctors. Regulated availability of these salts and widespread information for the primary care physicians to prevent mishaps following their use is recommended.

Introduction: Hypertension is an important noncommunicable disease of global significance. Low-sodium salt substitutes (LSSS) are increasingly being used for hypertensive persons. The sodium content of these salts is reduced by substituting varying proportion of sodium with potassium. Materials and Methods: The present study was done to assess the awareness of ideal salt intake, knowledge of the availability of LSSS, their indications, and contraindications among 165 doctors of Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada. Results: The knowledge of correct upper limit of salt as 5 g/day was present in 46.7% of the participants and that for the availability of LSSS in 71%. Knowledge about the mechanism of sodium reduction with potassium substitution was found to be correct in 17.6% participants. LSSS were prescribed by 31 (18.8%), and 118 (71.5%) participants did not know about their contraindications in patients with renal disease, cardiac problems, and diabetes and patients on K-sparing diuretics and painkillers. Conclusions: The study underlines the importance of knowledge about salt reduction, LSSS, their indications, and contraindications in doctors. Regulated availability of these salts and widespread information for the primary care physicians to prevent mishaps following their use is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]