1. Detrimental effect of diabetes and hypertension on the severity and mortality of COVID-19 infection: A multi-center case-control study from India.
- Author
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Jayaswal SK, Singh S, Malik PS, Venigalla SK, Gupta P, Samaga SN, Hota RN, Bhatia SS, and Gupta I
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, COVID-19 complications, COVID-19 epidemiology, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Comorbidity, Diabetes Mellitus mortality, Female, Humans, Hypertension complications, Hypertension mortality, India epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, SARS-CoV-2 physiology, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult, COVID-19 mortality, COVID-19 pathology, Diabetes Mellitus epidemiology, Hypertension epidemiology
- Abstract
Aims: This study aims to find a quantitative association between the presence of co-existing diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or hypertension (HTN) with COVID-19 infection severity and mortality., Methods: A total of 813 patients with a positive COVID-19 were included. A case-control design was used to dissect the association between DM and HTN with COVID-19 severity and mortality., Results: According to MOHFW guidelines, 535 (65.7%) patients had mild, 160 (19.7%) patients had moderate, and 118 (14.5%) patients had severe disease outcomes including mortality in 52 patients. Age, Neutrophil%, and Diabetes status were significantly associated with severe COVID-19 infection. After adjusting for age, patients with diabetes were 2.46 times more likely to have severe disease (Chi-squared = 18.89, p-value<0.0001) and 2.11 times more likely to have a fatal outcome (Chi-squared = 6.04, p-value = 0.014). However, we did not find evidence for Hypertension modifying the COVID-19 outcomes in Diabetic patients., Conclusion: COVID-19 severity and mortality both were significantly associated with the status of DM and its risk may not be modified by the presence of HTN., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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