1. Atorvastatin in nano-particulate formulation abates muscle and liver affliction when coalesced with coenzyme Q10 and/or vitamin E in hyperlipidemic rats.
- Author
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Farrag SM, Hamzawy MA, El-Yamany MF, Saad MA, and Nassar NN
- Subjects
- Animals, Anticholesteremic Agents administration & dosage, Anticholesteremic Agents chemistry, Anticholesteremic Agents pharmacology, Antioxidants administration & dosage, Antioxidants chemistry, Antioxidants pharmacology, Atorvastatin administration & dosage, Atorvastatin chemistry, Drug Compounding, Hyperlipidemias metabolism, Hyperlipidemias pathology, Liver pathology, Male, Muscles pathology, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Ubiquinone administration & dosage, Ubiquinone chemistry, Ubiquinone pharmacology, Vitamin E administration & dosage, Vitamin E chemistry, Vitamins administration & dosage, Vitamins chemistry, Vitamins pharmacology, Atorvastatin pharmacology, Hyperlipidemias drug therapy, Liver drug effects, Muscles drug effects, Nanoparticles administration & dosage, Ubiquinone analogs & derivatives, Vitamin E pharmacology
- Abstract
Aims: Statins are the most widely used to lower elevated low-density lipoprotein levels and preventing cardiovascular diseases in humans. However, about 20% of patients treated with this medication suffer from statin-related myalgia. To this end, this study investigated the potential effect of nano-particulate formulation in alleviating the muscles and liver damage either alone or when co-administered with nano coenzyme Q10 and nano vitamin E., Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed normal diet or high-fat diet for 12 weeks, following which rats were treated with either (i) atorvastatin (5 or 20 mg/kg/day, p.o.) or (ii) atorvastatin with CoQ10 (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) (iii) and/or vitamin E (30 mg/kg/day, p.o.) in free particle or nanoparticle forms for another 4 weeks. In all rats, serum total cholesterol (CH), triglycerides (TGs), low (LDL) and high (HDL) density lipoproteins, alanine (ALT) and aspartate (AST) transaminases, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), albumin (ALB), as well as hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidants "reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)" were measured. Additionally quadriceps muscles and liver tissues were used for histopathological examination., Key Findings: The antihyperlipidemic effect of statins was not altered when formulated as nanoparticles; albeit the former showed a prominent reduction in the liver and muscle enzymes and histopathological alterations together with a marked decline in the oxidative stress as compared to the free particulate form. These results were augmented when atorvastatin was combined with CoQ10 and/or Vit.E., Significance: Nanoparticulate formulation alleviated the statins induced liver and muscle damage especially when combined with CoQ10 and/or Vit.E., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
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