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Carbon fiber and its composites are widely used as structural materials due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, the chemical inertness of carbon fibers restricts their further application. In this paper, we implemented that the modification of carbon fiber via coating aramid nanofibers based on pre-treatment of carbon fiber surface by dopamine. At the same time, the effects of modified fibers on the properties of paper-based materials were investigated. It was found that pre-treatment of carbon fiber contributed to the cationization of the surface of carbon fiber, and further assisted the coating of aramid nanofiber by electrostatic adsorption. The surface morphology, chemical composition, hydrophilic property and mechanical properties of carbon fiber paper-based material were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), contact angle tester and tension tester. The results showed that the best coating effect on carbon fiber was achieved when the concentration of aramid nanofiber is 0.2% the best deposition effect when the 0.2% concentration of nano aramid fiber. The carbon fiber paper-based material modified by aramid nanofiber has good hydrophobic properties(CA=112.4°C) and mechanical properties(6.74 MPa). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]