Search

Highlights • Two processes are used to prepare dialdehyde starch nanoparticles. • Starch nanocrystals showed great stability and dispersibility after oxidation. • The crystallinity and particle size of dialdehyde starch nanoparticles are different. • Starch nanocrystals have great emulsification properties. Abstract Physicochemical and emulsification properties of dialdehyde starch nanocrystals (DASNCs) and dialdehyde starch nanoparticles (DASNPs) were measured in this study. The starch nanocrystals (SNCs), which are prepared by sulfuric acid hydrolysis, were oxidized by sodium periodate to obtain the DASNCs. The DASNPs were prepared by gelatinization and alcohol precipitation of dialdehyde starch. After oxidization by sodium periodate, the SNCs and SNPs became smaller and more suitable for dispersion. X-ray diffraction results showed that the crystal pattern of the SNCs was preserved after oxidation. However, only a single broad peak at the Bragg angle of the DASNPs was observed. The SNCs and DASNCs can form Pickering emulsions, but the emulsions stabilized by the SNPs and DASNPs could be easily broken. The preparation methods for the two kinds of dialdehyde starch nanoparticles are different, so their structures, properties and applications are different. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Pea starch nanocrystals (PSN) dispersion containing nanocrystals in a range of 30–80nm was prepared from native pea starch (NPS) granules by acid hydrolysis. Two series of films were prepared by blending poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with NPS and PSN, respectively. The effects of NPS and PSN on the structure and properties of the resulting films were comparatively investigated by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and testing of light transmittance, tensile, and moisture uptake. The light transmittance (Tr), tensile strength (σ b), and elongation at break (ε b) of the PVA/NPS films were lower than that of PVA film and decreased with an increase in NPS content. However, the PVA/PSN nanocomposite films containing 5 and 10wt% of PSN content exhibited improved physical properties over the PVA film. The PVA/PSN films showed higher Tr, σ b, and ε b, and lower moisture uptake (Mu) than the corresponding PVA/NPS films with the same component ration. For example, the values of Tr, σ b, ε b, and Mu of the PVA/PSN film containing 10wt% of PSN content were 91%, 40MPa, 734% and 71%, respectively; while those of the corresponding PVA/NPS film were 69%, 35MPa, 579% and 73%, respectively. The results revealed that PSN, comparing with NPS, had much smaller sizes and dispersed more homogeneously in PVA matrix, resulting in stronger interactions with PVA. New applications of native pea starch and its nanocrystals as low-cost fillers were explored in this work, and PSN exhibited greater potential than NPS to improve the properties of PVA-based composites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]