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Objective: We hypothesized that CO 2 and H + stimulate capillaries and arterioles to produce local and conducted vasodilations required to coordinate the distribution of blood flow to contracting skeletal muscle fibers., Methods: CO 2 and H + independently and in combination were applied to 2A arterioles (first branch order from the 1A feed arteriole) and capillaries of the in situ, blood-perfused hamster cremaster muscle. The resulting local and conducted vasodilations were measured., Results: H + (pH: 7.2-6.6) and CO 2 (5% and 10%) applied to the vascular network induced 2A arteriolar vasodilations, while 15% CO 2 produced vasoconstriction. Localized application of H + produced 2A arteriolar vasodilation, while 15% CO 2 resulted in a variable response. Simultaneous application of CO 2 and H + did not result in the predicted additive effects. Application of CO 2 and H + alone or combined on arterioles or capillaries did not induce a conducted response., Conclusions: CO 2 and H + produce arteriolar vasodilation but, critically, cannot stimulate the spread of vasodilation throughout the network, thus limiting their ability to coordinating blood flow to contracting skeletal muscle fibers. Given their potential for interaction, the importance of CO 2 and H + may lie in their ability to modify the effects of other vasodilators., (© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)