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This study emphasizes the importance of accurate calibration in sediment transport models and highlights the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI), specifically machine learning, in improving accuracy and computational efficiency. Extensive experiments were carried out in the Riba-Roja reservoir, which is located in the northeastern Iberian Peninsula. The accumulated sediment volume (ASV) curve was used to calibrate these experiments. The optimal ASV curve was found to be very close to the experimental data, with only minor differences in upstream areas. The results revealed a consistent rate of sediment transport and settling. Furthermore, the study investigated the capabilities of deep neural networks (DNNs) in predicting ASV curves and observing variable performance. In essence, the study highlights AI's potential for enhancing sediment transport models. • The study underscores the value of AI in enhancing sediment transport model calibration. • The simulations revealed accurate results, with minor discrepancies in upstream regions. • The DNNs, demonstrated reliable predictive capabilities in forecasting ASV curves. • AI, coupled with Monte Carlo method, reduces sediment model computation time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]