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5 results on '"Workman, C."'

1. The 2021 SIIM-FISABIO-RSNA Machine Learning COVID-19 Challenge: Annotation and Standard Exam Classification of COVID-19 Chest Radiographs.

Author

Lakhani, Paras, Mongan, J, Singhal, C, Zhou, Q, Andriole, K, Auffermann, W, Prasanna, P, Pham, T, Peterson, Michael, Bergquist, P, Cook, T, Ferraciolli, S, Corradi, G, Takahashi, M, Workman, C, Parekh, M, Kamel, S, Galant, J, Mas-Sanchez, A, Benítez, E, Sánchez-Valverde, M, Jaques, L, Panadero, M, Vidal, M, Culiañez-Casas, M, Angulo-Gonzalez, D, Langer, S, de la Iglesia-Vayá, María, and Shih, G

Subjects
Artificial Intelligence, COVID-19, Machine Learning, Pneumonia, Radiography, Thorax, Humans, COVID-19, Artificial Intelligence, Radiography, Machine Learning, Radiologists, Radiography, Thoracic
Abstract

We describe the curation, annotation methodology, and characteristics of the dataset used in an artificial intelligence challenge for detection and localization of COVID-19 on chest radiographs. The chest radiographs were annotated by an international group of radiologists into four mutually exclusive categories, including typical, indeterminate, and atypical appearance for COVID-19, or negative for pneumonia, adapted from previously published guidelines, and bounding boxes were placed on airspace opacities. This dataset and respective annotations are available to researchers for academic and noncommercial use.

Published
2023

2. Effective control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission between healthcare workers during a period of diminished community prevalence of COVID-19

Author

Jones, N. K., Rivett, L., Sparkes, D., Forrest, S., Sridhar, S., Young, J., Pereira-Dias, J., Cormie, C., Gill, H., Reynolds, N., Wantoch, M., Routledge, M., Warne, B., Levy, J., Jimenez, W. D. C., Samad, F. N. B., Mcnicholas, C., Ferris, M., Gray, J., Gill, M., Curran, M. D., Fuller, S., Chaudhry, A., Shaw, A., Bradley, J. R., Hannon, G. J., Goodfellow, I. G., Dougan, G., Smith, K. G. C., Lehner, P. J., Wright, G., Matheson, N. J., Baker, S., Weekes, M. P., Bradley, J., Goodfellow, I., Gupta, R., Lyons, P. A., Torok, M. E., Toshner, M., Kean, I., Caddy, S., Caller, L., Feltwell, T., Hall, G., Hamilton, W., Hosmillo, M., Houldcroft, C., Jahun, A., Khokhar, F., Meredith, L., Yakovleva, A., Butcher, H., Caputo, D., Clapham-Riley, D., Dolling, H., Furlong, A., Graves, B., Gresley, E. L., Kingston, N., Papadia, S., Stark, H., Stirrups, K. E., Webster, J., Calder, J., Harris, J., Hewitt, S., Kennet, J., Meadows, A., Rastall, R., Brien, C. O., Price, J., Publico, C., Rowlands, J., Ruffolo, V., Tordesillas, H., Hannon, G., Brookes, K., Canna, L., Cruz, I., Dempsey, K., Elmer, A., Escoffery, N., Jones, H., Ribeiro, C., Saunders, C., Wright, A., Nyagumbo, R., Roberts, A., Bucke, A., Hargreaves, S., Johnson, D., Narcorda, A., Read, D., Sparke, C., Worboys, L., Lagadu, K., Mactavous, L., Gould, T., Raine, T., Mather, C., Ramenatte, N., Vallier, A. -L., Kasanicki, M., Eames, P. -J., Thake, L., Bartholomew, N., Brown, N., Curran, M., Parmar, S., Zhang, H., Bowring, A., Martell, G., Quinnell, N., Wright, J., Murphy, H., Dunmore, B. J., Legchenko, E., Graf, S., Huang, C., Hodgson, J., Hunter, K., Martin, J., Mescia, F., Odonnell, C., Pointon, L., Shih, J., Sutcliffe, R., Tilly, T., Tong, Z., Treacy, C., Wood, J., Bergamaschi, L., Betancourt, A., Bowyer, G., De Sa, A., Epping, M., Hinch, A., Huhn, O., Jarvis, I., Lewis, D., Marsden, J., Mccallum, S., Nice, F., Omarjee, O., Perera, M., Romashova, N., Strezlecki, M., Yarkoni, N. S., Turner, L., Bailey, B., Doughton, R., Workman, C., Trotter, C., David, W., Jimenez, C., Jones, Nick K [0000-0003-4475-7761], Sridhar, Sushmita [0000-0001-7453-7482], Hannon, Gregory J [0000-0003-4021-3898], Goodfellow, Ian G [0000-0002-9483-510X], Lehner, Paul J [0000-0001-9383-1054], Matheson, Nicholas J [0000-0002-3318-1851], Weekes, Michael P [0000-0003-3196-5545], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Infectious Disease Transmission, global health, Occupational safety and health, Hospitals, University, Patient-to-Professional, 0302 clinical medicine, COVID-19 Testing, Patient Admission, Nasopharynx, Pandemic, Epidemiology, Prevalence, Medicine, Infection control, Mass Screening, 030212 general & internal medicine, Viral, Biology (General), Family Characteristics, General Neuroscience, Infectious, human biology, virus diseases, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Hospitals, 3. Good health, virology, Community-Acquired Infections, Occupational Diseases, England, epidemiology, Female, medicine.symptom, Symptom Assessment, Coronavirus Infections, Hospital Units, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional, QH301-705.5, Health Personnel, infectious disease, Science, Pneumonia, Viral, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Asymptomatic, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Betacoronavirus, Disease Transmission, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Humans, human, Human Biology and Medicine, Hospitals, Teaching, Pandemics, Mass screening, Asymptomatic Diseases, emerging pathogens, University, Infection Control, General Immunology and Microbiology, business.industry, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, SARS-CoV-2, Teaching, COVID-19, Pneumonia, medicine, occupational health, Contact Tracing, Program Evaluation, 030104 developmental biology, Epidemiology and Global Health, Emergency medicine, business, Research Advance, Contact tracing
Abstract

Previously, we showed that 3% (31/1032)of asymptomatic healthcare workers (HCWs) from a large teaching hospital in Cambridge, UK, tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in April 2020. About 15% (26/169) HCWs with symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (Rivett et al., 2020). Here, we show that the proportion of both asymptomatic and symptomatic HCWs testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 rapidly declined to near-zero between 25th April and 24th May 2020, corresponding to a decline in patient admissions with COVID-19 during the ongoing UK ‘lockdown’. These data demonstrate how infection prevention and control measures including staff testing may help prevent hospitals from becoming independent ‘hubs’ of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and illustrate how, with appropriate precautions, organizations in other sectors may be able to resume on-site work safely.

Published
2020

3. Early life stress explains reduced positive memory biases in remitted depression

Author

Gethin, J. A., Lythe, K. E., Workman, C. I., Mayes, A., Moll, J., and Zahn, R.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Overgeneralisation, early life stress, Major depressive disorder, behavioral disciplines and activities, Article, memory, Cognition, Memory, mental disorders, Humans, Attention, negative bias, Internal-External Control, Depressive Disorder, Major, Associative memory, Retention, Psychology, Early life stress, Middle Aged, Emotional bias, Self Concept, Psychiatry and Mental health, Case-Control Studies, depression, Female, Stress, Psychological
Abstract

Background: There is contradictory evidence regarding negative memory biases in major depressive disorder (MDD) and whether these persist into remission, which would suggest their role as vulnerability traits rather than correlates of mood state. Early life stress (ELS), common in patients with psychiatric disorders, has independently been associated with memory biases, and confounds MDD versus control group comparisons. Furthermore, in most studies negative biases could have resulted from executive impairments rather than memory difficulties per se. Methods: To investigate whether memory biases are relevant to MDD vulnerability and how they are influenced by ELS, we developed an associative recognition memory task for temporo-spatial contexts of social actions with low executive demands, which were matched across conditions (self-blame, other-blame, self-praise, other-praise). We included fifty-three medication-free remitted MDD (25 with ELS, 28 without) and 24 healthy control (HC) participants without ELS. Results: Only MDD patients with ELS showed a reduced bias (accuracy/speed ratio) towards memory for positive vs. negative materials when compared with MDD without ELS and with HC participants; attenuated positive biases correlated with number of past major depressive episodes, but not current symptoms. There were no biases towards self-blaming or self-praising memories. Conclusions: This demonstrates that reduced positive biases in associative memory were specific to MDD patients with ELS rather than a general feature of MDD, and were associated with lifetime recurrence risk which may reflect a scarring effect. If replicated, our results would call for stratifying MDD patients by history of ELS when assessing and treating emotional memories.

Published
2017

4. Effects of CCR5-Δ32, CCR2-64I, and SDF-1 3′ a alleles on HIV-1 disease progression: An international meta-analysis of individual-patient data

Author

Ioannidis, J. P. A., Rosenberg, P. S., Goedert, J. J., Ashton, L. J., Benfield, T. L., Buchbinder, S. P., Coutinho, R. A., Eugen-Olsen, J., Gallart, T., Katzenstein, T. L., Kostrikis, Leontios G., Kuipers, H., Louie, L. G., Mallal, S. A., Margolick, J. B., Martinez, O. P., Meyer, L., Michael, N. L., Operskalski, E., Pantaleo, G., Rizzardi, G. P., Schuitemaker, H., Sheppard, H. W., Stewart, G. J., Theodorou, I. D., Ullum, H., Vicenzi, E., Vlahov, D., Wilkinson, D., Workman, C., Zagury, J. -F, O'Brien, T. R., and Kostrikis, Leontios G. [0000-0002-5340-7109]

Subjects
chemokine receptor CCR5, Receptors, CCR5, proportional hazards model, chemokine receptor CCR2, Human immunodeficiency virus 1, HIV Infections, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor, genetic risk, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, regression analysis, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, Humans, genetics, stromal cell derived factor 1, human, seroconversion, Alleles, Proportional Hazards Models, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, alpha chemokine, disease course, disease association, article, allele, risk assessment, chemokine receptor, clinical trial, major clinical study, mortality, heterozygote, priority journal, Disease Progression, HIV-1, RNA, Receptors, Chemokine, metabolism, disease activity, Chemokines, CXC, meta analysis
Abstract

Background: Studies relating certain chemokine and chemokine receptor gene alleles with the outcome of HIV-1 infection have yielded inconsistent results. Objective: To examine postulated associations of genetic alleles with HIV-1 disease progression. Design: Meta-analysis of individual-patient data. Setting: 19 prospective cohort studies and case-control studies from the United States, Europe, and Australia. Patients: Patients with HIV-1 infection who were of European or African descent. Measurements: Time to AIDS, death, and death after AIDS and HIV-1 RNA level at study entry or soon after seroconversion. Data were combined with fixed-effects and random-effects models. Results: Both the CCR5-Δ32 and CCR2-64I alleles were associated with a decreased risk for progression to AIDS (relative hazard among seroconverters, 0.74 and 0.76, respectively P = 0.01 for both), a decreased risk for death (relative hazard among seroconverters, 0.64 and 0.74 P < 0.05 for both), and lower HIV-1 RNA levels after seroconversion (difference, -0.18 log10 copies/mL and -0.14 log10 copies/mL P < 0.05 for both). Having the CCR5-Δ32 or CCR2-64I allele had no clear protective effect on the risk for death after development of AIDS. The results were consistent between seroconverters and seroprevalent patients. In contrast, SDF-1 3′A homozygotes showed no decreased risk for AIDS (relative hazard for seroconverters and seroprevalent patients, 0.99 and 1.03, respectively), death (relative hazard, 0.97 and 1.00), or death after development of AIDS (relative hazard, 0.81 and 0.97 P < 0.5 for all). Conclusions: The CCR5-Δ32 and CCR2-64I alleles had a strong protective effect on progression of HIV-1 infection, but SDF-1 3′A homozygosity carried no such protection. 135 782 795 Cited By :238

Published
2001

5. Changes in HIV‐1 viral load trends with highly active antiretroviral therapy

Author

Leroi Mj, Workman C, Choo Beng Chew, and Dominic E. Dwyer

Subjects
Anti-HIV Agents, business.industry, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, General Medicine, Viral Load, medicine.disease_cause, Virology, Antiretroviral therapy, HIV-1, Humans, Medicine, New South Wales, business, Viral load
Published
2001

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