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1. Multi-ancestry genome-wide study identifies effector genes and druggable pathways for coronary artery calcification

Author

Kavousi, Maryam, Bos, Maxime M, Barnes, Hanna J, Lino Cardenas, Christian L, Wong, Doris, Lu, Haojie, Hodonsky, Chani J, Landsmeer, Lennart PL, Turner, Adam W, Kho, Minjung, Hasbani, Natalie R, de Vries, Paul S, Bowden, Donald W, Chopade, Sandesh, Deelen, Joris, Benavente, Ernest Diez, Guo, Xiuqing, Hofer, Edith, Hwang, Shih-Jen, Lutz, Sharon M, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Slenders, Lotte, Smith, Albert V, Stanislawski, Maggie A, van Setten, Jessica, Wong, Quenna, Yanek, Lisa R, Becker, Diane M, Beekman, Marian, Budoff, Matthew J, Feitosa, Mary F, Finan, Chris, Hilliard, Austin T, Kardia, Sharon LR, Kovacic, Jason C, Kral, Brian G, Langefeld, Carl D, Launer, Lenore J, Malik, Shaista, Hoesein, Firdaus AA Mohamed, Mokry, Michal, Schmidt, Reinhold, Smith, Jennifer A, Taylor, Kent D, Terry, James G, van der Grond, Jeroen, van Meurs, Joyce, Vliegenthart, Rozemarijn, Xu, Jianzhao, Young, Kendra A, Zilhão, Nuno R, Zweiker, Robert, Assimes, Themistocles L, Becker, Lewis C, Bos, Daniel, Carr, J Jeffrey, Cupples, L Adrienne, de Kleijn, Dominique PV, de Winther, Menno, den Ruijter, Hester M, Fornage, Myriam, Freedman, Barry I, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hingorani, Aroon D, Hokanson, John E, Ikram, M Arfan, Išgum, Ivana, Jacobs, David R, Kähönen, Mika, Lange, Leslie A, Lehtimäki, Terho, Pasterkamp, Gerard, Raitakari, Olli T, Schmidt, Helena, Slagboom, P Eline, Uitterlinden, André G, Vernooij, Meike W, Bis, Joshua C, Franceschini, Nora, Psaty, Bruce M, Post, Wendy S, Rotter, Jerome I, Björkegren, Johan LM, O’Donnell, Christopher J, Bielak, Lawrence F, Peyser, Patricia A, Malhotra, Rajeev, van der Laan, Sander W, and Miller, Clint L

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Human Genome, Cardiovascular, Prevention, Heart Disease, Atherosclerosis, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Humans, Black People, Coronary Artery Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Risk Factors, European People, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Agricultural biotechnology, Bioinformatics and computational biology
Abstract

Coronary artery calcification (CAC), a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis, predicts future symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). Identifying genetic risk factors for CAC may point to new therapeutic avenues for prevention. Currently, there are only four known risk loci for CAC identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the general population. Here we conducted the largest multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis of CAC to date, which comprised 26,909 individuals of European ancestry and 8,867 individuals of African ancestry. We identified 11 independent risk loci, of which eight were new for CAC and five had not been reported for CAD. These new CAC loci are related to bone mineralization, phosphate catabolism and hormone metabolic pathways. Several new loci harbor candidate causal genes supported by multiple lines of functional evidence and are regulators of smooth muscle cell-mediated calcification ex vivo and in vitro. Together, these findings help refine the genetic architecture of CAC and extend our understanding of the biological and potential druggable pathways underlying CAC.

Published
2023

2. Pharmacogenomics in kidney transplant recipients and potential for integration into practice.

Author

Nguyen, Tam, Pearson, Rachael, Mohamed, Moataz, Schladt, David, Berglund, Danielle, Rivers, Zachary, Skaar, Debra, Wu, Baolin, Guan, Weihua, van Setten, Jessica, Keating, Brendan, Dorr, Casey, Remmel, Rory, Matas, Arthur, Mannon, Roslyn, Israni, Ajay, Oetting, William, and Jacobson, Pamala

Subjects
clinical pharmacy, kidney transplantation, pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, Adult, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Kidney Transplantation, Male, Middle Aged, Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacogenomic Variants, Phenotype, Prospective Studies
Abstract

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Pharmacogenomic biomarkers are now used in many clinical care settings and represent one of the successes of precision medicine. Genetic variants are associated with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes leading to medication adverse effects and changes in clinical response. Actionable pharmacogenomic variants are common in transplant recipients and have implications for medications used in transplant, but yet are not broadly incorporated into practice. METHODS: From the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium and Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group guidelines, and PharmGKB databases, 12 pharmacogenomic genes with 30 variants were selected and used to create diplotypes and actionable pharmacogenomic phenotypes. A total of 853 kidney allograft recipients who had genomic information available from a genome-wide association study were included. RESULTS: Each recipient had at least one actionable pharmacogenomic diplotype/phenotype, whereas the majority (58%) had three or four actionable diplotypes/phenotypes and 17.4% had five or more among the 12 genes. The participants carried actionable diplotypes/phenotypes for multiple medications, including tacrolimus, azathioprine, clopidogrel, warfarin, simvastatin, voriconazole, antidepressants and proton-pump inhibitors. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: Pharmacogenomic variants are common in transplant recipients, and transplant recipients receive medications that have actionable variants. CLINICAL TRIAL: Genomics of Transplantation, clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01714440).

Published
2020

3. Genetic Determinants of Electrocardiographic P-Wave Duration and Relation to Atrial Fibrillation

Author

Weng, Lu-Chen, Hall, Amelia Weber, Choi, Seung Hoan, Jurgens, Sean J, Haessler, Jeffrey, Bihlmeyer, Nathan A, Grarup, Niels, Lin, Honghuang, Teumer, Alexander, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Yao, Jie, Guo, Xiuqing, Brody, Jennifer A, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Schramm, Katharina, Verweij, Niek, van den Berg, Marten E, van Setten, Jessica, Isaacs, Aaron, Ramírez, Julia, Warren, Helen R, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Kors, Jan A, de Boer, Rudolf A, van der Meer, Peter, Sinner, Moritz F, Waldenberger, Melanie, Psaty, Bruce M, Taylor, Kent D, Völker, Uwe, Kanters, Jørgen K, Li, Man, Alonso, Alvaro, Perez, Marco V, Vaartjes, Ilonca, Bots, Michiel L, Huang, Paul L, Heckbert, Susan R, Lin, Henry J, Kornej, Jelena, Munroe, Patricia B, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Stricker, Bruno H, van der Harst, Pim, Kääb, Stefan, Peters, Annette, Sotoodehnia, Nona, Rotter, Jerome I, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O, Dörr, Marcus, Felix, Stephan B, Linneberg, Allan, Hansen, Torben, Arking, Dan E, Kooperberg, Charles, Benjamin, Emelia J, Lunetta, Kathryn L, Ellinor, Patrick T, and Lubitz, Steven A

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Research, Genetics, Heart Disease, Cardiovascular, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Atrial Fibrillation, Cardiac Myosins, Connectin, Electrocardiography, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Homeodomain Proteins, Humans, Myosin Heavy Chains, NAV1.8 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel, Quantitative Trait Loci, Transcription Factors, atrial fibrillation, electrophysiology, exome, genetic, genome-wide association studies, population, Medical Biotechnology, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Abstract

BackgroundThe P-wave duration (PWD) is an electrocardiographic measurement that represents cardiac conduction in the atria. Shortened or prolonged PWD is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). We used exome-chip data to examine the associations between common and rare variants with PWD.MethodsFifteen studies comprising 64 440 individuals (56 943 European, 5681 African, 1186 Hispanic, 630 Asian) and ≈230 000 variants were used to examine associations with maximum PWD across the 12-lead ECG. Meta-analyses summarized association results for common variants; gene-based burden and sequence kernel association tests examined low-frequency variant-PWD associations. Additionally, we examined the associations between PWD loci and AF using previous AF genome-wide association studies.ResultsWe identified 21 common and low-frequency genetic loci (14 novel) associated with maximum PWD, including several AF loci (TTN, CAND2, SCN10A, PITX2, CAV1, SYNPO2L, SOX5, TBX5, MYH6, RPL3L). The top variants at known sarcomere genes (TTN, MYH6) were associated with longer PWD and increased AF risk. However, top variants at other loci (eg, PITX2 and SCN10A) were associated with longer PWD but lower AF risk.ConclusionsOur results highlight multiple novel genetic loci associated with PWD, and underscore the shared mechanisms of atrial conduction and AF. Prolonged PWD may be an endophenotype for several different genetic mechanisms of AF.

Published
2020

4. Genome-wide association and Mendelian randomisation analysis provide insights into the pathogenesis of heart failure.

Author

Shah, Sonia, Henry, Albert, Roselli, Carolina, Lin, Honghuang, Sveinbjörnsson, Garðar, Fatemifar, Ghazaleh, Hedman, Åsa K, Wilk, Jemma B, Morley, Michael P, Chaffin, Mark D, Helgadottir, Anna, Verweij, Niek, Dehghan, Abbas, Almgren, Peter, Andersson, Charlotte, Aragam, Krishna G, Ärnlöv, Johan, Backman, Joshua D, Biggs, Mary L, Bloom, Heather L, Brandimarto, Jeffrey, Brown, Michael R, Buckbinder, Leonard, Carey, David J, Chasman, Daniel I, Chen, Xing, Chen, Xu, Chung, Jonathan, Chutkow, William, Cook, James P, Delgado, Graciela E, Denaxas, Spiros, Doney, Alexander S, Dörr, Marcus, Dudley, Samuel C, Dunn, Michael E, Engström, Gunnar, Esko, Tõnu, Felix, Stephan B, Finan, Chris, Ford, Ian, Ghanbari, Mohsen, Ghasemi, Sahar, Giedraitis, Vilmantas, Giulianini, Franco, Gottdiener, John S, Gross, Stefan, Guðbjartsson, Daníel F, Gutmann, Rebecca, Haggerty, Christopher M, van der Harst, Pim, Hyde, Craig L, Ingelsson, Erik, Jukema, J Wouter, Kavousi, Maryam, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kleber, Marcus E, Køber, Lars, Koekemoer, Andrea, Langenberg, Claudia, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia M, London, Barry, Lotta, Luca A, Lovering, Ruth C, Luan, Jian'an, Magnusson, Patrik, Mahajan, Anubha, Margulies, Kenneth B, März, Winfried, Melander, Olle, Mordi, Ify R, Morgan, Thomas, Morris, Andrew D, Morris, Andrew P, Morrison, Alanna C, Nagle, Michael W, Nelson, Christopher P, Niessner, Alexander, Niiranen, Teemu, O'Donoghue, Michelle L, Owens, Anjali T, Palmer, Colin NA, Parry, Helen M, Perola, Markus, Portilla-Fernandez, Eliana, Psaty, Bruce M, Regeneron Genetics Center, Rice, Kenneth M, Ridker, Paul M, Romaine, Simon PR, Rotter, Jerome I, Salo, Perttu, Salomaa, Veikko, van Setten, Jessica, Shalaby, Alaa A, Smelser, Diane T, Smith, Nicholas L, Stender, Steen, and Stott, David J

Subjects
Regeneron Genetics Center, Humans, Atrial Fibrillation, Cardiomyopathies, Microfilament Proteins, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Carrier Proteins, Muscle Proteins, Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies, Ventricular Function, Left, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins, Coronary Artery Disease, Heart Failure, Genome-Wide Association Study, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Ventricular Function, Left
Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A small proportion of HF cases are attributable to monogenic cardiomyopathies and existing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded only limited insights, leaving the observed heritability of HF largely unexplained. We report results from a GWAS meta-analysis of HF comprising 47,309 cases and 930,014 controls. Twelve independent variants at 11 genomic loci are associated with HF, all of which demonstrate one or more associations with coronary artery disease (CAD), atrial fibrillation, or reduced left ventricular function, suggesting shared genetic aetiology. Functional analysis of non-CAD-associated loci implicate genes involved in cardiac development (MYOZ1, SYNPO2L), protein homoeostasis (BAG3), and cellular senescence (CDKN1A). Mendelian randomisation analysis supports causal roles for several HF risk factors, and demonstrates CAD-independent effects for atrial fibrillation, body mass index, and hypertension. These findings extend our knowledge of the pathways underlying HF and may inform new therapeutic strategies.

Published
2020

5. Tacrolimus troughs and genetic determinants of metabolism in kidney transplant recipients: A comparison of four ancestry groups.

Author

Mohamed, Moataz, Schladt, David, Guan, Weihua, Wu, Baolin, van Setten, Jessica, Keating, Brendan, Iklé, David, Remmel, Rory, Dorr, Casey, Mannon, Roslyn, Matas, Arthur, Israni, Ajay, Oetting, William, and Jacobson, Pamala

Subjects
clinical research/practice, genetics, immunosuppressant - calcineurin inhibitor: tacrolimus, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, pharmacology, translational research/science, Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A, Ethnicity, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gene Frequency, Genotype, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Kidney Transplantation, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Tacrolimus
Abstract

Tacrolimus trough and dose requirements vary dramatically between individuals of European and African American ancestry. These differences are less well described in other populations. We conducted an observational, prospective, multicenter study from which 2595 kidney transplant recipients of European, African, Native American, and Asian ancestry were studied for tacrolimus trough, doses, and genetic determinants of metabolism. We studied the well-known variants and conducted a CYP3A4/5 gene-wide analysis to identify new variants. Daily doses, and dose-normalized troughs were significantly different between the four groups (P

Published
2019

6. Allele-specific NKX2-5 binding underlies multiple genetic associations with human electrocardiographic traits

Author

Benaglio, Paola, D’Antonio-Chronowska, Agnieszka, Ma, Wubin, Yang, Feng, Young Greenwald, William W, Donovan, Margaret KR, DeBoever, Christopher, Li, He, Drees, Frauke, Singhal, Sanghamitra, Matsui, Hiroko, van Setten, Jessica, Sotoodehnia, Nona, Gaulton, Kyle J, Smith, Erin N, D’Antonio, Matteo, Rosenfeld, Michael G, and Frazer, Kelly A

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Heart Disease, Human Genome, Cardiovascular, Stem Cell Research, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alleles, Atrial Fibrillation, Child, Electrocardiography, Epigenomics, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome, Human, Genome-Wide Association Study, Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5, Humans, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Male, Middle Aged, Myocytes, Cardiac, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Protein Binding, Quantitative Trait Loci, Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional, Transcriptome, Young Adult, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Agricultural biotechnology, Bioinformatics and computational biology
Abstract

The cardiac transcription factor (TF) gene NKX2-5 has been associated with electrocardiographic (EKG) traits through genome-wide association studies (GWASs), but the extent to which differential binding of NKX2-5 at common regulatory variants contributes to these traits has not yet been studied. We analyzed transcriptomic and epigenomic data from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes from seven related individuals, and identified ~2,000 single-nucleotide variants associated with allele-specific effects (ASE-SNVs) on NKX2-5 binding. NKX2-5 ASE-SNVs were enriched for altered TF motifs, for heart-specific expression quantitative trait loci and for EKG GWAS signals. Using fine-mapping combined with epigenomic data from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, we prioritized candidate causal variants for EKG traits, many of which were NKX2-5 ASE-SNVs. Experimentally characterizing two NKX2-5 ASE-SNVs (rs3807989 and rs590041) showed that they modulate the expression of target genes via differential protein binding in cardiac cells, indicating that they are functional variants underlying EKG GWAS signals. Our results show that differential NKX2-5 binding at numerous regulatory variants across the genome contributes to EKG phenotypes.

Published
2019

7. Genetic Variants Associated With Immunosuppressant Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Effects in the DeKAF Genomics Genome-wide Association Studies.

Author

Oetting, William, Wu, Baolin, Schladt, David, Guan, Weihua, van Setten, Jessica, Keating, Brendan, Iklé, David, Remmel, Rory, Dorr, Casey, Mannon, Roslyn, Matas, Arthur, Israni, Ajay, and Jacobson, Pamala

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Anemia, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Graft Rejection, Graft Survival, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Kidney Diseases, Kidney Transplantation, Leukopenia, Male, Middle Aged, Mycophenolic Acid, Pharmacogenomic Variants, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Tacrolimus, United States, Young Adult
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The immunosuppressants tacrolimus and mycophenolate are important components to the success of organ transplantation, but are also associated with adverse effects, such as nephrotoxicity, anemia, leukopenia, and new-onset diabetes after transplantation. In this report, we attempted to identify genetic variants which are associated with these adverse outcomes. METHODS: We performed a genome-wide association study, using a genotyping array tailored specifically for transplantation outcomes containing 722 147 single nucleotide polymorphisms, and 2 cohorts of kidney allograft recipients-a discovery cohort and a confirmation cohort-to identify and then confirm genetic variants associated with immunosuppressant pharmacokinetics and adverse outcomes. RESULTS: Several genetic variants were found to be associated with tacrolimus trough concentrations. We did not confirm variants associated with the other phenotypes tested although several suggestive variants were identified. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that adverse effects associated with tacrolimus and mycophenolate are complex, and recipient risk is not determined by a few genetic variants with large effects with but most likely are due to many variants, each with small effect sizes, and clinical factors.

Published
2019

8. Functionally distinct ERAP1 and ERAP2 are a hallmark of HLA-A29-(Birdshot) Uveitis

Author

Kuiper, Jonas JW, van Setten, Jessica, Devall, Matthew, Cretu-Stancu, Mircea, Hiddingh, Sanne, Ophoff, Roel A, Missotten, Tom OAR, van Velthoven, Mirjam, Hollander, Anneke I Den, Hoyng, Carel B, James, Edward, Reeves, Emma, Cordero-Coma, Miguel, Fonollosa, Alejandro, Adán, Alfredo, Martín, Javier, Koeleman, Bobby PC, de Boer, Joke H, Pulit, Sara L, Márquez, Ana, and Radstake, Timothy RDJ

Subjects
Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Aminopeptidases, Female, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genotype, HLA-A Antigens, Haplotypes, Humans, Male, Minor Histocompatibility Antigens, Minor Histocompatibility Loci, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Uveitis, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

Birdshot Uveitis (Birdshot) is a rare eye condition that affects HLA-A29-positive individuals and could be considered a prototypic member of the recently proposed 'MHC-I (major histocompatibility complex class I)-opathy' family. Genetic studies have pinpointed the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP1) and (ERAP2) genes as shared associations across MHC-I-opathies, which suggests ERAP dysfunction may be a root cause for MHC-I-opathies. We mapped the ERAP1 and ERAP2 haplotypes in 84 Dutch cases and 890 controls. We identified association at variant rs10044354, which mediated a marked increase in ERAP2 expression. We also identified and cloned an independently associated ERAP1 haplotype (tagged by rs2287987) present in more than half of the cases; this ERAP1 haplotype is also the primary risk and protective haplotype for other MHC-I-opathies. We show that the risk ERAP1 haplotype conferred significantly altered expression of ERAP1 isoforms in transcriptomic data (n = 360), resulting in lowered protein expression and distinct enzymatic activity. Both the association for rs10044354 (meta-analysis: odds ratio (OR) [95% CI]=2.07[1.58-2.71], P = 1.24 × 10(-7)) and rs2287987 (OR[95% CI]: =2.01[1.51-2.67], P = 1.41 × 10(-6)) replicated and showed consistent direction of effect in an independent Spanish cohort of 46 cases and 2103 controls. In both cohorts, the combined rs2287987-rs10044354 haplotype associated with Birdshot more strongly than either variant alone [meta-analysis: P=3.9 × 10(-9)]. Finally, we observed that ERAP2 protein expression is dependent on the ERAP1 background across three European populations (n = 3353). In conclusion, a functionally distinct combination of ERAP1 and ERAP2 are a hallmark of Birdshot and provide rationale for strategies designed to correct ERAP function for treatment of Birdshot and MHC-I-opathies more broadly.

Published
2018

9. Exome-chip meta-analysis identifies novel loci associated with cardiac conduction, including ADAMTS6

Author

Prins, Bram P, Mead, Timothy J, Brody, Jennifer A, Sveinbjornsson, Gardar, Ntalla, Ioanna, Bihlmeyer, Nathan A, van den Berg, Marten, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Cappellani, Stefania, Van Duijvenboden, Stefan, Klena, Nikolai T, Gabriel, George C, Liu, Xiaoqin, Gulec, Cagri, Grarup, Niels, Haessler, Jeffrey, Hall, Leanne M, Iorio, Annamaria, Isaacs, Aaron, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lin, Honghuang, Liu, Ching-Ti, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Marten, Jonathan, Mei, Hao, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Orini, Michele, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Radmanesh, Farid, Ramirez, Julia, Robino, Antonietta, Schwartz, Molly, van Setten, Jessica, Smith, Albert V, Verweij, Niek, Warren, Helen R, Weiss, Stefan, Alonso, Alvaro, Arnar, David O, Bots, Michiel L, de Boer, Rudolf A, Dominiczak, Anna F, Eijgelsheim, Mark, Ellinor, Patrick T, Guo, Xiuqing, Felix, Stephan B, Harris, Tamara B, Hayward, Caroline, Heckbert, Susan R, Huang, Paul L, Jukema, JW, Kähönen, Mika, Kors, Jan A, Lambiase, Pier D, Launer, Lenore J, Li, Man, Linneberg, Allan, Nelson, Christopher P, Pedersen, Oluf, Perez, Marco, Peters, Annette, Polasek, Ozren, Psaty, Bruce M, Raitakari, Olli T, Rice, Kenneth M, Rotter, Jerome I, Sinner, Moritz F, Soliman, Elsayed Z, Spector, Tim D, Strauch, Konstantin, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Tinker, Andrew, Trompet, Stella, Uitterlinden, André, Vaartjes, Ilonca, van der Meer, Peter, Völker, Uwe, Völzke, Henry, Waldenberger, Melanie, Wilson, James G, Xie, Zhijun, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Dörr, Marcus, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Gasparini, Paolo, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hansen, Torben, Kääb, Stefan, Kanters, Jørgen K, Kooperberg, Charles, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lin, Henry J, Lubitz, Steven A, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O, Conti, Francesco J, Newton-Cheh, Christopher H, Rosand, Jonathan, Rudan, Igor, and Samani, Nilesh J

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Human Genome, Heart Disease, Cardiovascular, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, ADAMTS Proteins, Animals, Black People, Connexin 43, Electrocardiography, Exome, Female, Gene Expression, Gene Expression Profiling, Genetic Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Heart Conduction System, Humans, Male, Mice, Middle Aged, Myocardium, Open Reading Frames, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, Exome Sequencing, Exome chip, Conduction, ADAMTS6, Meta-analysis, Environmental Sciences, Information and Computing Sciences, Bioinformatics
Abstract

BackgroundGenome-wide association studies conducted on QRS duration, an electrocardiographic measurement associated with heart failure and sudden cardiac death, have led to novel biological insights into cardiac function. However, the variants identified fall predominantly in non-coding regions and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear.ResultsHere, we identify putative functional coding variation associated with changes in the QRS interval duration by combining Illumina HumanExome BeadChip genotype data from 77,898 participants of European ancestry and 7695 of African descent in our discovery cohort, followed by replication in 111,874 individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank and deCODE cohorts. We identify ten novel loci, seven within coding regions, including ADAMTS6, significantly associated with QRS duration in gene-based analyses. ADAMTS6 encodes a secreted metalloprotease of currently unknown function. In vitro validation analysis shows that the QRS-associated variants lead to impaired ADAMTS6 secretion and loss-of function analysis in mice demonstrates a previously unappreciated role for ADAMTS6 in connexin 43 gap junction expression, which is essential for myocardial conduction.ConclusionsOur approach identifies novel coding and non-coding variants underlying ventricular depolarization and provides a possible mechanism for the ADAMTS6-associated conduction changes.

Published
2018

10. ExomeChip-Wide Analysis of 95 626 Individuals Identifies 10 Novel Loci Associated With QT and JT Intervals

Author

Bihlmeyer, Nathan A, Brody, Jennifer A, Smith, Albert Vernon, Warren, Helen R, Lin, Honghuang, Isaacs, Aaron, Liu, Ching-Ti, Marten, Jonathan, Radmanesh, Farid, Hall, Leanne M, Grarup, Niels, Mei, Hao, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Huffman, Jennifer E, Verweij, Niek, Guo, Xiuqing, Yao, Jie, Li-Gao, Ruifang, van den Berg, Marten, Weiss, Stefan, Prins, Bram P, van Setten, Jessica, Haessler, Jeffrey, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Li, Man, Alonso, Alvaro, Soliman, Elsayed Z, Bis, Joshua C, Austin, Tom, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Psaty, Bruce M, Harrris, Tamara B, Launer, Lenore J, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Dominiczak, Anna, Huang, Paul L, Xie, Zhijun, Ellinor, Patrick T, Kors, Jan A, Campbell, Archie, Murray, Alison D, Nelson, Christopher P, Tobin, Martin D, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Hansen, Torben, Pedersen, Oluf, Linneberg, Allan, Sinner, Moritz F, Peters, Annette, Waldenberger, Melanie, Meitinger, Thomas, Perz, Siegfried, Kolcic, Ivana, Rudan, Igor, de Boer, Rudolf A, van der Meer, Peter, Lin, Henry J, Taylor, Kent D, de Mutsert, Renée, Trompet, Stella, Jukema, J Wouter, Maan, Arie C, Stricker, Bruno HC, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Uitterlinden, André, Völker, Uwe, Homuth, Georg, Völzke, Henry, Felix, Stephan B, Mangino, Massimo, Spector, Timothy D, Bots, Michiel L, Perez, Marco, Raitakari, Olli T, Kähönen, Mika, Mononen, Nina, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Munroe, Patricia B, Lubitz, Steven A, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Newton-Cheh, Christopher H, Hayward, Caroline, Rosand, Jonathan, Samani, Nilesh J, Kanters, Jørgen K, Wilson, James G, Kääb, Stefan, Polasek, Ozren, van der Harst, Pim, Heckbert, Susan R, Rotter, Jerome I, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O, Eijgelsheim, Mark, Dörr, Marcus, Jamshidi, Yalda, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Kooperberg, Charles, Lehtimäki, Terho, Arking, Dan E, and Sotoodehnia, Nona

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Heart Disease, Prevention, Genetics, Cardiovascular, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Antiporters, DNA-Binding Proteins, Electrocardiography, Exome, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Long QT Syndrome, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Receptors, Calcium-Sensing, Transcription Factors, arrhythmias, cardiac, death, sudden, cardiac, genetics, genome, humans, Medical Biotechnology, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Abstract

BackgroundQT interval, measured through a standard ECG, captures the time it takes for the cardiac ventricles to depolarize and repolarize. JT interval is the component of the QT interval that reflects ventricular repolarization alone. Prolonged QT interval has been linked to higher risk of sudden cardiac arrest.Methods and resultsWe performed an ExomeChip-wide analysis for both QT and JT intervals, including 209 449 variants, both common and rare, in 17 341 genes from the Illumina Infinium HumanExome BeadChip. We identified 10 loci that modulate QT and JT interval duration that have not been previously reported in the literature using single-variant statistical models in a meta-analysis of 95 626 individuals from 23 cohorts (comprised 83 884 European ancestry individuals, 9610 blacks, 1382 Hispanics, and 750 Asians). This brings the total number of ventricular repolarization associated loci to 45. In addition, our approach of using coding variants has highlighted the role of 17 specific genes for involvement in ventricular repolarization, 7 of which are in novel loci.ConclusionsOur analyses show a role for myocyte internal structure and interconnections in modulating QT interval duration, adding to previous known roles of potassium, sodium, and calcium ion regulation, as well as autonomic control. We anticipate that these discoveries will open new paths to the goal of making novel remedies for the prevention of lethal ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac arrest.

Published
2018

11. PR interval genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 50 loci associated with atrial and atrioventricular electrical activity

Author

van Setten, Jessica, Brody, Jennifer A, Jamshidi, Yalda, Swenson, Brenton R, Butler, Anne M, Campbell, Harry, Del Greco, Fabiola M, Evans, Daniel S, Gibson, Quince, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, Kerr, Kathleen F, Krijthe, Bouwe P, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Müller, Christian, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Nolte, Ilja M, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Ritchie, Marylyn D, Robino, Antonietta, Smith, Albert V, Steri, Maristella, Tanaka, Toshiko, Teumer, Alexander, Trompet, Stella, Ulivi, Sheila, Verweij, Niek, Yin, Xiaoyan, Arnar, David O, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Bader, Joel S, Barnard, John, Bis, Josh, Blankenberg, Stefan, Boerwinkle, Eric, Bradford, Yuki, Buckley, Brendan M, Chung, Mina K, Crawford, Dana, den Hoed, Marcel, Denny, Josh C, Dominiczak, Anna F, Ehret, Georg B, Eijgelsheim, Mark, Ellinor, Patrick T, Felix, Stephan B, Franco, Oscar H, Franke, Lude, Harris, Tamara B, Holm, Hilma, Ilaria, Gandin, Iorio, Annamaria, Kähönen, Mika, Kolcic, Ivana, Kors, Jan A, Lakatta, Edward G, Launer, Lenore J, Lin, Honghuang, Lin, Henry J, Loos, Ruth JF, Lubitz, Steven A, Macfarlane, Peter W, Magnani, Jared W, Leach, Irene Mateo, Meitinger, Thomas, Mitchell, Braxton D, Munzel, Thomas, Papanicolaou, George J, Peters, Annette, Pfeufer, Arne, Pramstaller, Peter P, Raitakari, Olli T, Rotter, Jerome I, Rudan, Igor, Samani, Nilesh J, Schlessinger, David, Silva Aldana, Claudia T, Sinner, Moritz F, Smith, Jonathan D, Snieder, Harold, Soliman, Elsayed Z, Spector, Timothy D, Stott, David J, Strauch, Konstantin, Tarasov, Kirill V, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Van Wagoner, David R, Völker, Uwe, Völzke, Henry, Waldenberger, Melanie, Jan Westra, Harm, Wild, Philipp S, Zeller, Tanja, Alonso, Alvaro, Avery, Christy L, Bandinelli, Stefania, Benjamin, Emelia J, Cucca, Francesco, Dörr, Marcus, and Ferrucci, Luigi

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Human Genome, Heart Disease, Biotechnology, Cardiovascular, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Atrial Function, Atrioventricular Node, Electrocardiography, Electrophysiological Phenomena, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Linkage Disequilibrium, Male, Mutation, Missense, Risk Factors
Abstract

Electrocardiographic PR interval measures atrio-ventricular depolarization and conduction, and abnormal PR interval is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation and heart block. Our genome-wide association study of over 92,000 European-descent individuals identifies 44 PR interval loci (34 novel). Examination of these loci reveals known and previously not-yet-reported biological processes involved in cardiac atrial electrical activity. Genes in these loci are over-represented in cardiac disease processes including heart block and atrial fibrillation. Variants in over half of the 44 loci were associated with atrial or blood transcript expression levels, or were in high linkage disequilibrium with missense variants. Six additional loci were identified either by meta-analysis of ~105,000 African and European-descent individuals and/or by pleiotropic analyses combining PR interval with heart rate, QRS interval, and atrial fibrillation. These findings implicate developmental pathways, and identify transcription factors, ion-channel genes, and cell-junction/cell-signaling proteins in atrio-ventricular conduction, identifying potential targets for drug development.

Published
2018

12. Discovery of novel heart rate-associated loci using the Exome Chip

Author

van den Berg, Marten E, Warren, Helen R, Cabrera, Claudia P, Verweij, Niek, Mifsud, Borbala, Haessler, Jeffrey, Bihlmeyer, Nathan A, Fu, Yi-Ping, Weiss, Stefan, Lin, Henry J, Grarup, Niels, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Pistis, Giorgio, Shah, Nabi, Brody, Jennifer A, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Lin, Honghuang, Mei, Hao, Smith, Albert V, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Hall, Leanne M, van Setten, Jessica, Trompet, Stella, Prins, Bram P, Isaacs, Aaron, Radmanesh, Farid, Marten, Jonathan, Entwistle, Aiman, Kors, Jan A, Silva, Claudia T, Alonso, Alvaro, Bis, Joshua C, de Boer, Rudolf, de Haan, Hugoline G, de Mutsert, Renée, Dedoussis, George, Dominiczak, Anna F, Doney, Alex SF, Ellinor, Patrick T, Eppinga, Ruben N, Felix, Stephan B, Guo, Xiuqing, Hagemeijer, Yanick, Hansen, Torben, Harris, Tamara B, Heckbert, Susan R, Huang, Paul L, Hwang, Shih-Jen, Kähönen, Mika, Kanters, Jørgen K, Kolcic, Ivana, Launer, Lenore J, Li, Man, Yao, Jie, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Simin, Macfarlane, Peter W, Mangino, Massimo, Morris, Andrew D, Mulas, Antonella, Murray, Alison D, Nelson, Christopher P, Orrú, Marco, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Peters, Annette, Porteous, David J, Poulter, Neil, Psaty, Bruce M, Qi, Lihong, Raitakari, Olli T, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Roselli, Carolina, Rudan, Igor, Sattar, Naveed, Sever, Peter, Sinner, Moritz F, Soliman, Elsayed Z, Spector, Timothy D, Stanton, Alice V, Stirrups, Kathleen E, Taylor, Kent D, Tobin, Martin D, Uitterlinden, André, Vaartjes, Ilonca, Hoes, Arno W, van der Meer, Peter, Völker, Uwe, Waldenberger, Melanie, Xie, Zhijun, Zoledziewska, Magdalena, Tinker, Andrew, Polasek, Ozren, Rosand, Jonathan, Jamshidi, Yalda, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Jukema, J Wouter, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Samani, Nilesh J, and Lehtimäki, Terho

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Human Genome, Biotechnology, Heart Disease, Prevention, Cardiovascular, Stem Cell Research, Clinical Research, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adult, Alleles, Exome, Female, Gene Frequency, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, White People, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

Resting heart rate is a heritable trait, and an increase in heart rate is associated with increased mortality risk. Genome-wide association study analyses have found loci associated with resting heart rate, at the time of our study these loci explained 0.9% of the variation. This study aims to discover new genetic loci associated with heart rate from Exome Chip meta-analyses.Heart rate was measured from either elecrtrocardiograms or pulse recordings. We meta-analysed heart rate association results from 104 452 European-ancestry individuals from 30 cohorts, genotyped using the Exome Chip. Twenty-four variants were selected for follow-up in an independent dataset (UK Biobank, N = 134 251). Conditional and gene-based testing was undertaken, and variants were investigated with bioinformatics methods.We discovered five novel heart rate loci, and one new independent low-frequency non-synonymous variant in an established heart rate locus (KIAA1755). Lead variants in four of the novel loci are non-synonymous variants in the genes C10orf71, DALDR3, TESK2 and SEC31B. The variant at SEC31B is significantly associated with SEC31B expression in heart and tibial nerve tissue. Further candidate genes were detected from long-range regulatory chromatin interactions in heart tissue (SCD, SLF2 and MAPK8). We observed significant enrichment in DNase I hypersensitive sites in fetal heart and lung. Moreover, enrichment was seen for the first time in human neuronal progenitor cells (derived from embryonic stem cells) and fetal muscle samples by including our novel variants.Our findings advance the knowledge of the genetic architecture of heart rate, and indicate new candidate genes for follow-up functional studies.

Published
2017

13. Multiethnic Exome-Wide Association Study of Subclinical Atherosclerosis

Author

Natarajan, Pradeep, Bis, Joshua C, Bielak, Lawrence F, Cox, Amanda J, Dörr, Marcus, Feitosa, Mary F, Franceschini, Nora, Guo, Xiuqing, Hwang, Shih-Jen, Isaacs, Aaron, Jhun, Min A, Kavousi, Maryam, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Marioni, Riccardo E, Schminke, Ulf, Stitziel, Nathan O, Tada, Hayato, van Setten, Jessica, Smith, Albert V, Vojinovic, Dina, Yanek, Lisa R, Yao, Jie, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M, Amin, Najaf, Baber, Usman, Borecki, Ingrid B, Carr, J Jeffrey, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Cupples, L Adrienne, de Jong, Pim A, de Koning, Harry, de Vos, Bob D, Demirkan, Ayse, Fuster, Valentin, Franco, Oscar H, Goodarzi, Mark O, Harris, Tamara B, Heckbert, Susan R, Heiss, Gerardo, Hoffmann, Udo, Hofman, Albert, Išgum, Ivana, Jukema, J Wouter, Kähönen, Mika, Kardia, Sharon LR, Kral, Brian G, Launer, Lenore J, Massaro, Joe, Mehran, Roxana, Mitchell, Braxton D, Mosley, Thomas H, de Mutsert, Renée, Newman, Anne B, Nguyen, Khanh-Dung, North, Kari E, O'Connell, Jeffrey R, Oudkerk, Matthijs, Pankow, James S, Peloso, Gina M, Post, Wendy, Province, Michael A, Raffield, Laura M, Raitakari, Olli T, Reilly, Dermot F, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Rosendaal, Frits, Sartori, Samantha, Taylor, Kent D, Teumer, Alexander, Trompet, Stella, Turner, Stephen T, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Vaidya, Dhananjay, van der Lugt, Aad, Völker, Uwe, Wardlaw, Joanna M, Wassel, Christina L, Weiss, Stefan, Wojczynski, Mary K, Becker, Diane M, Becker, Lewis C, Boerwinkle, Eric, Bowden, Donald W, Deary, Ian J, Dehghan, Abbas, Felix, Stephan B, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Lehtimäki, Terho, Mathias, Rasika, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O, Psaty, Bruce M, Rader, Daniel J, Rotter, Jerome I, Wilson, James G, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Völzke, Henry, Kathiresan, Sekar, Peyser, Patricia A, and O'Donnell, Christopher J

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Aging, Human Genome, Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular, Heart Disease, Clinical Research, Genetics, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Good Health and Well Being, Apolipoprotein B-100, Apolipoprotein E2, Asymptomatic Diseases, Black People, Carotid Artery Diseases, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Cholesterol, LDL, Computed Tomography Angiography, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Artery Disease, Exome, Gene Frequency, Genetic Markers, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Odds Ratio, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Phenotype, Prognosis, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Vascular Calcification, White People, carotid intima-media thickness, coronary artery calcification, exome, genome-wide association study, genomics, CHARGE Consortium, carotid intima–media thickness, Medical Biotechnology, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Abstract

BackgroundThe burden of subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic individuals is heritable and associated with elevated risk of developing clinical coronary heart disease. We sought to identify genetic variants in protein-coding regions associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and the risk of subsequent coronary heart disease.Methods and resultsWe studied a total of 25 109 European ancestry and African ancestry participants with coronary artery calcification (CAC) measured by cardiac computed tomography and 52 869 participants with common carotid intima-media thickness measured by ultrasonography within the CHARGE Consortium (Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology). Participants were genotyped for 247 870 DNA sequence variants (231 539 in exons) across the genome. A meta-analysis of exome-wide association studies was performed across cohorts for CAC and carotid intima-media thickness. APOB p.Arg3527Gln was associated with 4-fold excess CAC (P=3×10-10). The APOE ε2 allele (p.Arg176Cys) was associated with both 22.3% reduced CAC (P=1×10-12) and 1.4% reduced carotid intima-media thickness (P=4×10-14) in carriers compared with noncarriers. In secondary analyses conditioning on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, the ε2 protective association with CAC, although attenuated, remained strongly significant. Additionally, the presence of ε2 was associated with reduced risk for coronary heart disease (odds ratio 0.77; P=1×10-11).ConclusionsExome-wide association meta-analysis demonstrates that protein-coding variants in APOB and APOE associate with subclinical atherosclerosis. APOE ε2 represents the first significant association for multiple subclinical atherosclerosis traits across multiple ethnicities, as well as clinical coronary heart disease.

Published
2016

14. 52 Genetic Loci Influencing Myocardial Mass

Author

van der Harst, Pim, van Setten, Jessica, Verweij, Niek, Vogler, Georg, Franke, Lude, Maurano, Matthew T, Wang, Xinchen, Leach, Irene Mateo, Eijgelsheim, Mark, Sotoodehnia, Nona, Hayward, Caroline, Sorice, Rossella, Meirelles, Osorio, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Polašek, Ozren, Tanaka, Toshiko, Arking, Dan E, Ulivi, Sheila, Trompet, Stella, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Smith, Albert V, Dörr, Marcus, Kerr, Kathleen F, Magnani, Jared W, Del Greco M., Fabiola, Zhang, Weihua, Nolte, Ilja M, Silva, Claudia T, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Tragante, Vinicius, Esko, Tõnu, Abecasis, Gonçalo R, Adriaens, Michiel E, Andersen, Karl, Barnett, Phil, Bis, Joshua C, Bodmer, Rolf, Buckley, Brendan M, Campbell, Harry, Cannon, Megan V, Chakravarti, Aravinda, Chen, Lin Y, Delitala, Alessandro, Devereux, Richard B, Doevendans, Pieter A, Dominiczak, Anna F, Ferrucci, Luigi, Ford, Ian, Gieger, Christian, Harris, Tamara B, Haugen, Eric, Heinig, Matthias, Hernandez, Dena G, Hillege, Hans L, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Hofman, Albert, Hubner, Norbert, Hwang, Shih-Jen, Iorio, Annamaria, Kähönen, Mika, Kellis, Manolis, Kolcic, Ivana, Kooner, Ishminder K, Kooner, Jaspal S, Kors, Jan A, Lakatta, Edward G, Lage, Kasper, Launer, Lenore J, Levy, Daniel, Lundby, Alicia, Macfarlane, Peter W, May, Dalit, Meitinger, Thomas, Metspalu, Andres, Nappo, Stefania, Naitza, Silvia, Neph, Shane, Nord, Alex S, Nutile, Teresa, Okin, Peter M, Olsen, Jesper V, Oostra, Ben A, Penninger, Josef M, Pennacchio, Len A, Pers, Tune H, Perz, Siegfried, Peters, Annette, Pinto, Yigal M, Pfeufer, Arne, Pilia, Maria Grazia, Pramstaller, Peter P, Prins, Bram P, Raitakari, Olli T, Raychaudhuri, Soumya, Rice, Ken M, Rossin, Elizabeth J, Rotter, Jerome I, Schafer, Sebastian, Schlessinger, David, and Schmidt, Carsten O

Subjects
Medical Physiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Cardiovascular, Heart Disease, Biotechnology, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Animals, Cardiomegaly, Genetic Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, electrocardiogram, genetic association study, heart failure, left ventricular hypertrophy, QRS, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Abstract

BackgroundMyocardial mass is a key determinant of cardiac muscle function and hypertrophy. Myocardial depolarization leading to cardiac muscle contraction is reflected by the amplitude and duration of the QRS complex on the electrocardiogram (ECG). Abnormal QRS amplitude or duration reflect changes in myocardial mass and conduction, and are associated with increased risk of heart failure and death.ObjectivesThis meta-analysis sought to gain insights into the genetic determinants of myocardial mass.MethodsWe carried out a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 4 QRS traits in up to 73,518 individuals of European ancestry, followed by extensive biological and functional assessment.ResultsWe identified 52 genomic loci, of which 32 are novel, that are reliably associated with 1 or more QRS phenotypes at p < 1 × 10(-8). These loci are enriched in regions of open chromatin, histone modifications, and transcription factor binding, suggesting that they represent regions of the genome that are actively transcribed in the human heart. Pathway analyses provided evidence that these loci play a role in cardiac hypertrophy. We further highlighted 67 candidate genes at the identified loci that are preferentially expressed in cardiac tissue and associated with cardiac abnormalities in Drosophila melanogaster and Mus musculus. We validated the regulatory function of a novel variant in the SCN5A/SCN10A locus in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsTaken together, our findings provide new insights into genes and biological pathways controlling myocardial mass and may help identify novel therapeutic targets.

Published
2016

15. Concept and design of a genome-wide association genotyping array tailored for transplantation-specific studies.

Author

Li, Yun, van Setten, Jessica, Verma, Shefali, Lu, Yontao, Holmes, Michael, Gao, Hui, Lek, Monkol, Nair, Nikhil, Chandrupatla, Hareesh, Chang, Baoli, Karczewski, Konrad, Wong, Chanel, Mohebnasab, Maede, Mukhtar, Eyas, Phillips, Randy, Tragante, Vinicius, Hou, Cuiping, Steel, Laura, Lee, Takesha, Garifallou, James, Guettouche, Toumy, Cao, Hongzhi, Guan, Weihua, Himes, Aubree, van Houten, Jacob, Pasquier, Andrew, Yu, Reina, Carrigan, Elena, Miller, Michael, Schladt, David, Akdere, Abdullah, Gonzalez, Ana, Llyod, Kelsey, McGinn, Daniel, Gangasani, Abhinav, Michaud, Zach, Colasacco, Abigail, Snyder, James, Thomas, Kelly, Wang, Tiancheng, Wu, Baolin, Alzahrani, Alhusain, Al-Ali, Amein, Al-Muhanna, Fahad, Al-Rubaish, Abdullah, Al-Mueilo, Samir, Monos, Dimitri, Murphy, Barbara, Olthoff, Kim, Wijmenga, Cisca, Webster, Teresa, Kamoun, Malek, Balasubramanian, Suganthi, Lanktree, Matthew, Oetting, William, Garcia-Pavia, Pablo, MacArthur, Daniel, de Bakker, Paul, Hakonarson, Hakon, Birdwell, Kelly, Jacobson, Pamala, Ritchie, Marylyn, Asselbergs, Folkert, Israni, Ajay, Shaked, Abraham, and Keating, Brendan

Subjects
DNA Copy Number Variations, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, HLA Antigens, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptors, KIR
Abstract

BACKGROUND: In addition to HLA genetic incompatibility, non-HLA difference between donor and recipients of transplantation leading to allograft rejection are now becoming evident. We aimed to create a unique genome-wide platform to facilitate genomic research studies in transplant-related studies. We designed a genome-wide genotyping tool based on the most recent human genomic reference datasets, and included customization for known and potentially relevant metabolic and pharmacological loci relevant to transplantation. METHODS: We describe here the design and implementation of a customized genome-wide genotyping array, the TxArray, comprising approximately 782,000 markers with tailored content for deeper capture of variants across HLA, KIR, pharmacogenomic, and metabolic loci important in transplantation. To test concordance and genotyping quality, we genotyped 85 HapMap samples on the array, including eight trios. RESULTS: We show low Mendelian error rates and high concordance rates for HapMap samples (average parent-parent-child heritability of 0.997, and concordance of 0.996). We performed genotype imputation across autosomal regions, masking directly genotyped SNPs to assess imputation accuracy and report an accuracy of >0.962 for directly genotyped SNPs. We demonstrate much higher capture of the natural killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) region versus comparable platforms. Overall, we show that the genotyping quality and coverage of the TxArray is very high when compared to reference samples and to other genome-wide genotyping platforms. CONCLUSIONS: We have designed a comprehensive genome-wide genotyping tool which enables accurate association testing and imputation of ungenotyped SNPs, facilitating powerful and cost-effective large-scale genotyping of transplant-related studies.

Published
2015

16. Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology

Author

Locke, Adam E, Kahali, Bratati, Berndt, Sonja I, Justice, Anne E, Pers, Tune H, Day, Felix R, Powell, Corey, Vedantam, Sailaja, Buchkovich, Martin L, Yang, Jian, Croteau-Chonka, Damien C, Esko, Tonu, Fall, Tove, Ferreira, Teresa, Gustafsson, Stefan, Kutalik, Zoltán, Luan, Jian’an, Mägi, Reedik, Randall, Joshua C, Winkler, Thomas W, Wood, Andrew R, Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie, Faul, Jessica D, Smith, Jennifer A, Hua Zhao, Jing, Zhao, Wei, Chen, Jin, Fehrmann, Rudolf, Hedman, Åsa K, Karjalainen, Juha, Schmidt, Ellen M, Absher, Devin, Amin, Najaf, Anderson, Denise, Beekman, Marian, Bolton, Jennifer L, Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L, Buyske, Steven, Demirkan, Ayse, Deng, Guohong, Ehret, Georg B, Feenstra, Bjarke, Feitosa, Mary F, Fischer, Krista, Goel, Anuj, Gong, Jian, Jackson, Anne U, Kanoni, Stavroula, Kleber, Marcus E, Kristiansson, Kati, Lim, Unhee, Lotay, Vaneet, Mangino, Massimo, Mateo Leach, Irene, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Medland, Sarah E, Nalls, Michael A, Palmer, Cameron D, Pasko, Dorota, Pechlivanis, Sonali, Peters, Marjolein J, Prokopenko, Inga, Shungin, Dmitry, Stančáková, Alena, Strawbridge, Rona J, Ju Sung, Yun, Tanaka, Toshiko, Teumer, Alexander, Trompet, Stella, van der Laan, Sander W, van Setten, Jessica, Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V, Wang, Zhaoming, Yengo, Loïc, Zhang, Weihua, Isaacs, Aaron, Albrecht, Eva, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arscott, Gillian M, Attwood, Antony P, Bandinelli, Stefania, Barrett, Amy, Bas, Isabelita N, Bellis, Claire, Bennett, Amanda J, Berne, Christian, Blagieva, Roza, Blüher, Matthias, Böhringer, Stefan, Bonnycastle, Lori L, Böttcher, Yvonne, Boyd, Heather A, Bruinenberg, Marcel, Caspersen, Ida H, Ida Chen, Yii-Der, Clarke, Robert, Warwick Daw, E, de Craen, Anton JM, Delgado, Graciela, and Dimitriou, Maria

Subjects
Epidemiology, Biological Sciences, Health Sciences, Genetics, Human Genome, Nutrition, Obesity, Prevention, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Stroke, Cardiovascular, Metabolic and endocrine, Oral and gastrointestinal, Cancer, Adipogenesis, Adiposity, Age Factors, Body Mass Index, Energy Metabolism, Europe, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Glutamic Acid, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Secretion, Male, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Racial Groups, Synapses, LifeLines Cohort Study, ADIPOGen Consortium, AGEN-BMI Working Group, CARDIOGRAMplusC4D Consortium, CKDGen Consortium, GLGC, ICBP, MAGIC Investigators, MuTHER Consortium, MIGen Consortium, PAGE Consortium, ReproGen Consortium, GENIE Consortium, International Endogene Consortium, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P 20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.

Published
2015

17. A genome-wide association study identifies a functional ERAP2 haplotype associated with birdshot chorioretinopathy

Author

Kuiper, Jonas JW, Van Setten, Jessica, Ripke, Stephan, Van ‘T Slot, Ruben, Mulder, Flip, Missotten, Tom, Baarsma, G Seerp, Francioli, Laurent C, Pulit, Sara L, De Kovel, Carolien GF, Loon, Ninette Ten Dam-Van, Hollander, Anneke I Den, Veld, Paulien Huis in het, Hoyng, Carel B, Cordero-Coma, Miguel, Martín, Javier, Llorenç, Victor, Arya, Bharti, Thomas, Dhanes, Bakker, Steven C, Ophoff, Roel A, Rothova, Aniki, De Bakker, Paul IW, Mutis, Tuna, and Koeleman, Bobby PC

Subjects
Genetics, Prevention, Clinical Research, Autoimmune Disease, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Inflammatory and immune system, Alleles, Aminopeptidases, Birdshot Chorioretinopathy, Case-Control Studies, Chorioretinitis, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, HLA-A Antigens, Haplotypes, Humans, Male, Whites, White People, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

Birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR) is a rare form of autoimmune uveitis that can lead to severe visual impairment. Intriguingly, >95% of cases carry the HLA-A29 allele, which defines the strongest documented HLA association for a human disease. We have conducted a genome-wide association study in 96 Dutch and 27 Spanish cases, and 398 unrelated Dutch and 380 Spanish controls. Fine-mapping the primary MHC association through high-resolution imputation at classical HLA loci, identified HLA-A*29:02 as the principal MHC association (odds ratio (OR) = 157.5, 95% CI 91.6-272.6, P = 6.6 × 10(-74)). We also identified two novel susceptibility loci at 5q15 near ERAP2 (rs7705093; OR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.7-3.1, for the T allele, P = 8.6 × 10(-8)) and at 14q32.31 in the TECPR2 gene (rs150571175; OR = 6.1, 95% CI 3.2-11.7, for the A allele, P = 3.2 × 10(-8)). The association near ERAP2 was confirmed in an independent British case-control samples (combined meta-analysis P = 1.7 × 10(-9)). Functional analyses revealed that the risk allele of the polymorphism near ERAP2 is strongly associated with high mRNA and protein expression of ERAP2 in B cells. This study further defined an extremely strong MHC risk component in BSCR, and detected evidence for a novel disease mechanism that affects peptide processing in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Published
2014

18. Defining the role of common variation in the genomic and biological architecture of adult human height

Author

Wood, Andrew R, Esko, Tonu, Yang, Jian, Vedantam, Sailaja, Pers, Tune H, Gustafsson, Stefan, Chu, Audrey Y, Estrada, Karol, Luan, Jian'an, Kutalik, Zoltán, Amin, Najaf, Buchkovich, Martin L, Croteau-Chonka, Damien C, Day, Felix R, Duan, Yanan, Fall, Tove, Fehrmann, Rudolf, Ferreira, Teresa, Jackson, Anne U, Karjalainen, Juha, Lo, Ken Sin, Locke, Adam E, Mägi, Reedik, Mihailov, Evelin, Porcu, Eleonora, Randall, Joshua C, Scherag, André, Vinkhuyzen, Anna AE, Westra, Harm-Jan, Winkler, Thomas W, Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie, Zhao, Jing Hua, Absher, Devin, Albrecht, Eva, Anderson, Denise, Baron, Jeffrey, Beekman, Marian, Demirkan, Ayse, Ehret, Georg B, Feenstra, Bjarke, Feitosa, Mary F, Fischer, Krista, Fraser, Ross M, Goel, Anuj, Gong, Jian, Justice, Anne E, Kanoni, Stavroula, Kleber, Marcus E, Kristiansson, Kati, Lim, Unhee, Lotay, Vaneet, Lui, Julian C, Mangino, Massimo, Leach, Irene Mateo, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Nalls, Michael A, Nyholt, Dale R, Palmer, Cameron D, Pasko, Dorota, Pechlivanis, Sonali, Prokopenko, Inga, Ried, Janina S, Ripke, Stephan, Shungin, Dmitry, Stancáková, Alena, Strawbridge, Rona J, Sung, Yun Ju, Tanaka, Toshiko, Teumer, Alexander, Trompet, Stella, van der Laan, Sander W, van Setten, Jessica, Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V, Wang, Zhaoming, Yengo, Loïc, Zhang, Weihua, Afzal, Uzma, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arscott, Gillian M, Bandinelli, Stefania, Barrett, Amy, Bellis, Claire, Bennett, Amanda J, Berne, Christian, Blüher, Matthias, Bolton, Jennifer L, Böttcher, Yvonne, Boyd, Heather A, Bruinenberg, Marcel, Buckley, Brendan M, Buyske, Steven, Caspersen, Ida H, Chines, Peter S, Clarke, Robert, Claudi-Boehm, Simone, Cooper, Matthew, Daw, E Warwick, De Jong, Pim A, Deelen, Joris, and Delgado, Graciela

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Biotechnology, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Body Height, Genetic Variation, Genetics, Population, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMEMERGEGE) Consortium, MIGen Consortium, PAGEGE Consortium, LifeLines Cohort Study, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Agricultural biotechnology, Bioinformatics and computational biology
Abstract

Using genome-wide data from 253,288 individuals, we identified 697 variants at genome-wide significance that together explained one-fifth of the heritability for adult height. By testing different numbers of variants in independent studies, we show that the most strongly associated ∼2,000, ∼3,700 and ∼9,500 SNPs explained ∼21%, ∼24% and ∼29% of phenotypic variance. Furthermore, all common variants together captured 60% of heritability. The 697 variants clustered in 423 loci were enriched for genes, pathways and tissue types known to be involved in growth and together implicated genes and pathways not highlighted in earlier efforts, such as signaling by fibroblast growth factors, WNT/β-catenin and chondroitin sulfate-related genes. We identified several genes and pathways not previously connected with human skeletal growth, including mTOR, osteoglycin and binding of hyaluronic acid. Our results indicate a genetic architecture for human height that is characterized by a very large but finite number (thousands) of causal variants.

Published
2014

19. No evidence for shared genetic basis of common variants in multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Author

Goris, An, van Setten, Jessica, Diekstra, Frank, Ripke, Stephan, Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A, Sawcer, Stephen J, van Es, Michael, Andersen, Peter M, Melki, Judith, Meininger, Vincent, Hardiman, Orla, Landers, John E, Brown, Robert H, Shatunov, Aleksey, Leigh, Nigel, Al-Chalabi, Ammar, Shaw, Christopher E, Traynor, Bryan J, Chiò, Adriano, Restagno, Gabriella, Mora, Gabriele, Ophoff, Roel A, Oksenberg, Jorge R, Van Damme, Philip, Compston, Alastair, Robberecht, Wim, Dubois, Bénédicte, van den Berg, Leonard H, De Jager, Philip L, Veldink, Jan H, and de Bakker, Paul IW

Subjects
Human Genome, ALS, Multiple Sclerosis, Rare Diseases, Autoimmune Disease, Neurosciences, Genetics, Neurodegenerative, Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Neurological, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Comorbidity, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium, Australia and New Zealand MS Genetics Consortium, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies have been successful in identifying common variants that influence the susceptibility to complex diseases. From these studies, it has emerged that there is substantial overlap in susceptibility loci between diseases. In line with those findings, we hypothesized that shared genetic pathways may exist between multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). While both diseases may have inflammatory and neurodegenerative features, epidemiological studies have indicated an increased co-occurrence within individuals and families. To this purpose, we combined genome-wide data from 4088 MS patients, 3762 ALS patients and 12 030 healthy control individuals in whom 5 440 446 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were successfully genotyped or imputed. We tested these SNPs for the excess association shared between MS and ALS and also explored whether polygenic models of SNPs below genome-wide significance could explain some of the observed trait variance between diseases. Genome-wide association meta-analysis of SNPs as well as polygenic analyses fails to provide evidence in favor of an overlap in genetic susceptibility between MS and ALS. Hence, our findings do not support a shared genetic background of common risk variants in MS and ALS.

Published
2014

20. Loci influencing blood pressure identified using a cardiovascular gene-centric array.

Author

Ganesh, Santhi K, Tragante, Vinicius, Guo, Wei, Guo, Yiran, Lanktree, Matthew B, Smith, Erin N, Johnson, Toby, Castillo, Berta Almoguera, Barnard, John, Baumert, Jens, Chang, Yen-Pei Christy, Elbers, Clara C, Farrall, Martin, Fischer, Mary E, Franceschini, Nora, Gaunt, Tom R, Gho, Johannes MIH, Gieger, Christian, Gong, Yan, Isaacs, Aaron, Kleber, Marcus E, Mateo Leach, Irene, McDonough, Caitrin W, Meijs, Matthijs FL, Mellander, Olle, Molony, Cliona M, Nolte, Ilja M, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Price, Tom S, Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan, Shaffer, Jonathan, Shah, Sonia, Shen, Haiqing, Soranzo, Nicole, van der Most, Peter J, Van Iperen, Erik PA, Van Setten, Jessica, Vonk, Judith M, Zhang, Li, Beitelshees, Amber L, Berenson, Gerald S, Bhatt, Deepak L, Boer, Jolanda MA, Boerwinkle, Eric, Burkley, Ben, Burt, Amber, Chakravarti, Aravinda, Chen, Wei, Cooper-Dehoff, Rhonda M, Curtis, Sean P, Dreisbach, Albert, Duggan, David, Ehret, Georg B, Fabsitz, Richard R, Fornage, Myriam, Fox, Ervin, Furlong, Clement E, Gansevoort, Ron T, Hofker, Marten H, Hovingh, G Kees, Kirkland, Susan A, Kottke-Marchant, Kandice, Kutlar, Abdullah, Lacroix, Andrea Z, Langaee, Taimour Y, Li, Yun R, Lin, Honghuang, Liu, Kiang, Maiwald, Steffi, Malik, Rainer, CARDIOGRAM, METASTROKE, Murugesan, Gurunathan, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, O'Connell, Jeffery R, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Ouwehand, Willem H, Palmas, Walter, Penninx, Brenda W, Pepine, Carl J, Pettinger, Mary, Polak, Joseph F, Ramachandran, Vasan S, Ranchalis, Jane, Redline, Susan, Ridker, Paul M, Rose, Lynda M, Scharnag, Hubert, Schork, Nicholas J, Shimbo, Daichi, Shuldiner, Alan R, Srinivasan, Sathanur R, Stolk, Ronald P, Taylor, Herman A, Thorand, Barbara, Trip, Mieke D, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Verschuren, W Monique, Wijmenga, Cisca, Winkelmann, Bernhard R, and Wyatt, Sharon

Subjects
CARDIOGRAM, METASTROKE, LifeLines Cohort Study, Humans, Cardiovascular Diseases, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Cohort Studies, Chromosome Mapping, Blood Pressure, Genotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, CARDIOGRAM, METASTROKE, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Heart Disease, Clinical Research, Cardiovascular, Genetics, Hypertension, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

Blood pressure (BP) is a heritable determinant of risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). To investigate genetic associations with systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP), we genotyped ∼50 000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that capture variation in ∼2100 candidate genes for cardiovascular phenotypes in 61 619 individuals of European ancestry from cohort studies in the USA and Europe. We identified novel associations between rs347591 and SBP (chromosome 3p25.3, in an intron of HRH1) and between rs2169137 and DBP (chromosome1q32.1 in an intron of MDM4) and between rs2014408 and SBP (chromosome 11p15 in an intron of SOX6), previously reported to be associated with MAP. We also confirmed 10 previously known loci associated with SBP, DBP, MAP or PP (ADRB1, ATP2B1, SH2B3/ATXN2, CSK, CYP17A1, FURIN, HFE, LSP1, MTHFR, SOX6) at array-wide significance (P < 2.4 × 10(-6)). We then replicated these associations in an independent set of 65 886 individuals of European ancestry. The findings from expression QTL (eQTL) analysis showed associations of SNPs in the MDM4 region with MDM4 expression. We did not find any evidence of association of the two novel SNPs in MDM4 and HRH1 with sequelae of high BP including coronary artery disease (CAD), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) or stroke. In summary, we identified two novel loci associated with BP and confirmed multiple previously reported associations. Our findings extend our understanding of genes involved in BP regulation, some of which may eventually provide new targets for therapeutic intervention.

Published
2013

21. A multi-layer functional genomic analysis to understand noncoding genetic variation in lipids

Author

Ramdas, Shweta, Judd, Jonathan, Graham, Sarah E, Kanoni, Stavroula, Wang, Yuxuan, Surakka, Ida, Wenz, Brandon, Clarke, Shoa L, Chesi, Alessandra, Wells, Andrew, Bhatti, Konain Fatima, Vedantam, Sailaja, Winkler, Thomas W, Locke, Adam E, Marouli, Eirini, Zajac, Greg J M, Wu, Kuan-Han H, Ntalla, Ioanna, Hui, Qin, Klarin, Derek, Hilliard, Austin T, Wang, Zeyuan, Xue, Chao, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Helgadottir, Anna, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, Holm, Hilma, Olafsson, Isleifur, Hwang, Mi Yeong, Han, Sohee, Akiyama, Masato, Sakaue, Saori, Terao, Chikashi, Kanai, Masahiro, Zhou, Wei, Brumpton, Ben M, Rasheed, Humaira, Havulinna, Aki S, Veturi, Yogasudha, Pacheco, Jennifer Allen, Rosenthal, Elisabeth A, Lingren, Todd, Feng, QiPing, Kullo, Iftikhar J, Narita, Akira, Takayama, Jun, Martin, Hilary C, Hunt, Karen A, Trivedi, Bhavi, Haessler, Jeffrey, Giulianini, Franco, Bradford, Yuki, Miller, Jason E, Campbell, Archie, Lin, Kuang, Millwood, Iona Y, Rasheed, Asif, Hindy, George, Faul, Jessica D, Zhao, Wei, Weir, David R, Turman, Constance, Huang, Hongyan, Graff, Mariaelisa, Choudhury, Ananyo, Sengupta, Dhriti, Mahajan, Anubha, Brown, Michael R, Zhang, Weihua, Yu, Ketian, Schmidt, Ellen M, Pandit, Anita, Gustafsson, Stefan, Yin, Xianyong, Luan, Jian'an, Zhao, Jing-Hua, Matsuda, Fumihiko, Jang, Hye-Mi, Yoon, Kyungheon, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Pitsillides, Achilleas, Hottenga, Jouke Jan, Wood, Andrew R, Ji, Yingji, Gao, Zishan, Haworth, Simon, Mitchell, Ruth E, Chai, Jin Fang, Aadahl, Mette, Bjerregaard, Anne A, Yao, Jie, Manichaikul, Ani, Lee, Wen-Jane, Hsiung, Chao Agnes, Warren, Helen R, Ramirez, Julia, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Kårhus, Line L, Goel, Anuj, Sabater-Lleal, Maria, Noordam, Raymond, Mauro, Pala, Matteo, Floris, McDaid, Aaron F, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Wielscher, Matthias, Trompet, Stella, Sattar, Naveed, Møllehave, Line T, Munz, Matthias, Zeng, Lingyao, Huang, Jianfeng, Yang, Bin, Poveda, Alaitz, Kurbasic, Azra, Schönherr, Sebastian, Forer, Lukas, Scholz, Markus, Galesloot, Tessel E, Bradfield, Jonathan P, Ruotsalainen, Sanni E, Daw, E Warwick, Zmuda, Joseph M, Mitchell, Jonathan S, Fuchsberger, Christian, Christensen, Henry, Brody, Jennifer A, Le, Phuong, Feitosa, Mary F, Wojczynski, Mary K, Hemerich, Daiane, Preuss, Michael, Mangino, Massimo, Christofidou, Paraskevi, Verweij, Niek, Benjamins, Jan W, Engmann, Jorgen, Noah, Tsao L, Verma, Anurag, Slieker, Roderick C, Lo, Ken Sin, Zilhao, Nuno R, Kleber, Marcus E, Delgado, Graciela E, Huo, Shaofeng, Ikeda, Daisuke D, Iha, Hiroyuki, Yang, Jian, Liu, Jun, Demirkan, Ayşe, Leonard, Hampton L, Marten, Jonathan, Emmel, Carina, Schmidt, Börge, Smyth, Laura J, Cañadas-Garre, Marisa, Wang, Chaolong, Nakatochi, Masahiro, Wong, Andrew, Hutri-Kähönen, Nina, Sim, Xueling, Xia, Rui, Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia, Fernandez-Lopez, Juan Carlos, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Nongmaithem, Suraj S, Sankareswaran, Alagu, Irvin, Marguerite R, Oldmeadow, Christopher, Kim, Han-Na, Ryu, Seungho, Timmers, Paul R H J, Arbeeva, Liubov, Dorajoo, Rajkumar, Lange, Leslie A, Prasad, Gauri, Lorés-Motta, Laura, Pauper, Marc, Long, Jirong, Li, Xiaohui, Theusch, Elizabeth, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Spracklen, Cassandra N, Loukola, Anu, Bollepalli, Sailalitha, Warner, Sophie C, Wang, Ya Xing, Wei, Wen B, Nutile, Teresa, Ruggiero, Daniela, Sung, Yun Ju, Chen, Shufeng, Liu, Fangchao, Yang, Jingyun, Kentistou, Katherine A, Banas, Bernhard, Morgan, Anna, Meidtner, Karina, Bielak, Lawrence F, Smith, Jennifer A, Hebbar, Prashantha, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Hofer, Edith, Lin, Maoxuan, Concas, Maria Pina, Vaccargiu, Simona, van der Most, Peter J, Pitkänen, Niina, Cade, Brian E, van der Laan, Sander W, Chitrala, Kumaraswamy Naidu, Weiss, Stefan, Bentley, Amy R, Doumatey, Ayo P, Adeyemo, Adebowale A, Lee, Jong Young, Petersen, Eva R B, Nielsen, Aneta A, Choi, Hyeok Sun, Nethander, Maria, Freitag-Wolf, Sandra, Southam, Lorraine, Rayner, Nigel W, Wang, Carol A, Lin, Shih-Yi, Wang, Jun-Sing, Couture, Christian, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Nikus, Kjell, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Vestergaard, Henrik, Hidalgo, Bertha, Giannakopoulou, Olga, Cai, Qiuyin, Obura, Morgan O, van Setten, Jessica, He, Karen Y, Tang, Hua, Terzikhan, Natalie, Shin, Jae Hun, Jackson, Rebecca D, Reiner, Alexander P, Martin, Lisa Warsinger, Chen, Zhengming, Li, Liming, Kawaguchi, Takahisa, Thiery, Joachim, Bis, Joshua C, Launer, Lenore J, Li, Huaixing, Nalls, Mike A, Raitakari, Olli T, Ichihara, Sahoko, Wild, Sarah H, Nelson, Christopher P, Campbell, Harry, Jäger, Susanne, Nabika, Toru, Al-Mulla, Fahd, Niinikoski, Harri, Braund, Peter S, Kolcic, Ivana, Kovacs, Peter, Giardoglou, Tota, Katsuya, Tomohiro, de Kleijn, Dominique, de Borst, Gert J, Kim, Eung Kweon, Adams, Hieab H H, Ikram, M Arfan, Zhu, Xiaofeng, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Kraaijeveld, Adriaan O, Beulens, Joline W J, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Rallidis, Loukianos S, Pedersen, Oluf, Hansen, Torben, Mitchell, Paul, Hewitt, Alex W, Kähönen, Mika, Pérusse, Louis, Bouchard, Claude, Tönjes, Anke, Ida Chen, Yii-Der, Pennell, Craig E, Mori, Trevor A, Lieb, Wolfgang, Franke, Andre, Ohlsson, Claes, Mellström, Dan, Cho, Yoon Shin, Lee, Hyejin, Yuan, Jian-Min, Koh, Woon-Puay, Rhee, Sang Youl, Woo, Jeong-Taek, Heid, Iris M, Stark, Klaus J, Zimmermann, Martina E, Völzke, Henry, Homuth, Georg, Evans, Michele K, Zonderman, Alan B, Polasek, Ozren, Pasterkamp, Gerard, Hoefer, Imo E, Redline, Susan, Pahkala, Katja, Oldehinkel, Albertine J, Snieder, Harold, Biino, Ginevra, Schmidt, Reinhold, Schmidt, Helena, Bandinelli, Stefania, Dedoussis, George, Thanaraj, Thangavel Alphonse, Peyser, Patricia A, Kato, Norihiro, Schulze, Matthias B, Girotto, Giorgia, Böger, Carsten A, Jung, Bettina, Joshi, Peter K, Bennett, David A, De Jager, Philip L, Lu, Xiangfeng, Mamakou, Vasiliki, Brown, Morris, Caulfield, Mark J, Munroe, Patricia B, Guo, Xiuqing, Ciullo, Marina, Jonas, Jost B, Samani, Nilesh J, Kaprio, Jaakko, Pajukanta, Päivi, Tusié-Luna, Teresa, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Adair, Linda S, Bechayda, Sonny Augustin, de Silva, H Janaka, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R, Krauss, Ronald M, Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Zheng, Wei, den Hollander, Anneke I, Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan, Correa, Adolfo, Wilson, James G, Lind, Lars, Heng, Chew-Kiat, Nelson, Amanda E, Golightly, Yvonne M, Wilson, James F, Penninx, Brenda, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney J, Rao, D C, Arnett, Donna K, Walker, Mark, Scott, Laura J, Koistinen, Heikki A, Chandak, Giriraj R, Mercader, Josep M, Villalpando, Clicerio Gonzalez, Orozco, Lorena, Fornage, Myriam, Tai, E Shyong, van Dam, Rob M, Lehtimäki, Terho, Chaturvedi, Nish, Yokota, Mitsuhiro, Liu, Jianjun, Reilly, Dermot F, McKnight, Amy Jayne, Kee, Frank, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, McCarthy, Mark I, Palmer, Colin N A, Vitart, Veronique, Hayward, Caroline, Simonsick, Eleanor, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Jin, Zi-Bing, Lu, Fan, Hishigaki, Haretsugu, Lin, Xu, März, Winfried, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Lettre, Guillaume, T Hart, Leen M, Elders, Petra J M, Rader, Daniel J, Damrauer, Scott M, Kumari, Meena, Kivimaki, Mika, van der Harst, Pim, Spector, Tim D, Loos, Ruth J F, Province, Michael A, Parra, Esteban J, Cruz, Miguel, Psaty, Bruce M, Brandslund, Ivan, Pramstaller, Peter P, Rotimi, Charles N, Christensen, Kaare, Ripatti, Samuli, Widén, Elisabeth, Hakonarson, Hakon, Grant, Struan F A, Kiemeney, Lambertus, de Graaf, Jacqueline, Loeffler, Markus, Kronenberg, Florian, Gu, Dongfeng, Erdmann, Jeanette, Schunkert, Heribert, Franks, Paul W, Linneberg, Allan, Jukema, J Wouter, Khera, Amit V, Männikkö, Minna, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Kutalik, Zoltan, Francesco, Cucca, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O, Willems van Dijk, Ko, Watkins, Hugh, Strachan, David P, Grarup, Niels, Sever, Peter, Poulter, Neil, Huey-Herng Sheu, Wayne, Rotter, Jerome I, Dantoft, Thomas M, Karpe, Fredrik, Neville, Matt J, Timpson, Nicholas J, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Wong, Tien-Yin, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Li, Hengtong, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Peters, Annette, Gieger, Christian, Hattersley, Andrew T, Pedersen, Nancy L, Magnusson, Patrik K E, Boomsma, Dorret I, de Geus, Eco J C, Cupples, L Adrienne, van Meurs, Joyce B J, Ikram, Arfan, Ghanbari, Mohsen, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Huang, Wei, Kim, Young Jin, Tabara, Yasuharu, Wareham, Nicholas J, Langenberg, Claudia, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Ingelsson, Erik, Abecasis, Goncalo, Chambers, John C, Kooner, Jaspal S, de Vries, Paul S, Morrison, Alanna C, Hazelhurst, Scott, Ramsay, Michèle, North, Kari E, Daviglus, Martha, Kraft, Peter, Martin, Nicholas G, Whitfield, John B, Abbas, Shahid, Saleheen, Danish, Walters, Robin G, Holmes, Michael V, Black, Corri, Smith, Blair H, Baras, Aris, Justice, Anne E, Buring, Julie E, Ridker, Paul M, Chasman, Daniel I, Kooperberg, Charles, Tamiya, Gen, Yamamoto, Masayuki, van Heel, David A, Trembath, Richard C, Wei, Wei-Qi, Jarvik, Gail P, Namjou, Bahram, Hayes, M Geoffrey, Ritchie, Marylyn D, Jousilahti, Pekka, Salomaa, Veikko, Hveem, Kristian, Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Kubo, Michiaki, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Okada, Yukinori, Murakami, Yoshinori, Kim, Bong-Jo, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Stefansson, Kari, Zhang, Jifeng, Chen, Y Eugene, Ho, Yuk-Lam, Lynch, Julie A, Tsao, Philip S, Chang, Kyong-Mi, Cho, Kelly, O'Donnell, Christopher J, Gaziano, John M, Wilson, Peter, Mohlke, Karen L, Frayling, Timothy M, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Kathiresan, Sekar, Boehnke, Michael, Million Veterans Program, Global Lipids Genetics Consortium, Struan Grant, Natarajan, Pradeep, Sun, Yan V, Morris, Andrew P, Deloukas, Panos, Peloso, Gina, Assimes, Themistocles L, Willer, Cristen J, Zhu, Xiang, Brown, Christopher D, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Tampere University, Clinical Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry, TAYS Heart Centre, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Ramdas, Shweta, Judd, Jonathan, Graham, Sarah E, Kanoni, Stavroula, Wang, Yuxuan, Surakka, Ida, Wenz, Brandon, Clarke, Shoa L, Chesi, Alessandra, Wells, Andrew, Bhatti, Konain Fatima, Vedantam, Sailaja, Winkler, Thomas W, Locke, Adam E, Marouli, Eirini, Zajac, Greg J M, Wu, Kuan-Han H, Ntalla, Ioanna, Hui, Qin, Klarin, Derek, Hilliard, Austin T, Wang, Zeyuan, Xue, Chao, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Helgadottir, Anna, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, Holm, Hilma, Olafsson, Isleifur, Hwang, Mi Yeong, Han, Sohee, Akiyama, Masato, Sakaue, Saori, Terao, Chikashi, Kanai, Masahiro, Zhou, Wei, Brumpton, Ben M, Rasheed, Humaira, Havulinna, Aki S, Veturi, Yogasudha, Pacheco, Jennifer Allen, Rosenthal, Elisabeth A, Lingren, Todd, Feng, Qiping, Kullo, Iftikhar J, Narita, Akira, Takayama, Jun, Martin, Hilary C, Hunt, Karen A, Trivedi, Bhavi, Haessler, Jeffrey, Giulianini, Franco, Bradford, Yuki, Miller, Jason E, Campbell, Archie, Lin, Kuang, Millwood, Iona Y, Rasheed, Asif, Hindy, George, Faul, Jessica D, Zhao, Wei, Weir, David R, Turman, Constance, Huang, Hongyan, Graff, Mariaelisa, Choudhury, Ananyo, Sengupta, Dhriti, Mahajan, Anubha, Brown, Michael R, Zhang, Weihua, Yu, Ketian, Schmidt, Ellen M, Pandit, Anita, Gustafsson, Stefan, Yin, Xianyong, Luan, Jian'An, Zhao, Jing-Hua, Matsuda, Fumihiko, Jang, Hye-Mi, Yoon, Kyungheon, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Pitsillides, Achillea, Hottenga, Jouke Jan, Wood, Andrew R, Ji, Yingji, Gao, Zishan, Haworth, Simon, Mitchell, Ruth E, Chai, Jin Fang, Aadahl, Mette, Bjerregaard, Anne A, Yao, Jie, Manichaikul, Ani, Lee, Wen-Jane, Hsiung, Chao Agne, Warren, Helen R, Ramirez, Julia, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Kårhus, Line L, Goel, Anuj, Sabater-Lleal, Maria, Noordam, Raymond, Mauro, Pala, Matteo, Flori, Mcdaid, Aaron F, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Wielscher, Matthia, Trompet, Stella, Sattar, Naveed, Møllehave, Line T, Munz, Matthia, Zeng, Lingyao, Huang, Jianfeng, Yang, Bin, Poveda, Alaitz, Kurbasic, Azra, Schönherr, Sebastian, Forer, Luka, Scholz, Marku, Galesloot, Tessel E, Bradfield, Jonathan P, Ruotsalainen, Sanni E, Daw, E Warwick, Zmuda, Joseph M, Mitchell, Jonathan S, Fuchsberger, Christian, Christensen, Henry, Brody, Jennifer A, Le, Phuong, Feitosa, Mary F, Wojczynski, Mary K, Hemerich, Daiane, Preuss, Michael, Mangino, Massimo, Christofidou, Paraskevi, Verweij, Niek, Benjamins, Jan W, Engmann, Jorgen, Noah, Tsao L, Verma, Anurag, Slieker, Roderick C, Lo, Ken Sin, Zilhao, Nuno R, Kleber, Marcus E, Delgado, Graciela E, Huo, Shaofeng, Ikeda, Daisuke D, Iha, Hiroyuki, Yang, Jian, Liu, Jun, Demirkan, Ayşe, Leonard, Hampton L, Marten, Jonathan, Emmel, Carina, Schmidt, Börge, Smyth, Laura J, Cañadas-Garre, Marisa, Wang, Chaolong, Nakatochi, Masahiro, Wong, Andrew, Hutri-Kähönen, Nina, Sim, Xueling, Xia, Rui, Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia, Fernandez-Lopez, Juan Carlo, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Nongmaithem, Suraj S, Sankareswaran, Alagu, Irvin, Marguerite R, Oldmeadow, Christopher, Kim, Han-Na, Ryu, Seungho, Timmers, Paul R H J, Arbeeva, Liubov, Dorajoo, Rajkumar, Lange, Leslie A, Prasad, Gauri, Lorés-Motta, Laura, Pauper, Marc, Long, Jirong, Li, Xiaohui, Theusch, Elizabeth, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Spracklen, Cassandra N, Loukola, Anu, Bollepalli, Sailalitha, Warner, Sophie C, Wang, Ya Xing, Wei, Wen B, Nutile, Teresa, Ruggiero, Daniela, Sung, Yun Ju, Chen, Shufeng, Liu, Fangchao, Yang, Jingyun, Kentistou, Katherine A, Banas, Bernhard, Morgan, Anna, Meidtner, Karina, Bielak, Lawrence F, Smith, Jennifer A, Hebbar, Prashantha, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Hofer, Edith, Lin, Maoxuan, Concas, Maria Pina, Vaccargiu, Simona, van der Most, Peter J, Pitkänen, Niina, Cade, Brian E, van der Laan, Sander W, Chitrala, Kumaraswamy Naidu, Weiss, Stefan, Bentley, Amy R, Doumatey, Ayo P, Adeyemo, Adebowale A, Lee, Jong Young, Petersen, Eva R B, Nielsen, Aneta A, Choi, Hyeok Sun, Nethander, Maria, Freitag-Wolf, Sandra, Southam, Lorraine, Rayner, Nigel W, Wang, Carol A, Lin, Shih-Yi, Wang, Jun-Sing, Couture, Christian, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Nikus, Kjell, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Vestergaard, Henrik, Hidalgo, Bertha, Giannakopoulou, Olga, Cai, Qiuyin, Obura, Morgan O, van Setten, Jessica, He, Karen Y, Tang, Hua, Terzikhan, Natalie, Shin, Jae Hun, Jackson, Rebecca D, Reiner, Alexander P, Martin, Lisa Warsinger, Chen, Zhengming, Li, Liming, Kawaguchi, Takahisa, Thiery, Joachim, Bis, Joshua C, Launer, Lenore J, Li, Huaixing, Nalls, Mike A, Raitakari, Olli T, Ichihara, Sahoko, Wild, Sarah H, Nelson, Christopher P, Campbell, Harry, Jäger, Susanne, Nabika, Toru, Al-Mulla, Fahd, Niinikoski, Harri, Braund, Peter S, Kolcic, Ivana, Kovacs, Peter, Giardoglou, Tota, Katsuya, Tomohiro, de Kleijn, Dominique, de Borst, Gert J, Kim, Eung Kweon, Adams, Hieab H H, Ikram, M Arfan, Zhu, Xiaofeng, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Kraaijeveld, Adriaan O, Beulens, Joline W J, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Rallidis, Loukianos S, Pedersen, Oluf, Hansen, Torben, Mitchell, Paul, Hewitt, Alex W, Kähönen, Mika, Pérusse, Loui, Bouchard, Claude, Tönjes, Anke, Ida Chen, Yii-Der, Pennell, Craig E, Mori, Trevor A, Lieb, Wolfgang, Franke, Andre, Ohlsson, Clae, Mellström, Dan, Cho, Yoon Shin, Lee, Hyejin, Yuan, Jian-Min, Koh, Woon-Puay, Rhee, Sang Youl, Woo, Jeong-Taek, Heid, Iris M, Stark, Klaus J, Zimmermann, Martina E, Völzke, Henry, Homuth, Georg, Evans, Michele K, Zonderman, Alan B, Polasek, Ozren, Pasterkamp, Gerard, Hoefer, Imo E, Redline, Susan, Pahkala, Katja, Oldehinkel, Albertine J, Snieder, Harold, Biino, Ginevra, Schmidt, Reinhold, Schmidt, Helena, Bandinelli, Stefania, Dedoussis, George, Thanaraj, Thangavel Alphonse, Peyser, Patricia A, Kato, Norihiro, Schulze, Matthias B, Girotto, Giorgia, Böger, Carsten A, Jung, Bettina, Joshi, Peter K, Bennett, David A, De Jager, Philip L, Lu, Xiangfeng, Mamakou, Vasiliki, Brown, Morri, Caulfield, Mark J, Munroe, Patricia B, Guo, Xiuqing, Ciullo, Marina, Jonas, Jost B, Samani, Nilesh J, Kaprio, Jaakko, Pajukanta, Päivi, Tusié-Luna, Teresa, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Adair, Linda S, Bechayda, Sonny Augustin, de Silva, H Janaka, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R, Krauss, Ronald M, Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Zheng, Wei, den Hollander, Anneke I, Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan, Correa, Adolfo, Wilson, James G, Lind, Lar, Heng, Chew-Kiat, Nelson, Amanda E, Golightly, Yvonne M, Wilson, James F, Penninx, Brenda, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney J, Rao, D C, Arnett, Donna K, Walker, Mark, Scott, Laura J, Koistinen, Heikki A, Chandak, Giriraj R, Mercader, Josep M, Villalpando, Clicerio Gonzalez, Orozco, Lorena, Fornage, Myriam, Tai, E Shyong, van Dam, Rob M, Lehtimäki, Terho, Chaturvedi, Nish, Yokota, Mitsuhiro, Liu, Jianjun, Reilly, Dermot F, Mcknight, Amy Jayne, Kee, Frank, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Mccarthy, Mark I, Palmer, Colin N A, Vitart, Veronique, Hayward, Caroline, Simonsick, Eleanor, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Jin, Zi-Bing, Lu, Fan, Hishigaki, Haretsugu, Lin, Xu, März, Winfried, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Lettre, Guillaume, T Hart, Leen M, Elders, Petra J M, Rader, Daniel J, Damrauer, Scott M, Kumari, Meena, Kivimaki, Mika, van der Harst, Pim, Spector, Tim D, Loos, Ruth J F, Province, Michael A, Parra, Esteban J, Cruz, Miguel, Psaty, Bruce M, Brandslund, Ivan, Pramstaller, Peter P, Rotimi, Charles N, Christensen, Kaare, Ripatti, Samuli, Widén, Elisabeth, Hakonarson, Hakon, Grant, Struan F A, Kiemeney, Lambertu, de Graaf, Jacqueline, Loeffler, Marku, Kronenberg, Florian, Gu, Dongfeng, Erdmann, Jeanette, Schunkert, Heribert, Franks, Paul W, Linneberg, Allan, Jukema, J Wouter, Khera, Amit V, Männikkö, Minna, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Kutalik, Zoltan, Francesco, Cucca, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O, Willems van Dijk, Ko, Watkins, Hugh, Strachan, David P, Grarup, Niel, Sever, Peter, Poulter, Neil, Huey-Herng Sheu, Wayne, Rotter, Jerome I, Dantoft, Thomas M, Karpe, Fredrik, Neville, Matt J, Timpson, Nicholas J, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Wong, Tien-Yin, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Li, Hengtong, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Peters, Annette, Gieger, Christian, Hattersley, Andrew T, Pedersen, Nancy L, Magnusson, Patrik K E, Boomsma, Dorret I, de Geus, Eco J C, Cupples, L Adrienne, van Meurs, Joyce B J, Ikram, Arfan, Ghanbari, Mohsen, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Huang, Wei, Kim, Young Jin, Tabara, Yasuharu, Wareham, Nicholas J, Langenberg, Claudia, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Ingelsson, Erik, Abecasis, Goncalo, Chambers, John C, Kooner, Jaspal S, de Vries, Paul S, Morrison, Alanna C, Hazelhurst, Scott, Ramsay, Michèle, North, Kari E, Daviglus, Martha, Kraft, Peter, Martin, Nicholas G, Whitfield, John B, Abbas, Shahid, Saleheen, Danish, Walters, Robin G, Holmes, Michael V, Black, Corri, Smith, Blair H, Baras, Ari, Justice, Anne E, Buring, Julie E, Ridker, Paul M, Chasman, Daniel I, Kooperberg, Charle, Tamiya, Gen, Yamamoto, Masayuki, van Heel, David A, Trembath, Richard C, Wei, Wei-Qi, Jarvik, Gail P, Namjou, Bahram, Hayes, M Geoffrey, Ritchie, Marylyn D, Jousilahti, Pekka, Salomaa, Veikko, Hveem, Kristian, Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Kubo, Michiaki, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Okada, Yukinori, Murakami, Yoshinori, Kim, Bong-Jo, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Stefansson, Kari, Zhang, Jifeng, Chen, Y Eugene, Ho, Yuk-Lam, Lynch, Julie A, Tsao, Philip S, Chang, Kyong-Mi, Cho, Kelly, O'Donnell, Christopher J, Gaziano, John M, Wilson, Peter, Mohlke, Karen L, Frayling, Timothy M, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Kathiresan, Sekar, Boehnke, Michael, Struan Grant, Null, Natarajan, Pradeep, Sun, Yan V, Morris, Andrew P, Deloukas, Pano, Peloso, Gina, Assimes, Themistocles L, Willer, Cristen J, Zhu, Xiang, Brown, Christopher D, Epidemiology and Data Science, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Psychiatry, APH - Mental Health, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, General practice, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Digital Health, Million Veterans Program, Global Lipids Genetics Consortium, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Internal Medicine, Epidemiology, Biological Psychology, APH - Personalized Medicine, APH - Methodology, AMS - Ageing & Vitality, and AMS - Sports

Subjects
regulatory mechanism, Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 16], post-GWAS, Medizin, complex traits, fine-mapping, functional genomics, lipid biology, variant prioritization, Medical and Health Sciences, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Sensory disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 12], Article, INTEGRATIVE ANALYSIS, WIDE ASSOCIATION, 3D GENOME, VARIANTS, CHOLESTEROL, ANNOTATION, OBESITY, COMMON, LOCI, EXPRESSION, functional genomic, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Polymorphism, Aetiology, Genetics (clinical), Genetics & Heredity, Chromatin/genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genomics, Lipids/genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics, Human Genome, Million Veterans Program, Global Lipids Genetics Consortium, Single Nucleotide, Biological Sciences, Lipids, Chromatin, complex trait, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], 3111 Biomedicine, Biotechnology
Abstract

A major challenge of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) is to translate phenotypic associations into biological insights. Here, we integrate a large GWAS on blood lipids involving 1.6 million individuals from five ancestries with a wide array of functional genomic datasets to discover regulatory mechanisms underlying lipid associations. We first prioritize lipid-associated genes with expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) colocalizations and then add chromatin interaction data to narrow the search for functional genes. Polygenic enrichment analysis across 697 annotations from a host of tissues and cell types confirms the central role of the liver in lipid levels and highlights the selective enrichment of adipose-specific chromatin marks in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. Overlapping transcription factor (TF) binding sites with lipid-associated loci identifies TFs relevant in lipid biology. In addition, we present an integrative framework to prioritize causal variants at GWAS loci, producing a comprehensive list of candidate causal genes and variants with multiple layers of functional evidence. We highlight two of the prioritized genes, CREBRF and RRBP1, which show convergent evidence across functional datasets supporting their roles in lipid biology. Xiang Zhu is supported by the Stein Fellowship from Stanford University and Institute for Computational and Data Sciences Seed Grant from The Pennsylvania State University. C.D.B. is supported by the NIH (R01-HL133218). Funding for the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium was provided by the NIH (R01-HL127564). This research was conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under application number 24460. This research is based on data from the Million Veteran Program, Office of Research and Development, Veterans Health Administration, and was supported by awards 2I01BX003362-03A1 and 1I01BX004821-01A1. This publication does not represent the views of the Department of Veteran Affairs or the United States Government. We thank Bethany Klunder for administrative support. Study-specific acknowledgments are provided in the supplemental information.

Published
2022
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22. Large-Scale Gene-Centric Meta-analysis across 32 Studies Identifies Multiple Lipid Loci

Author

Asselbergs, Folkert W, Guo, Yiran, van Iperen, Erik PA, Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh, Tragante, Vinicius, Lanktree, Matthew B, Lange, Leslie A, Almoguera, Berta, Appelman, Yolande E, Barnard, John, Baumert, Jens, Beitelshees, Amber L, Bhangale, Tushar R, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Gaunt, Tom R, Gong, Yan, Hopewell, Jemma C, Johnson, Toby, Kleber, Marcus E, Langaee, Taimour Y, Li, Mingyao, Li, Yun R, Liu, Kiang, McDonough, Caitrin W, Meijs, Matthijs FL, Middelberg, Rita PS, Musunuru, Kiran, Nelson, Christopher P, O’Connell, Jeffery R, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Pankow, James S, Pankratz, Nathan, Rafelt, Suzanne, Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan, Romaine, Simon PR, Schork, Nicholas J, Shaffer, Jonathan, Shen, Haiqing, Smith, Erin N, Tischfield, Sam E, van der Most, Peter J, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V, Verweij, Niek, Volcik, Kelly A, Zhang, Li, Bailey, Kent R, Bailey, Kristian M, Bauer, Florianne, Boer, Jolanda MA, Braund, Peter S, Burt, Amber, Burton, Paul R, Buxbaum, Sarah G, Chen, Wei, Cooper-DeHoff, Rhonda M, Cupples, L Adrienne, deJong, Jonas S, Delles, Christian, Duggan, David, Fornage, Myriam, Furlong, Clement E, Glazer, Nicole, Gums, John G, Hastie, Claire, Holmes, Michael V, Illig, Thomas, Kirkland, Susan A, Kivimaki, Mika, Klein, Ronald, Klein, Barbara E, Kooperberg, Charles, Kottke-Marchant, Kandice, Kumari, Meena, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Mallela, Laya, Murugesan, Gurunathan, Ordovas, Jose, Ouwehand, Willem H, Post, Wendy S, Saxena, Richa, Scharnagl, Hubert, Schreiner, Pamela J, Shah, Tina, Shields, Denis C, Shimbo, Daichi, Srinivasan, Sathanur R, Stolk, Ronald P, Swerdlow, Daniel I, Taylor, Herman A, Topol, Eric J, Toskala, Elina, van Pelt, Joost L, van Setten, Jessica, Yusuf, Salim, Whittaker, John C, Zwinderman, AH, Study, LifeLines Cohort, Anand, Sonia S, Balmforth, Anthony J, and Berenson, Gerald S

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Epidemiology, Health Sciences, Human Genome, Cardiovascular, Atherosclerosis, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Lipids, Male, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Sex Factors, Triglycerides, White People, LifeLines Cohort Study, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many SNPs underlying variations in plasma-lipid levels. We explore whether additional loci associated with plasma-lipid phenotypes, such as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TGs), can be identified by a dense gene-centric approach. Our meta-analysis of 32 studies in 66,240 individuals of European ancestry was based on the custom ∼50,000 SNP genotyping array (the ITMAT-Broad-CARe array) covering ∼2,000 candidate genes. SNP-lipid associations were replicated either in a cohort comprising an additional 24,736 samples or within the Global Lipid Genetic Consortium. We identified four, six, ten, and four unreported SNPs in established lipid genes for HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, and TGs, respectively. We also identified several lipid-related SNPs in previously unreported genes: DGAT2, HCAR2, GPIHBP1, PPARG, and FTO for HDL-C; SOCS3, APOH, SPTY2D1, BRCA2, and VLDLR for LDL-C; SOCS3, UGT1A1, BRCA2, UBE3B, FCGR2A, CHUK, and INSIG2 for TC; and SERPINF2, C4B, GCK, GATA4, INSR, and LPAL2 for TGs. The proportion of explained phenotypic variance in the subset of studies providing individual-level data was 9.9% for HDL-C, 9.5% for LDL-C, 10.3% for TC, and 8.0% for TGs. This large meta-analysis of lipid phenotypes with the use of a dense gene-centric approach identified multiple SNPs not previously described in established lipid genes and several previously unknown loci. The explained phenotypic variance from this approach was comparable to that from a meta-analysis of GWAS data, suggesting that a focused genotyping approach can further increase the understanding of heritability of plasma lipids.

Published
2012

23. A saturated map of common genetic variants associated with human height

Author

Yengo, Loïc, Vedantam, Sailaja, Marouli, Eirini, Sidorenko, Julia, Bartell, Eric, Sakaue, Saori, Graff, Marielisa, Eliasen, Anders U, Jiang, Yunxuan, Raghavan, Sridharan, Miao, Jenkai, Arias, Joshua D, Graham, Sarah E, Mukamel, Ronen E, Spracklen, Cassandra N, Yin, Xianyong, Chen, Shyh-Huei, Ferreira, Teresa, Highland, Heather H, Ji, Yingjie, Karaderi, Tugce, Lin, Kuang, Lüll, Kreete, Malden, Deborah E, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Machado, Moara, Moore, Amy, Rüeger, Sina, Sim, Xueling, Vrieze, Scott, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S, Akiyama, Masato, Allison, Matthew A, Alvarez, Marcus, Andersen, Mette K, Ani, Alireza, Appadurai, Vivek, Arbeeva, Liubov, Bhaskar, Seema, Bielak, Lawrence F, Bollepalli, Sailalitha, Bonnycastle, Lori L, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Bradfield, Jonathan P, Bradford, Yuki, Braund, Peter S, Brody, Jennifer A, Burgdorf, Kristoffer S, Cade, Brian E, Cai, Hui, Cai, Qiuyin, Campbell, Archie, Cañadas-Garre, Marisa, Catamo, Eulalia, Chai, Jin-Fang, Chai, Xiaoran, Chang, Li-Ching, Chang, Yi-Cheng, Chen, Chien-Hsiun, Chesi, Alessandra, Choi, Seung Hoan, Chung, Ren-Hua, Cocca, Massimiliano, Concas, Maria Pina, Couture, Christian, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Danning, Rebecca, Daw, E Warwick, Degenhard, Frauke, Delgado, Graciela E, Delitala, Alessandro, Demirkan, Ayse, Deng, Xuan, Devineni, Poornima, Dietl, Alexander, Dimitriou, Maria, Dimitrov, Latchezar, Dorajoo, Rajkumar, Ekici, Arif B, Engmann, Jorgen E, Fairhurst-Hunter, Zammy, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Faul, Jessica D, Fernandez-Lopez, Juan-Carlos, Forer, Lukas, Francescatto, Margherita, Freitag-Wolf, Sandra, Fuchsberger, Christian, Galesloot, Tessel E, Gao, Yan, Gao, Zishan, Geller, Frank, Giannakopoulou, Olga, Giulianini, Franco, Gjesing, Anette P, Goel, Anuj, Gordon, Scott D, Gorski, Mathias, Grove, Jakob, Guo, Xiuqing, Gustafsson, Stefan, Haessler, Jeffrey, Hansen, Thomas F, Havulinna, Aki S, Haworth, Simon J, He, Jing, Heard-Costa, Nancy, Hebbar, Prashantha, Hindy, George, Ho, Yuk-Lam A, Hofer, Edith, Holliday, Elizabeth, Horn, Katrin, Hornsby, Whitney E, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Huang, Hongyan, Huang, Jie, Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia, Huffman, Jennifer E, Hung, Yi-Jen, Huo, Shaofeng, Hwang, Mi Yeong, Iha, Hiroyuki, Ikeda, Daisuke D, Isono, Masato, Jackson, Anne U, Jäger, Susanne, Jansen, Iris E, Johansson, Ingegerd, Jonas, Jost B, Jonsson, Anna, Jørgensen, Torben, Kalafati, Ioanna-Panagiota, Kanai, Masahiro, Kanoni, Stavroula, Kårhus, Line L, Kasturiratne, Anuradhani, Katsuya, Tomohiro, Kawaguchi, Takahisa, Kember, Rachel L, Kentistou, Katherine A, Kim, Han-Na, Kim, Young Jin, Kleber, Marcus E, Knol, Maria J, Kurbasic, Azra, Lauzon, Marie, Le, Phuong, Lea, Rodney, Lee, Jong-Young, Leonard, Hampton L, Li, Shengchao A, Li, Xiaohui, Li, Xiaoyin, Liang, Jingjing, Lin, Honghuang, Lin, Shih-Yi, Liu, Jun, Liu, Xueping, Lo, Ken Sin, Long, Jirong, Lores-Motta, Laura, Luan, Jian'an, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Mahajan, Anubha, Mamakou, Vasiliki, Mangino, Massimo, Manichaikul, Ani, Marten, Jonathan, Mattheisen, Manuel, Mavarani, Laven, McDaid, Aaron F, Meidtner, Karina, Melendez, Tori L, Mercader, Josep M, Milaneschi, Yuri, Miller, Jason E, Millwood, Iona Y, Mishra, Pashupati P, Mitchell, Ruth E, Møllehave, Line T, Morgan, Anna, Mucha, Soeren, Munz, Matthias, Nakatochi, Masahiro, Nelson, Christopher P, Nethander, Maria, Nho, Chu Won, Nielsen, Aneta A, Nolte, Ilja M, Nongmaithem, Suraj S, Noordam, Raymond, Ntalla, Ioanna, Nutile, Teresa, Pandit, Anita, Christofidou, Paraskevi, Pärna, Katri, Pauper, Marc, Petersen, Eva RB, Petersen, Liselotte V, Pitkänen, Niina, Polašek, Ozren, Poveda, Alaitz, Preuss, Michael H, Pyarajan, Saiju, Raffield, Laura M, Rakugi, Hiromi, Ramirez, Julia, Rasheed, Asif, Raven, Dennis, Rayner, Nigel W, Riveros, Carlos, Rohde, Rebecca, Ruggiero, Daniela, Ruotsalainen, Sanni E, Ryan, Kathleen A, Sabater-Lleal, Maria, Saxena, Richa, Scholz, Markus, Sendamarai, Anoop, Shen, Botong, Shi, Jingchunzi, Shin, Jae Hun, Sidore, Carlo, Sitlani, Colleen M, Slieker, Roderick C, Smit, Roelof AJ, Smith, Albert V, Smith, Jennifer A, Smyth, Laura J, Southam, Lorraine, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Sun, Liang, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Tallapragada, Divya Sri Priyanka, Taylor, Kent D, Tayo, Bamidele O, Tcheandjieu, Catherine, Terzikhan, Natalie, Tesolin, Paola, Teumer, Alexander, Theusch, Elizabeth, Thompson, Deborah J, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Timmers, Paul RHJ, Trompet, Stella, Turman, Constance, Vaccargiu, Simona, Van Der Laan, Sander W, Van Der Most, Peter J, Van Klinken, Jan B, Van Setten, Jessica, Verma, Shefali S, Verweij, Niek, Veturi, Yogasudha, Wang, Carol A, Wang, Chaolong, Wang, Lihua, Wang, Zhe, Warren, Helen R, Bin Wei, Wen, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R, Wielscher, Matthias, Wiggins, Kerri L, Winsvold, Bendik S, Wong, Andrew, Wu, Yang, Wuttke, Matthias, Xia, Rui, Xie, Tian, Yamamoto, Ken, Yang, Jingyun, Yao, Jie, Young, Hannah, Yousri, Noha A, Yu, Lei, Zeng, Lingyao, Zhang, Weihua, Zhang, Xinyuan, Zhao, Jing-Hua, Zhao, Wei, Zhou, Wei, Zimmermann, Martina E, Zoledziewska, Magdalena, Adair, Linda S, Adams, Hieab HH, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Al-Mulla, Fahd, Arnett, Donna K, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Attia, John, Banas, Bernhard, Bandinelli, Stefania, Bennett, David A, Bergler, Tobias, Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan, Biino, Ginevra, Bisgaard, Hans, Boerwinkle, Eric, Böger, Carsten A, Bønnelykke, Klaus, Boomsma, Dorret I, Børglum, Anders D, Borja, Judith B, Bouchard, Claude, Bowden, Donald W, Brandslund, Ivan, Brumpton, Ben, Buring, Julie E, Caulfield, Mark J, Chambers, John C, Chandak, Giriraj R, Chanock, Stephen J, Chaturvedi, Nish, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Christophersen, Ingrid E, Ciullo, Marina, Cole, John W, Collins, Francis S, Cooper, Richard S, Cruz, Miguel, Cucca, Francesco, Cupples, L Adrienne, Cutler, Michael J, Damrauer, Scott M, Dantoft, Thomas M, De Borst, Gert J, De Groot, Lisette CPGM, De Jager, Philip L, De Kleijn, Dominique PV, Janaka De Silva, H, Dedoussis, George V, Den Hollander, Anneke I, Du, Shufa, Easton, Douglas F, Elders, Petra JM, Eliassen, A Heather, Ellinor, Patrick T, Elmståhl, Sölve, Erdmann, Jeanette, Evans, Michele K, Fatkin, Diane, Feenstra, Bjarke, Feitosa, Mary F, Ferrucci, Luigi, Ford, Ian, Fornage, Myriam, Franke, Andre, Franks, Paul W, Freedman, Barry I, Gasparini, Paolo, Gieger, Christian, Girotto, Giorgia, Goddard, Michael E, Golightly, Yvonne M, Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Grallert, Harald, Grant, Struan FA, Grarup, Niels, Griffiths, Lyn, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Haiman, Christopher, Hakonarson, Hakon, Hansen, Torben, Hartman, Catharina A, Hattersley, Andrew T, Hayward, Caroline, Heckbert, Susan R, Heng, Chew-Kiat, Hengstenberg, Christian, Hewitt, Alex W, Hishigaki, Haretsugu, Hoyng, Carel B, Huang, Paul L, Huang, Wei, Hunt, Steven C, Hveem, Kristian, Hyppönen, Elina, Iacono, William G, Ichihara, Sahoko, Ikram, M Arfan, Isasi, Carmen R, Jackson, Rebecca D, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jin, Zi-Bing, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Joshi, Peter K, Jousilahti, Pekka, Jukema, J Wouter, Kähönen, Mika, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Kang, Kui Dong, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon LR, Karpe, Fredrik, Kato, Norihiro, Kee, Frank, Kessler, Thorsten, Khera, Amit V, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Kiemeney, Lambertus ALM, Kim, Bong-Jo, Kim, Eung Kweon, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Kirchhof, Paulus, Kivimaki, Mika, Koh, Woon-Puay, Koistinen, Heikki A, Kolovou, Genovefa D, Kooner, Jaspal S, Kooperberg, Charles, Köttgen, Anna, Kovacs, Peter, Kraaijeveld, Adriaan, Kraft, Peter, Krauss, Ronald M, Kumari, Meena, Kutalik, Zoltan, Laakso, Markku, Lange, Leslie A, Langenberg, Claudia, Launer, Lenore J, Le Marchand, Loic, Lee, Hyejin, Lee, Nanette R, Lehtimäki, Terho, Li, Huaixing, Li, Liming, Lieb, Wolfgang, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Jianjun, Loeffler, Markus, London, Barry, Lubitz, Steven A, Lye, Stephen J, Mackey, David A, Mägi, Reedik, Magnusson, Patrik KE, Marcus, Gregory M, Vidal, Pedro Marques, Martin, Nicholas G, 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Roden, Dan M, Rosendaal, Frits R, Rotter, Jerome I, Rudan, Igor, Rutters, Femke, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Saleheen, Danish, Salomaa, Veikko, Samani, Nilesh J, Sanghera, Dharambir K, Sattar, Naveed, Schmidt, Börge, Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, Schulze, Matthias B, Schunkert, Heribert, Scott, Laura J, Scott, Rodney J, Sever, Peter, Shiroma, Eric J, Shoemaker, M Benjamin, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Simonsick, Eleanor M, Sims, Mario, Singh, Jai Rup, Singleton, Andrew B, Sinner, Moritz F, Smith, J Gustav, Snieder, Harold, Spector, Tim D, Stampfer, Meir J, Stark, Klaus J, Strachan, David P, 'T Hart, Leen M, Tabara, Yasuharu, Tang, Hua, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Thanaraj, Thangavel A, Timpson, Nicholas J, Tönjes, Anke, Tremblay, Angelo, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tusié-Luna, Maria-Teresa, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Van Dam, Rob M, Van Der Harst, Pim, Van Der Velde, Nathalie, Van Duijn, Cornelia M, Van Schoor, Natasja M, Vitart, Veronique, Völker, Uwe, Vollenweider, Peter, Völzke, Henry, 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Subjects
multi-ancestry, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Medizin, 45/43, Genome-wide association studies, Sensory disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 12], Linkage Disequilibrium, Gene Frequency, RARE, IMPUTATION, PRACTICAL Consortium, GWAS, genes, ARCHITECTURE, Genome, Human/genetics, Multidisciplinary, Body Height/genetics, HERITABILITY, SCORES, article, Chromosome Mapping, 631/208/721, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, Nutritional Biology, Europe, Phenotype, Gene Frequency/genetics, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], VA Million Veteran Program, Molecular and Laser Physics, dimorphism, blood, lipid, Medical Genetics, Single Nucleotide/genetics, genetic variant, Understanding Society Scientific Group, height, genetic, Haplotypes/genetics, 631/208/205/2138, saturated map, 23andMe Research Team, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), Europe/ethnology, Lifelines Cohort Study, RESOURCE, UK BIOBANK, REVEALS, Life Science, DiscovEHR (DiscovEHR and MyCode Community Health Initiative), Humans, Linkage Disequilibrium/genetics, genomic regions, Polymorphism, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, gene, genetic variants, human height, 631/208/480, VLAG, Medicinsk genetik, eMERGE (Electronic Medical Records and Genomics Network), Genome, Human, Spectroscopy of Cold Molecules, Quantitative traits, Genome, Human/genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Sample Size, Body Height, 3141 Health care science, Haplotypes, Genetic markers, 3111 Biomedicine
Abstract

Common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are predicted to collectively explain 40-50% of phenotypic variation in human height, but identifying the specific variants and associated regions requires huge sample sizes(1). Here, using data from a genome-wide association study of 5.4 million individuals of diverse ancestries, we show that 12,111 independent SNPs that are significantly associated with height account for nearly all of the common SNP-based heritability. These SNPs are clustered within 7,209 non-overlapping genomic segments with a mean size of around 90 kb, covering about 21% of the genome. The density of independent associations varies across the genome and the regions of increased density are enriched for biologically relevant genes. In out-of-sample estimation and prediction, the 12,111 SNPs (or all SNPs in the HapMap 3 panel(2)) account for 40% (45%) of phenotypic variance in populations of European ancestry but only around 10-20% (14-24%) in populations of other ancestries. Effect sizes, associated regions and gene prioritization are similar across ancestries, indicating that reduced prediction accuracy is likely to be explained by linkage disequilibrium and differences in allele frequency within associated regions. Finally, we show that the relevant biological pathways are detectable with smaller sample sizes than are needed to implicate causal genes and variants. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive map of specific genomic regions that contain the vast majority of common height-associated variants. Although this map is saturated for populations of European ancestry, further research is needed to achieve equivalent saturation in other ancestries. A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Published
2022
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24. The power of genetic diversity in genome-wide association studies of lipids

Author

Graham, Sarah E, Clarke, Shoa L, Wu, Kuan-Han H, Kanoni, Stavroula, Zajac, Greg JM, Ramdas, Shweta, Surakka, Ida, Ntalla, Ioanna, Vedantam, Sailaja, Winkler, Thomas W, Locke, Adam E, Marouli, Eirini, Hwang, Mi Yeong, Han, Sohee, Narita, Akira, Choudhury, Ananyo, Bentley, Amy R, Ekoru, Kenneth, Verma, Anurag, Trivedi, Bhavi, Martin, Hilary C, Hunt, Karen A, Hui, Qin, Klarin, Derek, Zhu, Xiang, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Helgadottir, Anna, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, Holm, Hilma, Olafsson, Isleifur, Akiyama, Masato, Sakaue, Saori, Terao, Chikashi, Kanai, Masahiro, Zhou, Wei, Brumpton, Ben M, Rasheed, Humaira, Ruotsalainen, Sanni E, Havulinna, Aki S, Veturi, Yogasudha, Feng, QiPing, Rosenthal, Elisabeth A, Lingren, Todd, Pacheco, Jennifer Allen, Pendergrass, Sarah A, Haessler, Jeffrey, Giulianini, Franco, Bradford, Yuki, Miller, Jason E, Campbell, Archie, Lin, Kuang, Millwood, Iona Y, Hindy, George, Rasheed, Asif, Faul, Jessica D, Zhao, Wei, Weir, David R, Turman, Constance, Huang, Hongyan, Graff, Mariaelisa, Mahajan, Anubha, Brown, Michael R, Zhang, Weihua, Yu, Ketian, Schmidt, Ellen M, Pandit, Anita, Gustafsson, Stefan, Yin, Xianyong, Luan, Jian’an, Zhao, Jing-Hua, Matsuda, Fumihiko, Jang, Hye-Mi, Yoon, Kyungheon, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Pitsillides, Achilleas, Hottenga, Jouke Jan, Willemsen, Gonneke, Wood, Andrew R, Ji, Yingji, Gao, Zishan, Haworth, Simon, Mitchell, Ruth E, Chai, Jin Fang, Aadahl, Mette, Yao, Jie, Manichaikul, Ani, Warren, Helen R, Ramirez, Julia, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Kårhus, Line L, Goel, Anuj, Sabater-Lleal, Maria, Noordam, Raymond, Sidore, Carlo, Fiorillo, Edoardo, McDaid, Aaron F, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Wielscher, Matthias, Trompet, Stella, Sattar, Naveed, Møllehave, Line T, Thuesen, Betina H, Munz, Matthias, Zeng, Lingyao, Huang, Jianfeng, Yang, Bin, Poveda, Alaitz, Kurbasic, Azra, Lamina, Claudia, Forer, Lukas, Scholz, Markus, Galesloot, Tessel E., Bradfield, Jonathan P., Daw, E Warwick, Zmuda, Joseph M, Mitchell, Jonathan S, Fuchsberger, Christian, Christensen, Henry, Brody, Jennifer A, Feitosa, Mary F, Wojczynski, Mary K, Preuss, Michael, Mangino, Massimo, Christofidou, Paraskevi, Verweij, Niek, Benjamins, Jan W, Engmann, Jorgen, Kember, Rachel L, Slieker, Roderick C, Lo, Ken Sin, Zilhao, Nuno R, Le, Phuong, Kleber, Marcus E, Delgado, Graciela E, Huo, Shaofeng, Ikeda, Daisuke D, Iha, Hiroyuki, Yang, Jian, Liu, Jun, Leonard, Hampton L, Marten, Jonathan, Schmidt, Börge, Arendt, Marina, Smyth, Laura J, Cañadas-Garre, Marisa, Wang, Chaolong, Nakatochi, Masahiro, Wong, Andrew, Hutri-Kähönen, Nina, Sim, Xueling, Xia, Rui, Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia, Fernandez-Lopez, Juan Carlos, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Ahmed, Meraj, Jackson, Anne U, Irvin, Marguerite R, Oldmeadow, Christopher, Kim, Han-Na, Ryu, Seungho, Timmers, Paul RHJ, Arbeeva, Liubov, Dorajoo, Rajkumar, Lange, Leslie A, Chai, Xiaoran, Prasad, Gauri, Lorés-Motta, Laura, Pauper, Marc, Long, Jirong, Li, Xiaohui, Theusch, Elizabeth, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Spracklen, Cassandra N, Loukola, Anu, Bollepalli, Sailalitha, Warner, Sophie C, Wang, Ya Xing, Wei, Wen B., Nutile, Teresa, Ruggiero, Daniela, Sung, Yun Ju, Hung, Yi-Jen, Chen, Shufeng, Liu, Fangchao, Yang, Jingyun, Kentistou, Katherine A, Gorski, Mathias, Brumat, Marco, Meidtner, Karina, Bielak, Lawrence F, Smith, Jennifer A, Hebbar, Prashantha, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Hofer, Edith, Lin, Maoxuan, Xue, Chao, Zhang, Jifeng, Concas, Maria Pina, Vaccargiu, Simona, van der Most, Peter J, Pitkänen, Niina, Cade, Brian E, Lee, Jiwon, van der Laan, Sander W., Chitrala, Kumaraswamy Naidu, Weiss, Stefan, Zimmermann, Martina E, Lee, Jong Young, Choi, Hyeok Sun, Nethander, Maria, Freitag-Wolf, Sandra, Southam, Lorraine, Rayner, Nigel W, Wang, Carol A, Lin, Shih-Yi, Wang, Jun-Sing, Couture, Christian, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Nikus, Kjell, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Vestergaard, Henrik, Hildalgo, Bertha, Giannakopoulou, Olga, Cai, Qiuyin, Obura, Morgan O, van Setten, Jessica, Li, Xiaoyin, Schwander, Karen, Terzikhan, Natalie, Shin, Jae Hun, Jackson, Rebecca D, Reiner, Alexander P, Martin, Lisa Warsinger, Chen, Zhengming, Li, Liming, Highland, Heather M, Young, Kristin L, Kawaguchi, Takahisa, Thiery, Joachim, Bis, Joshua C, Nadkarni, Girish N., Launer, Lenore J, Li, Huaixing, Nalls, Mike A, Raitakari, Olli T, Ichihara, Sahoko, Wild, Sarah H, Nelson, Christopher P, Campbell, Harry, Jäger, Susanne, Nabika, Toru, Al-Mulla, Fahd, Niinikoski, Harri, Braund, Peter S, Kolcic, Ivana, Kovacs, Peter, Giardoglou, Tota, Katsuya, Tomohiro, Bhatti, Konain Fatima, de Kleijn, Dominique, de Borst, Gert J., Kim, Eung Kweon, Adams, Hieab H.H., Ikram, M. Arfan, Zhu, Xiaofeng, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Kraaijeveld, Adriaan O, Beulens, Joline WJ, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Rallidis, Loukianos S, Pedersen, Oluf, Hansen, Torben, Mitchell, Paul, Hewitt, Alex W, Kähönen, Mika, Pérusse, Louis, Bouchard, Claude, Tönjes, Anke, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Pennell, Craig E, Mori, Trevor A, Lieb, Wolfgang, Franke, Andre, Ohlsson, Claes, Mellström, Dan, Cho, Yoon Shin, Lee, Hyejin, Yuan, Jian-Min, Koh, Woon-Puay, Rhee, Sang Youl, Woo, Jeong-Taek, Heid, Iris M, Stark, Klaus J, Völzke, Henry, Homuth, Georg, Evans, Michele K, Zonderman, Alan B, Polasek, Ozren, Pasterkamp, Gerard, Hoefer, Imo E, Redline, Susan, Pahkala, Katja, Oldehinkel, Albertine J, Snieder, Harold, Biino, Ginevra, Schmidt, Reinhold, Schmidt, Helena, Chen, Y Eugene, Bandinelli, Stefania, Dedoussis, George, Thanaraj, Thangavel Alphonse, Kardia, Sharon LR, Kato, Norihiro, Schulze, Matthias B, Girotto, Giorgia, Jung, Bettina, Böger, Carsten A, Joshi, Peter K, Bennett, David A, De Jager, Philip L, Lu, Xiangfeng, Mamakou, Vasiliki, Brown, Morris, Caulfield, Mark J, Munroe, Patricia B, Guo, Xiuqing, Ciullo, Marina, Jonas, Jost B., Samani, Nilesh J, Chasman, Daniel I., Kaprio, Jaakko, Pajukanta, Päivi, Tusié-Luna, Teresa, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Adair, Linda S, Bechayda, Sonny Augustin, de Silva, H. Janaka, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R, Krauss, Ronald M, Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Zheng, Wei, den Hollander, Anneke I, Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan, Correa, Adolfo, Wilson, James G, Lind, Lars, Heng, Chew-Kiat, Nelson, Amanda E, Golightly, Yvonne M, Wilson, James F, Penninx, Brenda, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney J, Rao, D C, Arnett, Donna K, Walker, Mark, Koistinen, Heikki A, Chandak, Giriraj R, Yajnik, Chittaranjan S, Mercader, Josep M, Tusie-Luna, Teresa, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos, Villalpando, Clicerio Gonzalez, Orozco, Lorena, Fornage, Myriam, Tai, E Shyong, van Dam, Rob M, Lehtimäki, Terho, Chaturvedi, Nish, Yokota, Mitsuhiro, Liu, Jianjun, Reilly, Dermot F, McKnight, Amy Jayne, Kee, Frank, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, McCarthy, Mark I, Palmer, Colin NA, Vitart, Veronique, Hayward, Caroline, Simonsick, Eleanor, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Lu, Fan, Qu, Jia, Hishigaki, Haretsugu, Lin, Xu, März, Winfried, Parra, Esteban J, Cruz, Miguel, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Lettre, Guillaume, Hart, Leen M t, Elders, Petra JM, Rader, Daniel J, Damrauer, Scott M, Kumari, Meena, Kivimaki, Mika, van der Harst, Pim, Spector, Tim D, Loos, Ruth J.F., Province, Michael A, Psaty, Bruce M, Brandslund, Ivan, Pramstaller, Peter P, Christensen, Kaare, Ripatti, Samuli, Widén, Elisabeth, Hakonarson, Hakon, Grant, Struan F.A., Kiemeney, Lambertus ALM, de Graaf, Jacqueline, Loeffler, Markus, Kronenberg, Florian, Gu, Dongfeng, Erdmann, Jeanette, Schunkert, Heribert, Franks, Paul W, Linneberg, Allan, Jukema, J. Wouter, Khera, Amit V, Männikkö, Minna, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Kutalik, Zoltan, Cucca, Francesco, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O, van Dijk, Ko Willems, Watkins, Hugh, Strachan, David P, Grarup, Niels, Sever, Peter, Poulter, Neil, Rotter, Jerome I, Dantoft, Thomas M, Karpe, Fredrik, Neville, Matt J, Timpson, Nicholas J, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Wong, Tien-Yin, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Peters, Annette, Gieger, Christian, Hattersley, Andrew T, Pedersen, Nancy L, Magnusson, Patrik KE, Boomsma, Dorret I, de Geus, Eco JC, Cupples, L Adrienne, van Meurs, Joyce B.J., Ghanbari, Mohsen, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Huang, Wei, Kim, Young Jin, Tabara, Yasuharu, Wareham, Nicholas J, Langenberg, Claudia, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Ingelsson, Erik, Abecasis, Goncalo, Chambers, John C, Kooner, Jaspal S, de Vries, Paul S, Morrison, Alanna C, North, Kari E., Daviglus, Martha, Kraft, Peter, Martin, Nicholas G, Whitfield, John B, Abbas, Shahid, Saleheen, Danish, Walters, Robin G, Holmes, Michael V, Black, Corri, Smith, Blair H, Justice, Anne E, Baras, Aris, Buring, Julie E, Ridker, Paul M, Chasman, Daniel I, Kooperberg, Charles, Wei, Wei-Qi, Jarvik, Gail P, Namjou, Bahram, Hayes, M. Geoffrey, Ritchie, Marylyn D, Jousilahti, Pekka, Salomaa, Veikko, Hveem, Kristian, Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Kubo, Michiaki, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Okada, Yukinori, Murakami, Yoshinori, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Stefansson, Kari, Ho, Yuk-Lam, Lynch, Julie A, Rader, Daniel, Tsao, Phil S, Chang, Kyong-Mi, Cho, Kelly, O’Donnell, Christopher J, Gaziano, John M, Wilson, Peter, Rotimi, Charles N, Hazelhurst, Scott, Ramsay, Michèle, Trembath, Richard C, van Heel, David A, Tamiya, Gen, Yamamoto, Masayuki, Kim, Bong-Jo, Mohlke, Karen L, Frayling, Timothy M, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Kathiresan, Sekar, Boehnke, Michael, Natarajan, Pradeep, Peloso, Gina M, Brown, Christopher D, Morris, Andrew P, Assimes, Themistocles L, Deloukas, Panos, Sun, Yan V, Willer, Cristen J, VA Million Veteran Program, Global Lipids Genetics Consortium, Internal Medicine, Epidemiology, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Graham, S. E., Clarke, S. L., Wu, K. -H. H., Kanoni, S., Zajac, G. J. M., Ramdas, S., Surakka, I., Ntalla, I., Vedantam, S., Winkler, T. W., Locke, A. E., Marouli, E., Hwang, M. Y., Han, S., Narita, A., Choudhury, A., Bentley, A. R., Ekoru, K., Verma, A., Trivedi, B., Martin, H. C., Hunt, K. A., Hui, Q., Klarin, D., Zhu, X., Thorleifsson, G., Helgadottir, A., Gudbjartsson, D. F., Holm, H., Olafsson, I., Akiyama, M., Sakaue, S., Terao, C., Kanai, M., Zhou, W., Brumpton, B. M., Rasheed, H., Ruotsalainen, S. E., Havulinna, A. S., Veturi, Y., Feng, Q. P., Rosenthal, E. A., Lingren, T., Pacheco, J. A., Pendergrass, S. A., Haessler, J., Giulianini, F., Bradford, Y., Miller, J. E., Campbell, A., Lin, K., Millwood, I. Y., Hindy, G., Rasheed, A., Faul, J. D., Zhao, W., Weir, D. R., Turman, C., Huang, H., Graff, M., Mahajan, A., Brown, M. R., Zhang, W., Yu, K., Schmidt, E. M., Pandit, A., Gustafsson, S., Yin, X., Luan, J., Zhao, J. -H., Matsuda, F., Jang, H. -M., Yoon, K., Medina-Gomez, C., Pitsillides, A., Hottenga, J. J., Willemsen, G., Wood, A. R., Ji, Y., Gao, Z., Haworth, S., Mitchell, R. E., Chai, J. F., Aadahl, M., Yao, J., Manichaikul, A., Warren, H. R., Ramirez, J., Bork-Jensen, J., Karhus, L. L., Goel, A., Sabater-Lleal, M., Noordam, R., Sidore, C., Fiorillo, E., Mcdaid, A. F., Marques-Vidal, P., Wielscher, M., Trompet, S., Sattar, N., Mollehave, L. T., Thuesen, B. H., Munz, M., Zeng, L., Huang, J., Yang, B., Poveda, A., Kurbasic, A., Lamina, C., Forer, L., Scholz, M., Galesloot, T. E., Bradfield, J. P., Daw, E. W., Zmuda, J. M., Mitchell, J. S., Fuchsberger, C., Christensen, H., Brody, J. A., Feitosa, M. F., Wojczynski, M. K., Preuss, M., Mangino, M., Christofidou, P., Verweij, N., Benjamins, J. W., Engmann, J., Kember, R. L., Slieker, R. C., Lo, K. S., Zilhao, N. R., Le, P., Kleber, M. E., Delgado, G. E., Huo, S., Ikeda, D. D., Iha, H., Yang, J., Liu, J., Leonard, H. L., Marten, J., Schmidt, B., Arendt, M., Smyth, L. J., Canadas-Garre, M., Wang, C., Nakatochi, M., Wong, A., Hutri-Kahonen, N., Sim, X., Xia, R., Huerta-Chagoya, A., Fernandez-Lopez, J. C., Lyssenko, V., Ahmed, M., Jackson, A. U., Irvin, M. R., Oldmeadow, C., Kim, H. -N., Ryu, S., Timmers, P. R. H. J., Arbeeva, L., Dorajoo, R., Lange, L. A., Chai, X., Prasad, G., Lores-Motta, L., Pauper, M., Long, J., Li, X., Theusch, E., Takeuchi, F., Spracklen, C. N., Loukola, A., Bollepalli, S., Warner, S. C., Wang, Y. X., Wei, W. B., Nutile, T., Ruggiero, D., Sung, Y. J., Hung, Y. -J., Chen, S., Liu, F., Kentistou, K. A., Gorski, M., Brumat, M., Meidtner, K., Bielak, L. F., Smith, J. A., Hebbar, P., Farmaki, A. -E., Hofer, E., Lin, M., Xue, C., Zhang, J., Concas, M. P., Vaccargiu, S., van der Most, P. J., Pitkanen, N., Cade, B. E., Lee, J., van der Laan, S. W., Chitrala, K. N., Weiss, S., Zimmermann, M. E., Lee, J. Y., Choi, H. S., Nethander, M., Freitag-Wolf, S., Southam, L., Rayner, N. W., Wang, C. A., Lin, S. -Y., Wang, J. -S., Couture, C., Lyytikainen, L. -P., Nikus, K., Cuellar-Partida, G., Vestergaard, H., Hildalgo, B., Giannakopoulou, O., Cai, Q., Obura, M. O., van Setten, J., Schwander, K., Terzikhan, N., Shin, J. H., Jackson, R. D., Reiner, A. P., Martin, L. W., Chen, Z., Li, L., Highland, H. M., Young, K. L., Kawaguchi, T., Thiery, J., Bis, J. C., Nadkarni, G. N., Launer, L. J., Li, H., Nalls, M. A., Raitakari, O. T., Ichihara, S., Wild, S. H., Nelson, C. P., Campbell, H., Jager, S., Nabika, T., Al-Mulla, F., Niinikoski, H., Braund, P. S., Kolcic, I., Kovacs, P., Giardoglou, T., Katsuya, T., Bhatti, K. F., de Kleijn, D., de Borst, G. J., Kim, E. K., Adams, H. H. H., Ikram, M. A., Asselbergs, F. W., Kraaijeveld, A. O., Beulens, J. W. J., Shu, X. -O., Rallidis, L. S., Pedersen, O., Hansen, T., Mitchell, P., Hewitt, A. W., Kahonen, M., Perusse, L., Bouchard, C., Tonjes, A., Chen, Y. -D. I., Pennell, C. E., Mori, T. A., Lieb, W., Franke, A., Ohlsson, C., Mellstrom, D., Cho, Y. S., Lee, H., Yuan, J. -M., Koh, W. -P., Rhee, S. Y., Woo, J. -T., Heid, I. M., Stark, K. J., Volzke, H., Homuth, G., Evans, M. K., Zonderman, A. B., Polasek, O., Pasterkamp, G., Hoefer, I. E., Redline, S., Pahkala, K., Oldehinkel, A. J., Snieder, H., Biino, G., Schmidt, R., Schmidt, H., Chen, Y. E., Bandinelli, S., Dedoussis, G., Thanaraj, T. A., Kardia, S. L. R., Kato, N., Schulze, M. B., Girotto, G., Jung, B., Boger, C. A., Joshi, P. K., Bennett, D. A., De Jager, P. L., Lu, X., Mamakou, V., Brown, M., Caulfield, M. J., Munroe, P. B., Guo, X., Ciullo, M., Jonas, J. B., Samani, N. J., Kaprio, J., Pajukanta, P., Adair, L. S., Bechayda, S. A., de Silva, H. J., Wickremasinghe, A. R., Krauss, R. M., Wu, J. -Y., Zheng, W., den Hollander, A. I., Bharadwaj, D., Correa, A., Wilson, J. G., Lind, L., Heng, C. -K., Nelson, A. E., Golightly, Y. M., Wilson, J. F., Penninx, B., Kim, H. -L., Attia, J., Scott, R. J., Rao, D. C., Arnett, D. K., Walker, M., Koistinen, H. A., Chandak, G. R., Yajnik, C. S., Mercader, J. M., Tusie-Luna, T., Aguilar-Salinas, C. A., Villalpando, C. G., Orozco, L., Fornage, M., Tai, E. S., van Dam, R. M., Lehtimaki, T., Chaturvedi, N., Yokota, M., Reilly, D. F., Mcknight, A. J., Kee, F., Jockel, K. -H., Mccarthy, M. I., Palmer, C. N. A., Vitart, V., Hayward, C., Simonsick, E., van Duijn, C. M., Lu, F., Qu, J., Hishigaki, H., Lin, X., Marz, W., Parra, E. J., Cruz, M., Gudnason, V., Tardif, J. -C., Lettre, G., 't Hart, L. M., Elders, P. J. M., Damrauer, S. M., Kumari, M., Kivimaki, M., van der Harst, P., Spector, T. D., Loos, R. J. F., Province, M. A., Psaty, B. M., Brandslund, I., Pramstaller, P. P., Christensen, K., Ripatti, S., Widen, E., Hakonarson, H., Grant, S. F. A., Kiemeney, L. A. L. M., de Graaf, J., Loeffler, M., Kronenberg, F., Gu, D., Erdmann, J., Schunkert, H., Franks, P. W., Linneberg, A., Jukema, J. W., Khera, A. V., Mannikko, M., Jarvelin, M. -R., Kutalik, Z., Cucca, F., Mook-Kanamori, D. O., van Dijk, K. W., Watkins, H., Strachan, D. P., Grarup, N., Sever, P., Poulter, N., Rotter, J. I., Dantoft, T. M., Karpe, F., Neville, M. J., Timpson, N. J., Cheng, C. -Y., Wong, T. -Y., Khor, C. C., Sabanayagam, C., Peters, A., Gieger, C., Hattersley, A. T., Pedersen, N. L., Magnusson, P. K. E., Boomsma, D. I., de Geus, E. J. C., Cupples, L. A., van Meurs, J. B. J., Ghanbari, M., Gordon-Larsen, P., Huang, W., Kim, Y. J., Tabara, Y., Wareham, N. J., Langenberg, C., Zeggini, E., Kuusisto, J., Laakso, M., Ingelsson, E., Abecasis, G., Chambers, J. C., Kooner, J. S., de Vries, P. S., Morrison, A. C., North, K. E., Daviglus, M., Kraft, P., Martin, N. G., Whitfield, J. B., Abbas, S., Saleheen, D., Walters, R. G., Holmes, M. V., Black, C., Smith, B. H., Justice, A. E., Baras, A., Buring, J. E., Ridker, P. M., Chasman, D. I., Kooperberg, C., Wei, W. -Q., Jarvik, G. P., Namjou, B., Hayes, M. G., Ritchie, M. D., Jousilahti, P., Salomaa, V., Hveem, K., Asvold, B. O., Kubo, M., Kamatani, Y., Okada, Y., Murakami, Y., Thorsteinsdottir, U., Stefansson, K., Ho, Y. -L., Lynch, J. A., Rader, D. J., Tsao, P. S., Chang, K. -M., Cho, K., O'Donnell, C. J., Gaziano, J. M., Wilson, P., Rotimi, C. N., Hazelhurst, S., Ramsay, M., Trembath, R. C., van Heel, D. A., Tamiya, G., Yamamoto, M., Kim, B. -J., Mohlke, K. L., Frayling, T. M., Hirschhorn, J. N., Kathiresan, S., Boehnke, M., Natarajan, P., Peloso, G. M., Brown, C. D., Morris, A. P., Assimes, T. L., Deloukas, P., Sun, Y. V., Willer, C. J., Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Biological Psychology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Personalized Medicine, APH - Mental Health, APH - Methodology, AMS - Ageing & Vitality, and AMS - Sports

Subjects
blood lipid level, Multifactorial Inheritance, GWAS, blood lipid levels, cardiovascular disease, Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 16], Medizin, LOCI, ANCESTRY, VARIANTS, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Linkage Disequilibrium, Sensory disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 12], Article, Population Groups, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, METAANALYSIS, POLYMORPHISMS, RISK, Multidisciplinary, Cardiovascular Diseases, Genome-Wide Association Study, Cardiovascular Diseases/genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study/methods, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics, CHOLESTEROL, Human Genetics, INDIVIDUALS, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], DISCOVERY, LOW-FREQUENCY, Delivery of Health Care
Abstract

Increased blood lipid levels are heritable risk factors of cardiovascular disease with varied prevalence worldwide owing to different dietary patterns and medication use 1 . Despite advances in prevention and treatment, in particular through reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels 2 , heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide 3 . Genome-wideassociation studies (GWAS) of blood lipid levels have led to important biological and clinical insights, as well as new drug targets, for cardiovascular disease. However, most previous GWAS 4-23 have been conducted in European ancestry populations and may have missed genetic variants that contribute to lipid-level variation in other ancestry groups. These include differences in allele frequencies, effect sizes and linkage-disequilibrium patterns 24 . Here we conduct a multi-ancestry, genome-wide genetic discovery meta-analysis of lipid levels in approximately 1.65 million individuals, including 350,000 of non-European ancestries. We quantify the gain in studying non-European ancestries and provide evidence to support the expansion of recruitment of additional ancestries, even with relatively small sample sizes. We find that increasing diversity rather than studying additional individuals of European ancestry results in substantial improvements in fine-mapping functional variants and portability of polygenic prediction (evaluated in approximately 295,000 individuals from 7 ancestry groupings). Modest gains in the number of discovered loci and ancestry-specific variants were also achieved. As GWAS expand emphasis beyond the identification of genes and fundamental biology towards the use of genetic variants for preventive and precision medicine 25 , we anticipate that increased diversity of participants will lead to more accurate and equitable 26 application of polygenic scores in clinical practice.

Published
2021
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25. Subsequent Event Risk in Individuals With Established Coronary Heart Disease Design and Rationale of the GENIUS-CHD Consortium

Author

Patel, Riyaz, Tragante, Vinicius, Schmidt, Amand F., McCubrey, Raymond O., Holmes, Michael V., Howe, Laurence J., Direk, Kenan, Åkerblom, Axel, Leander, Karin, Virani, Salim S., Kaminski, Karol A., Muehlschlegel, Jochen D., Allayee, Hooman, Almgren, Peter, Alver, Maris, Baranova, Ekaterina V., Behlouli, Hassan, Boeckx, Bram, Braund, Peter S., Breitling, Lutz P., Delgado, Graciela, Duarte, Nubia E., Dubé, Marie-Pierre, Dufresne, Line, Eriksson, Niclas, Foco, Luisa, Scholz, Markus, Gijsberts, Crystel M., Glinge, Charlotte, Gong, Yan, Hartiala, Jaana, Heydarpour, Mahyar, Hubacek, Jaroslav A., Kleber, Marcus, Kofink, Daniel, Kotti, Salma, Kuukasjärvi, Pekka, Lee, Vei-Vei, Leiherer, Andreas, Lenzini, Petra A., Levin, Daniel, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Martinelli, Nicola, Mons, Ute, Nelson, Christopher P., Nikus, Kjell, Pilbrow, Anna P., Ploski, Rafal, Sun, Yan V., Tanck, Michael W.T., Tang, W H Wilson, Trompet, Stella, van der Laan, Sander W., Van Setten, Jessica, Vilmundarson, Ragnar O., Viviani Anselmi, Chiara, Vlachopoulou, Efthymia, Al Ali, Lawien, Boerwinkle, Eric, Briguori, Carlo, Carlquist, John F., Carruthers, Kathryn F., Casu, Gavino, Deanfield, John, Deloukas, Panos, Dudbridge, Frank, Engström, Thomas, Fitzpatrick, Natalie, Fox, Kim, Gigante, Bruna, James, Stefan, Lokki, Marja-Liisa, Lotufo, Paulo A., Marziliano, Nicola, Mordi, Ify R., Muhlestein, Joseph B., Newton-Cheh, Christopher, Pitha, Jan, Saely, Christoph H., Samman-Tahhan, Ayman, Sandesara, Pratik B., Teren, Andrej, Timmis, Adam, Van de Werf, Frans, Wauters, Els, Wilde, Arthur A.M., Ford, Ian, Stott, David J., Algra, Ale, Andreassi, Maria G., Ardissino, Diego, Arsenault, Benoit J., Ballantyne, Christie M., Bergmeijer, Thomas O., Bezzina, Connie R., Body, Simon C., Boersma, Eric H., Bogaty, Peter, Bots, Michiel, Brenner, Hermann, Brugts, Jasper J., Burkhardt, Ralph, Carpeggiani, Clara, Condorelli, Gianluigi, Cooper-DeHoff, Rhonda M., Cresci, Sharon, Danchin, Nicolas, de Faire, Ulf, Doughty, Robert N., Drexel, Heinz, Engert, James C., Fox, Keith A.A., Girelli, Domenico, Grobbee, Diederick E., Hagström, Emil, Hazen, Stanley L., Held, Claes, Hemingway, Harry, Hoefer, Imo E., Hovingh, G. Kees, Jabbari, Reza, Johnson, Julie A., Jukema, J. Wouter, Kaczor, Marcin P., Kähönen, Mika, Kettner, Jiri, Kiliszek, Marek, Klungel, Olaf H., Lagerqvist, Bo, Lambrechts, Diether, Laurikka, Jari O., Lehtimäki, Terho, Lindholm, Daniel, Mahmoodi, B.K., Maitland-van der Zee, Anke H., McPherson, Ruth, Melander, Olle, Metspalu, Andres, Niemcunowicz-Janica, Anna, Olivieri, Oliviero, Opolski, Grzegorz, Palmer, Colin N., Pasterkamp, Gerard, Pepine, Carl J., Pereira, Alexandre C., Pilote, Louise, Quyyumi, Arshed A., Richards, A. Mark, Sanak, Marek, Siegbahn, Agneta, Simon, Tabassome, Sinisalo, Juha, Smith, J. Gustav, Spertus, John A., Stender, Steen, Stewart, Alexandre F.R., Szczeklik, Wojciech, Szpakowicz, Anna, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Ten Berg, Jurriën M., Tfelt-Hansen, Jacob, Thanassoulis, George, Thiery, Joachim, Torp-Pedersen, Christian, van der Graaf, Yolanda, Visseren, Frank L.J., Waltenberger, Johannes, Weeke, Peter E., Van der Harst, Pim, Lang, Chim C., Sattar, Naveed, Cameron, Vicky A., Anderson, Jeffrey L., Brophy, James M., Paré, Guillaume, Horne, Benjamin D., März, Winfried, Wallentin, Lars, Samani, Nilesh J., Hingorani, Aroon D., Asselbergs, Folkert W., and Cardiovascular Centre (CVC)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY, Coronary Disease, BIOBANK, Article, Sex Factors, Risk Factors, Journal Article, Humans, ARTERY-DISEASE, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, genetics, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Genetics & Heredity, Kardiologi, Science & Technology, Smoking, Age Factors, Middle Aged, BODY-MASS INDEX, myocardial infarction, MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION, PUBLIC-HEALTH, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, Female, prognosis, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, coronary artery disease, secondary prevention
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The Genetics of Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease (GENIUS-CHD) consortium was established to facilitate discovery and validation of genetic variants and biomarkers for risk of subsequent CHD events, in individuals with established CHD. METHODS: The consortium currently includes 57 studies from 18 countries, recruiting 185 614 participants with either acute coronary syndrome, stable CHD, or a mixture of both at baseline. All studies collected biological samples and followed-up study participants prospectively for subsequent events. RESULTS: Enrollment into the individual studies took place between 1985 to present day with a duration of follow-up ranging from 9 months to 15 years. Within each study, participants with CHD are predominantly of self-reported European descent (38%-100%), mostly male (44%-91%) with mean ages at recruitment ranging from 40 to 75 years. Initial feasibility analyses, using a federated analysis approach, yielded expected associations between age (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.14-1.16) per 5-year increase, male sex (hazard ratio, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.13-1.21) and smoking (hazard ratio, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.35-1.51) with risk of subsequent CHD death or myocardial infarction and differing associations with other individual and composite cardiovascular endpoints. CONCLUSIONS: GENIUS-CHD is a global collaboration seeking to elucidate genetic and nongenetic determinants of subsequent event risk in individuals with established CHD, to improve residual risk prediction and identify novel drug targets for secondary prevention. Initial analyses demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of a federated analysis approach. The consortium now plans to initiate and test novel hypotheses as well as supporting replication and validation analyses for other investigators. ispartof: CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE vol:12 issue:4 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2019
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26. Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height

Author

Marouli, Eirini, Graff, Mariaelisa, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Lo, Ken Sin, Wood, Andrew R, Kjaer, Troels R, Fine, Rebecca S, Lu, Yingchang, Schurmann, Claudia, Highland, Heather M, Rueger, Sina, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Justice, Anne E, Lamparter, David, Stirrups, Kathleen E, Turcot, Valerie, Young, Kristin L, Winkler, Thomas W, Esko, Tonu, Karaderi, Tugce, Locke, Adam E, Masca, Nicholas GD, Ng, Maggie CY, Mudgal, Poorva, Rivas, Manuel A, Vedantam, Sailaja, Mahajan, Anubha, Guo, Xiuqing, Abecasis, Goncalo, Aben, Katja K, Adair, Linda S, Alam, Dewan S, Albrecht, Eva, Allin, Kristine H, Allison, Matthew, Amouyel, Philippe, Appel, Emil V, Arveiler, Dominique, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Auer, Paul L, Balkau, Beverley, Banas, Bernhard, Bang, Lia E, Benn, Marianne, Bergmann, Sven, Bielak, Lawrence F, Blueher, Matthias, Boeing, Heiner, Boerwinkle, Eric, Boeger, Carsten A, Bonnycastle, Lori L, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Bots, Michiel L, Bottinger, Erwin P, Bowden, Donald W, Brandslund, Ivan, Breen, Gerome, Brilliant, Murray H, Broer, Linda, Burt, Amber A, Butterworth, Adam S, Carey, David J, Caulfield, Mark J, Chambers, John C, Chasman, Daniel I, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Cramer, Chu, Audrey Y, Cocca, Massimiliano, Collins, Francis S, Cook, James P, Corley, Janie, Galbany, Jordi Corominas, Cox, Amanda J, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Danesh, John, Davies, Gail, de Bakker, Paul IW, de Borst, Gert J, de Denus, Simon, de Groot, Mark CH, de Mutsert, Renee, Deary, Ian J, Dedoussis, George, Demerath, Ellen W, den Hollander, Anneke I, Dennis, Joe G, Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Drenos, Fotios, Du, Mengmeng, Dunning, Alison M, Easton, Douglas F, Ebeling, Tapani, Edwards, Todd L, Ellinor, Patrick T, Elliott, Paul, Evangelou, Evangelos, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Faul, Jessica D, Feitosa, Mary F, Feng, Shuang, Ferrannini, Ele, Ferrario, Marco M, Ferrieres, Jean, Florez, Jose C, Ford, Ian, Fornage, Myriam, Franks, Paul W, Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth, Galesloot, Tessel E, Gan, Wei, Gandin, Ilaria, Gasparini, Paolo, Giedraitis, Vilmantas, Giri, Ayush, Girotto, Giorgia, Gordon, Scott D, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Gorski, Mathias, Grarup, Niels, Grove, Megan L, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Gustafsson, Stefan, Hansen, Torben, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Harris, Tamara B, Hattersley, Andrew T, Hayward, Caroline, He, Liang, Heid, Iris M, Heikkila, Kauko, Helgeland, Oyvind, Hernesniemi, Jussi, Hewitt, Alex W, Hocking, Lynne J, Hollensted, Mette, Holmen, Oddgeir L, Hovingh, G Kees, Howson, Joanna MM, Hoyng, Carel B, Huang, Paul L, Hveem, Kristian, Ikram, M Arfan, Ingelsson, Erik, Jackson, Anne U, Jansson, Jan-Hakan, Jarvik, Gail P, Jensen, Gorm B, Jhun, Min A, Jia, Yucheng, Jiang, Xuejuan, Johansson, Stefan, Jorgensen, Marit E, Jorgensen, Torben, Jousilahti, Pekka, Jukema, J Wouter, Kahali, Bratati, Kahn, Rene S, Kahonen, Mika, Kamstrup, Pia R, Kanoni, Stavroula, Kaprio, Jaakko, Karaleftheri, Maria, Kardia, Sharon LR, Karpe, Fredrik, Kee, Frank, Keeman, Renske, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Kitajima, Hidetoshi, Kluivers, Kirsten B, Kocher, Thomas, Komulainen, Pirjo, Kontto, Jukka, Kooner, Jaspal S, Kooperberg, Charles, Kovacs, Peter, Kriebel, Jennifer, Kuivaniemi, Helena, Kury, Sebastien, Kuusisto, Johanna, La Bianca, Martina, Laakso, Markku, Lakka, Timo A, Lange, Ethan M, Lange, Leslie A, Langefeld, Carl D, Langenberg, Claudia, Larson, Eric B, Lee, I-Te, Lehtimaki, Terho, Lewis, Cora E, Li, Huaixing, Li, Jin, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lin, Honghuang, Lin, Li-An, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Lindstrom, Jaana, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Yeheng, Liu, Yongmei, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Luan, Jian'an, Lubitz, Steven A, Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka, Mackey, David A, Madden, Pamela AF, Manning, Alisa K, Mannisto, Satu, Marenne, Gaelle, Marten, Jonathan, Martin, Nicholas G, Mazul, Angela L, Meidtner, Karina, Metspalu, Andres, Mitchell, Paul, Mohlke, Karen L, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O, Morgan, Anna, Morris, Andrew D, Morris, Andrew P, Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina, Munroe, Patricia B, Nalls, Mike A, Nauck, Matthias, Nelson, Christopher P, Neville, Matt, Nielsen, Sune F, Nikus, Kjell, Njolstad, Pal R, Nordestgaard, Borge G, Ntalla, Ioanna, O'Connel, Jeffrey R, Oksa, Heikki, Loohuis, Loes M Olde, Ophoff, Roel A, Owen, Katharine R, Packard, Chris J, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Palmer, Colin NA, Pasterkamp, Gerard, Patel, Aniruddh P, Pattie, Alison, Pedersen, Oluf, Peissig, Peggy L, Peloso, Gina M, Pennell, Craig E, Perola, Markus, Perry, James A, Perry, John RB, Person, Thomas N, Pirie, Ailith, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Raitakari, Olli T, Rasheed, Asif, Rauramaa, Rainer, Reilly, Dermot F, Reiner, Alex P, Renstrom, Frida, Ridker, Paul M, Rioux, John D, Robertson, Neil, Robino, Antonietta, Rolandsson, Olov, Rudan, Igor, Ruth, Katherine S, Saleheen, Danish, Salomaa, Veikko, Samani, Nilesh J, Sandow, Kevin, Sapkota, Yadav, Sattar, Naveed, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Schreiner, Pamela J, Schulze, Matthias B, Scott, Robert A, Segura-Lepe, Marcelo P, Shah, Svati, Sim, Xueling, Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh, Small, Kerrin S, Smith, Albert Vernon, Smith, Jennifer A, Southam, Lorraine, Spector, Timothy D, Speliotes, Elizabeth K, Starr, John M, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Stringham, Heather M, Stumvoll, Michael, Surendran, Praveen, 't Hart, Leen M, Tansey, Katherine E, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Taylor, Kent D, Teumer, Alexander, Thompson, Deborah J, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thuesen, Betina H, Toenjes, Anke, Tromp, Gerard, Trompet, Stella, Tsafantakis, Emmanouil, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Uher, Rudolf, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Ulivi, Sheila, van der Laan, Sander W, Van Der Leij, Andries R, van Duijn, Cornelia M, van Schoor, Natasja M, van Setten, Jessica, Varbo, Anette, Varga, Tibor V, Varma, Rohit, Edwards, Digna R Velez, Vermeulen, Sita H, Vestergaard, Henrik, Vitart, Veronique, Vogt, Thomas F, Vozzi, Diego, Walker, Mark, Wang, Feijie, Wang, Carol A, Wang, Shuai, Wang, Yiqin, Wareham, Nicholas J, Warren, Helen R, Wessel, Jennifer, Willems, Sara M, Wilson, James G, Witte, Daniel R, Woods, Michael O, Wu, Ying, Yaghootkar, Hanieh, Yao, Jie, Yao, Pang, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M, Young, Robin, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zhan, Xiaowei, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing Hua, Zhao, Wei, Zheng, He, Zhou, Wei, Rotter, Jerome I, Boehnke, Michael, Kathiresan, Sekar, McCarthy, Mark I, Willer, Cristen J, Stefansson, Kari, Borecki, Ingrid B, Liu, Dajiang J, North, Kari E, Heard-Costa, Nancy L, Pers, Tune H, Lindgren, Cecilia M, Oxvig, Claus, Kutalik, Zoltan, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Loos, Ruth JF, Frayling, Timothy M, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Deloukas, Panos, Lettre, Guillaume, Consortium, EPIC-InterAct, Consortium, EPIC-CVD, Consortium, CHD Exome, Consortium, ExomeBP, Consortium, T2D-Genes, Consortium, GoT2D Genes, Consortium, Global Lipids Genetics, Consortium, ReproGen, Investigators, MAGIC, Marouli, Eirini, Graff, Mariaelisa, Medina Gomez, Carolina, Lo, Ken Sin, Wood, Andrew R., Kjaer, Troels R., Fine, Rebecca S., Lu, Yingchang, Schurmann, Claudia, Highland, Heather M., Rüeger, Sina, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Justice, Anne E., Lamparter, David, Stirrups, Kathleen E., Turcot, Valérie, Young, Kristin L., Winkler, Thomas W., Esko, Tõnu, Karaderi, Tugce, Locke, Adam E., Masca, Nicholas G. D., Ng, Maggie C. Y., Mudgal, Poorva, Rivas, Manuel A., Vedantam, Sailaja, Mahajan, Anubha, Guo, Xiuqing, Abecasis, Goncalo, Aben, Katja K., Adair, Linda S., Alam, Dewan S., Albrecht, Eva, Allin, Kristine H., Allison, Matthew, Amouyel, Philippe, Appel, Emil V., Arveiler, Dominique, Asselbergs, Folkert W., Auer, Paul L., Balkau, Beverley, Banas, Bernhard, Bang, Lia E., Benn, Marianne, Bergmann, Sven, Bielak, Lawrence F., Blüher, Matthia, Boeing, Heiner, Boerwinkle, Eric, Böger, Carsten A., Bonnycastle, Lori L., Bork Jensen, Jette, Bots, Michiel L., Bottinger, Erwin P., Bowden, Donald W., Brandslund, Ivan, Breen, Gerome, Brilliant, Murray H., Broer, Linda, Burt, Amber A., Butterworth, Adam S., Carey, David J., Caulfield, Mark J., Chambers, John C., Chasman, Daniel I., Chen, Yii Der Ida, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Cramer, Chu, Audrey Y., Cocca, Massimiliano, Collins, Francis S., Cook, James P., Corley, Janie, Galbany, Jordi Coromina, Cox, Amanda J., Cuellar Partida, Gabriel, Danesh, John, Davies, Gail, De Bakker, Paul I. W., De Borst, Gert J., De Denus, Simon, De Groot, Mark C. H., De Mutsert, Renée, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George, Demerath, Ellen W., Den Hollander, Anneke I., Dennis, Joe G., Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Drenos, Fotio, Du, Mengmeng, Dunning, Alison M., Easton, Douglas F., Ebeling, Tapani, Edwards, Todd L., Ellinor, Patrick T., Elliott, Paul, Evangelou, Evangelo, Farmaki, Aliki Eleni, Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Feng, Shuang, Ferrannini, Ele, Ferrario, Marco M., Ferrieres, Jean, Florez, Jose C., Ford, Ian, Fornage, Myriam, Franks, Paul W., Frikke Schmidt, Ruth, Galesloot, Tessel E., Gan, Wei, Gandin, Ilaria, Gasparini, Paolo, Giedraitis, Vilmanta, Giri, Ayush, Girotto, Giorgia, Gordon, Scott D., Gordon Larsen, Penny, Gorski, Mathia, Grarup, Niel, Grove, Megan L., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Gustafsson, Stefan, Hansen, Torben, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Harris, Tamara B., Hattersley, Andrew T., Hayward, Caroline, He, Liang, Heid, Iris M., Heikkilä, Kauko, Helgeland, Øyvind, Hernesniemi, Jussi, Hewitt, Alex W., Hocking, Lynne J., Hollensted, Mette, Holmen, Oddgeir L., Hovingh, G. Kee, Howson, Joanna M. M., Hoyng, Carel B., Huang, Paul L., Hveem, Kristian, Ikram, M. Arfan, Ingelsson, Erik, Jackson, Anne U., Jansson, Jan Håkan, Jarvik, Gail P., Jensen, Gorm B., Jhun, Min A., Jia, Yucheng, Jiang, Xuejuan, Johansson, Stefan, Jørgensen, Marit E., Jørgensen, Torben, Jousilahti, Pekka, Jukema, J. Wouter, Kahali, Bratati, Kahn, René S., Kähönen, Mika, Kamstrup, Pia R., Kanoni, Stavroula, Kaprio, Jaakko, Karaleftheri, Maria, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Karpe, Fredrik, Kee, Frank, Keeman, Renske, Kiemeney, Lambertus A., Kitajima, Hidetoshi, Kluivers, Kirsten B., Kocher, Thoma, Komulainen, Pirjo, Kontto, Jukka, Kooner, Jaspal S., Kooperberg, Charle, Kovacs, Peter, Kriebel, Jennifer, Kuivaniemi, Helena, Küry, Sébastien, Kuusisto, Johanna, LA BIANCA, Martina, Laakso, Markku, Lakka, Timo A., Lange, Ethan M., Lange, Leslie A., Langefeld, Carl D., Langenberg, Claudia, Larson, Eric B., Lee, I. Te, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lewis, Cora E., Li, Huaixing, Li, Jin, Li Gao, Ruifang, Lin, Honghuang, Lin, Li An, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lar, Lindström, Jaana, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Yeheng, Liu, Yongmei, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Luan, Jian'An, Lubitz, Steven A., Lyytikäinen, Leo Pekka, Mackey, David A., Madden, Pamela A. F., Manning, Alisa K., Männistö, Satu, Marenne, Gaëlle, Marten, Jonathan, Martin, Nicholas G., Mazul, Angela L., Meidtner, Karina, Metspalu, Andre, Mitchell, Paul, Mohlke, Karen L., Mook Kanamori, Dennis O., Morgan, Anna, Morris, Andrew D., Morris, Andrew P., Müller Nurasyid, Martina, Munroe, Patricia B., Nalls, Mike A., Nauck, Matthia, Nelson, Christopher P., Neville, Matt, Nielsen, Sune F., Nikus, Kjell, Njølstad, Pål R., Nordestgaard, Børge G., Ntalla, Ioanna, O'Connel, Jeffrey R., Oksa, Heikki, Loohuis, Loes M. Olde, Ophoff, Roel A., Owen, Katharine R., Packard, Chris J., Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Palmer, Colin N. A., Pasterkamp, Gerard, Patel, Aniruddh P., Pattie, Alison, Pedersen, Oluf, Peissig, Peggy L., Peloso, Gina M., Pennell, Craig E., Perola, Marku, Perry, James A., Perry, John R. B., Person, Thomas N., Pirie, Ailith, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Raitakari, Olli T., Rasheed, Asif, Rauramaa, Rainer, Reilly, Dermot F., Reiner, Alex P., Renström, Frida, Ridker, Paul M., Rioux, John D., Robertson, Neil, Robino, Antonietta, Rolandsson, Olov, Rudan, Igor, Ruth, Katherine S., Saleheen, Danish, Salomaa, Veikko, Samani, Nilesh J., Sandow, Kevin, Sapkota, Yadav, Sattar, Naveed, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Schreiner, Pamela J., Schulze, Matthias B., Scott, Robert A., Segura Lepe, Marcelo P., Shah, Svati, Sim, Xueling, Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh, Small, Kerrin S., Smith, Albert Vernon, Smith, Jennifer A., Southam, Lorraine, Spector, Timothy D., Speliotes, Elizabeth K., Starr, John M., Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Stringham, Heather M., Stumvoll, Michael, Surendran, Praveen, Hart'T, Leen M., Tansey, Katherine E., Tardif, Jean Claude, Taylor, Kent D., Teumer, Alexander, Thompson, Deborah J., Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thuesen, Betina H., Tönjes, Anke, Tromp, Gerard, Trompet, Stella, Tsafantakis, Emmanouil, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tybjaerg Hansen, Anne, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Uher, Rudolf, Uitterlinden, André G., Ulivi, Sheila, Van Der Laan, Sander W., Van Der Leij, Andries R., Van Duijn, Cornelia M., Van Schoor, Natasja M., Van Setten, Jessica, Varbo, Anette, Varga, Tibor V., Varma, Rohit, Velez Edwards, Digna R., Vermeulen, Sita H., Vestergaard, Henrik, Vitart, Veronique, Vogt, Thomas F., Vozzi, Diego, Walker, Mark, Wang, Feijie, Wang, Carol A., Wang, Shuai, Wang, Yiqin, Wareham, Nicholas J., Warren, Helen R., Wessel, Jennifer, Willems, Sara M., Wilson, James G., Witte, Daniel R., Woods, Michael O., Wu, Ying, Yaghootkar, Hanieh, Yao, Jie, Yao, Pang, Yerges Armstrong, Laura M., Young, Robin, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zhan, Xiaowei, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing Hua, Zhao, Wei, Zheng, He, Zhou, Wei, Rotter, Jerome I., Boehnke, Michael, Kathiresan, Sekar, Mccarthy, Mark I., Willer, Cristen J., Stefansson, Kari, Borecki, Ingrid B., Liu, Dajiang J., North, Kari E., Heard Costa, Nancy L., Pers, Tune H., Lindgren, Cecilia M., Oxvig, Clau, Kutalik, Zoltán, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Loos, Ruth J. F., Frayling, Timothy M., Hirschhorn, Joel N., Deloukas, Pano, Lettre, Guillaume, Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, Internal Medicine, Epidemiology, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neurology, Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, British Heart Foundation, Medical Research Council (MRC), Wellcome Trust, National Institute for Health Research, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding, Action on Hearing Loss, Home Office, National Institutes of Health, Public Health England, EPIC-InterAct Consortium, CHD Exome+ Consortium, ExomeBP Consortium, T2D-Genes Consortium, GoT2D Genes Consortium, Global Lipids Genetics Consortium, ReproGen Consortium, MAGIC Investigators, Physiology, Human genetics, APH - Personalized Medicine, APH - Aging & Later Life, Epidemiology and Data Science, and Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, ReproGen Consortium, Multifactorial Inheritance, Genome-wide association study, Sensory disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 12], Androgen, ADAMTS Proteins, Gene Frequency, Missing heritability problem, MISSING HERITABILITY, Receptors, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A, Aetiology, Non-U.S. Gov't, Glycosaminoglycans, Genetics, Multidisciplinary, Genome, CHD Exome+ Consortium, Medicine (all), Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, T2D-Genes Consortium, Global Lipids Genetics Consortium, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Phenotype, NADPH Oxidase 4, Receptors, Androgen, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], Interferon Regulatory Factors, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Female, Proteoglycans, EPIC-InterAct Consortium, ExomeBP Consortium, Common disease-common variant, Human, Adult, General Science & Technology, Biology, Development, Research Support, Article, GENETIC ARCHITECTURE, N.I.H, 03 medical and health sciences, MAGIC Investigators, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Somatomedins, Genetic variation, MD Multidisciplinary, Journal Article, gene, height, rare, Humans, Hedgehog Proteins, Interleukin-11 Receptor alpha Subunit, Allele, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Gene, Allele frequency, Alleles, Genetic association, Genetic association study, Glycoproteins, Science & Technology, MUTATIONS, Genome, Human, ta1184, Human Genome, Extramural, Genetic Variation, NADPH Oxidases, ta3121, Body Height, INTERLEUKIN-11, Reconstructive and regenerative medicine Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 10], MICE, 030104 developmental biology, GoT2D Genes Consortium, Proteolysis, Procollagen N-Endopeptidase, Cell Adhesion Molecules
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 169801.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with approximately 700 common associated variants identified through genome-wide association studies so far. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor-allele frequencies (in the range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 centimetres per allele (such as those in IHH, STC2, AR and CRISPLD2), greater than ten times the average effect of common variants. In functional follow-up studies, rare height-increasing alleles of STC2 (giving an increase of 1-2 centimetres per allele) compromised proteolytic inhibition of PAPP-A and increased cleavage of IGFBP-4 in vitro, resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin-like growth factors. These 83 height-associated variants overlap genes that are mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates (such as ADAMTS3, IL11RA and NOX4) and pathways (such as proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis) involved in growth. Our results demonstrate that sufficiently large sample sizes can uncover rare and low-frequency variants of moderate-to-large effect associated with polygenic human phenotypes, and that these variants implicate relevant genes and pathways.

Published
2017
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27. Design and Implementation of the International Genetics and Translational Research in Transplantation Network

Author

Keating, Brendan J., van Setten, Jessica, Jacobson, Pamala A., Holmes, Michael V., Verma, Shefali S., Chandrupatla, Hareesh R., Nair, Nikhil, Gao, Hui, Li, Yun R., Chang, Bao-Li, Wong, Chanel, Phillips, Randy, Cole, Brian S., Mukhtar, Eyas, Zhang, Weijia, Cao, Hongzhi, Mohebnasab, Maede, Hou, Cuiping, Lee, Takesha, Steel, Laura, Shaked, Oren, Garifallou, James, Miller, Michael B., Karczewski, Konrad J., Akdere, Abdullah, Gonzalez, Ana, Lloyd, Kelsey M., McGinn, Daniel, Michaud, Zach, Colasacco, Abigail, Lek, Monkol, Fu, Yao, Pawashe, Mayur, Guettouche, Toumy, Himes, Aubree, Perez, Leat, Guan, Weihua, Wu, Baolin, Schladt, David, Menon, Madhav, Zhang, Zhongyang, Tragante, Vinicius, de Jonge, Nicolaas, Otten, Henny G., de Weger, Roel A., van de Graaf, Ed A., Baan, Carla C., Manintveld, Olivier C., De Vlaminck, Iwijn, Piening, Brian D., Strehl, Calvin, Shaw, Mary, Snieder, Harold, Klintmalm, Goran B., O'Leary, Jacqueline G., Amaral, Sandra, Goldfarb, Samuel, Rand, Elizabeth, Rossano, Joseph W., Kohli, Utkarsh, Heeger, Peter, Stahl, Eli, Christie, Jason D., Fuentes, Maria Hernandez, Levine, John E., Aplenc, Richard, Schadt, Eric E., Stranger, Barbara E., Kluin, Jolanda, Potena, Luciano, Zuckermann, Andreas, Khush, Kiran, Alzahrani, Alhusain J., Al-Muhanna, Fahad A., Al-Ali, Amein K., Al-Ali, Rudaynah, Al-Rubaish, Abdullah M., Al-Mueilo, Samir, Byrne, Edna M., Miller, David, Alexander, Stephen I., Onengut-Gumuscu, Suna, Rich, Stephen S., Suthanthiran, Manikkam, Tedesco, Helio, Saw, Chee L., Ragoussis, Jiannis, Kfoury, Abdallah G., Horne, Benjamin, Carlquist, John, Gerstein, Mark B., Reindl-Schwaighofer, Roman, Oberbauer, Rainer, Wijmenga, Cisca, Palmer, Scott, Pereira, Alexandre C., Segovia, Javier, Alonso-Pulpon, Luis A., Comez-Bueno, Manuel, Vilches, Carlos, Jaramillo, Natalia, de Borst, Martin H., Naesens, Maarten, Hao, Ke, MacArthur, DanielG., Balasubramanian, Suganthi, Conlon, Peter J., Lord, Graham M., Ritchie, Marylyn D., Snyder, Michael, Olthoff, Kim M., Moore, Jason H., Petersdorf, Effie W., Kamoun, Malek, Wang, Jun, Monos, Dimitri S., de Bakker, Paul I. W., Hakonarson, Hakon, Murphy, Barbara, Lankree, Matthew B., Garcia-Pavia, Pablo, Oetting, William S., Birdwell, Kelly A., Bakker, Stephan J. L., Israni, Ajay K., Shaked, Abraham, Asselbergs, Folkert W., Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Vascular Ageing Programme (VAP), Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT), Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Dermatology, Erasmus MC other, Internal Medicine, Cardiology, and Cardiothoracic Surgery

Subjects
Graft Rejection, International Cooperation, Genome-wide association study, 030230 surgery, VARIANTS, Organ transplantation, Organizational, Translational Research, Biomedical, 0302 clinical medicine, Models, Risk Factors, Databases, Genetic, Medicine, CARDIAC TRANSPLANTATION, Cooperative Behavior, Non-U.S. Gov't, Translational Medical Research, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Graft Survival, Single Nucleotide, Original Clinical Science—General, 3. Good health, GENOTYPE, surgical procedures, operative, Phenotype, Treatment Outcome, Research Design, Genetic Markers, medicine.medical_specialty, Primary Graft Dysfunction, Translational research, Human leukocyte antigen, Research Support, DONOR, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, N.I.H, 03 medical and health sciences, Databases, Genetic, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Journal Article, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, PRIMARY GRAFT DYSFUNCTION, Genetic Association Studies, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association, Transplantation, business.industry, ELECTRONIC MEDICAL-RECORDS, Extramural, Organ Transplantation, Genetic architecture, POLYMORPHISM, RECIPIENTS, Models, Organizational, Sample Size, KIDNEY ALLOGRAFT FUNCTION, business
Abstract

Background Genetic association studies of transplantation outcomes have been hampered by small samples and highly complex multifactorial phenotypes, hindering investigations of the genetic architecture of a range of comorbidities which significantly impact graft and recipient life expectancy. We describe here the rationale and design of the International Genetics & Translational Research in Transplantation Network. The network comprises 22 studies to date, including 16494 transplant recipients and 11669 donors, of whom more than 5000 are of non-European ancestry, all of whom have existing genomewide genotype data sets. Methods We describe the rich genetic and phenotypic information available in this consortium comprising heart, kidney, liver, and lung transplant cohorts. Results We demonstrate significant power in International Genetics & Translational Research in Transplantation Network to detect main effect association signals across regions such as the MHC region as well as genomewide for transplant outcomes that span all solid organs, such as graft survival, acute rejection, new onset of diabetes after transplantation, and for delayed graft function in kidney only. Conclusions This consortium is designed and statistically powered to deliver pioneering insights into the genetic architecture of transplant-related outcomes across a range of different solid-organ transplant studies. The study design allows a spectrum of analyses to be performed including recipient-only analyses, donor-recipient HLA mismatches with focus on loss-of-function variants and nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms., iGeneTRAiN is a consortium that has genome-wide genotype datasets. These genomic data allows robust statistically analysis of genetic associations that impact graft and patients variables such as, such as: graft survival, acute rejection, new onset of diabetes after transplantation, and delayed graft kidney function. Supplemental digital content is available in the text.

Published
2015
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28. Cystatin C and cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study

Author

van der Laan, Sander W., Fall, Tove, Soumaré, Aicha, Teumer, Alexander, Sedaghat, Sanaz, Baumert, Jens, Zabaneh, Delilah, van Setten, Jessica, Isgum, Ivana, Galesloot, Tessel E., Arpegård, Johannes, Amouyel, Philippe, Trompet, Stella, Waldenberger, Melanie, Dörr, Marcus, Magnusson, Patrik K., Giedraitis, Vilmantas, Larsson, Anders, Morris, Andrew P., Felix, Janine F., Morrison, Alanna C., Franceschini, Nora, Bis, Joshua C, Kavousi, Maryam, O'Donnell, Christopher, Drenos, Fotios, Tragante, Vinicius, Munroe, Patricia B., Malik, Rainer, Dichgans, Martin, Worrall, Bradford B., Erdmann, Jeanette, Nelson, Christopher P., Samani, Nilesh J., Schunkert, Heribert, Marchini, Jonathan, Patel, Riyaz S., Hingorani, Aroon D., Lind, Lars, Pedersen, Nancy L., de Graaf, Jacqueline, Kiemeney, Lambertus A.L.M., Baumeister, Sebastian E., Franco, Oscar H., Hofman, Albert, Uitterlinden, André G., Koenig, Wolfgang, Meisinger, Christa, Peters, Annette, Thorand, Barbara, Jukema, J. Wouter, Eriksen, Bjørn Odvar, Toft, Ingrid, Wilsgaard, Tom, Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Debette, Stéphanie, Kumari, Meena, Svensson, Per, van der Harst, Pim, Kivimaki, Mika, Keating, Brendan J., Sattar, Naveed, Dehghan, Abbas, Reiner, Alex P., Ingelsson, Erik, den Ruijter, Hester M., de Bakker, Paul I.W., Pasterkamp, Gerard, Ärnlöv, Johan, Holmes, Michael V., Asselbergs, Folkert W., Academic Medical Center, Isotope Research, Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Epidemiology, and Internal Medicine

Subjects
CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI, Genotype, Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 16], Coronary, heart failure, Heart disease, Global Health, urologic and male genital diseases, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 1102 Cardiovascular Medicine And Haematology, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Risk Factors, Journal Article, ischemic stroke, Humans, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, genetics, Prospective Studies, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Cystatin C, coronary heart disease, Alleles, Aged, RISK, Kardiologi, Science & Technology, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin, sosialmedisin: 801, INCIDENT HEART-FAILURE, Incidence, COMMON VARIANTS, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Middle Aged, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, CHARGE CONSORTIUM, Multicenter Study, BODY-MASS INDEX, ISCHEMIC-STROKE, 1117 Public Health And Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular Diseases, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine, Social medicine: 801, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

Source: doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.05.092 BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies show that high circulating cystatin C is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), independent of creatinine-based renal function measurements. It is unclear whether this relationship is causal, arises from residual confounding, and/or is a consequence of reverse causation. OBJECTIVESThe aim of this study was to use Mendelian randomization to investigate whether cystatin C is causally related to CVD in the general population. METHODS We incorporated participant data from 16 prospective cohorts (n ¼ 76,481) with 37,126 measures of cystatin C and added genetic data from 43 studies (n ¼ 252,216) with 63,292 CVD events. We used the common variant rs911119 in CST3 as an instrumental variable to investigate the causal role of cystatin C in CVD, including coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, and heart failure. RESULTS Cystatin C concentrations were associated with CVD risk after adjusting for age, sex, and traditional risk factors (relative risk: 1.82 per doubling of cystatin C; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.56 to 2.13; p ¼ 2.12 10 14). The minor allele of rs911119 was associated with decreased serum cystatin C (6.13% per allele; 95% CI: 5.75 to 6.50; p ¼ 5.95 10 211), explaining 2.8% of the observed variation in cystatin C. Mendelian randomization analysis did not provide evidence for a causal role of cystatin C, with a causal relative risk for CVD of 1.00 per doubling cystatin C (95% CI: 0.82 to 1.22; p ¼ 0.994), which was statistically different from the observational estimate (p ¼ 1.6 10 5). A causal effect of cystatin C was not detected for any individual component of CVD.CONCLUSIONS Mendelian randomization analyses did not support a causal role of cystatin C in the etiology of CVD. As such, therapeutics targeted at lowering circulating cystatin C are unlikely to be effective in preventing CVD. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;68:934–45) © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Published
2016
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29. Design and Implementation of the International Genetics and Translational Research in Transplantation Network

Author

Asselbergs, Folkert, van Setten, Jessica, de Jonge, Nicolaas, Otten, HG, de Weger, RA, van de Graaf, Ed. A., Kluin, Jolanda, de Bakker, Paul I W, and International Genetics & Translational Research in Transplantation Network (iGeneTRAiN)

Subjects
Genetic Markers, Graft Rejection, International Cooperation, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Graft Survival, Organ Transplantation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Phenotype, Treatment Outcome, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Design, Risk Factors, Models, Organizational, Sample Size, Databases, Genetic, Journal Article, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Cooperative Behavior, Translational Medical Research, Genetic Association Studies
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Genetic association studies of transplantation outcomes have been hampered by small samples and highly complex multifactorial phenotypes, hindering investigations of the genetic architecture of a range of comorbidities which significantly impact graft and recipient life expectancy. We describe here the rationale and design of the International Genetics & Translational Research in Transplantation Network. The network comprises 22 studies to date, including 16494 transplant recipients and 11669 donors, of whom more than 5000 are of non-European ancestry, all of whom have existing genomewide genotype data sets. METHODS: We describe the rich genetic and phenotypic information available in this consortium comprising heart, kidney, liver, and lung transplant cohorts. RESULTS: We demonstrate significant power in International Genetics & Translational Research in Transplantation Network to detect main effect association signals across regions such as the MHC region as well as genomewide for transplant outcomes that span all solid organs, such as graft survival, acute rejection, new onset of diabetes after transplantation, and for delayed graft function in kidney only. CONCLUSIONS: This consortium is designed and statistically powered to deliver pioneering insights into the genetic architecture of transplant-related outcomes across a range of different solid-organ transplant studies. The study design allows a spectrum of analyses to be performed including recipient-only analyses, donor-recipient HLA mismatches with focus on loss-of-function variants and nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms.

Published
2015

30. The Influence of Age and Sex on Genetic Associations with Adult Body Size and Shape: A Large-Scale Genome-Wide Interaction Study

Author

Winkler, Thomas W, Justice, Anne E, Graff, Mariaelisa, Barata, Llilda, Feitosa, Mary F, Chu, Su, Czajkowski, Jacek, Esko, Tõnu, Fall, Tove, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O, Lu, Yingchang, Mägi, Reedik, Mihailov, Evelin, Pers, Tune H, Rüeger, Sina, Teumer, Alexander, Ehret, Georg B, Ferreira, Teresa, Heard-Costa, Nancy L, Karjalainen, Juha, Lagou, Vasiliki, Mahajan, Anubha, Neinast, Michael D, Prokopenko, Inga, Simino, Jeannette, Teslovich, Tanya M, Jansen, Rick, Westra, Harm-Jan, White, Charles C, Absher, Devin, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S, Ahmad, Shafqat, Albrecht, Eva, Alves, Alexessander Couto, Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L, de Craen, Anton JM, Bis, Joshua C, Bonnefond, Amélie, Boucher, Gabrielle, Cadby, Gemma, Cheng, Yu-Ching, Chiang, Charleston WK, Delgado, Graciela, Demirkan, Ayse, Dueker, Nicole, Eklund, Niina, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Eriksson, Joel, Feenstra, Bjarke, Fischer, Krista, Frau, Francesca, Galesloot, Tessel E, Geller, Frank, Goel, Anuj, Gorski, Mathias, Grammer, Tanja B, Gustafsson, Stefan, Haitjema, Saskia, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Huffman, Jennifer E, Jackson, Anne U, Jacobs, Kevin B, Johansson, Åsa, Kaakinen, Marika, Kleber, Marcus E, Lahti, Jari, Mateo Leach, Irene, Lehne, Benjamin, Liu, Youfang, Lo, Ken Sin, Lorentzon, Mattias, Luan, Jian'an, Madden, Pamela AF, Mangino, Massimo, McKnight, Barbara, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Monda, Keri L, Montasser, May E, Müller, Gabriele, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Nolte, Ilja M, Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope, Pascoe, Laura, Paternoster, Lavinia, Rayner, Nigel W, Renström, Frida, Rizzi, Federica, Rose, Lynda M, Ryan, Kathy A, Salo, Perttu, Sanna, Serena, Scharnagl, Hubert, Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert Vernon, Southam, Lorraine, Stančáková, Alena, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Strawbridge, Rona J, Sung, Yun Ju, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Tanaka, Toshiko, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Trompet, Stella, Pervjakova, Natalia, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Vandenput, Liesbeth, van der Laan, Sander W, van der Velde, Nathalie, van Setten, Jessica, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V, Verweij, Niek, Vlachopoulou, Efthymia, Waite, Lindsay L, Wang, Sophie R, Wang, Zhaoming, Wild, Sarah H, Willenborg, Christina, Wilson, James F, Wong, Andrew, Yang, Jian, Yengo, Loïc, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M, Yu, Lei, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing Hua, Andersson, Ehm A, Bakker, Stephan JL, Baldassarre, Damiano, Banasik, Karina, Barcella, Matteo, Barlassina, Cristina, Bellis, Claire, Benaglio, Paola, Blangero, John, Blüher, Matthias, Bonnet, Fabrice, Bonnycastle, Lori L, Boyd, Heather A, Bruinenberg, Marcel, Buchman, Aron S, Campbell, Harry, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Chines, Peter S, Claudi-Boehm, Simone, Cole, John, Collins, Francis S, de Geus, Eco JC, de Groot, Lisette CPGM, Dimitriou, Maria, Duan, Jubao, Enroth, Stefan, Eury, Elodie, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Forouhi, Nita G, Friedrich, Nele, Gejman, Pablo V, Gigante, Bruna, Glorioso, Nicola, Go, Alan S, Gottesman, Omri, Gräßler, Jürgen, Grallert, Harald, Grarup, Niels, Gu, Yu-Mei, Broer, Linda, Ham, Annelies C, Hansen, Torben, Harris, Tamara B, Hartman, Catharina A, Hassinen, Maija, Hastie, Nicholas, Hattersley, Andrew T, Heath, Andrew C, Henders, Anjali K, Hernandez, Dena, Hillege, Hans, Holmen, Oddgeir, Hovingh, Kees G, Hui, Jennie, Husemoen, Lise L, Hutri-Kähönen, Nina, Hysi, Pirro G, Illig, Thomas, De Jager, Philip L, Jalilzadeh, Shapour, Jørgensen, Torben, Jukema, J Wouter, Juonala, Markus, Kanoni, Stavroula, Karaleftheri, Maria, Khaw, Kay Tee, Kinnunen, Leena, Kittner, Steven J, Koenig, Wolfgang, Kolcic, Ivana, Kovacs, Peter, Krarup, Nikolaj T, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Krüger, Janine, Kuh, Diana, Kumari, Meena, Kyriakou, Theodosios, Langenberg, Claudia, Lannfelt, Lars, Lanzani, Chiara, Lotay, Vaneet, Launer, Lenore J, Leander, Karin, Lindström, Jaana, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Yan-Ping, Lobbens, Stéphane, Luben, Robert, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Männistö, Satu, Magnusson, Patrik K, McArdle, Wendy L, Menni, Cristina, Merger, Sigrun, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W, Morris, Andrew P, Narisu, Narisu, Nelis, Mari, Ong, Ken K, Palotie, Aarno, Pérusse, Louis, Pichler, Irene, Pilia, Maria G, Pouta, Anneli, Rheinberger, Myriam, Ribel-Madsen, Rasmus, Richards, Marcus, Rice, Kenneth M, Rice, Treva K, Rivolta, Carlo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R, Sarzynski, Mark A, Scholtens, Salome, Scott, Robert A, Scott, William R, Sebert, Sylvain, Sengupta, Sebanti, Sennblad, Bengt, Seufferlein, Thomas, Silveira, Angela, Slagboom, P Eline, Smit, Jan H, Sparsø, Thomas H, Stirrups, Kathleen, Stolk, Ronald P, Stringham, Heather M, Swertz, Morris A, Swift, Amy J, Syvänen, Ann-Christine, Tan, Sian-Tsung, Thorand, Barbara, Tönjes, Anke, Tremblay, Angelo, Tsafantakis, Emmanouil, van der Most, Peter J, Völker, Uwe, Vohl, Marie-Claude, Vonk, Judith M, Waldenberger, Melanie, Walker, Ryan W, Wennauer, Roman, Widén, Elisabeth, Willemsen, Gonneke, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wright, Alan F, Zillikens, M Carola, van Dijk, Suzanne C, van Schoor, Natasja M, Asselbergs, Folkert W, de Bakker, Paul IW, Beckmann, Jacques S, Beilby, John, Bennett, David A, Bergman, Richard N, Bergmann, Sven, Böger, Carsten A, Boehm, Bernhard O, Boerwinkle, Eric, Boomsma, Dorret I, Bornstein, Stefan R, Bottinger, Erwin P, Bouchard, Claude, Chambers, John C, Chanock, Stephen J, Chasman, Daniel I, Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Dedoussis, George, Erdmann, Jeanette, Eriksson, Johan G, Evans, Denis A, de Faire, Ulf, Farrall, Martin, Ferrucci, Luigi, Ford, Ian, Franke, Lude, Franks, Paul W, Froguel, Philippe, Gansevoort, Ron T, Gieger, Christian, Grönberg, Henrik, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Gyllensten, Ulf, Hall, Per, Hamsten, Anders, van der Harst, Pim, Hayward, Caroline, Heliövaara, Markku, Hengstenberg, Christian, Hicks, Andrew A, Hingorani, Aroon, Hofman, Albert, Hu, Frank, Huikuri, Heikki V, Hveem, Kristian, James, Alan L, Jordan, Joanne M, Jula, Antti, Kähönen, Mika, Kajantie, Eero, Kathiresan, Sekar, Kiemeney, Lambertus ALM, Kivimaki, Mika, Knekt, Paul B, Koistinen, Heikki A, Kooner, Jaspal S, Koskinen, Seppo, Kuusisto, Johanna, Maerz, Winfried, Martin, Nicholas G, Laakso, Markku, Lakka, Timo A, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lettre, Guillaume, Levinson, Douglas F, Lind, Lars, Lokki, Marja-Liisa, Mäntyselkä, Pekka, Melbye, Mads, Metspalu, Andres, Mitchell, Braxton D, Moll, Frans L, Murray, Jeffrey C, Musk, Arthur W, Nieminen, Markku S, Njølstad, Inger, Ohlsson, Claes, Oldehinkel, Albertine J, Oostra, Ben A, Palmer, Lyle J, Pankow, James S, Pasterkamp, Gerard, Pedersen, Nancy L, Pedersen, Oluf, Penninx, Brenda W, Perola, Markus, Peters, Annette, Polašek, Ozren, Pramstaller, Peter P, Psaty, Bruce M, Qi, Lu, Quertermous, Thomas, Raitakari, Olli T, Rankinen, Tuomo, Rauramaa, Rainer, Ridker, Paul M, Rioux, John D, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Rotter, Jerome I, Rudan, Igor, den Ruijter, Hester M, Saltevo, Juha, Sattar, Naveed, Schunkert, Heribert, Schwarz, Peter EH, Shuldiner, Alan R, Sinisalo, Juha, Snieder, Harold, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, Spector, Tim D, Staessen, Jan A, Stefania, Bandinelli, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Stumvoll, Michael, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Tremoli, Elena, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Uitterlinden, André G, Uusitupa, Matti, Verbeek, André LM, Vermeulen, Sita H, Viikari, Jorma S, Vitart, Veronique, Völzke, Henry, Vollenweider, Peter, Waeber, Gérard, Walker, Mark, Wallaschofski, Henri, Wareham, Nicholas J, Watkins, Hugh, Zeggini, Eleftheria, arcOGEN Consortium, CHARGE Consortium, DIAGRAM Consortium, GLGC Consortium, Global-BPGen Consortium, ICBP Consortium, MAGIC Consortium, Chakravarti, Aravinda, Clegg, Deborah J, Cupples, L Adrienne, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Jaquish, Cashell E, Rao, DC, Abecasis, Goncalo R, Assimes, Themistocles L, Barroso, Inês, Berndt, Sonja I, Boehnke, Michael, Deloukas, Panos, Fox, Caroline S, Groop, Leif C, Hunter, David J, Ingelsson, Erik, Kaplan, Robert C, McCarthy, Mark I, Mohlke, Karen L, O'Connell, Jeffrey R, Schlessinger, David, Strachan, David P, Stefansson, Kari, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Lindgren, Cecilia M, Heid, Iris M, North, Kari E, Borecki, Ingrid B, Kutalik, Zoltán, Loos, Ruth JF, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Estonian Genome and Medicine, University of Tartu, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Institute of Metabolic Science, MRC, Brown University, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis [Lyngby], Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), King‘s College London, Groningen Bioinformatics Centre, GBB, University of Groningen [Groningen], University of Queensland [Brisbane], National Institut of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Department of neurology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), University of Washington [Seattle], Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (GI3M), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Deptartment of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Infectious diseases division, Department of internal medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Limnology, Ecology, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Core Genotyping Facility, National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Department of Chemical Engineering Taiwan (DCET - NTHU), National Tsing Hua University [Hsinchu] (NTHU), University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University Diabetes Centre, Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Umea University Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland-Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genomics and Informatics [Yokohama] (RIKEN IMS), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences [Yokohama] (RIKEN IMS), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN)-RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), deCODE Genetics, deCODE genetics [Reykjavik], Interuniversity Cardiology Institute Netherlands, Molecular Genetics Section, University of Groningen [Groningen]-University Medical Centre Groningen, Kidney Center, University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Texas Biomedical Research Institute [San Antonio, TX], Medical Department III, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Foie, métabolismes et cancer, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Dept. of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut [Copenhagen], GNS Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Medstar Research Institute, University of Rochester [USA], MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)-Institute of Metabolic Science, Institute of Epidemiology [Neuherberg] (EPI), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (CBMR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Genomic Research Laboratory, Service of Infectious Disease, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Epidemiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Unit for Molecular Epidemiology, German Research Center for Environmental Health-Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]-Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Research Centre for Prevention and Health (RCPH), Department of Public Health [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Public Health, Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Department of Medical Statistics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, University of Zagreb, MRC National Survey of Health and Development, MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College of London [London] (UCL), Department of Public health and Caring Sciences, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Research Center for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Génétique des maladies multifactorielles (GMM), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Head of Medical Sequencing, Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Genetics, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging [Leiden, Netherlands] (NCHA), Department of Internal Medicine, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Loughborough University, Genomics and Bioinformatics Platform, Fondazione Filarete, Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Milano, Medizinische Klinik II, Universität zu Lübeck [Lübeck], Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester [Manchester], The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland., Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Genetics and Pathology, Department of child and adolescent psychiatry, Universität Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Respirology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany, Universität Regensburg (UR), Franz-Volhard-Centrum für Klinische Forschung, ECRC, Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere [Finland]-Tampere University Hospital, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health of Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Department of Oncology, University of Tampere Medical School, University of Tampere, Department of Physiology, University of Eastern Finland-Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Montreal, Developmental Brain and Behaviour Unit, University of Southampton, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine-University of Gothenburg (GU), Interdisciplinary Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland [Helsinki] (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, The Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital (TYKS), Erasmus Medical Centre, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Royal Infirmary, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatrics, Augusta University - Medical College of Georgia, University System of Georgia (USG)-University System of Georgia (USG), Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, Maastricht University [Maastricht], Department of Public Health, South Ostrobothnia Central Hospital, Department of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, Danube-University Krems, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Leiden, The Netherlands, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Institute for Community Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), MRC epidemiology Unit, Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Bethesda] (NHLBI)-Boston University [Boston] (BU), Metabolic Disease Group, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Wellcome Trust, Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology and Program in Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Metabolism Initiative and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Churchill Hospital-Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC)-UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health-Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, Department of Medical Genetics, Epidemiology Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital-Medical Research Council (MRC), P30 AG010161/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States, Psychiatry, Epidemiology and Data Science, NCA - Neurobiology of mental health, EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, AMS - Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Geriatrics, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Medicine, Other departments, Biological Psychology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam - Neurobiology of Mental Health, EMGO+ - Lifestyle, Overweight and Diabetes, RS: CARIM - R3 - Vascular biology, MUMC+: DA BV AIOS Radiologie (9), Epidemiologie, Orthopedie, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Transplantation Laboratory, Medicum, Research Programs Unit, Research Programme of Molecular Medicine, Aarno Palotie / Principal Investigator, Elisabeth Ingrid Maria Widen / Principal Investigator, Clinicum, Johan Eriksson / Principal Investigator, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Children's Hospital, Lastentautien yksikkö, Marja-Liisa Lokki / Principal Investigator, Kardiologian yksikkö, Leif Groop Research Group, Quantitative Genetics, Developmental Psychology Research Group, Genomics of Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Genomic Discoveries and Clinical Translation, Ehret, Georg Benedikt, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Universiteit Leiden-Universiteit Leiden, Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (EGENODIA (GI3M)), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC), University of Oxford, Lund University [Lund], Universität Leipzig, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Universität zu Lübeck = University of Lübeck [Lübeck], Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, University of Gothenburg (GU)-Institute of Medicine, Boston University [Boston] (BU)-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Bethesda] (NHLBI), Luan, Jian'an [0000-0003-3137-6337], Tyrer, Jonathan [0000-0003-3724-4757], Forouhi, Nita [0000-0002-5041-248X], Khaw, Kay-Tee [0000-0002-8802-2903], Langenberg, Claudia [0000-0002-5017-7344], Luben, Robert [0000-0002-5088-6343], Ong, Kenneth [0000-0003-4689-7530], Johnson, Kathleen [0000-0002-6823-3252], Wareham, Nicholas [0000-0003-1422-2993], Barroso, Ines [0000-0001-5800-4520], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, CHARGE Consortium, DIAGRAM Consortium, GLGC Consortium, Global-BPGen Consortium, ICBP Consortium, MAGIC Consortium, Biochemistry, Surgery, Internal Medicine, Public Health, Medical Oncology, Pathology, Erasmus MC other, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, and Clinical Genetics

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Male, Cancer Research, endocrine system diseases, Biological pathways, QH426-470, Genome, Body Mass Index, Body Size, Genetics (clinical), ddc:616, Genetics & Heredity, Sex Characteristics, Loci, MAGIC Consortium, Mass index, Age Factors, Chromosome Mapping, Middle Aged, Genealogy, Self-reported height, Peripheral-blood, Scale (social sciences), ICBP Consortium, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Medical Genetics, Research Article, arcOGEN Consortium, musculoskeletal diseases, Adult, European Continental Ancestry Group, Natural menopause, Aged, Body Size/genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Waist-Hip Ratio, Biology, Body size, DIAGRAM Consortium, Age and sex, White People, Fat distribution, GLGC Consortium, 03 medical and health sciences, Life-course, Genetics, Weight-gain, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Medicinsk genetik, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, 0604 Genetics, Science & Technology, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Correction, 030104 developmental biology, GWAS meta-analysis, Global-BPGen Consortium, Common SNPS, CHARGE Consortium, 3111 Biomedicine, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 100 genetic variants contributing to BMI, a measure of body size, or waist-to-hip ratio (adjusted for BMI, WHRadjBMI), a measure of body shape. Body size and shape change as people grow older and these changes differ substantially between men and women. To systematically screen for age- and/or sex-specific effects of genetic variants on BMI and WHRadjBMI, we performed meta-analyses of 114 studies (up to 320,485 individuals of European descent) with genome-wide chip and/or Metabochip data by the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) Consortium. Each study tested the association of up to ~2.8M SNPs with BMI and WHRadjBMI in four strata (men ≤50y, men >50y, women ≤50y, women >50y) and summary statistics were combined in stratum-specific meta-analyses. We then screened for variants that showed age-specific effects (G x AGE), sex-specific effects (G x SEX) or age-specific effects that differed between men and women (G x AGE x SEX). For BMI, we identified 15 loci (11 previously established for main effects, four novel) that showed significant (FDR, Author Summary Adult body size and body shape differ substantially between men and women and change over time. More than 100 genetic variants that influence body mass index (measure of body size) or waist-to-hip ratio (measure of body shape) have been identified. While there is evidence that some genetic loci affect body shape differently in men than in women, little is known about whether genetic effects differ in older compared to younger adults, and whether such changes differ between men and women. Therefore, we conducted a systematic genome-wide search, including 114 studies (>320,000 individuals), to specifically identify genetic loci with age- and or sex-dependent effects on body size and shape. We identified 15 loci of which the effect on BMI was different in older compared to younger adults, whereas we found no evidence for loci with different effects in men compared to women. The opposite was seen for body shape as we identified 44 loci of which the effect on waist-to-hip ratio differed between men and women, but no difference between younger and older adults were observed. Our observations may provide new insights into the biology that underlies weight change with age or the sexual dimorphism of body shape.

Published
2014
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31. Genome-wide association and Mendelian randomisation analysis provide insights into the pathogenesis of heart failure

Author

Shah, Sonia, Henry, Albert, Roselli, Carolina, Lin, Honghuang, Sveinbjörnsson, Garðar, Fatemifar, Ghazaleh, Hedman, Åsa K, Wilk, Jemma B, Morley, Michael P, Chaffin, Mark D, Helgadottir, Anna, Verweij, Niek, Dehghan, Abbas, Almgren, Peter, Andersson, Charlotte, Aragam, Krishna G, Ärnlöv, Johan, Backman, Joshua D, Biggs, Mary L, Bloom, Heather L, Brandimarto, Jeffrey, Brown, Michael R, Buckbinder, Leonard, Carey, David J, Chasman, Daniel I, Chen, Xing, Chen, Xu, Chung, Jonathan, Chutkow, William, Cook, James P, Delgado, Graciela E, Denaxas, Spiros, Doney, Alexander S, Dörr, Marcus, Dudley, Samuel C, Dunn, Michael E, Engström, Gunnar, Esko, Tõnu, Felix, Stephan B, Finan, Chris, Ford, Ian, Ghanbari, Mohsen, Ghasemi, Sahar, Giedraitis, Vilmantas, Giulianini, Franco, Gottdiener, John S, Gross, Stefan, Guðbjartsson, Daníel F, Gutmann, Rebecca, Haggerty, Christopher M, Van Der Harst, Pim, Hyde, Craig L, Ingelsson, Erik, Jukema, J Wouter, Kavousi, Maryam, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kleber, Marcus E, Køber, Lars, Koekemoer, Andrea, Langenberg, Claudia, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia M, London, Barry, Lotta, Luca A, Lovering, Ruth C, Luan, Jian'an, Magnusson, Patrik, Mahajan, Anubha, Margulies, Kenneth B, März, Winfried, Melander, Olle, Mordi, Ify R, Morgan, Thomas, Morris, Andrew D, Morris, Andrew P, Morrison, Alanna C, Nagle, Michael W, Nelson, Christopher P, Niessner, Alexander, Niiranen, Teemu, O'Donoghue, Michelle L, Owens, Anjali T, Palmer, Colin NA, Parry, Helen M, Perola, Markus, Portilla-Fernandez, Eliana, Psaty, Bruce M, Regeneron Genetics Center, Rice, Kenneth M, Ridker, Paul M, Romaine, Simon PR, Rotter, Jerome I, Salo, Perttu, Salomaa, Veikko, Van Setten, Jessica, Shalaby, Alaa A, Smelser, Diane T, Smith, Nicholas L, Stender, Steen, Stott, David J, Svensson, Per, Tammesoo, Mari-Liis, Taylor, Kent D, Teder-Laving, Maris, Teumer, Alexander, Thorgeirsson, Guðmundur, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Torp-Pedersen, Christian, Trompet, Stella, Tyl, Benoit, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Veluchamy, Abirami, Völker, Uwe, Voors, Adriaan A, Wang, Xiaosong, Wareham, Nicholas J, Waterworth, Dawn, Weeke, Peter E, Weiss, Raul, Wiggins, Kerri L, Xing, Heming, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M, Yu, Bing, Zannad, Faiez, Zhao, Jing Hua, Hemingway, Harry, Samani, Nilesh J, McMurray, John JV, Yang, Jian, Visscher, Peter M, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, Malarstig, Anders, Holm, Hilma, Lubitz, Steven A, Sattar, Naveed, Holmes, Michael V, Cappola, Thomas P, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Hingorani, Aroon D, Kuchenbaecker, Karoline, Ellinor, Patrick T, Lang, Chim C, Stefansson, Kari, Smith, J Gustav, Vasan, Ramachandran S, Swerdlow, Daniel I, and Lumbers, R Thomas

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21, Heart Failure, Microfilament Proteins, Muscle Proteins, Coronary Artery Disease, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Ventricular Function, Left, 3. Good health, Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies, Atrial Fibrillation, Humans, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins, Cardiomyopathies, Carrier Proteins, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A small proportion of HF cases are attributable to monogenic cardiomyopathies and existing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded only limited insights, leaving the observed heritability of HF largely unexplained. We report results from a GWAS meta-analysis of HF comprising 47,309 cases and 930,014 controls. Twelve independent variants at 11 genomic loci are associated with HF, all of which demonstrate one or more associations with coronary artery disease (CAD), atrial fibrillation, or reduced left ventricular function, suggesting shared genetic aetiology. Functional analysis of non-CAD-associated loci implicate genes involved in cardiac development (MYOZ1, SYNPO2L), protein homoeostasis (BAG3), and cellular senescence (CDKN1A). Mendelian randomisation analysis supports causal roles for several HF risk factors, and demonstrates CAD-independent effects for atrial fibrillation, body mass index, and hypertension. These findings extend our knowledge of the pathways underlying HF and may inform new therapeutic strategies.

32. The Influence of Age and Sex on Genetic Associations with Adult Body Size and Shape: A Large-Scale Genome-Wide Interaction Study

Author

Winkler, Thomas W, Justice, Anne E, Graff, Mariaelisa, Barata, Llilda, Feitosa, Mary F, Chu, Su, Czajkowski, Jacek, Esko, Tõnu, Fall, Tove, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O, Lu, Yingchang, Mägi, Reedik, Mihailov, Evelin, Pers, Tune H, Rüeger, Sina, Teumer, Alexander, Ehret, Georg B, Ferreira, Teresa, Heard-Costa, Nancy L, Karjalainen, Juha, Lagou, Vasiliki, Mahajan, Anubha, Neinast, Michael D, Prokopenko, Inga, Simino, Jeannette, Teslovich, Tanya M, Jansen, Rick, Westra, Harm-Jan, White, Charles C, Absher, Devin, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S, Ahmad, Shafqat, Albrecht, Eva, Alves, Alexessander Couto, Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L, De Craen, Anton JM, Bis, Joshua C, Bonnefond, Amélie, Boucher, Gabrielle, Cadby, Gemma, Cheng, Yu-Ching, Chiang, Charleston WK, Delgado, Graciela, Demirkan, Ayse, Dueker, Nicole, Eklund, Niina, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Eriksson, Joel, Feenstra, Bjarke, Fischer, Krista, Frau, Francesca, Galesloot, Tessel E, Geller, Frank, Goel, Anuj, Gorski, Mathias, Grammer, Tanja B, Gustafsson, Stefan, Haitjema, Saskia, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Huffman, Jennifer E, Jackson, Anne U, Jacobs, Kevin B, Johansson, Åsa, Kaakinen, Marika, Kleber, Marcus E, Lahti, Jari, Mateo Leach, Irene, Lehne, Benjamin, Liu, Youfang, Lo, Ken Sin, Lorentzon, Mattias, Luan, Jian'an, Madden, Pamela AF, Mangino, Massimo, McKnight, Barbara, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Monda, Keri L, Montasser, May E, Müller, Gabriele, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Nolte, Ilja M, Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope, Pascoe, Laura, Paternoster, Lavinia, Rayner, Nigel W, Renström, Frida, Rizzi, Federica, Rose, Lynda M, Ryan, Kathy A, Salo, Perttu, Sanna, Serena, Scharnagl, Hubert, Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert Vernon, Southam, Lorraine, Stančáková, Alena, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Strawbridge, Rona J, Sung, Yun Ju, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Tanaka, Toshiko, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Trompet, Stella, Pervjakova, Natalia, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Vandenput, Liesbeth, Van Der Laan, Sander W, Van Der Velde, Nathalie, Van Setten, Jessica, Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V, Verweij, Niek, Vlachopoulou, Efthymia, Waite, Lindsay L, Wang, Sophie R, Wang, Zhaoming, Wild, Sarah H, Willenborg, Christina, Wilson, James F, Wong, Andrew, Yang, Jian, Yengo, Loïc, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M, Yu, Lei, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing Hua, Andersson, Ehm A, Bakker, Stephan JL, Baldassarre, Damiano, Banasik, Karina, Barcella, Matteo, Barlassina, Cristina, Bellis, Claire, Benaglio, Paola, Blangero, John, Blüher, Matthias, Bonnet, Fabrice, Bonnycastle, Lori L, Boyd, Heather A, Bruinenberg, Marcel, Buchman, Aron S, Campbell, Harry, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Chines, Peter S, Claudi-Boehm, Simone, Cole, John, Collins, Francis S, De Geus, Eco JC, De Groot, Lisette CPGM, Dimitriou, Maria, Duan, Jubao, Enroth, Stefan, Eury, Elodie, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Forouhi, Nita G, Friedrich, Nele, Gejman, Pablo V, Gigante, Bruna, Glorioso, Nicola, Go, Alan S, Gottesman, Omri, Gräßler, Jürgen, Grallert, Harald, Grarup, Niels, Gu, Yu-Mei, Broer, Linda, Ham, Annelies C, Hansen, Torben, Harris, Tamara B, Hartman, Catharina A, Hassinen, Maija, Hastie, Nicholas, Hattersley, Andrew T, Heath, Andrew C, Henders, Anjali K, Hernandez, Dena, Hillege, Hans, Holmen, Oddgeir, Hovingh, Kees G, Hui, Jennie, Husemoen, Lise L, Hutri-Kähönen, Nina, Hysi, Pirro G, Illig, Thomas, De Jager, Philip L, Jalilzadeh, Shapour, Jørgensen, Torben, Jukema, J Wouter, Juonala, Markus, Kanoni, Stavroula, Karaleftheri, Maria, Khaw, Kay Tee, Kinnunen, Leena, Kittner, Steven J, Koenig, Wolfgang, Kolcic, Ivana, Kovacs, Peter, Krarup, Nikolaj T, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Krüger, Janine, Kuh, Diana, Kumari, Meena, Kyriakou, Theodosios, Langenberg, Claudia, Lannfelt, Lars, Lanzani, Chiara, Lotay, Vaneet, Launer, Lenore J, Leander, Karin, Lindström, Jaana, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Yan-Ping, Lobbens, Stéphane, Luben, Robert, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Männistö, Satu, Magnusson, Patrik K, McArdle, Wendy L, Menni, Cristina, Merger, Sigrun, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W, Morris, Andrew P, Narisu, Narisu, Nelis, Mari, Ong, Ken K, Palotie, Aarno, Pérusse, Louis, Pichler, Irene, Pilia, Maria G, Pouta, Anneli, Rheinberger, Myriam, Ribel-Madsen, Rasmus, Richards, Marcus, Rice, Kenneth M, Rice, Treva K, Rivolta, Carlo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R, Sarzynski, Mark A, Scholtens, Salome, Scott, Robert A, Scott, William R, Sebert, Sylvain, Sengupta, Sebanti, Sennblad, Bengt, Seufferlein, Thomas, Silveira, Angela, Slagboom, P Eline, Smit, Jan H, Sparsø, Thomas H, Stirrups, Kathleen, Stolk, Ronald P, Stringham, Heather M, Swertz, Morris A, Swift, Amy J, Syvänen, Ann-Christine, Tan, Sian-Tsung, Thorand, Barbara, Tönjes, Anke, Tremblay, Angelo, Tsafantakis, Emmanouil, Van Der Most, Peter J, Völker, Uwe, Vohl, Marie-Claude, Vonk, Judith M, Waldenberger, Melanie, Walker, Ryan W, Wennauer, Roman, Widén, Elisabeth, Willemsen, Gonneke, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wright, Alan F, Zillikens, M Carola, Van Dijk, Suzanne C, Van Schoor, Natasja M, Asselbergs, Folkert W, De Bakker, Paul IW, Beckmann, Jacques S, Beilby, John, Bennett, David A, Bergman, Richard N, Bergmann, Sven, Böger, Carsten A, Boehm, Bernhard O, Boerwinkle, Eric, Boomsma, Dorret I, Bornstein, Stefan R, Bottinger, Erwin P, Bouchard, Claude, Chambers, John C, Chanock, Stephen J, Chasman, Daniel I, Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Dedoussis, George, Erdmann, Jeanette, Eriksson, Johan G, Evans, Denis A, De Faire, Ulf, Farrall, Martin, Ferrucci, Luigi, Ford, Ian, Franke, Lude, Franks, Paul W, Froguel, Philippe, Gansevoort, Ron T, Gieger, Christian, Grönberg, Henrik, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Gyllensten, Ulf, Hall, Per, Hamsten, Anders, Van Der Harst, Pim, Hayward, Caroline, Heliövaara, Markku, Hengstenberg, Christian, Hicks, Andrew A, Hingorani, Aroon, Hofman, Albert, Hu, Frank, Huikuri, Heikki V, Hveem, Kristian, James, Alan L, Jordan, Joanne M, Jula, Antti, Kähönen, Mika, Kajantie, Eero, Kathiresan, Sekar, Kiemeney, Lambertus ALM, Kivimaki, Mika, Knekt, Paul B, Koistinen, Heikki A, Kooner, Jaspal S, Koskinen, Seppo, Kuusisto, Johanna, Maerz, Winfried, Martin, Nicholas G, Laakso, Markku, Lakka, Timo A, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lettre, Guillaume, Levinson, Douglas F, Lind, Lars, Lokki, Marja-Liisa, Mäntyselkä, Pekka, Melbye, Mads, Metspalu, Andres, Mitchell, Braxton D, Moll, Frans L, Murray, Jeffrey C, Musk, Arthur W, Nieminen, Markku S, Njølstad, Inger, Ohlsson, Claes, Oldehinkel, Albertine J, Oostra, Ben A, Palmer, Lyle J, Pankow, James S, Pasterkamp, Gerard, Pedersen, Nancy L, Pedersen, Oluf, Penninx, Brenda W, Perola, Markus, Peters, Annette, Polašek, Ozren, Pramstaller, Peter P, Psaty, Bruce M, Qi, Lu, Quertermous, Thomas, Raitakari, Olli T, Rankinen, Tuomo, Rauramaa, Rainer, Ridker, Paul M, Rioux, John D, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Rotter, Jerome I, Rudan, Igor, Den Ruijter, Hester M, Saltevo, Juha, Sattar, Naveed, Schunkert, Heribert, Schwarz, Peter EH, Shuldiner, Alan R, Sinisalo, Juha, Snieder, Harold, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, Spector, Tim D, Staessen, Jan A, Stefania, Bandinelli, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Stumvoll, Michael, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Tremoli, Elena, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Uitterlinden, André G, Uusitupa, Matti, Verbeek, André LM, Vermeulen, Sita H, Viikari, Jorma S, Vitart, Veronique, Völzke, Henry, Vollenweider, Peter, Waeber, Gérard, Walker, Mark, Wallaschofski, Henri, Wareham, Nicholas J, Watkins, Hugh, Zeggini, Eleftheria, CHARGE Consortium, DIAGRAM Consortium, GLGC Consortium, Global-BPGen Consortium, ICBP Consortium, MAGIC Consortium, Chakravarti, Aravinda, Clegg, Deborah J, Cupples, L Adrienne, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Jaquish, Cashell E, Rao, DC, Abecasis, Goncalo R, Assimes, Themistocles L, Barroso, Inês, Berndt, Sonja I, Boehnke, Michael, Deloukas, Panos, Fox, Caroline S, Groop, Leif C, Hunter, David J, Ingelsson, Erik, Kaplan, Robert C, McCarthy, Mark I, Mohlke, Karen L, O'Connell, Jeffrey R, Schlessinger, David, Strachan, David P, Stefansson, Kari, Van Duijn, Cornelia M, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Lindgren, Cecilia M, Heid, Iris M, North, Kari E, Borecki, Ingrid B, Kutalik, Zoltán, and Loos, Ruth JF

Subjects
Adult, Male, Sex Characteristics, Waist-Hip Ratio, Age Factors, Chromosome Mapping, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, 3. Good health, Body Mass Index, Body Size, Humans, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Aged, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 100 genetic variants contributing to BMI, a measure of body size, or waist-to-hip ratio (adjusted for BMI, WHRadjBMI), a measure of body shape. Body size and shape change as people grow older and these changes differ substantially between men and women. To systematically screen for age- and/or sex-specific effects of genetic variants on BMI and WHRadjBMI, we performed meta-analyses of 114 studies (up to 320,485 individuals of European descent) with genome-wide chip and/or Metabochip data by the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) Consortium. Each study tested the association of up to ~2.8M SNPs with BMI and WHRadjBMI in four strata (men ≤50y, men >50y, women ≤50y, women >50y) and summary statistics were combined in stratum-specific meta-analyses. We then screened for variants that showed age-specific effects (G x AGE), sex-specific effects (G x SEX) or age-specific effects that differed between men and women (G x AGE x SEX). For BMI, we identified 15 loci (11 previously established for main effects, four novel) that showed significant (FDR

33. Associations of autozygosity with a broad range of human phenotypes

Author

Clark, David W, Okada, Yukinori, Moore, Kristjan HS, Mason, Dan, Pirastu, Nicola, Gandin, Ilaria, Mattsson, Hannele, Barnes, Catriona LK, Lin, Kuang, Zhao, Jing Hua, Deelen, Patrick, Rohde, Rebecca, Schurmann, Claudia, Guo, Xiuqing, Giulianini, Franco, Zhang, Weihua, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Karlsson, Robert, Bao, Yanchun, Bartz, Traci M, Baumbach, Clemens, Biino, Ginevra, Bixley, Matthew J, Brumat, Marco, Chai, Jin-Fang, Corre, Tanguy, Cousminer, Diana L, Dekker, Annelot M, Eccles, David A, Van Eijk, Kristel R, Fuchsberger, Christian, Gao, He, Germain, Marine, Gordon, Scott D, De Haan, Hugoline G, Harris, Sarah E, Hofer, Edith, Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia, Igartua, Catherine, Jansen, Iris E, Jia, Yucheng, Kacprowski, Tim, Karlsson, Torgny, Kleber, Marcus E, Li, Shengchao Alfred, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Mahajan, Anubha, Matsuda, Koichi, Meidtner, Karina, Meng, Weihua, Montasser, May E, Van Der Most, Peter J, Munz, Matthias, Nutile, Teresa, Palviainen, Teemu, Prasad, Gauri, Prasad, Rashmi B, Priyanka, Tallapragada Divya Sri, Rizzi, Federica, Salvi, Erika, Sapkota, Bishwa R, Shriner, Daniel, Skotte, Line, Smart, Melissa C, Smith, Albert Vernon, Van Der Spek, Ashley, Spracklen, Cassandra N, Strawbridge, Rona J, Tajuddin, Salman M, Trompet, Stella, Turman, Constance, Verweij, Niek, Viberti, Clara, Wang, Lihua, Warren, Helen R, Wootton, Robyn E, Yanek, Lisa R, Yao, Jie, Yousri, Noha A, Zhao, Wei, Adeyemo, Adebowale A, Afaq, Saima, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos Alberto, Akiyama, Masato, Albert, Matthew L, Allison, Matthew A, Alver, Maris, Aung, Tin, Azizi, Fereidoun, Bentley, Amy R, Boeing, Heiner, Boerwinkle, Eric, Borja, Judith B, De Borst, Gert J, Bottinger, Erwin P, Broer, Linda, Campbell, Harry, Chanock, Stephen, Chee, Miao-Li, Chen, Guanjie, Chen, Yii-Der I, Chen, Zhengming, Chiu, Yen-Feng, Cocca, Massimiliano, Collins, Francis S, Concas, Maria Pina, Corley, Janie, Cugliari, Giovanni, Van Dam, Rob M, Damulina, Anna, Daneshpour, Maryam S, Day, Felix R, Delgado, Graciela E, Dhana, Klodian, Doney, Alexander SF, Dörr, Marcus, Doumatey, Ayo P, Dzimiri, Nduna, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Elliott, Joshua, Elliott, Paul, Ewert, Ralf, Felix, Janine F, Fischer, Krista, Freedman, Barry I, Girotto, Giorgia, Goel, Anuj, Gögele, Martin, Goodarzi, Mark O, Graff, Mariaelisa, Granot-Hershkovitz, Einat, Grodstein, Francine, Guarrera, Simonetta, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, Guity, Kamran, Gunnarsson, Bjarni, Guo, Yu, Hagenaars, Saskia P, Haiman, Christopher A, Halevy, Avner, Harris, Tamara B, Hedayati, Mehdi, Van Heel, David A, Hirata, Makoto, Höfer, Imo, Hsiung, Chao Agnes, Huang, Jinyan, Hung, Yi-Jen, Ikram, M Arfan, Jagadeesan, Anuradha, Jousilahti, Pekka, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Kanai, Masahiro, Kerrison, Nicola D, Kessler, Thorsten, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Khor, Chiea Chuen, De Kleijn, Dominique PV, Koh, Woon-Puay, Kolcic, Ivana, Kraft, Peter, Krämer, Bernhard K, Kutalik, Zoltán, Kuusisto, Johanna, Langenberg, Claudia, Launer, Lenore J, Lawlor, Deborah A, Lee, I-Te, Lee, Wen-Jane, Lerch, Markus M, Li, Liming, Liu, Jianjun, Loh, Marie, London, Stephanie J, Loomis, Stephanie, Lu, Yingchang, Luan, Jian'an, Mägi, Reedik, Manichaikul, Ani W, Manunta, Paolo, Másson, Gísli, Matoba, Nana, Mei, Xue W, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thomas, Mezzavilla, Massimo, Milani, Lili, Millwood, Iona Y, Momozawa, Yukihide, Moore, Amy, Morange, Pierre-Emmanuel, Moreno-Macías, Hortensia, Mori, Trevor A, Morrison, Alanna C, Muka, Taulant, Murakami, Yoshinori, Murray, Alison D, De Mutsert, Renée, Mychaleckyj, Josyf C, Nalls, Mike A, Nauck, Matthias, Neville, Matt J, Nolte, Ilja M, Ong, Ken K, Orozco, Lorena, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Pálsson, Gunnar, Pankow, James S, Pattaro, Cristian, Pattie, Alison, Polasek, Ozren, Poulter, Neil, Pramstaller, Peter P, Quintana-Murci, Lluis, Räikkönen, Katri, Ralhan, Sarju, Rao, Dabeeru C, Van Rheenen, Wouter, Rich, Stephen S, Ridker, Paul M, Rietveld, Cornelius A, Robino, Antonietta, Van Rooij, Frank JA, Ruggiero, Daniela, Saba, Yasaman, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Sabater-Lleal, Maria, Sala, Cinzia Felicita, Salomaa, Veikko, Sandow, Kevin, Schmidt, Helena, Scott, Laura J, Scott, William R, Sedaghati-Khayat, Bahareh, Sennblad, Bengt, Van Setten, Jessica, Sever, Peter J, Sheu, Wayne H-H, Shi, Yuan, Shrestha, Smeeta, Shukla, Sharvari Rahul, Sigurdsson, Jon K, Sikka, Timo Tonis, Singh, Jai Rup, Smith, Blair H, Stančáková, Alena, Stanton, Alice, Starr, John M, Stefansdottir, Lilja, Straker, Leon, Sulem, Patrick, Sveinbjornsson, Gardar, Swertz, Morris A, Taylor, Adele M, Taylor, Kent D, Terzikhan, Natalie, Tham, Yih-Chung, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Tillander, Annika, Tracy, Russell P, Tusié-Luna, Teresa, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Vaccargiu, Simona, Vangipurapu, Jagadish, Veldink, Jan H, Vitart, Veronique, Völker, Uwe, Vuoksimaa, Eero, Wakil, Salma M, Waldenberger, Melanie, Wander, Gurpreet S, Wang, Ya Xing, Wareham, Nicholas J, Wild, Sarah, Yajnik, Chittaranjan S, Yuan, Jian-Min, Zeng, Lingyao, Zhang, Liang, Zhou, Jie, Amin, Najaf, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Bakker, Stephan JL, Becker, Diane M, Lehne, Benjamin, Bennett, David A, Van Den Berg, Leonard H, Berndt, Sonja I, Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan, Bielak, Lawrence F, Bochud, Murielle, Boehnke, Mike, Bouchard, Claude, Bradfield, Jonathan P, Brody, Jennifer A, Campbell, Archie, Carmi, Shai, Caulfield, Mark J, Cesarini, David, Chambers, John C, Chandak, Giriraj Ratan, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Ciullo, Marina, Cornelis, Marilyn, Cusi, Daniele, Smith, George Davey, Deary, Ian J, Dorajoo, Rajkumar, Van Duijn, Cornelia M, Ellinghaus, David, Erdmann, Jeanette, Eriksson, Johan G, Evangelou, Evangelos, Evans, Michele K, Faul, Jessica D, Feenstra, Bjarke, Feitosa, Mary, Foisy, Sylvain, Franke, Andre, Friedlander, Yechiel, Gasparini, Paolo, Gieger, Christian, Gonzalez, Clicerio, Goyette, Philippe, Grant, Struan FA, Griffiths, Lyn R, Groop, Leif, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Gyllensten, Ulf, Hakonarson, Hakon, Hamsten, Anders, Van Der Harst, Pim, Heng, Chew-Kiat, Hicks, Andrew A, Hochner, Hagit, Huikuri, Heikki, Hunt, Steven C, Jaddoe, Vincent WV, De Jager, Philip L, Johannesson, Magnus, Johansson, Åsa, Jonas, Jost B, Jukema, J Wouter, Junttila, Juhani, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon LR, Karpe, Fredrik, Kumari, Meena, Laakso, Markku, Van Der Laan, Sander W, Lahti, Jari, Laudes, Matthias, Lea, Rodney A, Lieb, Wolfgang, Lumley, Thomas, Martin, Nicholas G, März, Winfried, Matullo, Giuseppe, McCarthy, Mark I, Medland, Sarah E, Merriman, Tony R, Metspalu, Andres, Meyer, Brian F, Mohlke, Karen L, Montgomery, Grant W, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis, Munroe, Patricia B, North, Kari E, Nyholt, Dale R, O'connell, Jeffery R, Ober, Carole, Oldehinkel, Albertine J, Palmas, Walter, Palmer, Colin, Pasterkamp, Gerard G, Patin, Etienne, Pennell, Craig E, Perusse, Louis, Peyser, Patricia A, Pirastu, Mario, Polderman, Tinca JC, Porteous, David J, Posthuma, Danielle, Psaty, Bruce M, Rioux, John D, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Rotimi, Charles, Rotter, Jerome I, Rudan, Igor, Den Ruijter, Hester M, Sanghera, Dharambir K, Sattar, Naveed, Schmidt, Reinhold, Schulze, Matthias B, Schunkert, Heribert, Scott, Robert A, Shuldiner, Alan R, Sim, Xueling, Small, Neil, Smith, Jennifer A, Sotoodehnia, Nona, Tai, E-Shyong, Teumer, Alexander, Timpson, Nicholas J, Toniolo, Daniela, Tregouet, David-Alexandre, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Vollenweider, Peter, Wang, Carol A, Weir, David R, Whitfield, John B, Wijmenga, Cisca, Wong, Tien-Yin, Wright, John, Yang, Jingyun, Yu, Lei, Zemel, Babette S, Zonderman, Alan B, Perola, Markus, Magnusson, Patrik KE, Uitterlinden, André G, Kooner, Jaspal S, Chasman, Daniel I, Loos, Ruth JF, Franceschini, Nora, Franke, Lude, Haley, Chris S, Hayward, Caroline, Walters, Robin G, Perry, John RB, Esko, Tōnu, Helgason, Agnar, Stefansson, Kari, Joshi, Peter K, Kubo, Michiaki, and Wilson, James F

Subjects
Consanguinity, Cognition, Fertility, Inbreeding Depression, Risk-Taking, Haplotypes, Health Status, Homozygote, Body Size, Humans, Alleles, 3. Good health
Abstract

In many species, the offspring of related parents suffer reduced reproductive success, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. In humans, the importance of this effect has remained unclear, partly because reproduction between close relatives is both rare and frequently associated with confounding social factors. Here, using genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) for >1.4 million individuals, we show that FROH is significantly associated (p < 0.0005) with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed. These changes are associated with runs of homozygosity (ROH), but not with common variant homozygosity, suggesting that genetic variants associated with inbreeding depression are predominantly rare. The effect on fertility is striking: FROH equivalent to the offspring of first cousins is associated with a 55% decrease [95% CI 44-66%] in the odds of having children. Finally, the effects of FROH are confirmed within full-sibling pairs, where the variation in FROH is independent of all environmental confounding.

34. The genomics of heart failure: design and rationale of the HERMES consortium

Author

Lumbers, R Thomas, Shah, Sonia, Lin, Honghuang, Czuba, Tomasz, Henry, Albert, Swerdlow, Daniel I, Mälarstig, Anders, Andersson, Charlotte, Verweij, Niek, Holmes, Michael V, Ärnlöv, Johan, Svensson, Per, Hemingway, Harry, Sallah, Neneh, Almgren, Peter, Aragam, Krishna G, Asselin, Geraldine, Backman, Joshua D, Biggs, Mary L, Bloom, Heather L, Boersma, Eric, Brandimarto, Jeffrey, Brown, Michael R, Brunner-La Rocca, Hans-Peter, Carey, David J, Chaffin, Mark D, Chasman, Daniel I, Chazara, Olympe, Chen, Xing, Chen, Xu, Chung, Jonathan H, Chutkow, William, Cleland, John GF, Cook, James P, De Denus, Simon, Dehghan, Abbas, Delgado, Graciela E, Denaxas, Spiros, Doney, Alexander S, Dörr, Marcus, Dudley, Samuel C, Engström, Gunnar, Esko, Tõnu, Fatemifar, Ghazaleh, Felix, Stephan B, Finan, Chris, Ford, Ian, Fougerousse, Francoise, Fouodjio, René, Ghanbari, Mohsen, Ghasemi, Sahar, Giedraitis, Vilmantas, Giulianini, Franco, Gottdiener, John S, Gross, Stefan, Guðbjartsson, Daníel F, Gui, Hongsheng, Gutmann, Rebecca, Haggerty, Christopher M, Van Der Harst, Pim, Hedman, Åsa K, Helgadottir, Anna, Hillege, Hans, Hyde, Craig L, Jacob, Jaison, Jukema, J Wouter, Kamanu, Frederick, Kardys, Isabella, Kavousi, Maryam, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kleber, Marcus E, Køber, Lars, Koekemoer, Andrea, Kraus, Bill, Kuchenbaecker, Karoline, Langenberg, Claudia, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia M, London, Barry, Lotta, Luca A, Lovering, Ruth C, Luan, Jian'an, Magnusson, Patrik, Mahajan, Anubha, Mann, Douglas, Margulies, Kenneth B, Marston, Nicholas A, März, Winfried, McMurray, John JV, Melander, Olle, Melloni, Giorgio, Mordi, Ify R, Morley, Michael P, Morris, Andrew D, Morris, Andrew P, Morrison, Alanna C, Nagle, Michael W, Nelson, Christopher P, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, Niessner, Alexander, Niiranen, Teemu, Nowak, Christoph, O'Donoghue, Michelle L, Owens, Anjali T, Palmer, Colin NA, Paré, Guillaume, Perola, Markus, Perreault, Louis-Philippe Lemieux, Portilla-Fernandez, Eliana, Psaty, Bruce M, Rice, Kenneth M, Ridker, Paul M, Romaine, Simon PR, Roselli, Carolina, Rotter, Jerome I, Ruff, Christian T, Sabatine, Marc S, Salo, Perttu, Salomaa, Veikko, Van Setten, Jessica, Shalaby, Alaa A, Smelser, Diane T, Smith, Nicholas L, Stefansson, Kari, Stender, Steen, Stott, David J, Sveinbjörnsson, Garðar, Tammesoo, Mari-Liis, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Taylor, Kent D, Teder-Laving, Maris, Teumer, Alexander, Thorgeirsson, Guðmundur, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Torp-Pedersen, Christian, Trompet, Stella, Tuckwell, Danny, Tyl, Benoit, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Vaura, Felix, Veluchamy, Abirami, Visscher, Peter M, Völker, Uwe, Voors, Adriaan A, Wang, Xiaosong, Wareham, Nicholas J, Weeke, Peter E, Weiss, Raul, White, Harvey D, Wiggins, Kerri L, Xing, Heming, Yang, Jian, Yang, Yifan, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M, Yu, Bing, Zannad, Faiez, Zhao, Faye, Regeneron Genetics Center, Wilk, Jemma B, Holm, Hilma, Sattar, Naveed, Lubitz, Steven A, Lanfear, David E, Shah, Svati, Dunn, Michael E, Wells, Quinn S, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Hingorani, Aroon D, Dubé, Marie-Pierre, Samani, Nilesh J, Lang, Chim C, Cappola, Thomas P, Ellinor, Patrick T, Vasan, Ramachandran S, and Smith, J Gustav

Subjects
Aged, 80 and over, Heart Failure, Male, Cardiomyopathy, Genomics, Middle Aged, 16. Peace & justice, Prognosis, 3. Good health, FOS: Biological sciences, Genetics, Humans, Female, Biomarkers, Association studies, Aged, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

AIMS: The HERMES (HEart failure Molecular Epidemiology for Therapeutic targetS) consortium aims to identify the genomic and molecular basis of heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS: The consortium currently includes 51 studies from 11 countries, including 68 157 heart failure cases and 949 888 controls, with data on heart failure events and prognosis. All studies collected biological samples and performed genome-wide genotyping of common genetic variants. The enrolment of subjects into participating studies ranged from 1948 to the present day, and the median follow-up following heart failure diagnosis ranged from 2 to 116 months. Forty-nine of 51 individual studies enrolled participants of both sexes; in these studies, participants with heart failure were predominantly male (34-90%). The mean age at diagnosis or ascertainment across all studies ranged from 54 to 84 years. Based on the aggregate sample, we estimated 80% power to genetic variant associations with risk of heart failure with an odds ratio of ≥1.10 for common variants (allele frequency ≥ 0.05) and ≥1.20 for low-frequency variants (allele frequency 0.01-0.05) at P < 5 × 10-8 under an additive genetic model. CONCLUSIONS: HERMES is a global collaboration aiming to (i) identify the genetic determinants of heart failure; (ii) generate insights into the causal pathways leading to heart failure and enable genetic approaches to target prioritization; and (iii) develop genomic tools for disease stratification and risk prediction.

35. Protein-altering variants associated with body mass index implicate pathways that control energy intake and expenditure in obesity

Author

Turcot, Valérie, Lu, Yingchang, Highland, Heather M, Schurmann, Claudia, Justice, Anne E, Fine, Rebecca S, Bradfield, Jonathan P, Esko, Tõnu, Giri, Ayush, Graff, Mariaelisa, Guo, Xiuqing, Hendricks, Audrey E, Karaderi, Tugce, Lempradl, Adelheid, Locke, Adam E, Mahajan, Anubha, Marouli, Eirini, Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh, Young, Kristin L, Alfred, Tamuno, Feitosa, Mary F, Masca, Nicholas GD, Manning, Alisa K, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Mudgal, Poorva, Ng, Maggie CY, Reiner, Alex P, Vedantam, Sailaja, Willems, Sara M, Winkler, Thomas W, Abecasis, Gonçalo, Aben, Katja K, Alam, Dewan S, Alharthi, Sameer E, Allison, Matthew, Amouyel, Philippe, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Auer, Paul L, Balkau, Beverley, Bang, Lia E, Barroso, Inês, Bastarache, Lisa, Benn, Marianne, Bergmann, Sven, Bielak, Lawrence F, Blüher, Matthias, Boehnke, Michael, Boeing, Heiner, Boerwinkle, Eric, Böger, Carsten A, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Bots, Michiel L, Bottinger, Erwin P, Bowden, Donald W, Brandslund, Ivan, Breen, Gerome, Brilliant, Murray H, Broer, Linda, Brumat, Marco, Burt, Amber A, Butterworth, Adam S, Campbell, Peter T, Cappellani, Stefania, Carey, David J, Catamo, Eulalia, Caulfield, Mark J, Chambers, John C, Chasman, Daniel I, Chen, Yii-Der I, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Cramer, Chu, Audrey Y, Cocca, Massimiliano, Collins, Francis S, Cook, James P, Corley, Janie, Corominas Galbany, Jordi, Cox, Amanda J, Crosslin, David S, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, D'Eustacchio, Angela, Danesh, John, Davies, Gail, Bakker, Paul IW, Groot, Mark CH, Mutsert, Renée, Deary, Ian J, Dedoussis, George, Demerath, Ellen W, Heijer, Martin, Hollander, Anneke I, Ruijter, Hester M, Dennis, Joe G, Denny, Josh C, Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Drenos, Fotios, Du, Mengmeng, Dubé, Marie-Pierre, Dunning, Alison M, Easton, Douglas F, Edwards, Todd L, Ellinghaus, David, Ellinor, Patrick T, Elliott, Paul, Evangelou, Evangelos, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Farooqi, I Sadaf, Faul, Jessica D, Fauser, Sascha, Feng, Shuang, Ferrannini, Ele, Ferrieres, Jean, Florez, Jose C, Ford, Ian, Fornage, Myriam, Franco, Oscar H, Franke, Andre, Franks, Paul W, Friedrich, Nele, Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth, Galesloot, Tessel E, Gan, Wei, Gandin, Ilaria, Gasparini, Paolo, Gibson, Jane, Giedraitis, Vilmantas, Gjesing, Anette P, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Gorski, Mathias, Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Grant, Struan FA, Grarup, Niels, Griffiths, Helen L, Grove, Megan L, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Gustafsson, Stefan, Haessler, Jeff, Hakonarson, Hakon, Hammerschlag, Anke R, Hansen, Torben, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Harris, Tamara B, Hattersley, Andrew T, Have, Christian T, Hayward, Caroline, He, Liang, Heard-Costa, Nancy L, Heath, Andrew C, Heid, Iris M, Helgeland, Øyvind, Hernesniemi, Jussi, Hewitt, Alex W, Holmen, Oddgeir L, Hovingh, G Kees, Howson, Joanna MM, Hu, Yao, Huang, Paul L, Huffman, Jennifer E, Ikram, M Arfan, Ingelsson, Erik, Jackson, Anne U, Jansson, Jan-Håkan, Jarvik, Gail P, Jensen, Gorm B, Jia, Yucheng, Johansson, Stefan, Jørgensen, Marit E, Jørgensen, Torben, Jukema, J Wouter, Kahali, Bratati, Kahn, René S, Kähönen, Mika, Kamstrup, Pia R, Kanoni, Stavroula, Kaprio, Jaakko, Karaleftheri, Maria, Kardia, Sharon LR, Karpe, Fredrik, Kathiresan, Sekar, Kee, Frank, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Kim, Eric, Kitajima, Hidetoshi, Komulainen, Pirjo, Kooner, Jaspal S, Kooperberg, Charles, Korhonen, Tellervo, Kovacs, Peter, Kuivaniemi, Helena, Kutalik, Zoltán, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lakka, Timo A, Lamparter, David, Lange, Ethan M, Lange, Leslie A, Langenberg, Claudia, Larson, Eric B, Lee, Nanette R, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lewis, Cora E, Li, Huaixing, Li, Jin, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lin, Honghuang, Lin, Keng-Hung, Lin, Li-An, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Lindström, Jaana, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Dajiang J, Liu, Yongmei, Lo, Ken S, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Lotery, Andrew J, Loukola, Anu, Luan, Jian'an, Lubitz, Steven A, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Männistö, Satu, Marenne, Gaëlle, Mazul, Angela L, McCarthy, Mark I, McKean-Cowdin, Roberta, Medland, Sarah E, Meidtner, Karina, Milani, Lili, Mistry, Vanisha, Mitchell, Paul, Mohlke, Karen L, Moilanen, Leena, Moitry, Marie, Montgomery, Grant W, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O, Moore, Carmel, Mori, Trevor A, Morris, Andrew D, Morris, Andrew P, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Munroe, Patricia B, Nalls, Mike A, Narisu, Narisu, Nelson, Christopher P, Neville, Matt, Nielsen, Sune F, Nikus, Kjell, Njølstad, Pål R, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Nyholt, Dale R, O'Connel, Jeffrey R, O'Donoghue, Michelle L, Olde Loohuis, Loes M, Ophoff, Roel A, Owen, Katharine R, Packard, Chris J, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Palmer, Colin NA, Palmer, Nicholette D, Pasterkamp, Gerard, Patel, Aniruddh P, Pattie, Alison, Pedersen, Oluf, Peissig, Peggy L, Peloso, Gina M, Pennell, Craig E, Perola, Markus, Perry, James A, Perry, John RB, Pers, Tune H, Person, Thomas N, Peters, Annette, Petersen, Eva RB, Peyser, Patricia A, Pirie, Ailith, Polasek, Ozren, Polderman, Tinca J, Puolijoki, Hannu, Raitakari, Olli T, Rasheed, Asif, Rauramaa, Rainer, Reilly, Dermot F, Renström, Frida, Rheinberger, Myriam, Ridker, Paul M, Rioux, John D, Rivas, Manuel A, Roberts, David J, Robertson, Neil R, Robino, Antonietta, Rolandsson, Olov, Rudan, Igor, Ruth, Katherine S, Saleheen, Danish, Salomaa, Veikko, Samani, Nilesh J, Sapkota, Yadav, Sattar, Naveed, Schoen, Robert E, Schreiner, Pamela J, Schulze, Matthias B, Scott, Robert A, Segura-Lepe, Marcelo P, Shah, Svati H, Sheu, Wayne H-H, Sim, Xueling, Slater, Andrew J, Small, Kerrin S, Smith, Albert V, Southam, Lorraine, Spector, Timothy D, Speliotes, Elizabeth K, Starr, John M, Stefansson, Kari, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Stirrups, Kathleen E, Strauch, Konstantin, Stringham, Heather M, Stumvoll, Michael, Sun, Liang, Surendran, Praveen, Swift, Amy J, Tada, Hayato, Tansey, Katherine E, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Taylor, Kent D, Teumer, Alexander, Thompson, Deborah J, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thuesen, Betina H, Tönjes, Anke, Tromp, Gerard, Trompet, Stella, Tsafantakis, Emmanouil, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Uher, Rudolf, Uitterlinden, André G, Uusitupa, Matti, Laan, Sander W, Duijn, Cornelia M, Leeuwen, Nienke, Van Setten, Jessica, Vanhala, Mauno, Varbo, Anette, Varga, Tibor V, Varma, Rohit, Velez Edwards, Digna R, Vermeulen, Sita H, Veronesi, Giovanni, Vestergaard, Henrik, Vitart, Veronique, Vogt, Thomas F, Völker, Uwe, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wagenknecht, Lynne E, Walker, Mark, Wallentin, Lars, Wang, Feijie, Wang, Carol A, Wang, Shuai, Wang, Yiqin, Ware, Erin B, Wareham, Nicholas J, Warren, Helen R, Waterworth, Dawn M, Wessel, Jennifer, White, Harvey D, Willer, Cristen J, Wilson, James G, Witte, Daniel R, Wood, Andrew R, Wu, Ying, Yaghootkar, Hanieh, Yao, Jie, Yao, Pang, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M, Young, Robin, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zhan, Xiaowei, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing Hua, Zhao, Wei, Zhou, Wei, Zondervan, Krina T, CHD Exome+ Consortium, EPIC-CVD Consortium, ExomeBP Consortium, Global Lipids Genetic Consortium, GoT2D Genes Consortium, EPIC InterAct Consortium, INTERVAL Study, ReproGen Consortium, T2D-Genes Consortium, MAGIC Investigators, Understanding Society Scientific Group, Rotter, Jerome I, Pospisilik, John A, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Borecki, Ingrid B, Deloukas, Panos, Frayling, Timothy M, Lettre, Guillaume, North, Kari E, Lindgren, Cecilia M, Hirschhorn, Joel N, and Loos, Ruth JF

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, Adult, Male, Genetic Variation, Proteins, Syndrome, Body Mass Index, Gene Frequency, Animals, Humans, Drosophila, Female, Obesity, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >250 loci for body mass index (BMI), implicating pathways related to neuronal biology. Most GWAS loci represent clusters of common, noncoding variants from which pinpointing causal genes remains challenging. Here we combined data from 718,734 individuals to discover rare and low-frequency (minor allele frequency (MAF) < 5%) coding variants associated with BMI. We identified 14 coding variants in 13 genes, of which 8 variants were in genes (ZBTB7B, ACHE, RAPGEF3, RAB21, ZFHX3, ENTPD6, ZFR2 and ZNF169) newly implicated in human obesity, 2 variants were in genes (MC4R and KSR2) previously observed to be mutated in extreme obesity and 2 variants were in GIPR. The effect sizes of rare variants are ~10 times larger than those of common variants, with the largest effect observed in carriers of an MC4R mutation introducing a stop codon (p.Tyr35Ter, MAF = 0.01%), who weighed ~7 kg more than non-carriers. Pathway analyses based on the variants associated with BMI confirm enrichment of neuronal genes and provide new evidence for adipocyte and energy expenditure biology, widening the potential of genetically supported therapeutic targets in obesity.

36. Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis

Author

Stavroula Kanoni, Sarah E. Graham, Yuxuan Wang, Ida Surakka, Shweta Ramdas, Xiang Zhu, Shoa L. Clarke, Konain Fatima Bhatti, Sailaja Vedantam, Thomas W. Winkler, Adam E. Locke, Eirini Marouli, Greg J. M. Zajac, Kuan-Han H. Wu, Ioanna Ntalla, Qin Hui, Derek Klarin, Austin T. Hilliard, Zeyuan Wang, Chao Xue, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Anna Helgadottir, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Hilma Holm, Isleifur Olafsson, Mi Yeong Hwang, Sohee Han, Masato Akiyama, Saori Sakaue, Chikashi Terao, Masahiro Kanai, Wei Zhou, Ben M. Brumpton, Humaira Rasheed, Aki S. Havulinna, Yogasudha Veturi, Jennifer Allen Pacheco, Elisabeth A. Rosenthal, Todd Lingren, QiPing Feng, Iftikhar J. Kullo, Akira Narita, Jun Takayama, Hilary C. Martin, Karen A. Hunt, Bhavi Trivedi, Jeffrey Haessler, Franco Giulianini, Yuki Bradford, Jason E. Miller, Archie Campbell, Kuang Lin, Iona Y. Millwood, Asif Rasheed, George Hindy, Jessica D. Faul, Wei Zhao, David R. Weir, Constance Turman, Hongyan Huang, Mariaelisa Graff, Ananyo Choudhury, Dhriti Sengupta, Anubha Mahajan, Michael R. Brown, Weihua Zhang, Ketian Yu, Ellen M. Schmidt, Anita Pandit, Stefan Gustafsson, Xianyong Yin, Jian’an Luan, Jing-Hua Zhao, Fumihiko Matsuda, Hye-Mi Jang, Kyungheon Yoon, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Achilleas Pitsillides, Jouke Jan Hottenga, Andrew R. Wood, Yingji Ji, Zishan Gao, Simon Haworth, Noha A. Yousri, Ruth E. Mitchell, Jin Fang Chai, Mette Aadahl, Anne A. Bjerregaard, Jie Yao, Ani Manichaikul, Chii-Min Hwu, Yi-Jen Hung, Helen R. Warren, Julia Ramirez, Jette Bork-Jensen, Line L. Kårhus, Anuj Goel, Maria Sabater-Lleal, Raymond Noordam, Pala Mauro, Floris Matteo, Aaron F. McDaid, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Matthias Wielscher, Stella Trompet, Naveed Sattar, Line T. Møllehave, Matthias Munz, Lingyao Zeng, Jianfeng Huang, Bin Yang, Alaitz Poveda, Azra Kurbasic, Claudia Lamina, Lukas Forer, Markus Scholz, Tessel E. Galesloot, Jonathan P. Bradfield, Sanni E. Ruotsalainen, EWarwick Daw, Joseph M. Zmuda, Jonathan S. Mitchell, Christian Fuchsberger, Henry Christensen, Jennifer A. Brody, Miguel Vazquez-Moreno, Mary F. Feitosa, Mary K. Wojczynski, Zhe Wang, Michael H. Preuss, Massimo Mangino, Paraskevi Christofidou, Niek Verweij, Jan W. Benjamins, Jorgen Engmann, Noah L. Tsao, Anurag Verma, Roderick C. Slieker, Ken Sin Lo, Nuno R. Zilhao, Phuong Le, Marcus E. Kleber, Graciela E. Delgado, Shaofeng Huo, Daisuke D. Ikeda, Hiroyuki Iha, Jian Yang, Jun Liu, Ayşe Demirkan, Hampton L. Leonard, Jonathan Marten, Mirjam Frank, Börge Schmidt, Laura J. Smyth, Marisa Cañadas-Garre, Chaolong Wang, Masahiro Nakatochi, Andrew Wong, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Xueling Sim, Rui Xia, Alicia Huerta-Chagoya, Juan Carlos Fernandez-Lopez, Valeriya Lyssenko, Suraj S. Nongmaithem, Swati Bayyana, Heather M. Stringham, Marguerite R. Irvin, Christopher Oldmeadow, Han-Na Kim, Seungho Ryu, Paul R. H. J. Timmers, Liubov Arbeeva, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Leslie A. Lange, Gauri Prasad, Laura Lorés-Motta, Marc Pauper, Jirong Long, Xiaohui Li, Elizabeth Theusch, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Cassandra N. Spracklen, Anu Loukola, Sailalitha Bollepalli, Sophie C. Warner, Ya Xing Wang, Wen B. Wei, Teresa Nutile, Daniela Ruggiero, Yun Ju Sung, Shufeng Chen, Fangchao Liu, Jingyun Yang, Katherine A. Kentistou, Bernhard Banas, Giuseppe Giovanni Nardone, Karina Meidtner, Lawrence F. Bielak, Jennifer A. Smith, Prashantha Hebbar, Aliki-Eleni Farmaki, Edith Hofer, Maoxuan Lin, Maria Pina Concas, Simona Vaccargiu, Peter J. van der Most, Niina Pitkänen, Brian E. Cade, Sander W. van der Laan, Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala, Stefan Weiss, Amy R. Bentley, Ayo P. Doumatey, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Jong Young Lee, Eva R. B. Petersen, Aneta A. Nielsen, Hyeok Sun Choi, Maria Nethander, Sandra Freitag-Wolf, Lorraine Southam, Nigel W. Rayner, Carol A. Wang, Shih-Yi Lin, Jun-Sing Wang, Christian Couture, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Kjell Nikus, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Henrik Vestergaard, Bertha Hidalgo, Olga Giannakopoulou, Qiuyin Cai, Morgan O. Obura, Jessica van Setten, Xiaoyin Li, Jingjing Liang, Hua Tang, Natalie Terzikhan, Jae Hun Shin, Rebecca D. Jackson, Alexander P. Reiner, Lisa Warsinger Martin, Zhengming Chen, Liming Li, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Joachim Thiery, Joshua C. Bis, Lenore J. Launer, Huaixing Li, Mike A. Nalls, Olli T. Raitakari, Sahoko Ichihara, Sarah H. Wild, Christopher P. Nelson, Harry Campbell, Susanne Jäger, Toru Nabika, Fahd Al-Mulla, Harri Niinikoski, Peter S. Braund, Ivana Kolcic, Peter Kovacs, Tota Giardoglou, Tomohiro Katsuya, Dominique de Kleijn, Gert J. de Borst, Eung Kweon Kim, Hieab H. H. Adams, M. Arfan Ikram, Xiaofeng Zhu, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Adriaan O. Kraaijeveld, Joline W. J. Beulens, Xiao-Ou Shu, Loukianos S. Rallidis, Oluf Pedersen, Torben Hansen, Paul Mitchell, Alex W. Hewitt, Mika Kähönen, Louis Pérusse, Claude Bouchard, Anke Tönjes, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Craig E. Pennell, Trevor A. Mori, Wolfgang Lieb, Andre Franke, Claes Ohlsson, Dan Mellström, Yoon Shin Cho, Hyejin Lee, Jian-Min Yuan, Woon-Puay Koh, Sang Youl Rhee, Jeong-Taek Woo, Iris M. Heid, Klaus J. Stark, Martina E. Zimmermann, Henry Völzke, Georg Homuth, Michele K. Evans, Alan B. Zonderman, Ozren Polasek, Gerard Pasterkamp, Imo E. Hoefer, Susan Redline, Katja Pahkala, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Harold Snieder, Ginevra Biino, Reinhold Schmidt, Helena Schmidt, Stefania Bandinelli, George Dedoussis, Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Patricia A. Peyser, Norihiro Kato, Matthias B. Schulze, Giorgia Girotto, Carsten A. Böger, Bettina Jung, Peter K. Joshi, David A. Bennett, Philip L. De Jager, Xiangfeng Lu, Vasiliki Mamakou, Morris Brown, Mark J. Caulfield, Patricia B. Munroe, Xiuqing Guo, Marina Ciullo, Jost B. Jonas, Nilesh J. Samani, Jaakko Kaprio, Päivi Pajukanta, Teresa Tusié-Luna, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Linda S. Adair, Sonny Augustin Bechayda, H. Janaka de Silva, Ananda R. Wickremasinghe, Ronald M. Krauss, Jer-Yuarn Wu, Wei Zheng, Anneke Iden Hollander, Dwaipayan Bharadwaj, Adolfo Correa, James G. Wilson, Lars Lind, Chew-Kiat Heng, Amanda E. Nelson, Yvonne M. Golightly, James F. Wilson, Brenda Penninx, Hyung-Lae Kim, John Attia, Rodney J. Scott, D. C. Rao, Donna K. Arnett, Steven C. Hunt, Mark Walker, Heikki A. Koistinen, Giriraj R. Chandak, Josep M. Mercader, Maria C. Costanzo, Dongkeun Jang, Noël P. Burtt, Clicerio Gonzalez Villalpando, Lorena Orozco, Myriam Fornage, EShyong Tai, Rob M. van Dam, Terho Lehtimäki, Nish Chaturvedi, Mitsuhiro Yokota, Jianjun Liu, Dermot F. Reilly, Amy Jayne McKnight, Frank Kee, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Mark I. McCarthy, Colin N. A. Palmer, Veronique Vitart, Caroline Hayward, Eleanor Simonsick, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Zi-Bing Jin, Jia Qu, Haretsugu Hishigaki, Xu Lin, Winfried März, Vilmundur Gudnason, Jean-Claude Tardif, Guillaume Lettre, Leen M.‘t Hart, Petra J. M. Elders, Scott M. Damrauer, Meena Kumari, Mika Kivimaki, Pim van der Harst, Tim D. Spector, Ruth J. F. Loos, Michael A. Province, Esteban J. Parra, Miguel Cruz, Bruce M. Psaty, Ivan Brandslund, Peter P. Pramstaller, Charles N. Rotimi, Kaare Christensen, Samuli Ripatti, Elisabeth Widén, Hakon Hakonarson, Struan F. A. Grant, Lambertus A. L. M. Kiemeney, Jacqueline de Graaf, Markus Loeffler, Florian Kronenberg, Dongfeng Gu, Jeanette Erdmann, Heribert Schunkert, Paul W. Franks, Allan Linneberg, J. Wouter Jukema, Amit V. Khera, Minna Männikkö, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Zoltan Kutalik, Cucca Francesco, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Ko Willems van Dijk, Hugh Watkins, David P. Strachan, Niels Grarup, Peter Sever, Neil Poulter, Lee-Ming Chuang, Jerome I. Rotter, Thomas M. Dantoft, Fredrik Karpe, Matt J. Neville, Nicholas J. Timpson, Ching-Yu Cheng, Tien-Yin Wong, Chiea Chuen Khor, Hengtong Li, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Annette Peters, Christian Gieger, Andrew T. Hattersley, Nancy L. Pedersen, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Dorret I. Boomsma, Allegonda H. M. Willemsen, LAdrienne Cupples, Joyce B. J. van Meurs, Mohsen Ghanbari, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Wei Huang, Young Jin Kim, Yasuharu Tabara, Nicholas J. Wareham, Claudia Langenberg, Eleftheria Zeggini, Johanna Kuusisto, Markku Laakso, Erik Ingelsson, Goncalo Abecasis, John C. Chambers, Jaspal S. Kooner, Paul S. de Vries, Alanna C. Morrison, Scott Hazelhurst, Michèle Ramsay, Kari E. North, Martha Daviglus, Peter Kraft, Nicholas G. Martin, John B. Whitfield, Shahid Abbas, Danish Saleheen, Robin G. Walters, Michael V. Holmes, Corri Black, Blair H. Smith, Aris Baras, Anne E. Justice, Julie E. Buring, Paul M. Ridker, Daniel I. Chasman, Charles Kooperberg, Gen Tamiya, Masayuki Yamamoto, David A. van Heel, Richard C. Trembath, Wei-Qi Wei, Gail P. Jarvik, Bahram Namjou, M. Geoffrey Hayes, Marylyn D. Ritchie, Pekka Jousilahti, Veikko Salomaa, Kristian Hveem, Bjørn Olav Åsvold, Michiaki Kubo, Yoichiro Kamatani, Yukinori Okada, Yoshinori Murakami, Bong-Jo Kim, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Kari Stefansson, Jifeng Zhang, YEugene Chen, Yuk-Lam Ho, Julie A. Lynch, Daniel J. Rader, Philip S. Tsao, Kyong-Mi Chang, Kelly Cho, Christopher J. O’Donnell, John M. Gaziano, Peter W. F. Wilson, Timothy M. Frayling, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Sekar Kathiresan, Karen L. Mohlke, Yan V. Sun, Andrew P. Morris, Michael Boehnke, Christopher D. Brown, Pradeep Natarajan, Panos Deloukas, Cristen J. Willer, Themistocles L. Assimes, Gina M. Peloso, Biological Psychology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, APH - Mental Health, APH - Methodology, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Medicum, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Complex Disease Genetics, Samuli Olli Ripatti / Principal Investigator, HUSLAB, Epigenetics of Complex Diseases and Traits, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital Area, Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Department of Public Health, Faculty Common Matters (Faculty of Social Sciences), Elisabeth Ingrid Maria Widen / Principal Investigator, Genomic Discoveries and Clinical Translation, Tampere University, Primary Health Care, Clinical Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry, TAYS Heart Centre, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Epidemiology and Data Science, APH - Aging & Later Life, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, General practice, APH - Digital Health, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine), Peloso, Gina M [0000-0002-5355-8636], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Epidemiology, Department of Marketing Management, Erasmus MC other, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Kanoni, Stavroula, Graham, Sarah E, Wang, Yuxuan, Surakka, Ida, Ramdas, Shweta, Zhu, Xiang, Clarke, Shoa L, Bhatti, Konain Fatima, Vedantam, Sailaja, Winkler, Thomas W, Locke, Adam E, Marouli, Eirini, Zajac, Greg J M, Wu, Kuan-Han H, Ntalla, Ioanna, Hui, Qin, Klarin, Derek, Hilliard, Austin T, Wang, Zeyuan, Xue, Chao, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Helgadottir, Anna, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, Holm, Hilma, Olafsson, Isleifur, Hwang, Mi Yeong, Han, Sohee, Akiyama, Masato, Sakaue, Saori, Terao, Chikashi, Kanai, Masahiro, Zhou, Wei, Brumpton, Ben M, Rasheed, Humaira, Havulinna, Aki S, Veturi, Yogasudha, Pacheco, Jennifer Allen, Rosenthal, Elisabeth A, Lingren, Todd, Feng, Qiping, Kullo, Iftikhar J, Narita, Akira, Takayama, Jun, Martin, Hilary C, Hunt, Karen A, Trivedi, Bhavi, Haessler, Jeffrey, Giulianini, Franco, Bradford, Yuki, Miller, Jason E, Campbell, Archie, Lin, Kuang, Millwood, Iona Y, Rasheed, Asif, Hindy, George, Faul, Jessica D, Zhao, Wei, Weir, David R, Turman, Constance, Huang, Hongyan, Graff, Mariaelisa, Choudhury, Ananyo, Sengupta, Dhriti, Mahajan, Anubha, Brown, Michael R, Zhang, Weihua, Yu, Ketian, Schmidt, Ellen M, Pandit, Anita, Gustafsson, Stefan, Yin, Xianyong, Luan, Jian'An, Zhao, Jing-Hua, Matsuda, Fumihiko, Jang, Hye-Mi, Yoon, Kyungheon, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Pitsillides, Achillea, Hottenga, Jouke Jan, Wood, Andrew R, Ji, Yingji, Gao, Zishan, Haworth, Simon, Yousri, Noha A, Mitchell, Ruth E, Chai, Jin Fang, Aadahl, Mette, Bjerregaard, Anne A, Yao, Jie, Manichaikul, Ani, Hwu, Chii-Min, Hung, Yi-Jen, Warren, Helen R, Ramirez, Julia, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Kårhus, Line L, Goel, Anuj, Sabater-Lleal, Maria, Noordam, Raymond, Mauro, Pala, Matteo, Flori, Mcdaid, Aaron F, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Wielscher, Matthia, Trompet, Stella, Sattar, Naveed, Møllehave, Line T, Munz, Matthia, Zeng, Lingyao, Huang, Jianfeng, Yang, Bin, Poveda, Alaitz, Kurbasic, Azra, Lamina, Claudia, Forer, Luka, Scholz, Marku, Galesloot, Tessel E, Bradfield, Jonathan P, Ruotsalainen, Sanni E, Daw, Ewarwick, Zmuda, Joseph M, Mitchell, Jonathan S, Fuchsberger, Christian, Christensen, Henry, Brody, Jennifer A, Vazquez-Moreno, Miguel, Feitosa, Mary F, Wojczynski, Mary K, Wang, Zhe, Preuss, Michael H, Mangino, Massimo, Christofidou, Paraskevi, Verweij, Niek, Benjamins, Jan W, Engmann, Jorgen, Tsao, Noah L, Verma, Anurag, Slieker, Roderick C, Lo, Ken Sin, Zilhao, Nuno R, Le, Phuong, Kleber, Marcus E, Delgado, Graciela E, Huo, Shaofeng, Ikeda, Daisuke D, Iha, Hiroyuki, Yang, Jian, Liu, Jun, Demirkan, Ayşe, Leonard, Hampton L, Marten, Jonathan, Frank, Mirjam, Schmidt, Börge, Smyth, Laura J, Cañadas-Garre, Marisa, Wang, Chaolong, Nakatochi, Masahiro, Wong, Andrew, Hutri-Kähönen, Nina, Sim, Xueling, Xia, Rui, Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia, Fernandez-Lopez, Juan Carlo, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Nongmaithem, Suraj S, Bayyana, Swati, Stringham, Heather M, Irvin, Marguerite R, Oldmeadow, Christopher, Kim, Han-Na, Ryu, Seungho, Timmers, Paul R H J, Arbeeva, Liubov, Dorajoo, Rajkumar, Lange, Leslie A, Prasad, Gauri, Lorés-Motta, Laura, Pauper, Marc, Long, Jirong, Li, Xiaohui, Theusch, Elizabeth, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Spracklen, Cassandra N, Loukola, Anu, Bollepalli, Sailalitha, Warner, Sophie C, Wang, Ya Xing, Wei, Wen B, Nutile, Teresa, Ruggiero, Daniela, Sung, Yun Ju, Chen, Shufeng, Liu, Fangchao, Yang, Jingyun, Kentistou, Katherine A, Banas, Bernhard, Nardone, Giuseppe Giovanni, Meidtner, Karina, Bielak, Lawrence F, Smith, Jennifer A, Hebbar, Prashantha, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Hofer, Edith, Lin, Maoxuan, Concas, Maria Pina, Vaccargiu, Simona, van der Most, Peter J, Pitkänen, Niina, Cade, Brian E, van der Laan, Sander W, Chitrala, Kumaraswamy Naidu, Weiss, Stefan, Bentley, Amy R, Doumatey, Ayo P, Adeyemo, Adebowale A, Lee, Jong Young, Petersen, Eva R B, Nielsen, Aneta A, Choi, Hyeok Sun, Nethander, Maria, Freitag-Wolf, Sandra, Southam, Lorraine, Rayner, Nigel W, Wang, Carol A, Lin, Shih-Yi, Wang, Jun-Sing, Couture, Christian, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Nikus, Kjell, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Vestergaard, Henrik, Hidalgo, Bertha, Giannakopoulou, Olga, Cai, Qiuyin, Obura, Morgan O, van Setten, Jessica, Li, Xiaoyin, Liang, Jingjing, Tang, Hua, Terzikhan, Natalie, Shin, Jae Hun, Jackson, Rebecca D, Reiner, Alexander P, Martin, Lisa Warsinger, Chen, Zhengming, Li, Liming, Kawaguchi, Takahisa, Thiery, Joachim, Bis, Joshua C, Launer, Lenore J, Li, Huaixing, Nalls, Mike A, Raitakari, Olli T, Ichihara, Sahoko, Wild, Sarah H, Nelson, Christopher P, Campbell, Harry, Jäger, Susanne, Nabika, Toru, Al-Mulla, Fahd, Niinikoski, Harri, Braund, Peter S, Kolcic, Ivana, Kovacs, Peter, Giardoglou, Tota, Katsuya, Tomohiro, de Kleijn, Dominique, de Borst, Gert J, Kim, Eung Kweon, Adams, Hieab H H, Ikram, M Arfan, Zhu, Xiaofeng, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Kraaijeveld, Adriaan O, Beulens, Joline W J, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Rallidis, Loukianos S, Pedersen, Oluf, Hansen, Torben, Mitchell, Paul, Hewitt, Alex W, Kähönen, Mika, Pérusse, Loui, Bouchard, Claude, Tönjes, Anke, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Pennell, Craig E, Mori, Trevor A, Lieb, Wolfgang, Franke, Andre, Ohlsson, Clae, Mellström, Dan, Cho, Yoon Shin, Lee, Hyejin, Yuan, Jian-Min, Koh, Woon-Puay, Rhee, Sang Youl, Woo, Jeong-Taek, Heid, Iris M, Stark, Klaus J, Zimmermann, Martina E, Völzke, Henry, Homuth, Georg, Evans, Michele K, Zonderman, Alan B, Polasek, Ozren, Pasterkamp, Gerard, Hoefer, Imo E, Redline, Susan, Pahkala, Katja, Oldehinkel, Albertine J, Snieder, Harold, Biino, Ginevra, Schmidt, Reinhold, Schmidt, Helena, Bandinelli, Stefania, Dedoussis, George, Thanaraj, Thangavel Alphonse, Kardia, Sharon L R, Peyser, Patricia A, Kato, Norihiro, Schulze, Matthias B, Girotto, Giorgia, Böger, Carsten A, Jung, Bettina, Joshi, Peter K, Bennett, David A, De Jager, Philip L, Lu, Xiangfeng, Mamakou, Vasiliki, Brown, Morri, Caulfield, Mark J, Munroe, Patricia B, Guo, Xiuqing, Ciullo, Marina, Jonas, Jost B, Samani, Nilesh J, Kaprio, Jaakko, Pajukanta, Päivi, Tusié-Luna, Teresa, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Adair, Linda S, Bechayda, Sonny Augustin, de Silva, H Janaka, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R, Krauss, Ronald M, Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Zheng, Wei, Hollander, Anneke Iden, Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan, Correa, Adolfo, Wilson, James G, Lind, Lar, Heng, Chew-Kiat, Nelson, Amanda E, Golightly, Yvonne M, Wilson, James F, Penninx, Brenda, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney J, Rao, D C, Arnett, Donna K, Hunt, Steven C, Walker, Mark, Koistinen, Heikki A, Chandak, Giriraj R, Mercader, Josep M, Costanzo, Maria C, Jang, Dongkeun, Burtt, Noël P, Villalpando, Clicerio Gonzalez, Orozco, Lorena, Fornage, Myriam, Tai, Eshyong, van Dam, Rob M, Lehtimäki, Terho, Chaturvedi, Nish, Yokota, Mitsuhiro, Liu, Jianjun, Reilly, Dermot F, Mcknight, Amy Jayne, Kee, Frank, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Mccarthy, Mark I, Palmer, Colin N A, Vitart, Veronique, Hayward, Caroline, Simonsick, Eleanor, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Jin, Zi-Bing, Qu, Jia, Hishigaki, Haretsugu, Lin, Xu, März, Winfried, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Lettre, Guillaume, Hart, Leen M 't, Elders, Petra J M, Damrauer, Scott M, Kumari, Meena, Kivimaki, Mika, van der Harst, Pim, Spector, Tim D, Loos, Ruth J F, Province, Michael A, Parra, Esteban J, Cruz, Miguel, Psaty, Bruce M, Brandslund, Ivan, Pramstaller, Peter P, Rotimi, Charles N, Christensen, Kaare, Ripatti, Samuli, Widén, Elisabeth, Hakonarson, Hakon, Grant, Struan F A, Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M, de Graaf, Jacqueline, Loeffler, Marku, Kronenberg, Florian, Gu, Dongfeng, Erdmann, Jeanette, Schunkert, Heribert, Franks, Paul W, Linneberg, Allan, Jukema, J Wouter, Khera, Amit V, Männikkö, Minna, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Kutalik, Zoltan, Francesco, Cucca, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O, van Dijk, Ko Willem, Watkins, Hugh, Strachan, David P, Grarup, Niel, Sever, Peter, Poulter, Neil, Chuang, Lee-Ming, Rotter, Jerome I, Dantoft, Thomas M, Karpe, Fredrik, Neville, Matt J, Timpson, Nicholas J, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Wong, Tien-Yin, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Li, Hengtong, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Peters, Annette, Gieger, Christian, Hattersley, Andrew T, Pedersen, Nancy L, Magnusson, Patrik K E, Boomsma, Dorret I, Willemsen, Allegonda H M, Cupples, Ladrienne, van Meurs, Joyce B J, Ghanbari, Mohsen, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Huang, Wei, Kim, Young Jin, Tabara, Yasuharu, Wareham, Nicholas J, Langenberg, Claudia, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Ingelsson, Erik, Abecasis, Goncalo, Chambers, John C, Kooner, Jaspal S, de Vries, Paul S, Morrison, Alanna C, Hazelhurst, Scott, Ramsay, Michèle, North, Kari E, Daviglus, Martha, Kraft, Peter, Martin, Nicholas G, Whitfield, John B, Abbas, Shahid, Saleheen, Danish, Walters, Robin G, Holmes, Michael V, Black, Corri, Smith, Blair H, Baras, Ari, Justice, Anne E, Buring, Julie E, Ridker, Paul M, Chasman, Daniel I, Kooperberg, Charle, Tamiya, Gen, Yamamoto, Masayuki, van Heel, David A, Trembath, Richard C, Wei, Wei-Qi, Jarvik, Gail P, Namjou, Bahram, Hayes, M Geoffrey, Ritchie, Marylyn D, Jousilahti, Pekka, Salomaa, Veikko, Hveem, Kristian, Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Kubo, Michiaki, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Okada, Yukinori, Murakami, Yoshinori, Kim, Bong-Jo, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Stefansson, Kari, Zhang, Jifeng, Chen, Yeugene, Ho, Yuk-Lam, Lynch, Julie A, Rader, Daniel J, Tsao, Philip S, Chang, Kyong-Mi, Cho, Kelly, O'Donnell, Christopher J, Gaziano, John M, Wilson, Peter W F, Frayling, Timothy M, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Kathiresan, Sekar, Mohlke, Karen L, Sun, Yan V, Morris, Andrew P, Boehnke, Michael, Brown, Christopher D, Natarajan, Pradeep, Deloukas, Pano, Willer, Cristen J, Assimes, Themistocles L, and Peloso, Gina M

Subjects
Genome-wide association study, Medizin, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Humans, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Sex Characteristics, Phenotype, Lipids/genetics, Genetic Pleiotropy, Cholesterol, GWAS, Genetics, Lipids, Genetic, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Medicine [Science], 112 Statistics and probability, Medicinsk genetik, Genome-wide Association Study, Gwas, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, 3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3141 Health care science, FOS: Biological sciences, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], 3111 Biomedicine, Medical Genetics
Abstract

Background: Genetic variants within nearly 1000 loci are known to contribute to modulation of blood lipid levels. However, the biological pathways underlying these associations are frequently unknown, limiting understanding of these findings and hindering downstream translational efforts such as drug target discovery. Results: To expand our understanding of the underlying biological pathways and mechanisms controlling blood lipid levels, we leverage a large multi-ancestry metaanalysis (N = 1,654,960) of blood lipids to prioritize putative causal genes for 2286 lipid associations using six gene prediction approaches. Using phenome-wide association (PheWAS) scans, we identify relationships of genetically predicted lipid levels to other diseases and conditions. We confirm known pleiotropic associations with cardiovascular phenotypes and determine novel associations, notably with cholelithiasis risk. We perform sex-stratified GWAS meta-analysis of lipid levels and show that 3–5% of autosomal lipid-associated loci demonstrate sex-biased effects. Finally, we report 21 novel lipid loci identified on the X chromosome. Many of the sex-biased autosomal and X chromosome lipid loci show pleiotropic associations with sex hormones, emphasizing the role of hormone regulation in lipid metabolism. Conclusions: Taken together, our findings provide insights into the biological mechanisms through which associated variants lead to altered lipid levels and potentially cardiovascular disease risk., United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI) R01HL127564 R01HL142711, Wellcome Trust 201543/B/16/Z 202802/Z/16/Z, European Commission HEALTH-F2-2013-601456 608765 786833, TriPartite Immunometabolism Consortium [TrIC]-Novo Nordisk Foundation NNF15CC0018486, American Diabetes Association 1-19-ICTS-068, Academy of Finland 312062 Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research, Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Finnish innovation fund Sitra (EW) Finska Lakaresallskapet, American Heart Association 15POST24470131 17POST33650016, University of Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre BRC-1215-2001, MRC & WT 217065/Z/19/Z, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI), Medical Research Council UK (MRC) MC_UU_00011, CRUK Integrative Cancer Epidemiology Programme C18281/A19169, Medical Research Council UK (MRC) MC_UU_00011/1, UK National Institute for Health Research Academic Clinical Fellowship, American Heart Association 18CDA34110116, Miguel Servet contract from the ISCIII Spanish Health Institute CP17/00142, European Social Fund (ESF), Westlake Education Foundation, British Heart Foundation FS/14/66/3129 Z01HG200362 R01HL142302 R01HL105756

Published
2022
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37. Associations of autozygosity with a broad range of human phenotypes

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Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Salma M. Wakil, Lisa R. Yanek, Dominique P.V. de Kleijn, Gert J. de Borst, Alison D. Murray, Kamran Guity, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe, Mario Pirastu, Carole Ober, Giuseppe Matullo, Charles N. Rotimi, Daniela Ruggiero, Teresa Tusié-Luna, Wolfgang Lieb, Chew-Kiat Heng, John R. B. Perry, Hortensia Moreno-Macías, Jie Zhou, John M. Starr, Juhani Junttila, Lei Yu, Danielle Posthuma, Marcus Dörr, Yingchang Lu, Jonathan P. Bradfield, Einat Granot-Hershkovitz, Karina Meidtner, Wouter van Rheenen, T Esko, Maris Alver, Wen-Jane Lee, Zhengming Chen, Jennifer A. Brody, Paolo Gasparini, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Cinzia Sala, Peter P. Pramstaller, Gauri Prasad, Nana Matoba, Natalie Terzikhan, Simonetta Guarrera, Bjarke Feenstra, Peter Vollenweider, Smeeta Shrestha, Yi-Jen Hung, Lilja Stefansdottir, David R. Weir, Felix R. Day, Antonietta Robino, Liang Zhang, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Nicholas J. Timpson, Robyn E Wootton, Xue W. Mei, Dharambir K. Sanghera, Gisli Masson, Debbie A Lawlor, Thomas Meitinger, Sharon L.R. Kardia, Peter K. Joshi, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Claude Bouchard, Cassandra N. Spracklen, Ken K. Ong, Taulant Muka, Guanjie Chen, Laura J. Scott, Walter Palmas, Daniel I. Chasman, Sarah E. Medland, Krista Fischer, Blair H. Smith, Jon K. Sigurdsson, Leon Straker, Clara Viberti, Yuan Shi, Louis Pérusse, Peter J. van der Most, Timo Tõnis Sikka, Chris Haley, Kuang Lin, Leif Groop, Hester M. den Ruijter, Hakon Hakonarson, Masato Akiyama, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Sonja I. Berndt, Jeffery R. O'Connell, Cisca Wijmenga, Daniele Cusi, Lorena Orozco, Kristjan H. S. Moore, Kevin Sandow, Stephen S. Rich, Stephanie J. Loomis, George Davey Smith, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Sharvari Rahul Shukla, Agnar Helgason, Thorsten Kessler, Anuj Goel, Dan Mason, David W. Clark, James S. Pankow, Simona Vaccargiu, Uwe Völker, Tamara B. Harris, Matthew A. Allison, Clicerio Gonzalez, Sarju Ralhan, I-Te Lee, Matthias Laudes, Yen-Feng Chiu, Neil Poulter, Benjamin Lehne, John Wright, Lawrence F. Bielak, Philip L. De Jager, Reinhold Schmidt, Ya Xing Wang, Matthias Nauck, Diana L. Cousminer, Patrick Deelen, Ani Manichaikul, Stephen J. Chanock, Anders Hamsten, Barry I. Freedman, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Peter Kraft, Ozren Polasek, Jie Yao, Yoshinori Murakami, Paul M. Ridker, Anubha Mahajan, Struan F.A. Grant, Claudia Schurmann, Bjarni Gunnarsson, Catriona L. K. Barnes, Jessica van Setten, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Alena Stančáková, Markus M. Lerch, Anuradha Jagadeesan, Franco Giulianini, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Dwaipayan Bharadwaj, Shengchao Alfred Li, Peter S. Sever, Trevor A. Mori, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Koichi Matsuda, Xueling Sim, Evangelos Evangelou, André G. Uitterlinden, Pekka Jousilahti, Yukihide Momozawa, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Chao A. Hsiung, Ginevra Biino, Murielle Bochud, Hannele Mattsson, Ilja M. Nolte, Sarah H. Wild, Patricia B. Munroe, Jianjun Liu, Bruce M. Psaty, Giriraj R. Chandak, Masahiro Kanai, Tony R. Merriman, Teemu Palviainen, Rodney A. Lea, Janie Corley, Nicholas J. Wareham, Alan B. Zonderman, Makoto Hirata, Matthew J. Bixley, Caroline Hayward, Nora Franceschini, Kristel R van Eijk, Etienne Patin, Daniel Shriner, Niek Verweij, Xiuqing Guo, Fredrik Karpe, Ruth J. F. Loos, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Ashley van der Spek, Patricia A. Peyser, Jessica D. Faul, Christian Fuchsberger, David Cesarini, Alex S. F. Doney, Janine F. Felix, Cornelius A. Rietveld, Jagadish Vangipurapu, Tanguy Corre, Line Skotte, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Catherine Igartua, Meena Kumari, Nona Sotoodehnia, Leonard H. van den Berg, Najaf Amin, Dale R. Nyholt, Harry Campbell, Massimiliano Cocca, Scott D. Gordon, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, John C. Chambers, Traci M. Bartz, Mike A. Nalls, Tin Aung, Nduna Dzimiri, Colin N. A. Palmer, Rob M. van Dam, Johanna Kuusisto, Russell P. Tracy, Anna Damulina, Pierre-Emmanuel Morange, Sylvain Foisy, Jing Hua Zhao, Nicholas G. Martin, Ching-Yu Cheng, Mariaelisa Graff, Rashmi B. Prasad, Alice Stanton, David-Alexandre Trégouët, Yu Guo, Helen R. Warren, Lyn R. Griffiths, Weihua Meng, Annika Tillander, Christa Meisinger, Albert V. Smith, Mark I. McCarthy, Jingyun Yang, Marine Germain, Neil Small, Linda Broer, Vilmundur Gudnason, Gunnar K. Pálsson, Michele K. Evans, Alexander Teumer, Mark J. Caulfield, Giorgia Girotto, Thomas Lumley, Tinca J. C. Polderman, Wei Zhao, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Jari Lahti, Matthew L. Albert, Yechiel Friedlander, Veikko Salomaa, Iona Y Millwood, Jan H. Veldink, Archie Campbell, Andres Metspalu, Ulf Gyllensten, Grant W. Montgomery, Veronique Vitart, Jai Rup Singh, Saima Afaq, Alan R. Shuldiner, Miao-Li Chee, Adebowale Adeyemo, Jennifer A. Smith, David A. van Heel, Jaspal S. Kooner, Daniela Toniolo, Cristian Pattaro, Jerome I. Rotter, John Whitfield, Melissa C. Smart, Kari E. North, Salman M. Tajuddin, Tallapragada Divya Sri Priyanka, Christopher A. Haiman, Diane M. Becker, Bernhard K. Krämer, Paul Elliott, Lihua Wang, He Gao, Patrick Sulem, Jinyan Huang, Chiea Chuen Khor, Ruifang Li-Gao, Åsa Johansson, Winfried März, Shai Carmi, Ilaria Gandin, Eric Boerwinkle, Gardar Sveinbjornsson, Saskia P. Hagenaars, Sander W. van der Laan, Gerard Pasterkamp, E-Shyong Tai, Hagit Hochner, Yih Chung Tham, Kent D. Taylor, Kari Stefansson, Matt J. Neville, Craig E. Pennell, Yanchun Bao, Annelot M. Dekker, Helena Schmidt, Mehdi Hedayati, Joshua Elliott, Ian J. Deary, Iris E. Jansen, Judith B. Borja, Edith Hofer, Martin Gögele, Igor Rudan, Lude Franke, Matthias Munz, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Bengt Sennblad, Imo Hofer, John D. Rioux, Pim van der Harst, Bahareh Sedaghati-khayat, Giovanni Cugliari, Morris A. Swertz, Francine Grodstein, Erwin P. Bottinger, Carol A. Wang, Andre Franke, Brian F. Meyer, Adele M. Taylor, Klodian Dhana, Jian'an Luan, Constance Turman, Robert A. Scott, May E. Montasser, Alison Pattie, Marco Brumat, Liming Li, Heiner Boeing, Karen L. Mohlke, Clemens Baumbach, Bishwa Raj Sapkota, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Naveed Sattar, Amy R. Bentley, Matthias B. Schulze, Ivana Kolcic, Stella Trompet, Sarah E. Harris, Ayo P. Doumatey, Charumathi Sabanayagam, David Eccles, Mary F. Feitosa, Jost B. Jonas, Massimo Mezzavilla, Mark O. Goodarzi, David Ellinghaus, Heribert Schunkert, Christian Gieger, Heikki V. Huikuri, Lingyao Zeng, Johan G. Eriksson, Woon-Puay Koh, Yucheng Jia, Gurpreet Singh Wander, James F. Wilson, Torgny Karlsson, Steven C. Hunt, Weihua Zhang, Maria Pina Concas, Zoltán Kutalik, Rebecca Rohde, Chittaranjan S. Yajnik, Yasaman Saba, Dabeeru C. Rao, Robin G. Walters, Reedik Mägi, Marie Loh, Eero Vuoksimaa, Josyf C. Mychaleckyj, Katri Räikkönen, Philippe Goyette, M. Arfan Ikram, Alicia Huerta-Chagoya, David J. Porteous, Teresa Nutile, J. Wouter Jukema, Noha A. Yousri, Yoichiro Kamatani, Maryam S. Daneshpour, Babette S. Zemel, Rona J. Strawbridge, Tien Yin Wong, Claudia Langenberg, Amy Moore, Marcus E. Kleber, Fereidoun Azizi, Avner Halevy, Erika Salvi, Francis S. Collins, Markku Laakso, Tim Kacprowski, S. Sunna Ebenesersdóttir, William R. Scott, Michael Boehnke, Jin-Fang Chai, Markus Perola, Nicola Pirastu, Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu, Robert Karlsson, Lenore J. Launer, Lili Milani, Renée de Mutsert, Fernando Rivadeneira, David A. Bennett, Nicola D. Kerrison, Paolo Manunta, Graciela E. Delgado, Magnus Johannesson, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Alanna C. Morrison, Kay-Tee Khaw, Jian-Min Yuan, Jaakko Kaprio, Melanie Waldenberger, Ralf Ewert, Hugoline G. de Haan, Andrew A. Hicks, Yukinori Okada, Maria Sabater-Lleal, Marilyn C. Cornelis, Stephanie J. London, Federica Rizzi, Jeanette Erdmann, Marina Ciullo, Michiaki Kubo, University of Edinburgh, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genomics and Informatics [Yokohama] (RIKEN IMS), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences [Yokohama] (RIKEN IMS), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN)-RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), deCODE genetics [Reykjavik], Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK (BIHR), Area Science Park, Università degli studi di Trieste = University of Trieste, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Harbor UCLA Medical Center [Torrance, Ca.], Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Waterloo] (ECE), University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Institute of Pop. Genetics, CNR, Sassari, Shardna life science Pula Cagliari, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Medstar Research Institute, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), University Medical Center [Utrecht], Centre for Population Health Sciences, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), California State University [Sacramento], Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Universiteit Leiden-Universiteit Leiden, Medical University Graz, Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Centre, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (FNLCR), Wellcome Trust Centre of Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, University of Milano, Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland., Department of Epidemiology [Rotterdam], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), University of Glasgow, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes (IBMP), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Immunobiologie des Cellules dendritiques, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Translationnelle - Center for Translational Science (CRT), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Genentech, Inc., Genentech, Inc. [San Francisco], University of Tartu, Duke-NUS Medical School [Singapore], Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DifE), Leibniz Association, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Baylor University-Baylor University, University of San Carlos, Office of Population Studies Foundation, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), King‘s College London, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), University of Oxford, Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, University of Chicago, University of Huddersfield, Infectious diseases division, Department of internal medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Section on Nephrology [Winston-Salem, NC, USA] (Department of Internal Medicine), Wake Forest School of Medicine [Winston-Salem], Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center-Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Radcliffe Department of Medicine [Oxford], Harvard School of Public Health, Kunming University of Science and Technology (KMUST), Sans affiliation, University of Southern California (USC), National Institute on Aging [Bethesda, USA] (NIA), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Centre National de Génotypage (CNG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), MRC Centrer for Nutritional Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention and Survival, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), National University of Singapore (NUS), Experimental Cardiology Laboratory (ECL), Unirversity Medical Center, Department of Medical Statistics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, University of Zagreb, Department of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland-Kuopio University Hospital, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)-Institute of Metabolic Science, Capital Normal University [Beijing], Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences Research Triangle Park, Brown University, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, Toyota Research Institute, Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Boulder], University of Colorado [Boulder], Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Metacohorts Consortium, Universiteit Leiden, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen [Groningen], Medical Research Concil Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Genetics and Pathology, Imperial College London, Génétique Evolutive Humaine - Human Evolutionary Genetics, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Erasmus University Rotterdam, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System-School of public health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU)-The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Stockholm Bioinformatics Center (SBC), Stockholm University, Department of Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, INRH, Department of Genetics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute (LA BioMed), Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán - National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran [Mexico], Western General Hospital, German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), Medical Research Council, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute-University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering [Niigata Univ.], Niigata University, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, University College of London [London] (UCL), Aston Business School, Aston University [Birmingham], Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics [Bethesda, MD, États-Unis], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Pennington Biomedical Research Center, University of Washington [Seattle], Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, Northwestern Polytechnical University [Xi'an] (NPU), Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol [Bristol], Department of Genomics of Common Disease [London, UK], Imperial College London-Hammersmith Hospital NHS Imperial College Healthcare, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Medizinische Klinik II, Universität zu Lübeck = University of Lübeck [Lübeck], Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Department of Physics, RISSC-Lab-University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Lund University [Lund], Icelandic Heart Association, Heart Preventive Clinic and Research Institute, The Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs (LGMNPN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, University of Utah School of Medicine [Salt Lake City], The Generation R Study, Pediatrics, Epidemiology, Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology [New York, NY, États-Unis] (CTCN), Department of Neurology [New York, NY, États-Unis], Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), Columbia University [New York]-Columbia University [New York]-Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), Columbia University [New York]-Columbia University [New York], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute Netherlands, School of Public Health, University of Michigan [Dearborn], Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Kuopio, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank PopGen, Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC)-UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health-Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of Illinois [Chicago] (UIC), University of Illinois System, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Umea University Hospital, Functional Genomics, Erasmus Medical Centre, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Royal Infirmary, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Institute of Metabolic Science, MRC, University of Maryland School of Medicine [Baltimore, MD, USA], Centre for Molecular Epidemiology, Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol [Bristol]-Medical Research Council, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute [Milan, Italie], U937, Génomique cardiovasculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), University of Michigan System, HMNC Brain Health, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Partenaires INRAE, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland [Helsinki] (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, University of Groningen, Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Department of Microbiology, The Freeman Hospital, Department Biostatistics University of North Carolina, Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Clark, D. W., Okada, Y., Moore, K. H. S., Mason, D., Pirastu, N., Gandin, I., Mattsson, H., Barnes, C. L. K., Lin, K., Zhao, J. H., Deelen, P., Rohde, R., Schurmann, C., Guo, X., Giulianini, F., Zhang, W., Medina-Gomez, C., Karlsson, R., Bao, Y., Bartz, T. M., Baumbach, C., Biino, G., Bixley, M. J., Brumat, M., Chai, J. -F., Corre, T., Cousminer, D. L., Dekker, A. M., Eccles, D. A., van Eijk, K. R., Fuchsberger, C., Gao, H., Germain, M., Gordon, S. D., de Haan, H. G., Harris, S. E., Hofer, E., Huerta-Chagoya, A., Igartua, C., Jansen, I. E., Jia, Y., Kacprowski, T., Karlsson, T., Kleber, M. E., Li, S. A., Li-Gao, R., Mahajan, A., Matsuda, K., Meidtner, K., Meng, W., Montasser, M. E., van der Most, P. J., Munz, M., Nutile, T., Palviainen, T., Prasad, G., Prasad, R. B., Priyanka, T. D. S., Rizzi, F., Salvi, E., Sapkota, B. R., Shriner, D., Skotte, L., Smart, M. C., Smith, A. V., van der Spek, A., Spracklen, C. N., Strawbridge, R. J., Tajuddin, S. M., Trompet, S., Turman, C., Verweij, N., Viberti, C., Wang, L., Warren, H. R., Wootton, R. E., Yanek, L. R., Yao, J., Yousri, N. A., Zhao, W., Adeyemo, A. A., Afaq, S., Aguilar-Salinas, C. A., Akiyama, M., Albert, M. L., Allison, M. A., Alver, M., Aung, T., Azizi, F., Bentley, A. R., Boeing, H., Boerwinkle, E., Borja, J. B., de Borst, G. J., Bottinger, E. P., Broer, L., Campbell, H., Chanock, S., Chee, M. -L., Chen, G., Chen, Y. -D. I., Chen, Z., Chiu, Y. -F., Cocca, M., Collins, F. S., Concas, M. P., Corley, J., Cugliari, G., van Dam, R. M., Damulina, A., Daneshpour, M. S., Day, F. R., Delgado, G. E., Dhana, K., Doney, A. S. F., Dorr, M., Doumatey, A. P., Dzimiri, N., Ebenesersdottir, S. S., Elliott, J., Elliott, P., Ewert, R., Felix, J. F., Fischer, K., Freedman, B. I., Girotto, G., Goel, A., Gogele, M., Goodarzi, M. O., Graff, M., Granot-Hershkovitz, E., Grodstein, F., Guarrera, S., Gudbjartsson, D. F., Guity, K., Gunnarsson, B., Guo, Y., Hagenaars, S. P., Haiman, C. 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RSD and Public Health, IRCCS-Burlo Garofolo/University of Trieste, sans affiliation, Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Hammersmith Hospital NHS Imperial College Healthcare-Imperial College London, Universität zu Lübeck [Lübeck], University of Ioannina Medical School, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II-RISSC-Lab, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], University of Turin, University of California-University of California, Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Erasmus MC other, Internal Medicine, and Applied Economics

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 631/208/1397, Chemistry(all), Health Status, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], LOCI, General Physics and Astronomy, MESH: Haplotype, MESH: Cognition, 030105 genetics & heredity, Runs of Homozygosity, Biochemistry, Consanguinity, Cognition, Inbreeding depression, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Body Size, Inbreeding, Skyldleikarækt, Aetiology, Human phenotypes, lcsh:Science, MESH: Health Status, Genetics, Multidisciplinary, Inbreeding Depression, Confounding, Homozygote, RUNS, 631/208/205, 631/208/721, 3. Good health, genomic inbreeding coefficients, MESH: Risk-Taking, 631/208/730, Autozygosit, homozygosity, Erfðarannsóknir, Medical Genetics, genomic inbreeding coefficient, MESH: Homozygote, Offspring, Science, Autozygosity, Blóðsifjar, 610 Medicine & health, Biology, INBREEDING DEPRESSION, HOMOZYGOSITY, FERTILITY, QUANTIFICATION, Physics and Astronomy(all), General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Association, 03 medical and health sciences, Risk-Taking, 360 Social problems & social services, Journal Article, Humans, ddc:610, Allele, Alleles, Medicinsk genetik, Genetic association study, MESH: Consanguinity, MESH: Body Size, MESH: Humans, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), MESH: Alleles, Haplotype, MESH: Fertility, General Chemistry, Brain Disorders, MESH: Inbreeding Depression, 030104 developmental biology, Fertility, Haplotypes, Genetic markers, lcsh:Q, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, 3111 Biomedicine, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Abstract

Publisher's version (útgefin grein)., In many species, the offspring of related parents suffer reduced reproductive success, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. In humans, the importance of this effect has remained unclear, partly because reproduction between close relatives is both rare and frequently associated with confounding social factors. Here, using genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) for >1.4 million individuals, we show that FROH is significantly associated (p < 0.0005) with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed. These changes are associated with runs of homozygosity (ROH), but not with common variant homozygosity, suggesting that genetic variants associated with inbreeding depression are predominantly rare. The effect on fertility is striking: FROH equivalent to the offspring of first cousins is associated with a 55% decrease [95% CI 44–66%] in the odds of having children. Finally, the effects of FROH are confirmed within full-sibling pairs, where the variation in FROH is independent of all environmental confounding., This paper is the work of the ROHgen consortium. We thank the Sigma T2D Consortium, whose members are detailed in Supplementary Note 3. We thank the UK Biobank Resource, approved under application 19655; we acknowledge funding from the UK Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit and MRC Doctoral Training Programme in Precision Medicine. We also thank Neil Robertson, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, for use of his author details management software, Authorial. Finally, we thank all the participants, researchers and funders of ROHgen cohorts. Cohort-specific acknowledgements are in Supplementary Data 2; personal acknowledgements and disclosures are in Supplementary Note 2. We thank Rachel Edwards for administrative assistance.

Published
2019
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38. Genome-wide association meta-analysis of 30,000 samples identifies seven novel loci for quantitative ECG traits

Author

Yalda Jamshidi, Paul I.W. de Bakker, J. Wouter Jukema, Ilaria Gandin, Monika Stoll, Christopher P. Nelson, Moritz F. Sinner, Eco J. C. de Geus, André G. Uitterlinden, Jan A. Kors, Vilmundur Gudnason, Sheila Ulivi, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Terho Lehtimäki, Antonietta Robino, Mark Eijgelsheim, Annamaria Iorio, Niek Verweij, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Ian Ford, Hao Mei, James G. Wilson, Albert V. Smith, Thomas Meitinger, Gianfranco Sinagra, Claudia T. Silva Aldana, Maartje N. Niemeijer, Torben Hansen, Allan Linneberg, Jennifer A. Brody, Pim van der Harst, Stella Trompet, Paolo Gasparini, Bram P. Prins, Stefan Kääb, Hamdi Mbarek, Alvaro Alonso, Leanne M. Hall, Helen R. Warren, Dan E. Arking, Peter W. Macfarlane, Annette Peters, Olli T. Raitakari, Daiane Hemerich, Mark J. Caulfield, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Dorret I. Boomsma, Aaron Isaacs, Bruno H. Stricker, Tamara B. Harris, Susan R. Heckbert, Jessica van Setten, Niels Grarup, Patricia B. Munroe, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Nilesh J. Samani, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Nona Sotoodehnia, Jørgen K. Kanters, Melanie Waldenberger, Biological Psychology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Mental Health, APH - Methodology, APH - Personalized Medicine, Erasmus MC other, Epidemiology, Medical Informatics, Læknadeild (HÍ), Faculty of Medicine (UI), Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ), School of Health Sciences (UI), Háskóli Íslands, University of Iceland, van Setten, Jessica, Verweij, Niek, Mbarek, Hamdi, Niemeijer, Maartje N., Trompet, Stella, Arking, Dan E., Brody, Jennifer A., Gandin, Ilaria, Grarup, Niel, Hall, Leanne M., Hemerich, Daiane, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Mei, Hao, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Prins, Bram P., Robino, Antonietta, Smith, Albert V., Warren, Helen R., Asselbergs, Folkert W., Boomsma, Dorret I., Caulfield, Mark J., Eijgelsheim, Mark, Ford, Ian, Hansen, Torben, Harris, Tamara B., Heckbert, Susan R., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Iorio, Anita, Kors, Jan A., Linneberg, Allan, Macfarlane, Peter W., Meitinger, Thoma, Nelson, Christopher P., Raitakari, Olli T., Silva Aldana, Claudia T., Sinagra, Gianfranco, Sinner, Moritz, Soliman, Elsayed Z., Stoll, Monika, Uitterlinden, Andre, van Duijn, Cornelia M., Waldenberger, Melanie, Alonso, Alvaro, Gasparini, Paolo, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Jamshidi, Yalda, Kääb, Stefan, Kanters, Jørgen K., Lehtimäki, Terho, Munroe, Patricia B., Peters, Annette, Samani, Nilesh J., Sotoodehnia, Nona, Ulivi, Sheila, Wilson, James G., de Geus, Eco J. C., Jukema, J. Wouter, Stricker, Bruno, van der Harst, Pim, de Bakker, Paul I. W., Isaacs, Aaron, Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Biochemie, RS: FHML MaCSBio, RS: CARIM - R1 - Thrombosis and haemostasis, and RS: Carim - B01 Blood proteins & engineering

Subjects
Male, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Genetics, Genetics (clinical), PROTEIN, Genome-wide association study, Quantitative trait, Genome-wide association studies, ANNOTATION, Gene locus, Electrocardiography, Computer model, Netherlands, Priority journal, Allele, 0303 health sciences, Genome, Rr interval, 030305 genetics & heredity, COMMON VARIANTS, ddc, GLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR, Qrs interval, Female, Cohort analysis, Erfðarannsóknir, PHOSPHOLAMBAN, Human, QT INTERVAL DURATION, Genotype, Heart rate, HEART-RATE, Exon, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Major clinical study, Biology, Quantitative trait locus, Dutchman, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, QT interval, Article, Sample, 03 medical and health sciences, QRS complex, Genetic, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Humans, PR interval, Gene mapping, Genetic association, MUTATIONS, Follow up, CONTRACTILITY, DNA-rannsóknir, R1, Gene frequency, POLYMORPHISM, Electrocardiogram, Single nucleotide polymorphism, Minor allele frequency, Genetic Loci, Meta analysis, Qt interval, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Publisher's version (útgefin grein), Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of quantitative electrocardiographic (ECG) traits in large consortia have identified more than 130 loci associated with QT interval, QRS duration, PR interval, and heart rate (RR interval). In the current study, we meta-analyzed genome-wide association results from 30,000 mostly Dutch samples on four ECG traits: PR interval, QRS duration, QT interval, and RR interval. SNP genotype data was imputed using the Genome of the Netherlands reference panel encompassing 19 million SNPs, including millions of rare SNPs (minor allele frequency < 5%). In addition to many known loci, we identified seven novel locus-trait associations: KCND3, NR3C1, and PLN for PR interval, KCNE1, SGIP1, and NFKB1 for QT interval, and ATP2A2 for QRS duration, of which six were successfully replicated. At these seven loci, we performed conditional analyses and annotated significant SNPs (in exons and regulatory regions), demonstrating involvement of cardiac-related pathways and regulation of nearby genes., Folkert W. Asselbergs is supported by UCL Hospitals NIHR Biomedical Research Centre.

Published
2019
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39. 52 Genetic Loci Influencing Myocardial Mass

Author

Alan F. Wright, Cisca Wijmenga, Bruno H. Stricker, Peter W. Macfarlane, Edward G. Lakatta, Uwe Völker, Lenore J. Launer, Olli T. Raitakari, Stephan B. Felix, Toshiko Tanaka, Osorio Meirelles, Phil Barnett, Thomas Meitinger, Albert Hofman, Bosco Trinh, Tamara B. Harris, Peter M. Okin, Axel Visel, Teresa Nutile, Claudia T. Silva, Harry Campbell, Ilja M. Nolte, M. Fabiola Del Greco, Terho Lehtimäki, Shih-Jen Hwang, Alicia Lundby, Kamil Slowikowski, Luigi Ferrucci, Joshua C. Bis, Jerome I. Rotter, Nona Sotoodehnia, Sebastian Schafer, Igor Rudan, Ozren Polasek, Vinicius Tragante, Kenneth Rice, Connie R. Bezzina, Siegfried Perz, Aravinda Chakravarti, Paul I.W. de Bakker, Jared W. Magnani, Xinchen Wang, Yigal M. Pinto, Carsten Oliver Schmidt, Marcus Dörr, Peter P. Pramstaller, Jobanpreet Sehmi, Susan R. Heckbert, Richard B. Devereux, Jesper V. Olsen, Sheila Ulivi, Shane Neph, Peter M. Visscher, James F. Wilson, Alexander Nord, Tim D. Spector, Stefan Kääb, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Weihua Zhang, Lin Y. Chen, Pim van der Harst, Veronique Vitart, Anna F. Dominiczak, Mark Eijgelsheim, Pieter A. Doevendans, Josef M. Penninger, Jaspal S. Kooner, Georg Vogler, Patricia B. Munroe, Soumya Raychaudhuri, Christian Gieger, Harold Snieder, Annamaria Iorio, Caroline Hayward, Yalda Jamshidi, Mika Kähönen, Jessica van Setten, Wilko Spiering, Ian Ford, Andrew A. Hicks, John C. Chambers, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Matthew T. Maurano, Niek Verweij, Maria Grazia Pilia, Rolf Bodmer, Vilmundur Gudnason, Ben A. Oostra, Megan V. Cannon, Nilesh J. Samani, Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel, Annette Peters, David Schlessinger, Daniel Levy, J. Wouter Jukema, Malou van den Boogaard, Brendan M. Buckley, Arne Pfeufer, Michiel E. Adriaens, Rossella Sorice, Matthias Heinig, Jian Yang, Norbert Hubner, Stefania Bandinelli, André G. Uitterlinden, Hans L. Hillege, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Andres Metspalu, Eric Haugen, Laurie A. Boyer, Ronald P. Stolk, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Dan E. Arking, Manolis Kellis, Ishminder K. Kooner, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Dena G. Hernandez, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Len A. Pennacchio, Kasper Lage, Gianfranco Sinagra, Bruce M. Psaty, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Stefania Nappo, Dalit May, Paolo Gasparini, Elizabeth J. Rossin, Rudolf A. de Boer, Alessandro P Delitala, Tõnu Esko, John A. Stamatoyannopoulos, Aaron Isaacs, Kathleen F. Kerr, Sian Tsung Tan, Tune H. Pers, Serena Sanna, Melanie Waldenberger, Marina Ciullo, Jorma Viikari, Vincent M. Christoffels, Bram P. Prins, Alvaro Alonso, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Harm-Jan Westra, Moritz F. Sinner, Albert V. Smith, Kirill V. Tarasov, Konstantin Strauch, Wiek H. van Gilst, Christian X. Weichenberger, Lude Franke, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Herman H W Silljé, Jan A. Kors, Irene Mateo Leach, Karl Andersen, Ivana Kolcic, Stella Trompet, Silvia Naitza, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Raychaudhuri, Soumya, Sciences, RS: FSE MaCSBio, RS: FPN MaCSBio, RS: FHML MaCSBio, Biochemie, RS: CARIM - R1.06 - Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics of cardiovascular diseases, Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology, Fysiologie, RS: Carim - B01 Blood proteins & engineering, Graduate School, ANS - Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, ANS - Neuroinfection & -inflammation, AGEM - Endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition, Medical Biology, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Intensive Care Medicine, Other Research, Cardiology, Ophthalmology, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, AII - Inflammatory diseases, AII - Infectious diseases, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Experimental Immunology, Erasmus MC other, Epidemiology, Public Health, Medical Informatics, Clinical Genetics, Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), van der Harst, Pim, van Setten, Jessica, Verweij, Niek, Vogler, Georg, Franke, Lude, Maurano, Matthew T., Wang, Xinchen, Mateo Leach, Irene, Eijgelsheim, Mark, Sotoodehnia, Nona, Hayward, Caroline, Sorice, Rossella, Meirelles, Osorio, Lyytikäinen, Leo Pekka, Polašek, Ozren, Tanaka, Toshiko, Arking, Dan E., Ulivi, Sheila, Trompet, Stella, Müller Nurasyid, Martina, Smith, Albert V., Dörr, Marcu, Kerr, Kathleen F., Magnani, Jared W., Fabiola, Del Greco M., Zhang, Weihua, Nolte, Ilja M., Silva, Claudia T., Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Tragante, Viniciu, Esko, Tõnu, Abecasis, Gonçalo R., Adriaens, Michiel E., Andersen, Karl, Barnett, Phil, Bis, Joshua C., Bodmer, Rolf, Buckley, Brendan M., Campbell, Harry, Cannon, Megan V., Chakravarti, Aravinda, Chen, Lin Y., Delitala, Alessandro, Devereux, Richard B., Doevendans, Pieter A., Dominiczak, Anna F., Ferrucci, Luigi, Ford, Ian, Gieger, Christian, Harris, Tamara B., Haugen, Eric, Heinig, Matthia, Hernandez, Dena G., Hillege, Hans L., Hirschhorn, Joel N., Hofman, Albert, Hubner, Norbert, Hwang, Shih Jen, Iorio, Annamaria, Kähönen, Mika, Kellis, Manoli, Kolcic, Ivana, Kooner, Ishminder K., Kooner, Jaspal S., Kors, Jan A., Lakatta, Edward G., Lage, Kasper, Launer, Lenore J., Levy, Daniel, Lundby, Alicia, Macfarlane, Peter W., May, Dalit, Meitinger, Thoma, Metspalu, Andre, Nappo, Stefania, Naitza, Silvia, Neph, Shane, Nord, Alex S., Nutile, Teresa, Okin, Peter M., Olsen, Jesper V., Oostra, Ben A., Penninger, Josef M., Pennacchio, Len A., Pers, Tune H., Perz, Siegfried, Peters, Annette, Pinto, Yigal M., Pfeufer, Arne, Pilia, Maria Grazia, Pramstaller, Peter P., Prins, Bram P., Raitakari, Olli T., Rice, Ken M., Rossin, Elizabeth J., Rotter, Jerome I., Schafer, Sebastian, Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Carsten O., Sehmi, Jobanpreet, Silljé, Herman H. W., Sinagra, Gianfranco, Sinner, Moritz F., Slowikowski, Kamil, Soliman, Elsayed Z., Spector, Timothy D., Spiering, Wilko, Stamatoyannopoulos, John A., Stolk, Ronald P., Strauch, Konstantin, Tan, Sian Tsung, Tarasov, Kirill V., Trinh, Bosco, Uitterlinden, Andre G., van den Boogaard, Malou, van Duijn, Cornelia M., van Gilst, Wiek H., Viikari, Jorma S., Visscher, Peter M., Vitart, Veronique, Völker, Uwe, Waldenberger, Melanie, Weichenberger, Christian X., Westra, Harm Jan, Wijmenga, Cisca, Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H., Yang, Jian, Bezzina, Connie R., Munroe, Patricia B., Snieder, Harold, Wright, Alan F., Rudan, Igor, Boyer, Laurie A., Asselbergs, Folkert W., van Veldhuisen, Dirk J., Stricker, Bruno H., Psaty, Bruce M., Ciullo, Marina, Sanna, Serena, Lehtimäki, Terho, Wilson, James F., Bandinelli, Stefania, Alonso, Alvaro, Gasparini, Paolo, Jukema, J. Wouter, Kääb, Stefan, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Felix, Stephan B., Heckbert, Susan R., de Boer, Rudolf A., Newton Cheh, Christopher, Hicks, Andrew A., Chambers, John C., Jamshidi, Yalda, Visel, Axel, Christoffels, Vincent M., Isaacs, Aaron, Samani, Nilesh J., and de Bakker, Paul I. W.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Biological functions, Qrs, Electrocardiogram, Genetic Association Study, Heart Failure, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Candidate gene, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, heart failure, Genome-wide association study, ELECTROCARDIOGRAM, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, SCN5A gene, Gene locus, DISEASE, Muscle hypertrophy, In vivo study, 0302 clinical medicine, Sodium channel Nav1.5, REGULATORY DNA, Sodium channel Nav1.8, Cardiac muscle, CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY, Priority journal, RISK, Genetics, Validation study, Heart, Genetic parameters, Reliability, Chromatin, left ventricular hypertrophy, GENOME, Drosophila melanogaster, Phenotype, medicine.anatomical_structure, 1117 Public Health And Health Services, genetic association study, Cardiology, cardiovascular system, HEART, Functional assessment, Histone modification, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Genetic trait, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiomegaly, Locus (genetics), Major clinical study, electrocardiogram, European, QRS, 1102 Cardiovascular Medicine And Haematology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, QRS complex, LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY, Internal medicine, Journal Article, medicine, Mus musculus, Protein binding, Animals, Humans, SCN10A gene, VOLTAGE, Cardiovascular parameters, Heart ventricle hypertrophy, Science & Technology, Human genome, Animal, business.industry, MORTALITY, In vitro study, ta3121, medicine.disease, DYSFUNCTION, 030104 developmental biology, Gene identification, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Genetic Loci, Heart failure, Expression quantitative trait loci, Genetic association, Meta analysis (topic), Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, Genetic variability, Transcription factor, Myocardial mass, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND Myocardial mass is a key determinant of cardiac muscle function and hypertrophy. Myocardial depolarization leading to cardiac muscle contraction is reflected by the amplitude and duration of the QRS complex on the electrocardiogram (ECG). Abnormal QRS amplitude or duration reflect changes in myocardial mass and conduction, and are associated with increased risk of heart failure and death.OBJECTIVES This meta-analysis sought to gain insights into the genetic determinants of myocardial mass.METHODS We carried out a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 4 QRS traits in up to 73,518 individuals of European ancestry, followed by extensive biological and functional assessment.RESULTS We identified 52 genomic loci, of which 32 are novel, that are reliably associated with 1 or more QRS phenotypes at p CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our findings provide new insights into genes and biological pathways controlling myocardial mass and may help identify novel therapeutic targets. (C) 2016 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.

Published
2016
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40. PR interval genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 50 loci associated with atrial and atrioventricular electrical activity

Author

Bruno H. Stricker, Antonietta Robino, Gandin Ilaria, Marylyn D. Ritchie, Mark Eijgelsheim, Hilma Holm, Marcus Dörr, Philipp S. Wild, Jessica van Setten, Stephan B. Felix, Maristella Steri, Jared W. Magnani, Brendan M. Buckley, Peter P. Pramstaller, Claudia T. Silva Aldana, Niek Verweij, Tim D. Spector, Ruth J. F. Loos, Dan M. Roden, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Mina K. Chung, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Stefania Bandinelli, Harm-Jan Westra, James F. Wilson, Honghuang Lin, Braxton D. Mitchell, Patrick T. Ellinor, Patricia B. Munroe, Harold Snieder, Thomas Münzel, Sheila Ulivi, Andrew A. Hicks, Nona Sotoodehnia, Daniel S. Evans, Annamaria Iorio, Peter W. Macfarlane, Vilmundur Gudnason, Christy L. Avery, Caroline Hayward, Cornelia M. van Duijn, John Barnard, Alvaro Alonso, Dana C. Crawford, Uwe Völker, David R. Van Wagoner, Tamara B. Harris, Harry Campbell, Ozren Polasek, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Ilja M. Nolte, Bouwe P. Krijthe, Eric Boerwinkle, Moritz F. Sinner, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Mika Kähönen, Christian Müller, Renate B. Schnabel, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, George J. Papanicolaou, Ivana Kolcic, Stella Trompet, Jerome I. Rotter, Dan E. Arking, Kirill V. Tarasov, Igor Rudan, Bruce M. Psaty, Gianfranco Sinagra, Alexander Teumer, Yalda Jamshidi, David O. Arnar, Toshiko Tanaka, Melanie Waldenberger, Henry J. Lin, Luigi Ferrucci, Susan R. Heckbert, Jan A. Kors, Irene Mateo Leach, Joel S. Bader, Konstantin Strauch, Albert V. Smith, Paul I.W. de Bakker, Stefan Blankenberg, J. C. Bis, Edward G. Lakatta, Lenore J. Launer, Thomas Meitinger, Anna F. Dominiczak, Marcel den Hoed, Steven A. Lubitz, Stefan Kääb, David J. Stott, Francesco Cucca, Olli T. Raitakari, Afshin Parsa, Nilesh J. Samani, Josh C. Denny, Lude Franke, Oscar H. Franco, Yongmei Liu, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Henry Völzke, Terho Lehtimäki, Arne Pfeufer, Annette Peters, David Schlessinger, Xiaoyan Yin, Jennifer A. Brody, J. Wouter Jukema, Paolo Gasparini, Tanja Zeller, Aaron Isaacs, Anne M. Butler, Sina A. Gharib, Kathleen F. Kerr, Jonathan D. Smith, Pim van der Harst, André G. Uitterlinden, Quince Gibson, Yuki Bradford, Brenton R. Swenson, Emelia J. Benjamin, Georg Ehret, Kari Stefansson, Fabiola M. Del Greco, Biochemie, RS: CARIM - R1.01 - Blood proteins & engineering, RS: CARIM - R1.06 - Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics of cardiovascular diseases, RS: FHML MaCSBio, van Setten, Jessica, Brody, Jennifer A, Jamshidi, Yalda, Swenson, Brenton R, Butler, Anne M, Campbell, Harry, Del Greco, Fabiola M, Evans, Daniel S, Gibson, Quince, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, Kerr, Kathleen F, Krijthe, Bouwe P, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Müller, Christian, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Nolte, Ilja M, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Ritchie, Marylyn D, Robino, Antonietta, Smith, Albert V, Steri, Maristella, Tanaka, Toshiko, Teumer, Alexander, Trompet, Stella, Ulivi, Sheila, Verweij, Niek, Yin, Xiaoyan, Arnar, David O, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Bader, Joel S, Barnard, John, Bis, Josh, Blankenberg, Stefan, Boerwinkle, Eric, Bradford, Yuki, Buckley, Brendan M, Chung, Mina K, Crawford, Dana, den Hoed, Marcel, Denny, Josh C, Dominiczak, Anna F, Ehret, Georg B, Eijgelsheim, Mark, Ellinor, Patrick T, Felix, Stephan B, Franco, Oscar H, Franke, Lude, Harris, Tamara B, Holm, Hilma, Gandin, Ilaria, Iorio, Annamaria, Kähönen, Mika, Kolcic, Ivana, Kors, Jan A, Lakatta, Edward G, Launer, Lenore J, Lin, Honghuang, Lin, Henry J, Loos, Ruth J F, Lubitz, Steven A, Macfarlane, Peter W, Magnani, Jared W, Leach, Irene Mateo, Meitinger, Thoma, Mitchell, Braxton D, Munzel, Thoma, Papanicolaou, George J, Peters, Annette, Pfeufer, Arne, Pramstaller, Peter P, Raitakari, Olli T, Rotter, Jerome I, Rudan, Igor, Samani, Nilesh J, Schlessinger, David, Silva Aldana, Claudia T, Sinner, Moritz F, Smith, Jonathan D, Snieder, Harold, Soliman, Elsayed Z, Spector, Timothy D, Stott, David J, Strauch, Konstantin, Tarasov, Kirill V, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Van Wagoner, David R, Völker, Uwe, Völzke, Henry, Waldenberger, Melanie, Jan Westra, Harm, Wild, Philipp S, Zeller, Tanja, Alonso, Alvaro, Avery, Christy L, Bandinelli, Stefania, Benjamin, Emelia J, Cucca, Francesco, Dörr, Marcu, Ferrucci, Luigi, Gasparini, Paolo, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hayward, Caroline, Heckbert, Susan R, Hicks, Andrew A, Jukema, J Wouter, Kääb, Stefan, Lehtimäki, Terho, Liu, Yongmei, Munroe, Patricia B, Parsa, Afshin, Polasek, Ozren, Psaty, Bruce M, Roden, Dan M, Schnabel, Renate B, Sinagra, Gianfranco, Stefansson, Kari, Stricker, Bruno H, van der Harst, Pim, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Wilson, James F, Gharib, Sina A, de Bakker, Paul I W, Isaacs, Aaron, Arking, Dan E, Sotoodehnia, Nona, Faculty of Medicine (UI), Læknadeild (HÍ), School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI), Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ), School of Health Sciences (UI), Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ), Háskóli Íslands (HÍ), University of Iceland (UI), Epidemiology, Medical Informatics, Internal Medicine, Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), and Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL)

Subjects
Male, QRS duration, Epidemiology, Genome-wide association study, Biochemistry, Linkage Disequilibrium, Electrocardiography, 0302 clinical medicine, Atrioventricular Conduction, lcsh:Science, COMMON VARIANTS, Heart Depolarization, Canal de iones, Cardiovascular system, Gene Locus, Blood, cardiovascular system, Qrs Interval, FIBRILLATION, Enfermedades cardiovasculares, Human, Missense Mutation, Heart block, Science, HEART-RATE, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Missense/genetics, Physics and Astronomy(all), Factor de transcripción, European, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, PR interval genome, atrial electrical activity, atrioventricular electrical activity, 03 medical and health sciences, CARDIAC CONDUCTION, Cardiac conduction, Humans, Sistema cardiovascular, Common variants, Sangre, Cardiovascular genetics, medicine.disease, Heart-rate, Enfermedades, Electrophysiological Phenomena, 030104 developmental biology, Heart Block, Electric Activity, Mutation, lcsh:Q, Cell Junction, Cohorts, Meta-Analysis, 0301 basic medicine, Chemistry(all), Transcription Factor, General Physics and Astronomy, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Fibrilación auricular, Electrophysiological Phenomena/genetics, RARE, Ion Channel, Heart Rate, Risk Factors, Atrial Fibrillation, EPIDEMIOLOGY, Bloqueo cardíaco, SNPS, Genetics, RISK, Multidisciplinary, Genome, Atrial fibrillation, Genetic Analysis, Atrioventricular Node/physiology, Atrial Function, Phenotype, Heart Disease, Rare, Atrioventricular Node, Female, medicine.symptom, QRS DURATION, Atrial Function/physiology, Medical Genetics, SNPs, Signal Transduction, Risk, Heart Diseases, Mutation, Missense, macromolecular substances, Biology, QRS complex, medicine, Disequilibrium, Linkage Disequilibrium/genetics, cardiovascular diseases, PR interval, Medicinsk genetik, Fibrillation, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), Risk Factor, African, General Chemistry, COHORTS, Pr Interval, Gene Linkage Disequilibrium, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Publisher's version (útgefin grein). Publisher's note: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations., Electrocardiographic PR interval measures atrio-ventricular depolarization and conduction, and abnormal PR interval is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation and heart block. Our genome-wide association study of over 92,000 European-descent individuals identifies 44 PR interval loci (34 novel). Examination of these loci reveals known and previously not-yet-reported biological processes involved in cardiac atrial electrical activity. Genes in these loci are over-represented in cardiac disease processes including heart block and atrial fibrillation. Variants in over half of the 44 loci were associated with atrial or blood transcript expression levels, or were in high linkage disequilibrium with missense variants. Six additional loci were identified either by meta-analysis of ~105,000 African and European-descent individuals and/or by pleiotropic analyses combining PR interval with heart rate, QRS interval, and atrial fibrillation. These findings implicate developmental pathways, and identify transcription factors, ion-channel genes, and cell-junction/cell-signaling proteins in atrio-ventricular conduction, identifying potential targets for drug development., Acknowledgements per cohort are listed in Supplementary Note 2. We thank the following studies for sharing their summary level results: QRS voltage (van der Harst et al., 2016)[12], heart rate (den Hoed et al., 2013)[35], RR interval (Eijgelsheim et al., 2010)[11], atrial fibrillation (Christophersen et al., 2017[15]), and CARe-COGENT AA PR Consortium (Butler et al., 2012)[33]. We acknowledge Dr. Vinicius Tragante for his help generating the author list.

Published
2018
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41. Exome-chip meta-analysis identifies novel loci associated with cardiac conduction, including ADAMTS6

Author

Farid Radmanesh, Kenneth Rice, Xiuqing Guo, Jessica van Setten, Konstantin Strauch, Albert V. Smith, Jeffrey Haessler, Stefan Kääb, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Patricia B. Munroe, Steven A. Lubitz, Ching-Ti Liu, Niek Verweij, Aaron Isaacs, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Allan Linneberg, Jan A. Kors, Ozren Polasek, Kari Stefansson, Caroline Hayward, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Jonathan Marten, Olli T. Raitakari, Mark Eijgelsheim, Timothy J. Mead, Nona Sotoodehnia, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Hao Mei, Gianfranco Sinagra, Stefan Weiss, Torben Hansen, Michiel L. Bots, Mika Kähönen, Yalda Jamshidi, Xiaoqin Liu, Stefania Cappellani, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Nilesh J. Samani, Cecilia W. Lo, Honghuang Lin, Charles Kooperberg, Moritz F. Sinner, Zhijun Xie, Jennifer A. Brody, Paolo Gasparini, Ruifang Li-Gao, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Stefan van Duijvenboden, Nikolai Klena, Michele Orini, Stella Trompet, Joop Jukema, Tamara B. Harris, Jerome I. Rotter, Stephan B. Felix, Julia Ramirez, Sheila Ulivi, Ioanna Ntalla, Marcus Dörr, Annette Peters, Paul L. Huang, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Igor Rudan, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Christopher P. Nelson, Anna F. Dominiczak, Henry Völzke, Terho Lehtimäki, Niels Grarup, Henry J. Lin, Bruno H. Stricker, Tim D. Spector, Molly Schwartz, Patrick T. Ellinor, Vilmundur Gudnason, Uwe Völker, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Antonietta Robino, Marten E. van den Berg, Çağrı Güleç, Marco V Perez, Jette Bork-Jensen, Pim van der Harst, Rudolf A. de Boer, Jonathan Rosand, Oluf Pedersen, Susan R. Heckbert, David O Arnar, Dan E. Arking, André G. Uitterlinden, Andrew Tinker, Bram P. Prins, Lenore J. Launer, Alvaro Alonso, Leanne M. Hall, Helen R. Warren, Man Li, Pier D. Lambiase, Jørgen K. Kanters, Ilonca Vaartjes, James G. Wilson, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Melanie Waldenberger, Nathan A. Bihlmeyer, Peter van der Meer, Francesco J. Conti, George C. Gabriel, Hilma Holm, Gardar Sveinbjornsson, Suneel S. Apte, Annamaria Iorio, Blair H. Smith, Bruce M. Psaty, RS: CARIM - R1.06 - Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics of cardiovascular diseases, RS: CARIM - R1.01 - Blood proteins & engineering, RS: FHML MaCSBio, Biochemie, Jamshidi, Yalda [0000-0003-0151-6482], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Medical Informatics, Epidemiology, Internal Medicine, Læknadeild (HÍ), Faculty of Medicine (UI), Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ), School of Health Sciences (UI), School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI), Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ), Háskóli Íslands (HÍ), University of Iceland (UI), Prins, Bram P, Mead, Timothy J, Brody, Jennifer A, Sveinbjornsson, Gardar, Ntalla, Ioanna, Bihlmeyer, Nathan A, van den Berg, Marten, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Cappellani, Stefania, Van Duijvenboden, Stefan, Klena, Nikolai T, Gabriel, George C, Liu, Xiaoqin, Gulec, Cagri, Grarup, Niel, Haessler, Jeffrey, Hall, Leanne M, Iorio, Annamaria, Isaacs, Aaron, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lin, Honghuang, Liu, Ching-Ti, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Marten, Jonathan, Mei, Hao, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Orini, Michele, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Radmanesh, Farid, Ramirez, Julia, Robino, Antonietta, Schwartz, Molly, van Setten, Jessica, Smith, Albert V, Verweij, Niek, Warren, Helen R, Weiss, Stefan, Alonso, Alvaro, Arnar, David O, Bots, Michiel L, de Boer, Rudolf A, Dominiczak, Anna F, Eijgelsheim, Mark, Ellinor, Patrick T, Guo, Xiuqing, Felix, Stephan B, Harris, Tamara B, Hayward, Caroline, Heckbert, Susan R, Huang, Paul L, Jukema, J W, Kähönen, Mika, Kors, Jan A, Lambiase, Pier D, Launer, Lenore J, Li, Man, Linneberg, Allan, Nelson, Christopher P, Pedersen, Oluf, Perez, Marco, Peters, Annette, Polasek, Ozren, Psaty, Bruce M, Raitakari, Olli T, Rice, Kenneth M, Rotter, Jerome I, Sinner, Moritz F, Soliman, Elsayed Z, Spector, Tim D, Strauch, Konstantin, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Tinker, Andrew, Trompet, Stella, Uitterlinden, André, Vaartjes, Ilonca, van der Meer, Peter, Völker, Uwe, Völzke, Henry, Waldenberger, Melanie, Wilson, James G, Xie, Zhijun, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Dörr, Marcu, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Gasparini, Paolo, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hansen, Torben, Kääb, Stefan, Kanters, Jørgen K, Kooperberg, Charle, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lin, Henry J, Lubitz, Steven A, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O, Conti, Francesco J, Newton-Cheh, Christopher H, Rosand, Jonathan, Rudan, Igor, Samani, Nilesh J, Sinagra, Gianfranco, Smith, Blair H, Holm, Hilma, Stricker, Bruno H, Ulivi, Sheila, Sotoodehnia, Nona, Apte, Suneel S, van der Harst, Pim, Stefansson, Kari, Munroe, Patricia B, Arking, Dan E, Lo, Cecilia W, Jamshidi, Yalda, Medical Biochemistry, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, AII - Infectious diseases, AGEM - Endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition, AGEM - Inborn errors of metabolism, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Radiotherapy, Experimental Immunology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School, Intensive Care Medicine, Cardiology, Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), and Restoring Organ Function by Means of Regenerative Medicine (REGENERATE)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, ADAMTS6, Conduction, Exome chip, Meta-analysis, Male, Gene Expression, Genome-wide association study, Sudden cardiac death, Electrocardiography, Mice, ADAMTS Proteins, PR INTERVAL, Exome, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Exome sequencing, POPULATION, education.field_of_study, Gen, Ecology, Adamts6, Exome Chip, COMMON VARIANTS, Middle Aged, cardiovascular system, Female, Electrical conduction system of the heart, QRS DURATION, lcsh:QH426-470, Evolution, Population, Black People, Computational biology, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, WORSENING HEART-FAILURE, 03 medical and health sciences, QRS complex, Open Reading Frames, Behavior and Systematics, VENTRICULAR CONDUCTION, Heart Conduction System, Cardiac conduction, Exome Sequencing, medicine, Genetics, Erfðafræði, Animals, Humans, ARRHYTHMIC DEATH, cardiovascular diseases, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Research, Gene Expression Profiling, Myocardium, MORTALITY, Rannsóknir, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, lcsh:Genetics, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Biology (General), Genetic Loci, Connexin 43, ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Publisher's version (útgefin grein)., Background: Genome-wide association studies conducted on QRS duration, an electrocardiographic measurement associated with heart failure and sudden cardiac death, have led to novel biological insights into cardiac function. However, the variants identified fall predominantly in non-coding regions and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Results: Here, we identify putative functional coding variation associated with changes in the QRS interval duration by combining Illumina HumanExome BeadChip genotype data from 77,898 participants of European ancestry and 7695 of African descent in our discovery cohort, followed by replication in 111,874 individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank and deCODE cohorts. We identify ten novel loci, seven within coding regions, including ADAMTS6, significantly associated with QRS duration in gene-based analyses. ADAMTS6 encodes a secreted metalloprotease of currently unknown function. In vitro validation analysis shows that the QRS-associated variants lead to impaired ADAMTS6 secretion and loss-of function analysis in mice demonstrates a previously unappreciated role for ADAMTS6 in connexin 43 gap junction expression, which is essential for myocardial conduction. Conclusions: Our approach identifies novel coding and non-coding variants underlying ventricular depolarization and provides a possible mechanism for the ADAMTS6-associated conduction changes., Funding This work was funded by a grant to YJ from the British Heart Foundation (PG/12/38/29615). AGES: This study has been funded by NIH contracts N01-AG-1-2100 and 271201200022C, the NIA Intramural Research Program, Hjartavernd (the Icelandic Heart Association), and the Althingi (the Icelandic Parliament). The study is approved by the Icelandic National Bioethics Committee, VSN: 00–063. The researchers are indebted to the participants for their willingness to participate in the study. ARIC: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study is carried out as a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contracts (HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, and HHSN268201100012C), R01HL087641, R01HL59367, and R01HL086694; National Human Genome Research Institute contract U01HG004402; and National Institutes of Health contract HHSN268200625226C. The authors thank the staff and participants of the ARIC study for their important contributions. Infrastructure was partly supported by Grant Number UL1RR025005, a component of the National Institutes of Health and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. Funding support for “Building on GWAS for NHLBI-diseases: the U.S. CHARGE consortium” was provided by the NIH through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) (5RC2HL102419). BRIGHT: The Exome Chip genotyping was funded by Wellcome Trust Strategic Awards (083948 and 085475). This work was also supported by the Medical Research Council of Great Britain (Grant no. G9521010D); and by the British Heart Foundation (Grant no. PG/02/128). AFD was supported by the British Heart Foundation (Grant nos. RG/07/005/23633 and SP/08/005/25115); and by the European Union Ingenious HyperCare Consortium: Integrated Genomics, Clinical Research, and Care in Hypertension (grant no. LSHM-C7–2006-037093). The BRIGHT study is extremely grateful to all the patients who participated in the study and the BRIGHT nursing team. We would also like to thank the Barts Genome Centre staff for their assistance with this project. CHS: This Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) research was supported by NHLBI contracts HHSN268201800001C, HHSN268201200036C, HHSN268200800007C, N01HC55222, N01HC85079, N01HC85080, N01HC85081, N01HC85082, N01HC85083, N01HC85086; and NHLBI grants R01HL068986, U01HL080295, R01HL087652, R01HL105756, R01HL103612, R01HL120393, and U01HL130114 with additional contribution from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Additional support was provided through R01AG023629 from the National Institute on Aging (NIA). A full list of principal CHS investigators and institutions can be found at CHS-NHLBI.org. The provision of genotyping data was supported in part by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, CTSI grant UL1TR001881, and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease Diabetes Research Center (DRC) grant DK063491 to the Southern California Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. ERF: The ERF study as a part of EUROSPAN (European Special Populations Research Network) was supported by European Commission FP6 STRP grant number 018947 (LSHG-CT-2006-01947) and also received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013)/grant agreement HEALTH-F4–2007-201413 by the European Commission under the programme “Quality of Life and Management of the Living Resources” of 5th Framework Programme (no. QLG2-CT-2002-01254). The ERF study was further supported by ENGAGE consortium and CMSB. High-throughput analysis of the ERF data was supported by joint grant from Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (NWO-RFBR 047.017.043). We are grateful to all study participants and their relatives, general practitioners, and neurologists for their contributions to the ERF study and to P Veraart for her help in genealogy, J Vergeer for the supervision of the laboratory work, and P Snijders for his help in data collection. FHS: The Framingham Heart Study (FHS) research reported in this article was supported by a grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), HL120393. Generation Scotland: Generation Scotland received core support from the Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health Directorates (CZD/16/6) and the Scottish Funding Council (HR03006). Genotyping of the Generation Scotland and Scottish Family Health Study samples was carried out by the Genetics Core Laboratory at the Clinical Research Facility, Edinburgh, Scotland and was funded by the UK’s Medical Research Council. GOCHA: The Genetics of Cerebral Hemorrhage with Anticoagulation was carried out as a collaborative study supported by grants R01NS073344, R01NS059727, and 5K23NS059774 from the NIH–National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH-NINDS). GRAPHIC: The GRAPHIC Study was funded by the British Heart Foundation (BHF/RG/2000004). NJS and CPN are supported by the British Heart Foundation and is a NIHR Senior Investigator. This work falls under the portfolio of research supported by the NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research. INGI-FVG: This study has been funded by Regione FVG (L.26.2008). INTER99: The Inter99 was initiated by Torben Jørgensen (PI), Knut Borch-Johnsen (co-PI), Hans Ibsen and Troels F. Thomsen. The steering committee comprises the former two and Charlotta Pisinger. The study was financially supported by research grants from the Danish Research Council, the Danish Centre for Health Technology Assessment, Novo Nordisk Inc., Research Foundation of Copenhagen County, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Health, the Danish Heart Foundation, the Danish Pharmaceutical Association, the Augustinus Foundation, the Ib Henriksen Foundation, the Becket Foundation, and the Danish Diabetes Association. The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research is an independent Research Center at the University of Copenhagen partially funded by an unrestricted donation from the Novo Nordisk Foundation (www.metabol.ku.dk). JHS: We thank the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) participants and staff for their contributions to this work. The JHS is supported by contracts HHSN268201300046C, HHSN268201300047C, HHSN268201300048C, HHSN268201300049C, HHSN268201300050C from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. Dr. Wilson is supported by U54GM115428 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. KORA: The KORA study was initiated and financed by the Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and by the State of Bavaria. Furthermore, KORA research was supported within the Munich Center of Health Sciences (MC-Health), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, as part of LMUinnovativ. Korcula: This work was funded by the Medical Research Council UK, The Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sports (grant 216–1080315-0302), the Croatian Science Foundation (grant 8875), the Centre of Excellence in Personalized health care, and the Centre of Competencies for Integrative Treatment, Prevention and Rehabilitation using TMS. LifeLines: The LifeLines Cohort Study and generation and management of GWAS genotype data for the LifeLines Cohort Study are supported by The Netherlands Organization of Scientific Research NWO (grant 175.010.2007.006), the Economic Structure Enhancing Fund (FES) of the Dutch government, the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, the Ministry for Health, Welfare and Sports, the Northern Netherlands Collaboration of Provinces (SNN), the Province of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the University of Groningen, Dutch Kidney Foundation, and Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation. Niek Verweij is supported by NWO-VENI (016.186.125) and Marie Sklodowska-Curie GF (call: H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, Project ID: 661395). UHP: Folkert W. Asselbergs is supported by UCL Hospitals NIHR Biomedical Research Centre. Ilonca Vaartjes is supported by a Dutch Heart Foundation grant DHF project “Facts and Figures.” MGH-CAMP: Dr. Patrick Ellinor is funded by NIH grants (2R01HL092577, 1R01HL128914, R01HL104156, and K24HL105780) and American Heart Association Established Investigator Award 13EIA14220013 (Ellinor). Dr. Steve Lubitz is funded by NIH grants K23HL114724 and a Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Clinical Scientist Development Award 2014105. NEO: The authors of the NEO study thank all individuals who participated in the Netherlands Epidemiology in Obesity study, all participating general practitioners for inviting eligible participants, and all research nurses for collection of the data. We thank the NEO study group, Pat van Beelen, Petra Noordijk, and Ingeborg de Jonge for the coordination, lab, and data management of the NEO study. We also thank Arie Maan for the analyses of the electrocardiograms. The genotyping in the NEO study was supported by the Centre National de Génotypage (Paris, France), headed by Jean-Francois Deleuze. The NEO study is supported by the participating Departments, the Division and the Board of Directors of the Leiden University Medical Center, and by the Leiden University, Research Profile Area Vascular and Regenerative Medicine. Dennis Mook-Kanamori is supported by Dutch Science Organization (ZonMW-VENI Grant 916.14.023). RS-I: The generation and management of the Illumina Exome Chip v1.0 array data for the Rotterdam Study (RS-I) was executed by the Human Genotyping Facility of the Genetic Laboratory of the Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The Exome chip array dataset was funded by the Genetic Laboratory of the Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, from the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)/Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA; project nr. 050–060-810); the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO; project number 184021007); and by the Rainbow Project (RP10; Netherlands Exome Chip Project) of the Biobanking and Biomolecular Research Infrastructure Netherlands (BBMRI-NL; www.bbmri.nl). We thank Ms. Mila Jhamai, Ms. Sarah Higgins, and Mr. Marijn Verkerk for their help in creating the exome chip database, and Carolina Medina-Gomez, MSc, Lennard Karsten, MSc, and Linda Broer PhD for QC and variant calling. Variants were called using the best practice protocol developed by Grove et al. as part of the CHARGE consortium exome chip central calling effort. The Rotterdam Study is funded by Erasmus Medical Center and Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands Organization for the Health Research and Development (ZonMw), the Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (RIDE), the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, the Ministry for Health, Welfare and Sports, the European Commission (DG XII), and the Municipality of Rotterdam. The authors are grateful to the study participants, the staff from the Rotterdam Study, and the participating general practitioners and pharmacists. The work of Bruno H. Stricker is supported by grants from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) (Priority Medicines Elderly 113102005 to ME and DoelmatigheidsOnderzoek 80–82500–98-10208 to BHS). The work of Mark Eijgelsheim is supported by grants from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) (Priority Medicines Elderly 113102005 to ME and DoelmatigheidsOnderzoek 80–82500–98-10208 to BHS). SHIP: SHIP is supported by the BMBF (grants 01ZZ9603, 01ZZ0103, and 01ZZ0403) and the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG]; grant GR 1912/5–1). SHIP and SHIP-TREND are part of the Community Medicine Research net (CMR) of the Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald (EMAU) which is funded by the BMBF as well as the Ministry for Education, Science and Culture and the Ministry of Labor, Equal Opportunities, and Social Affairs of the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania. The CMR encompasses several research projects that share data from SHIP. The EMAU is a member of the Center of Knowledge Interchange (CKI) program of the Siemens AG. SNP typing of SHIP and SHIP-TREND using the Illumina Infinium HumanExome BeadChip (version v1.0) was supported by the BMBF (grant 03Z1CN22). We thank all SHIP and SHIP-TREND participants and staff members as well as the genotyping staff involved in the generation of the SNP data. TWINSUK: TwinsUK is funded by the Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council, European Union, the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)-funded BioResource, Clinical Research Facility and Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King’s College London. UKBB: This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource (application 8256 - Understanding genetic influences in the response of the cardiac electrical system to exercise) and is supported by Medical Research Council grant MR/N025083/1. We also wish to acknowledge the support of the NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts and Queen Mary University of London, UK. PD Lambiase acknowledges support from the UCLH Biomedicine NIHR. MO is supported by an IEF 2013 Marie Curie fellowship. JR acknowledges support from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under REA grant agreement no. 608765. YFS: The Young Finns Study has been financially supported by the Academy of Finland: grants 286284, 134309 (Eye), 126925, 121584, 124282, 129378 (Salve), 117787 (Gendi), and 41071 (Skidi); the Social Insurance Institution of Finland; Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Kuopio, Tampere and Turku University Hospitals (grant X51001); Juho Vainio Foundation; Paavo Nurmi Foundation; Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research; Finnish Cultural Foundation; Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation; Emil Aaltonen Foundation; Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation; Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation; and Diabetes Research Foundation of Finnish Diabetes Association. The expert technical assistance in the statistical analyses by Irina Lisinen is gratefully acknowledged. Cell culture and biochemistry: Funding was provided by the National Institutes of Health (Program of Excellence in Glycoscience award HL107147 to SSA and F32AR063548 to TJM) and the David and Lindsay Morgenthaler Postdoctoral Fellowship (to TJM) and by the Allen Distinguished Investigator Program, through support made by The Paul G. Allen Frontiers Group and the American Heart Association (to SSA). Mutant mouse model: Adamts6 mutant mice were generated and further propagated and analyzed by funding provided by NIH grants HL098180 and HL132024 (to CWL) and by the Allen Distinguished Investigator Program, through support made by The Paul G. Allen Frontiers Group and the American Heart Association (to SSA).

Published
2018
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42. Protein-altering variants associated with body mass index implicate pathways that control energy intake and expenditure in obesity

Author

Alison Pattie, Ailith Pirie, Francis S. Collins, Charles Kooperberg, Nienke van Leeuwen, Carmel Moore, Sharon L.R. Kardia, Neil R. Robertson, Lisa Bastarache, Allan Linneberg, Peter T. Campbell, Helena Kuivaniemi, Struan F.A. Grant, Sascha Fauser, Sekar Kathiresan, Lars Lind, Erin B. Ware, Olli T. Raitakari, Dawn M. Waterworth, James G. Wilson, Markus Perola, Chris J. Packard, Michelle L. O'Donoghue, Fredrik Karpe, Roel A. Ophoff, Sailaja Vedantam, Artitaya Lophatananon, Uwe Völker, Emmanouil Tsafantakis, Hakon Hakonarson, Dajiang J. Liu, Craig E. Pennell, Xueling Sim, Jennifer E. Huffman, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Digna R. Velez Edwards, Michiel L. Bots, Ayush Giri, Renée de Mutsert, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Nicholas J. Wareham, Jin Li, Gail P. Jarvik, Evangelos Evangelou, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen, Patricia B. Munroe, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Lia E. Bang, Ivan Brandslund, Hester M. den Ruijter, Jussi Hernesniemi, Nancy L. Heard-Costa, Angela L. Mazul, Jonathan Tyrer, Danish Saleheen, Mark J. Caulfield, John Andrew Pospisilik, Annette Peters, Caroline Hayward, Iris M. Heid, J. Wouter Jukema, Valérie Turcot, Matt Neville, Rudolf Uher, Patricia A. Peyser, Jessica D. Faul, Asif Rasheed, Shuai Wang, John C. Chambers, Jordi Corominas Galbany, Murray H. Brilliant, Yucheng Jia, Torben Hansen, Veikko Salomaa, Mary F. Feitosa, Mathias Gorski, Li-An Lin, George Dedoussis, Honghuang Lin, Ethan M. Lange, Veronique Vitart, Bratati Kahali, Alexander Teumer, Jerome I. Rotter, Wayne H-H Sheu, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Aliki-Eleni Farmaki, Lorraine Southam, Ele Ferrannini, Anette P. Gjesing, Krina T. Zondervan, Stavroula Kanoni, David J. Roberts, Rebecca S. Fine, Svati H. Shah, Tugce Karaderi, Claudia Langenberg, Stefan Johansson, Elizabeth K. Speliotes, Alexander P. Reiner, Ching-Ti Liu, Yiqin Wang, Pål R. Njølstad, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Amanda J. Cox, Tim D. Spector, Paul W. Franks, Anke Tönjes, John D. Rioux, Jeffrey Haessler, Paul L. Auer, Ingrid B. Borecki, Deborah J. Thompson, Weihua Zhang, John R. B. Perry, Paul Elliott, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Myriam Fornage, Ken Sin Lo, Marie Moitry, Paul Mitchell, Martin den Heijer, Zoltán Kutalik, Tune H. Pers, Kari Stefansson, Kari Kuulasmaa, Robert E. Schoen, Mark C.H. De Groot, Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong, Jing Hua Zhao, Beverley Balkau, Peggy L. Peissig, Michael Boehnke, Janie Corley, Katharine R. Owen, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Naveed Sattar, Sita H. Vermeulen, Thomas N. Person, Mark I. McCarthy, Paul I.W. de Bakker, David Lamparter, Poorva Mudgal, Nicholette D. Palmer, Maria Karaleftheri, Jan-Håkan Jansson, Ozren Polasek, Ruth J. F. Loos, Daniel R. Witte, Dermot F. Reilly, Anubha Mahajan, Stella Trompet, James A. Perry, Yingchang Lu, Claudia Schurmann, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Hidetoshi Kitajima, Dale R. Nyholt, John Danesh, Pamela J. Schreiner, Narisu Narisu, Jose C. Florez, Adelheid Lempradl, Gerome Breen, Torben Jørgensen, Anu Loukola, Joe Dennis, Hans-Jörgen Grabe, Vilmundur Gudnason, Timo A. Lakka, Heather M. Highland, Sven Bergmann, Marie-Pierre Dubé, Giovanni Veronesi, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Nele Friedrich, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Pia R. Kamstrup, Nilesh J. Samani, Josh C. Denny, Mika Kähönen, Massimiliano Cocca, Liang Sun, Karina Meidtner, Carsten A. Böger, Sara M. Willems, Marcelo P. Segura-Lepe, Johanna Kuusisto, Hanieh Yaghootkar, Konstantin Strauch, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Jane Gibson, Matti Uusitupa, Oscar H. Franco, Yongmei Liu, Heather M. Stringham, Rohit Varma, Grant W. Montgomery, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Stefania Cappellani, Paul L. Huang, Albert V. Smith, Eric Kim, Anke R. Hammerschlag, Katherine S. Ruth, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Gerard Pasterkamp, Cristen J. Willer, Alisa K. Manning, Frida Renström, René S. Kahn, Lili Milani, Feijie Wang, Tessel E. Galesloot, Fernando Rivadeneira, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Adam S. Butterworth, Tamara B. Harris, Matthew A. Allison, Paul M. Ridker, David J. Carey, Todd L. Edwards, Panos Deloukas, Xiuqing Guo, Lawrence F. Bielak, Leena Moilanen, Heiner Boeing, Peter Kovacs, Karen L. Mohlke, Myriam Rheinberger, Cramer Christensen, Betina H. Thuesen, Mike A. Nalls, Erik Ingelsson, Nicholas G. D. Masca, Colin N. A. Palmer, Audrey E. Hendricks, Linda Broer, Vanisha Mistry, Praveen Surendran, Audrey Y. Chu, Rainer Rauramaa, Angela D'Eustacchio, Helen Griffiths, Satu Männistö, Patrick T. Ellinor, Terho Lehtimäki, Katherine E. Tansey, I. Sadaf Farooqi, Gaëlle Marenne, Anneke I. den Hollander, Jessica van Setten, Hannu Puolijoki, Tinca J. C. Polderman, Timothy M. Frayling, Niels Grarup, Eric Boerwinkle, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Adam E. Locke, Mengmeng Du, Manuel A. Rivas, Philippe Amouyel, Jaakko Kaprio, Leslie A. Lange, Loes M. Olde Loohuis, Trevor A. Mori, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Wei Zhao, Eva Rb Petersen, Huaixing Li, Thomas W. Winkler, Tellervo Korhonen, Kathleen Stirrups, Jean Ferrières, Wei Zhou, Ian J. Deary, Guillaume Lettre, M. Arfan Ikram, Alex W. Hewitt, Marit E. Jørgensen, Ian Ford, Liang He, Mark Walker, Stefan Gustafsson, Andre Franke, Yao Hu, Jaana Lindström, Jonathan P. Bradfield, Anne E. Justice, Kristin L. Young, Sander W. van der Laan, Shuang Feng, Yadav Sapkota, Douglas F. Easton, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Amy J. Swift, Kjell Nikus, Helen R. Warren, Christian Theil Have, Wei Gan, Steven A. Lubitz, Harvey D. White, Pirjo Komulainen, John M. Starr, Jeffrey R. O'Connel, Anette Varbo, Daniel I. Chasman, Ruifang Li-Gao, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Matthias Blüher, Xiaowei Zhan, Thomas F. Vogt, Eleftheria Zeggini, Tamuno Alfred, Katja K.H. Aben, Lars Wallentin, Joanna M. M. Howson, Jie Yao, Eulalia Catamo, Henrik Vestergaard, Gina M. Peloso, Markku Laakso, Matthias B. Schulze, Hayato Tada, Jennifer Wessel, Andrew R. Wood, Erwin P. Bottinger, Cora E. Lewis, Robin Young, Carol A. Wang, Oddgeir L. Holmen, Andrew J. Slater, Jean-Claude Tardif, Xu Lin, Inês Barroso, Gail Davies, Tibor V. Varga, Andrew J. Lotery, Igor Rudan, Andrew T. Hattersley, Michael Stumvoll, David Ellinghaus, Andrew C. Heath, Frank Kee, Christopher P. Nelson, Donald W. Bowden, Alison M. Dunning, Marianne Benn, Oluf Pedersen, Amber A. Burt, Aniruddh P. Patel, G. Kees Hovingh, David S. Crosslin, Gorm B. Jensen, Keng-Hung Lin, Dewan S. Alam, Jian'an Luan, Ying Wu, Tõnu Esko, Kathleen Mullan Harris, Antonietta Robino, Anne U. Jackson, Eirini Marouli, Robert A. Scott, Jette Bork-Jensen, Olov Rolandsson, Nanette R. Lee, Gerard Tromp, Megan L. Grove, Suthesh Sivapalaratnam, Sameer E. Al-Harthi, Roberta McKean-Cowdin, Paolo Gasparini, Ellen W. Demerath, Marco Brumat, Maggie C.Y. Ng, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Kari E. North, Rajiv Chowdhury, Mauno Vanhala, Andrew P. Morris, Sarah E. Medland, Sune F. Nielsen, Ilaria Gandin, Øyvind Helgeland, James P. Cook, Kent D. Taylor, Andrew D. Morris, Gudmar Thorleifsson, André G. Uitterlinden, Pang Yao, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Eric B. Larson, Kerrin S. Small, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Dragana Vuckovic, Mariaelisa Graff, Fotios Drenos, Jaspal S. Kooner, Schurmann, Claudia [0000-0003-4158-9192], Justice, Anne E [0000-0002-8903-8712], Giri, Ayush [0000-0002-7786-4670], Locke, Adam E [0000-0001-6227-198X], Young, Kristin L [0000-0003-0070-6145], Medina-Gomez, Carolina [0000-0001-7999-5538], Winkler, Thomas W [0000-0003-0292-5421], Zeggini, Eleftheria [0000-0003-4238-659X], Zhao, Wei [0000-0002-8301-9297], Zondervan, Krina T [0000-0002-0275-9905], Pospisilik, John A [0000-0002-9745-0977], Rivadeneira, Fernando [0000-0001-9435-9441], Deloukas, Panos [0000-0001-9251-070X], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, Internal Medicine, Epidemiology, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, CHD Exome+ Consortium, EPIC-CVD Consortium, ExomeBP Consortium, Global Lipids Genetic Consortium, GoT2D Genes Consortium, EPIC InterAct Consortium, INTERVAL Study, ReproGen Consortium, T2D-Genes Consortium, MAGIC Investigators, Understanding Society Scientific Group, Biological Psychology, Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, British Heart Foundation, Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council (MRC), National Institute for Health Research, Home Office, National Institutes of Health, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding, Turcot, Valérie, Lu, Yingchang, Highland, Heather M., Schurmann, Claudia, Justice, Anne E., Fine, Rebecca S., Bradfield, Jonathan P., Esko, Tõnu, Giri, Ayush, Graff, Mariaelisa, Guo, Xiuqing, Hendricks, Audrey E., Karaderi, Tugce, Lempradl, Adelheid, Locke, Adam E., Mahajan, Anubha, Marouli, Eirini, Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh, Young, Kristin L., Alfred, Tamuno, Feitosa, Mary F., Masca, Nicholas G. D., Manning, Alisa K., Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Mudgal, Poorva, Ng, Maggie C. Y., Reiner, Alex P., Vedantam, Sailaja, Willems, Sara M., Winkler, Thomas W., Abecasis, Gonçalo, Aben, Katja K., Alam, Dewan S., Alharthi, Sameer E., Allison, Matthew, Amouyel, Philippe, Asselbergs, Folkert W., Auer, Paul L., Balkau, Beverley, Bang, Lia E., Barroso, Inê, Bastarache, Lisa, Benn, Marianne, Bergmann, Sven, Bielak, Lawrence F., Blüher, Matthia, Boehnke, Michael, Boeing, Heiner, Boerwinkle, Eric, Böger, Carsten A., Bork-Jensen, Jette, Bots, Michiel L., Bottinger, Erwin P., Bowden, Donald W., Brandslund, Ivan, Breen, Gerome, Brilliant, Murray H., Broer, Linda, Brumat, Marco, Burt, Amber A., Butterworth, Adam S., Campbell, Peter T., Cappellani, Stefania, Carey, David J., Catamo, Eulalia, Caulfield, Mark J., Chambers, John C., Chasman, Daniel I., Chen, Yii-Der I., Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Cramer, Chu, Audrey Y., Cocca, Massimiliano, Collins, Francis S., Cook, James P., Corley, Janie, Corominas Galbany, Jordi, Cox, Amanda J., Crosslin, David S., Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, D'Eustacchio, Angela, Danesh, John, Davies, Gail, Bakker, Paul I. W., Groot, Mark C. H., Mutsert, Renée, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George, Demerath, Ellen W., Heijer, Martin, Hollander, Anneke I., Ruijter, Hester M., Dennis, Joe G., Denny, Josh C., Angelantonio, Emanuele, Drenos, Fotio, Du, Mengmeng, Dubé, Marie-Pierre, Dunning, Alison M., Easton, Douglas F., Edwards, Todd L., Ellinghaus, David, Ellinor, Patrick T., Elliott, Paul, Evangelou, Evangelo, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Farooqi, I. Sadaf, Faul, Jessica D., Fauser, Sascha, Feng, Shuang, Ferrannini, Ele, Ferrieres, Jean, Florez, Jose C., Ford, Ian, Fornage, Myriam, Franco, Oscar H., Franke, Andre, Franks, Paul W., Friedrich, Nele, Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth, Galesloot, Tessel E., Gan, Wei, Gandin, Ilaria, Gasparini, Paolo, Gibson, Jane, Giedraitis, Vilmanta, Gjesing, Anette P., Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Gorski, Mathia, Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Grant, Struan F. A., Grarup, Niel, Griffiths, Helen L., Grove, Megan L., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Gustafsson, Stefan, Haessler, Jeff, Hakonarson, Hakon, Hammerschlag, Anke R., Hansen, Torben, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Harris, Tamara B., Hattersley, Andrew T., Have, Christian T., Hayward, Caroline, He, Liang, Heard-Costa, Nancy L., Heath, Andrew C., Heid, Iris M., Helgeland, Øyvind, Hernesniemi, Jussi, Hewitt, Alex W., Holmen, Oddgeir L., Hovingh, G. Kee, Howson, Joanna M. M., Hu, Yao, Huang, Paul L., Huffman, Jennifer E., Ikram, M. Arfan, Ingelsson, Erik, Jackson, Anne U., Jansson, Jan-Håkan, Jarvik, Gail P., Jensen, Gorm B., Jia, Yucheng, Johansson, Stefan, Jørgensen, Marit E., Jørgensen, Torben, Jukema, J. Wouter, Kahali, Bratati, Kahn, René S., Kähönen, Mika, Kamstrup, Pia R., Kanoni, Stavroula, Kaprio, Jaakko, Karaleftheri, Maria, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Karpe, Fredrik, Kathiresan, Sekar, Kee, Frank, Kiemeney, Lambertus A., Kim, Eric, Kitajima, Hidetoshi, Komulainen, Pirjo, Kooner, Jaspal S., Kooperberg, Charle, Korhonen, Tellervo, Kovacs, Peter, Kuivaniemi, Helena, Kutalik, Zoltán, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lakka, Timo A., Lamparter, David, Lange, Ethan M., Lange, Leslie A., Langenberg, Claudia, Larson, Eric B., Lee, Nanette R., Lehtimäki, Terho, Lewis, Cora E., Li, Huaixing, Li, Jin, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lin, Honghuang, Lin, Keng-Hung, Lin, Li-An, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lar, Lindström, Jaana, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Dajiang J., Liu, Yongmei, Lo, Ken S., Lophatananon, Artitaya, Lotery, Andrew J., Loukola, Anu, Luan, Jian'An, Lubitz, Steven A., Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Männistö, Satu, Marenne, Gaëlle, Mazul, Angela L., Mccarthy, Mark I., McKean-Cowdin, Roberta, Medland, Sarah E., Meidtner, Karina, Milani, Lili, Mistry, Vanisha, Mitchell, Paul, Mohlke, Karen L., Moilanen, Leena, Moitry, Marie, Montgomery, Grant W., Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O., Moore, Carmel, Mori, Trevor A., Morris, Andrew D., Morris, Andrew P., Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Munroe, Patricia B., Nalls, Mike A., Narisu, Narisu, Nelson, Christopher P., Neville, Matt, Nielsen, Sune F., Nikus, Kjell, Njølstad, Pål R., Nordestgaard, Børge G., Nyholt, Dale R., O'Connel, Jeffrey R., O'Donoghue, Michelle L., Olde Loohuis, Loes M., Ophoff, Roel A., Owen, Katharine R., Packard, Chris J., Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Palmer, Colin N. A., Palmer, Nicholette D., Pasterkamp, Gerard, Patel, Aniruddh P., Pattie, Alison, Pedersen, Oluf, Peissig, Peggy L., Peloso, Gina M., Pennell, Craig E., Perola, Marku, Perry, James A., Perry, John R. B., Pers, Tune H., Person, Thomas N., Peters, Annette, Petersen, Eva R. B., Peyser, Patricia A., Pirie, Ailith, Polasek, Ozren, Polderman, Tinca J., Puolijoki, Hannu, Raitakari, Olli T., Rasheed, Asif, Rauramaa, Rainer, Reilly, Dermot F., Renström, Frida, Rheinberger, Myriam, Ridker, Paul M., Rioux, John D., Rivas, Manuel A., Roberts, David J., Robertson, Neil R., Robino, Antonietta, Rolandsson, Olov, Rudan, Igor, Ruth, Katherine S., Saleheen, Danish, Salomaa, Veikko, Samani, Nilesh J., Sapkota, Yadav, Sattar, Naveed, Schoen, Robert E., Schreiner, Pamela J., Schulze, Matthias B., Scott, Robert A., Segura-Lepe, Marcelo P., Shah, Svati H., Sheu, Wayne H. -H., Sim, Xueling, Slater, Andrew J., Small, Kerrin S., Smith, Albert V., Southam, Lorraine, Spector, Timothy D., Speliotes, Elizabeth K., Starr, John M., Stefansson, Kari, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Stirrups, Kathleen E., Strauch, Konstantin, Stringham, Heather M., Stumvoll, Michael, Sun, Liang, Surendran, Praveen, Swift, Amy J., Tada, Hayato, Tansey, Katherine E., Tardif, Jean-Claude, Taylor, Kent D., Teumer, Alexander, Thompson, Deborah J., Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thuesen, Betina H., Tönjes, Anke, Tromp, Gerard, Trompet, Stella, Tsafantakis, Emmanouil, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Uher, Rudolf, Uitterlinden, André G., Uusitupa, Matti, Laan, Sander W., Duijn, Cornelia M., Leeuwen, Nienke, Van Setten, Jessica, Vanhala, Mauno, Varbo, Anette, Varga, Tibor V., Varma, Rohit, Velez Edwards, Digna R., Vermeulen, Sita H., Veronesi, Giovanni, Vestergaard, Henrik, Vitart, Veronique, Vogt, Thomas F., Völker, Uwe, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wagenknecht, Lynne E., Walker, Mark, Wallentin, Lar, Wang, Feijie, Wang, Carol A., Wang, Shuai, Wang, Yiqin, Ware, Erin B., Wareham, Nicholas J., Warren, Helen R., Waterworth, Dawn M., Wessel, Jennifer, White, Harvey D., Willer, Cristen J., Wilson, James G., Witte, Daniel R., Wood, Andrew R., Wu, Ying, Yaghootkar, Hanieh, Yao, Jie, Yao, Pang, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M., Young, Robin, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zhan, Xiaowei, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing Hua, Zhao, Wei, Zhou, Wei, Zondervan, Krina T, Rotter, Jerome I., Pospisilik, John A., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Borecki, Ingrid B., Deloukas, Pano, Frayling, Timothy M., Lettre, Guillaume, North, Kari E., Lindgren, Cecilia M., Hirschhorn, Joel N., Loos, Ruth J. F., Internal medicine, AGEM - Endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition, Amsterdam Movement Sciences - Rehabilitation & Development, Amsterdam Movement Sciences - Restoration and Development, APH - Aging & Later Life, Physiology, and VU University medical center

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, ReproGen Consortium, MathematicsofComputing_GENERAL, Genome-wide association study, medicine.disease_cause, Sensory disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 12], Body Mass Index, genetics [Obesity], 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Frequency, Glucose homeostasis, Adult, Animals, Drosophila/genetics, Energy Intake/genetics, Energy Metabolism/genetics, Female, Genetic Variation, Humans, Obesity/genetics, Proteins/genetics, Syndrome, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, Genetics & Heredity, Mutation, CHD Exome+ Consortium, body mass index, TheoryofComputation_GENERAL, T2D-Genes Consortium, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, MELANOCORTIN-4 RECEPTOR GENE, DONEPEZIL 23 MG, FRAMESHIFT MUTATION, GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS, HYPOTHALAMIC AMPK, CODING VARIANTS, BLOOD-PRESSURE, RARE, LOCI, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], Drosophila, ExomeBP Consortium, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, INTERVAL Study, Understanding Society Scientific Group, EPIC InterAct Consortium, genetics [Energy Metabolism], Biology, EPIC-CVD Consortium, Frameshift mutation, 03 medical and health sciences, MAGIC Investigators, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, Genetic, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, ddc:570, genetics [Drosophila], medicine, Journal Article, Global Lipids Genetic Consortium, Obesity, Gene, Allele frequency, Genetic association, Science & Technology, Proteins, 06 Biological Sciences, genetics [Proteins], Minor allele frequency, 030104 developmental biology, GoT2D Genes Consortium, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism, genetics [Energy Intake], 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >250 loci for body mass index (BMI), implicating pathways related to neuronal biology. Most GWAS loci represent clusters of common, noncoding variants from which pinpointing causal genes remains challenging. Here we combined data from 718,734 individuals to discover rare and low-frequency (minor allele frequency (MAF) < 5%) coding variants associated with BMI. We identified 14 coding variants in 13 genes, of which 8 variants were in genes (ZBTB7B, ACHE, RAPGEF3, RAB21, ZFHX3, ENTPD6, ZFR2 and ZNF169) newly implicated in human obesity, 2 variants were in genes (MC4R and KSR2) previously observed to be mutated in extreme obesity and 2 variants were in GIPR. The effect sizes of rare variants are ~10 times larger than those of common variants, with the largest effect observed in carriers of an MC4R mutation introducing a stop codon (p.Tyr35Ter, MAF = 0.01%), who weighed ~7 kg more than non-carriers. Pathway analyses based on the variants associated with BMI confirm enrichment of neuronal genes and provide new evidence for adipocyte and energy expenditure biology, widening the potential of genetically supported therapeutic targets in obesity.

Published
2018
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43. Genetic variation within the Y chromosome is not associated with histological characteristics of the atherosclerotic carotid artery or aneurysmal wall

Author

Maciej Tomaszewski, Jean-Paul P.M. de Vries, Gerard Pasterkamp, Gert J. de Borst, James Eales, Sander W. van der Laan, James F. Wilson, Jessica van Setten, Hester M. den Ruijter, Saskia Haitjema, Ilaria Gandin, Fadi J. Charchar, Saskia C.A. de Jager, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Haitjema, Saskia, van Setten, Jessica, Eales, Jame, van der Laan, Sander W, Gandin, Ilaria, de Vries, Jean-Paul P M, de Borst, Gert J, Pasterkamp, Gerard, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Charchar, Fadi J, Wilson, James F, de Jager, Saskia C A, Tomaszewski, Maciej, and den Ruijter, Hester M

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Carotid Artery Diseases, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_treatment, Carotid endarterectomy, Sex Factor, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Haplogroup, Coronary artery disease, Aneurysm, Haplogroups, Histology, Men, Plaque characteristics, Y chromosome, Aged, Atherosclerosis, Carotid Arteries, Endarterectomy, Carotid, Gene Frequency, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Haplotypes, Humans, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Phenotype, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Chromosomes, Human, Y, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 0302 clinical medicine, Haplotype, education.field_of_study, Single Nucleotide, Atherosclerosi, cardiovascular system, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Human, Carotid Arterie, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Endarterectomy, Biology, Chromosomes, 03 medical and health sciences, Netherland, medicine, Journal Article, cardiovascular diseases, Polymorphism, education, Carotid, Carotid Artery Disease, Risk Factor, Plaque characteristic, medicine.disease, Prospective Studie, 030104 developmental biology
Abstract

Background and aimsHaplogroup I, a common European paternal lineage of the Y chromosome, is associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease in British men. It is unclear whether this haplogroup or any other haplogroup on the Y chromosome is associated with histological characteristics of the diseased vessel wall in other vascular manifestations of cardiovascular diseases showing a male preponderance.MethodsWe examined Dutch men undergoing either carotid endarterectomy from the Athero-Express biobank (AE, n = 1217) or open aneurysm repair from the Aneurysm-Express biobank (AAA, n = 393). Upon resolving the Y chromosome phylogeny, each man was assigned to one of the paternal lineages based on combinations of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the male-specific region of the Y chromosome. We examined the associations between the Y chromosome and the histological characteristics of the carotid plaque and aneurysm wall, including lipid content, leukocyte infiltration and intraplaque haemorrhage, in all men.ResultsA majority of men were carriers of either haplogroup I (AE: 28% AAA: 24%) or haplogroup R (AE: 59% AAA: 61%). We found no association between Y chromosomal haplogroups and histological characteristics of plaque collected from carotid arteries or tissue specimens of aneurysms. Moreover, the distribution of frequency for all Y chromosomal haplogroups in both cohorts was similar to that of a general population of Dutch men.ConclusionsOur data show that genetic variation on the Y chromosome is not associated with histological characteristics of the plaques from carotid arteries or specimens of aneurysms in men of Dutch origin.

Published
2017
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44. Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations

Author

Joshi, P.K., Esko, T., Mattsson, H., Eklund, N., Gandin, I., Nutile, T., Jackson, A.U., Schurmann, C., Smith, A.V., Zhang, W., Okada, Y., Stančáková, A., Faul, J.D., Zhao, W., Bartz, T.M., Concas, M.P., Franceschini, N., Enroth, S., Vitart, V., Trompet, S., Guo, X., Chasman, D.I., O'Connel, J.R., Corre, T., Nongmaithem, S.S., Chen, Y., Mangino, M., Ruggiero, D., Traglia, M., Farmaki, A.E., Kacprowski, T., Bjonnes, A., van der Spek, A., Wu, Y., Giri, A.K., Yanek, L.R., Wang, L., Hofer, E., Rietveld, C.A., McLeod, O., Cornelis, M.C., Pattaro, C., Verweij, N., Baumbach, C., Abdellaoui, A., Warren, H.R., Vuckovic, D., Mei, H., Bouchard, C., Perry, J.R., Cappellani, S., Mirza, S.S., Benton, M.C., Broeckel, U., Medland, S.E., Lind, P.A., Malerba, G., Drong, A., Yengo, L., Bielak, L.F., Zhi, D., van der Most, P.J., Shriner, D., Mägi, R., Hemani, G., Karaderi, T., Wang, Z., Liu, T., Demuth, I., Zhao, J.H., Meng, W., Lataniotis, L., van der Laan, S.W., Bradfield, J.P., Wood, A.R., Bonnefond, A., Ahluwalia, T.S., Hall, L.M., Salvi, E., Yazar, S., Carstensen, L., de Haan, H.G., Abney, M., Afzal, U., Allison, M.A., Amin, N., Asselbergs, F.W., Bakker, S.J., Barr, R.G., Baumeister, S.E., Benjamin, D.J., Bergmann, S., Boerwinkle, E., Bottinger, E.P., Campbell, A., Chakravarti, A., Chan, Y., Chanock, S.J., Chen, C., Chen, Y.D., Collins, F.S., Connell, J., Correa, A., Cupples, L.A., Smith, G.D., Davies, G., Dörr, M., Ehret, G., Ellis, S.B., Feenstra, B., Feitosa, M.F., Ford, I., Fox, C.S., Frayling, T.M., Friedrich, N., Geller, F., Scotland, G., Gillham-Nasenya, I., Gottesman, O., Graff, M., Grodstein, F., Gu, C., Haley, C., Hammond, C.J., Harris, S.E., Harris, T.B., Hastie, N.D., Heard-Costa, N.L., Heikkilä, K., Hocking, L.J., Homuth, G., Hottenga, J.J., Huang, J., Huffman, J.E., Hysi, P.G., Ikram, M.A., Ingelsson, E., Joensuu, A., Johansson, Å., Jousilahti, P., Jukema, J.W., Kähönen, M., Kamatani, Y., Kanoni, S., Kerr, S.M., Khan, N.M., Koellinger, P., Koistinen, H.A., Kooner, M.K., Kubo, M., Kuusisto, J., Lahti, J., Launer, L.J., Lea, R.A., Lehne, B., Lehtimäki, T., Liewald, D.C., Lind, L., Loh, M., Lokki, M.L., London, S.J., Loomis, S.J., Loukola, A., Lu, Y., Lumley, T., Lundqvist, A., Männistö, S., Marques-Vidal, P., Masciullo, C., Matchan, A., Mathias, R.A., Matsuda, K., Meigs, J.B., Meisinger, C., Meitinger, T., Menni, C., Mentch, F.D., Mihailov, E., Milani, L., Montasser, M.E., Montgomery, G.W., Morrison, A., Myers, R.H., Nadukuru, R., Navarro, P., Nelis, M., Nieminen, M.S., Nolte, I.M., O'Connor, G.T., Ogunniyi, A., Padmanabhan, S., Palmas, W.R., Pankow, J.S., Patarcic, I., Pavani, F., Peyser, P.A., Pietilainen, K., Poulter, N., Prokopenko, I., Ralhan, S., Redmond, P., Rich, S.S., Rissanen, H., Robino, A., Rose, L.M., Rose, R., Sala, C., Salako, B., Salomaa, V., Sarin, A.P., Saxena, R., Schmidt, H., Scott, L.J., Scott, W.R., Sennblad, B., Seshadri, S., Sever, P., Shrestha, S., Smith, B.H., Smith, J.A., Soranzo, N., Sotoodehnia, N., Southam, L., Stanton, A.V., Stathopoulou, M.G., Strauch, K., Strawbridge, R.J., Suderman, M.J., Tandon, N., Tang, S.T., Taylor, K.D., Tayo, B.O., Töglhofer, A.M., Tomaszewski, M., T?ernikova N., Tuomilehto, J., Uitterlinden, A.G., Vaidya, D., van Hylckama Vlieg, A., van Setten, J., Vasankari, T., Vedantam, S., Vlachopoulou, E., Vozzi, D., Vuoksimaa, E., Waldenberger, M., Ware, E.B., Wentworth-Shields, W., Whitfield, J.B., Wild, S., Willemsen, G., Yajnik, C.S., Yao, J., Zaza, G., Zhu, X., BioBank Japan, Project, Salem, R.M., Melbye, M., Bisgaard, H., Samani, N.J., Cusi, D., Mackey, D.A., Cooper, R.S., Froguel, P., Pasterkamp, G., Grant, S.F., Hakonarson, H., Ferrucci, L., Scott, R.A., Morris, A.D., Palmer, C.N., Dedoussis, G., Deloukas, P., Bertram, L., Lindenberger, U., Berndt, S.I., Lindgren, C.M., Timpson, N.J., Tönjes, A., Munroe, P.B., Sørensen, T.I., Rotimi, C.N., Arnett, D.K., Oldehinkel, A.J., Kardia, S.L., Balkau, B., Gambaro, G., Morris, A.P., Eriksson, J.G., Wright, M.J., Martin, N.G., 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Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC other, Medical Informatics, Epidemiology, Pathology, Public Health, Ophthalmology, Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Biological Psychology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam - Neurobiology of Mental Health, Joshi, Peter K, Esko, Tonu, Mattsson, Hannele, Eklund, Niina, Gandin, Ilaria, Nutile, Teresa, Jackson, Anne U., Schurmann, Claudia, Smith, Albert V., Zhang, Weihua, Okada, Yukinori, Stančáková, Alena, Faul, Jessica D., Zhao, Wei, Bartz, Traci M., Concas, MARIA PINA, Franceschini, Nora, Enroth, Stefan, Vitart, Veronique, Trompet, Stella, Guo, Xiuqing, Chasman, Daniel I., O'Connel, Jeffrey R., Corre, Tanguy, Nongmaithem, Suraj S., Chen, Yuning, Mangino, Massimo, Ruggiero, Daniela, Traglia, Michela, Farmaki, Aliki Eleni, Kacprowski, Tim, Bjonnes, Andrew, Van Der Spek, Ashley, Wu, Ying, Giri, Anil K., Yanek, Lisa R., Wang, Lihua, Hofer, Edith, Rietveld, Cornelius A., Mcleod, Olga, Cornelis, Marilyn C., Pattaro, 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F., Wright, Alan F., Chandak, Giriraj R., Vollenweider, Peter, Shuldiner, Alan R., Ridker, Paul M., Rotter, Jerome I., Sattar, Naveed, Gyllensten, Ulf, North, Kari E., Pirastu, Mario, Psaty, Bruce M., Weir, David R., Laakso, Markku, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Takahashi, Atsushi, Chambers, John C., Kooner, Jaspal S., Strachan, David P., Campbell, Harry, Hirschhorn, Joel N., Perola, Marku, Polašek, Ozren, Wilson, James F., Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding, National Institute for Health Research, BioBank Japan, Project, The BioBank Japan Project, Ehret, Georg Benedikt, Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), and Cardiovascular Centre (CVC)

Subjects
Male, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Blood Pressure, BLOOD-PRESSURE, INTELLIGENCE, Runs of Homozygosity, DISEASE, Homozygosity, Cohort Studies, Cognition, Forced Expiratory Volume, GENETIC-VARIANTS, Inbreeding depression, Settore MED/14 - NEFROLOGIA, Inbreeding, Inbreeding, Evolutionary genetics, Quantitative trait loci, Non-U.S. Gov't, Dominance (genetics), ddc:616, Genetics, ARCHITECTURE, Genome, Multidisciplinary, Body Height/genetics, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Homozygote, Confounding, heterozygosity, inbreeding, genomics, QUANTITATIVE TRAITS, BioBank Japan Project, Biological Evolution, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Cholesterol, Phenotype, Cholesterol, LDL/genetics, Trait, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Educational Status, Female, Lung Volume Measurements, Human, INBREEDING DEPRESSION, Quantitative trait loci, Blood Pressure/genetics, General Science & Technology, Forced Expiratory Volume/genetics, Lung Volume Measurement, Quantitative trait locus, Biology, Research Support, Evolutionary genetics, Article, LDL, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, MD Multidisciplinary, Journal Article, Humans, Genetic association, Science & Technology, Genome, Human, ta1184, PATHWAYS, Cholesterol, LDL, Body Height, Educational Statu, ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS, Evolutionary biology, Genome, Human/genetics, ta1181, Cohort Studie, Meta-Analysis
Abstract

Homozygosity has long been associated with rare, often devastating, Mendelian disorders, and Darwin was one of the first to recognize that inbreeding reduces evolutionary fitness. However, the effect of the more distant parental relatedness that is common in modern human populations is less well understood. Genomic data now allow us to investigate the effects of homozygosity on traits of public health importance by observing contiguous homozygous segments (runs of homozygosity), which are inferred to be homozygous along their complete length. Given the low levels of genome-wide homozygosity prevalent in most human populations, information is required on very large numbers of people to provide sufficient power. Here we use runs of homozygosity to study 16 health-related quantitative traits in 354,224 individuals from 102 cohorts, and find statistically significant associations between summed runs of homozygosity and four complex traits: height, forced expiratory lung volume in one second, general cognitive ability and educational attainment (P < 1 × 10-300, 2.1 × 10-6, 2.5 × 10-10 and 1.8 × 10-10, respectively). In each case, increased homozygosity was associated with decreased trait value, equivalent to the offspring of first cousins being 1.2 cm shorter and having 10 months' less education. Similar effect sizes were found across four continental groups and populations with different degrees of genome-wide homozygosity, providing evidence that homozygosity, rather than confounding, directly contributes to phenotypic variance. Contrary to earlier reports in substantially smaller samples, no evidence was seen of an influence of genome-wide homozygosity on blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, or ten other cardio-metabolic traits. Since directional dominance is predicted for traits under directional evolutionary selection, this study provides evidence that increased stature and cognitive function have been positively selected in human evolution, whereas many important risk factors for late-onset complex diseases may not have been.

Published
2015
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