Search

Your search keyword '"Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN )"' showing total 42 results
Start Over Author "Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN )" Topic humans
42 results on '"Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN )"'

1. Taxonomy-based content analysis of sedentary behavior questionnaires: A systematic review

Author

Anne Vuillemin, Fabien Rivière, Salomé Aubert, Barbara E. Ainsworth, Abdou Y. Omorou, Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université de Lorraine (UL), Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Centre d'investigation clinique - Epidémiologie clinique [Nancy] (CIC-EC), Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation. Approches épidémiologiques et psychologiques. ( APEMAC - EA 4360 ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), CIC 1433 Epidémiologie clinique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Arizona State University [Tempe] ( ASU ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)

Subjects
Questionnaires, Psychometrics, Physiology, Health Behavior, Social Sciences, lcsh:Medicine, Adolescents, Eating, Families, Elderly, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychology, Public and Occupational Health, 030212 general & internal medicine, 10. No inequality, lcsh:Science, Children, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Data Management, Multidisciplinary, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Sedentary behavior, Research Design, Health behavior, Behavioral and Social Aspects of Health, Research Article, Clinical psychology, Computer and Information Sciences, Research and Analysis Methods, Sitting, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, Adults, Self report, Taxonomy, Sedentary lifestyle, Survey Research, lcsh:R, Biology and Life Sciences, Social environment, 030229 sport sciences, Age Groups, Content analysis, People and Places, Population Groupings, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, lcsh:Q, Self Report, Sedentary Behavior, Physiological Processes
Abstract

Background Health effects of sedentary behaviors (SB) may vary depending on their characteristics such as type, purpose, duration, and intensity of the behavior. While a growing number of questionnaires assess sedentary behaviors, it is unclear which characteristics of SB are measured. The aim of this review was to examine the content of self-report SB questionnaires. Methods Three databases were searched for sedentary behavior questionnaires published before January 1st, 2016. Based on the inclusion criteria, 82 articles out of 1369 were retrieved for a total of 60 questionnaires. For each questionnaire, the sedentary behavior characteristics identified were reported and analyzed. Results Most of the questionnaires assessed the time (n = 60), posture (n = 54), purpose (n = 46) and the types (n = 45) of SB performed. Fewer questionnaires assessed the environment (n = 20) social context (n = 11), status (n = 2), and associated behaviors (n = 2) related to sedentary behaviors. All the questionnaires except two assessed time spent in SB with 17 assessing frequency and 6 assessing breaks in SB. The most frequent characteristics identified in the questionnaires were the categories of sitting (90%), a day (95%), watching television (65%) and using a computer (55%). Many characteristics of SB were not measured. Conclusions By knowing the breadth of SB included in questionnaires, this review provides support to shape the design of new questionnaires designed to reduce the gaps in measuring sedentary behaviors.

Published
2018

2. Effects of Postexercise Protein Intake on Muscle Mass and Strength During Resistance Training: Is There an Optimal Ratio Between Fast and Slow Proteins?

Author

Julien Louis, Nathalie Neveux, Marina Fabre, Alexandre Durguerian, Christophe Hausswirth, Odeline Molle, Xavier Bigard, Eve Tiollier, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Laboratoire de Nutrition, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Agence Française de Lutte contre le Dopage (AFLD), Agence française de lutte contre le dopage, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) ( SEP (EA7370) ), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives ( CIAMS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Agence Française de Lutte contre le Dopage ( AFLD ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Isometric and dynamic muscle strength, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Medicine (miscellaneous), Muscle Proteins, Isometric exercise, [ SHS.SPORT ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, RC1200, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Double-Blind Method, Leucine, Casein, Internal medicine, Blood plasma, Lean Body Mass, medicine, Ingestion, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle Strength, Muscle, Skeletal, chemistry.chemical_classification, [SHS.SPORT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, Chemistry, Milk soluble protein and Casein, [ SHS.SPORT.PS ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Caseins, Resistance Training, General Medicine, Milk Proteins, Amino acid, Bioavailability, Endocrinology, Lean body mass, Body Composition, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

While effects of the two classes of proteins found in milk (i.e., soluble proteins, including whey, and casein) on muscle protein synthesis have been well investigated after a single bout of resistance exercise (RE), the combined effects of these two proteins on the muscle responses to resistance training (RT) have not yet been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of protein supplementation varying by the ratio between milk soluble proteins (fast-digested protein) and casein (slow-digested protein) on the muscle to a 9-week RT program. In a double-blind protocol, 31 resistance-trained men, were assigned to 3 groups receiving a drink containing 20g of protein comprising either 100% of fast protein (FP(100), n = 10), 50% of fast and 50% of slow proteins (FP(50), n = 11) or 20% of fast protein and 80% of casein (FP(20), n = 10) at the end of training bouts. Body composition (DXA), and maximal strength in dynamic and isometric were analyzed before and after RT. Moreover, blood plasma aminoacidemia kinetic after RE was measured. The results showed a higher leucine bioavailability after ingestion of FP(100) and FP(50) drinks, when compared with FP(20) (p< .05). However, the RT-induced changes in lean body mass (p < .01), dynamic (p < .01), and isometric muscle strength (p < .05) increased similarly in all experimental groups. To conclude, compared with the FP(20) group, the higher rise in plasma amino acids following the ingestion of FP(100) and FP(50) did not lead to higher muscle long-term adaptations.

Published
2017

3. Maraviroc/raltegravir simplification strategy following 6 months of quadruple therapy with tenofovir/emtricitabine/maraviroc/raltegravir in treatment-naive HIV patients

Author

Pierre, Pradat, Jacques, Durant, Corinne, Brochier, Mary-Anne, Trabaud, Jacqueline, Cottalorda-Dufayard, Jacques, Izopet, François, Raffi, Frédéric, Lucht, Marie-Claude, Gagnieu, Caroline, Gatey, Christine, Jacomet, Matteo, Vassallo, Pierre, Dellamonica, Laurent, Cotte, M A, Trabaud, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire de Virologie [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Nantes], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes (GIMAP), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales [Saint-Louis], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), CHU Gabriel Montpied (CHU), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon ( CRCL ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes ( GIMAP ), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], CHU Gabriel Montpied ( CHU ), and CHU Nice

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, HIV Infections, [ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Raltegravir Potassium, Maraviroc, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Maintenance therapy, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Clinical endpoint, Medicine, Emtricitabine, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, virus diseases, Middle Aged, Viral Load, 3. Good health, virology, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Viruses, Female, France, Viral load, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Patients, Anti-HIV Agents, 030106 microbiology, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Tropism, Maintenance Chemotherapy, methods, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Cyclohexanes, Internal medicine, Humans, Adverse effect, Tenofovir, therapy, business.industry, Hiv, Triazoles, Raltegravir, chemistry, Mutation, HIV-1, pharmacology, business
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVE: We assessed the virological efficacy of a 6 month maraviroc/raltegravir simplification strategy following 6 months of quadruple therapy combining tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine with maraviroc/raltegravir. METHODS: HIV-1-infected naive patients were enrolled in an open label, single-arm, Phase 2 trial. All patients received maraviroc 300 mg twice daily, raltegravir 400 mg twice daily and tenofovir/emtricitabine for 24 weeks. Patients with stable HIV-RNA \\textless50 copies/mL stopped tenofovir/emtricitabine at week (W) 24 and pursued maraviroc/raltegravir until W48. The primary endpoint was the virological response defined by HIV-RNA \\textless50 copies/mL at W48. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients were analysed. Patients were mostly male (94%), Caucasians (91%), MSM (82%); their median age was 42 years. At baseline, median CD4 cell count was 453 cells/mm3 and HIV-RNA was 4.3 log copies/mL. All patients had CCR5-tropic viruses by genotropism and phenotropism assays. All but one patient had an HIV-RNA \\textless 50 copies/mL at W24 and entered the simplification phase. Virological success was maintained at W48 in 88% (90% CI 79%-97%) of patients. N155H mutation was detected at failure in one patient. No tropism switch was observed. Raltegravir and maraviroc plasma exposure were satisfactory in 92% and 79% of 41 samples from 21 patients. Five severe adverse events (SAEs) were observed up to W48; none was related to the study drugs. Four patients presented grade 3 AEs; none was related to the study. No grade 4 AE was observed. No patient died. CONCLUSIONS: Maraviroc/raltegravir maintenance therapy following a 6 month induction phase with maraviroc/raltegravir/tenofovir/emtricitabine was well tolerated and maintained virological efficacy in these carefully selected patients

Published
2016

4. Femoro-tibial knee osteoarthritis: One or two X-rays? Results from a population-based study

Author

C. Roux, Joël Coste, Patrice Fardellone, Liana Euller-Ziegler, Jacques Pouchot, Francis Guillemin, Anne-Christine Rat, Evelyne Verrouil, Bernard Mazières, Bruno Fautrel, Alain Saraux, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Service de rhumatologie et réadaptation fonctionelle, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation. Approches épidémiologiques et psychologiques. ( APEMAC - EA 4360 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Service de Rhumatologie - AMIENS ( AMIENS - Rhumato ), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Service de Rhumatologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Département de médecine interne - hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, Service de Rhumatologie [CHU de la Cavale-Blanche], Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche - CHRU Brest ( CHU - BREST ), Immunologie et Pathologie ( EA 2216 ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Unité d’Epidémiologie et de Biostatistiques [APHP Cochin-Broca-Hôtel Dieu], AP-HP - Hôpital Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu [Paris], Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Service de Rhumatologie - AMIENS (AMIENS - Rhumato), Service de rhumatologie [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (GRC-08 EEMOIS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche - CHRU Brest (CHU - BREST ), Immunologie et Pathologie (EA 2216), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]

Subjects
Male, Knee Joint, MESH : Aged, Osteoarthritis, Osteoarthritis, Hip, MESH : Radiography, 0302 clinical medicine, Diagnosis, MESH: Osteoarthritis, Knee, Medicine, MESH : Female, 030212 general & internal medicine, Femur, MESH: Radiography, Orthodontics, MESH: Aged, MESH: Knee Joint, MESH: Middle Aged, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Knee, MESH : Adult, musculoskeletal system, X-rays results, MESH: Femur, MESH : Knee Joint, Semi-flexed X-ray, Female, Knee osteoarthritis, MESH : Osteoarthritis, Hip, Adult, musculoskeletal diseases, MESH : Male, MESH: Tibia, 03 medical and health sciences, Rheumatology, MESH : Femur, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, Tibia, MESH : Tibia, MESH : Osteoarthritis, Knee, Aged, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Gold standard, MESH : Humans, MESH: Adult, Prevalence survey, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Population based study, Radiography, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Osteoarthritis, Hip, business, MESH: Female
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to compare the use of both anteroposterior (AP) extended-knee X-ray and semi-flexed X-ray (current gold standard) versus the use of semi-flexed X-ray alone to detect femoro-tibial osteoarthritis (OA).METHODS:Individuals 40 to 75 years of age with symptomatic hip and/or knee OA (Kellgren/Lawrence [KL] score≥2) were recruited using a multiregional prevalence survey in France. Both AP and schuss X-rays were performed and read; two years later, the same examiner, blinded to the results of the first reading, performed a second reading of the schuss X-ray. We compared the KL stages of each knee and analyzed osteophyte detection and localization, joint space narrowing (JSN), and the relationship to obesity.RESULTS:The analysis included 350 participants with OA of various stages. Comparing the two readings showed that a higher proportion of patients had KL≥2 when the two X-ray views were combined (right knee: P

Published
2016

5. Sprint Mechanics in World-Class Athletes: A New Insight into the Limits of Human Locomotion

Author

Rabita, Giuseppe, DOREL, Sylvain, Slawinski, Jean, Saez de Villareal, Eduardo, Couturier, Antoine, Samozino, Pierre, MORIN, Jean-Benoît, Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Performance, Acceleration, elite sprinters, Force orientation, Video Recording, Athletic Performance, Analyse du Mouvement en Biomécanique Physiologie et Imagerie, Biomechanical Phenomena, Running, Kinetics, Young Adult, power output, Exercise Test, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [ PHYS.MECA.BIOM ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]
Abstract

Epub 2015 Jan 31; The objective of this study was to characterize the mechanics of maximal running sprint acceleration in high-level athletes. Four elite (100-m best time 9.95-10.29 s) and five sub-elite (10.40-10.60 s) sprinters performed seven sprints in overground conditions. A single virtual 40-m sprint was reconstructed and kinetics parameters were calculated for each step using a force platform system and video analyses. Anteroposterior force (FY), power (PY), and the ratio of the horizontal force component to the resultant (total) force (RF, which reflects the orientation of the resultant ground reaction force for each support phase) were computed as a function of velocity (V). FY-V, RF-V, and PY-V relationships were well described by significant linear (mean R(2) of 0.892 ± 0.049 and 0.950 ± 0.023) and quadratic (mean R(2) = 0.732 ± 0.114) models, respectively. The current study allows a better understanding of the mechanics of the sprint acceleration notably by modeling the relationships between the forward velocity and the main mechanical key variables of the sprint. As these findings partly concern world-class sprinters tested in overground conditions, they give new insights into some aspects of the biomechanical limits of human locomotion.

Published
2015

6. Acceleration Capability in Elite Sprinters and Ground Impulse : Push More, Brake Less?

Author

Antoine Couturier, Eduardo Saez de Villareal, Giuseppe Rabita, Sylvain Dorel, Jean-Benoit Morin, Pierre Samozino, Jean Slawinski, Matt Brughelli, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Auckland University of Technology ( AUT ), and Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP )

Subjects
Male, Ground reaction force, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Acceleration, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Impulse (physics), Athletic Performance, Analyse du Mouvement en Biomécanique Physiologie et Imagerie, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Linear regression, Brake, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Force platform, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Simulation, [ PHYS.MECA.BIOM ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Mathematics, Mechanical Phenomena, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Rehabilitation, 030229 sport sciences, Mechanics, Biomechanical Phenomena, Sprint, Sprint start, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Epub 2015 Jul 17; Overground sprint studies have shown the importance of net horizontal ground reaction force impulse (IMPH) for acceleration performance, but only investigated one or two steps over the acceleration phase, and not in elite sprinters. The main aim of this study was to distinguish between propulsive (IMPH+) and braking (IMPH−) components of the IMPH and seek whether, for an expected higher IMPH, faster elite sprinters produce greater IMPH+, smaller IMPH−, or both.Nine high-level sprinters (100-m best times range: 9.95–10.60 s) performed 7 sprints (2×10 m, 2×15 m, 20 m, 30 m and 40 m) during which ground reaction force was measured by a 6.60 m force platform system. By placing the starting-blocks further from the force plates at each trial, and pooling the data, we could assess the mechanics of an entire “virtual” 40-m acceleration.IMPH and IMPH+ were significantly correlated with 40-m mean speed (r=0.868 and 0.802, respectively; P

Published
2015

7. Development and validation of the Cancer Exercise Stereotypes Scale

Author

Fabienne d'Arripe-Longueville, Alessandro Bergamaschi, Charlène Falzon, Karine Corrion, Catherine M. Sabiston, Aïna Chalabaev, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Unite de recherche migrations et sociétés (URMIS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR205, Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), McGill University, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR205-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR205-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Factor Analysis Statistical, Psychometrics, Applied psychology, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, Developmental psychology, law.invention, scale, [ SDV.NEU.SC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Neoplasms, Surveys and Questionnaires, cancer, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Exercise, Applied Psychology, Qualitative Research, Language, validation, Stereotyping, Discriminant validity, Construct validity, Reproducibility of Results, Emotion Cognition et Comportement, Test (assessment), Psychiatry and Mental health, Oncology, Convergent validity, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Scale (social sciences), [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, CLARITY, Stereotypes, Psychology, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Qualitative research
Abstract

International audience; The objective of this study was to develop and validate a French-language questionnaire measuring stereotypes related to exercise in cancer patients: The Cancer Exercise Stereotypes Scale (CESS). Four successive steps were carried out with 806 participants. First, a preliminary version was developed on the basis of the relevant literature and qualitative interviews. A test of clarity then led to the reformulation of six of the 30 items. Second, based on the modification indices of the first confirmatory factorial analysis, 11 of the 30 initial items were deleted. A new factorial structure analysis showed a good fit and validated a 19-item instrument with five subscales. Third, the stability of the instrument was tested over time. Last, tests of construct validity were conducted to examine convergent validity and discriminant validity. The French-language CESS appears to have good psychometric qualities and can be used to test theoretical tenets and inform intervention strategies on ways to foster exercise in cancer patients.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Military Diving Training Improved Arterial Compliance

Author

Yoann Gole, Pierre Fontanari, Laurent Mourot, Jacques Regnard, Pierre Louge, Alain Boussuges, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Institut de Médecine Navale du Service de Santé des Armées ( IMNSSA ), Service de Santé des Armées, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales ( UMR AGAP ), Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( PCVP / CARDIO ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon ( CICB ), Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Institut de Médecine Navale du Service de Santé des Armées (IMNSSA), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières [AGAP] (AFEF), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( EA 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])

Subjects
Male, Brachial Artery, MESH: Cold Temperature, Diving, Blood Pressure, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, MESH: Stroke Volume, 0302 clinical medicine, Heart Rate, MESH : Stroke Volume, Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, MESH: Oxygen Consumption, Brachial artery, MESH: Heart Rate, MESH : Oxygen Consumption, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ultrasonography, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], MESH: Diving, Cold pressor test, MESH : Brachial Artery, cold pressor test, Stroke volume, MESH: Blood Pressure, MESH : Adult, Pulse pressure, Scuba diving, MESH: Pulse, Cold Temperature, Military Personnel, MESH: Young Adult, Cardiology, MESH: Vasoconstriction, MESH : Vasoconstriction, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Male, Diastole, MESH : Young Adult, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Oxygen Consumption, Internal medicine, medicine.artery, MESH : Pulse, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Heart rate, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], MESH : Blood Pressure, Humans, MESH : Diving, MESH: Brachial Artery, Pulse, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH : Heart Rate, MESH : Humans, autonomic nervous system, echography, Stroke Volume, MESH: Adult, cold, MESH: Male, Surgery, MESH : Cold Temperature, Blood pressure, MESH: Military Personnel, Vasoconstriction, cardiovascular system, MESH : Military Personnel, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; This study was aimed at investigating whether repeated SCUBA diving might induce long term cardiovascular and autonomic modifications. In 11 military mine clearance diving students, arterial compliance (ultrasound scan study of brachial artery and ratio of stroke volume to pulse pressure: SV/PP), resting spectral analyses of heart rate and blood pressure variability, and a cold pressor test were performed before and after a 15-week military diving training course. After the diving training, arterial compliance was improved, as indicated by the significant increase in brachial arterial compliance (from 24+/-10 to 37+/-14 ml.mmHg (-1)) and SV/PP (from 1.7+/-0.2 to 1.9+/-0.2 ml.mmHg (-1)), and by the significant decrease in systolic, diastolic and pulse pressures (from 130+/-8 to 120+/-7; from 71+/-4 to 67+/-4; and from 58+/-8 to 53+/-5 mmHg, respectively). The peak oxygen uptake increased significantly from 54.3+/-2.0 to 56.8+/-4.0 mL.kg (-1).min (-1). Finally, the vasoconstrictive response during the cold pressor test increased (p

Published
2009

9. Genome sequencing in cytogenetics: Comparison of short‐read and linked‐read approaches for germline structural variant detection and characterization

Author

Uguen, Kévin, Jubin, Claire, Duffourd, Yannis, Bardel, Claire, Malan, Valérie, Dupont, Jean‐Michel, El Khattabi, Laila, Chatron, Nicolas, Vitobello, Antonio, Rollat‐Farnier, Pierre‐Antoine, Baulard, Céline, Lelorch, Marc, Leduc, Aurelie, Tisserant, Emilie, Tran Mau‐Them, Frédéric, Danjean, Vincent, Délépine, Marc, Till, Marianne, Meyer, Vincent, LYONNET, Stanislas, Mosca‐Boidron, Anne‐laure, Thevenon, Julien, Faivre, Laurence, Thauvin‐Robinet, Christel, Schluth‐Bolard, Caroline, Boland, Anne, Olaso, Robert, Callier, Patrick, Romana, Serge, Deleuze, Jean‐François, Sanlaville, Damien, Génétique, génomique fonctionnelle et biotechnologies (UMR 1078) (GGB), EFS-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Centre Albert Trillat [Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse - HCL], Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire Histologie Embryologie Cytogénétique [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Génotypage (CNG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Performance analysis and optimization of LARge Infrastructures and Systems (POLARIS), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Service de génétique [Hôpial Louis Pradel - HCL], Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Pôle Couple-Enfant, Département de Génétique et Procréation, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Eco-Anthropologie et Ethnobiologie (EAE), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mathématique, Informatique et Génome (MIG), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU de Lyon-Centre Neuroscience et Recherche, Laboratoire Information, Milieux, Médias, Médiations - EA 3820 (I3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Service d'Histologie-Embryologie et Cytogénétique Assistance Publique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)

Subjects
Whole Genome Sequencing, lcsh:QH426-470, Method, structural variants, Chromosome Disorders, bioinformatics, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], genome sequencing, Cytogenetics, lcsh:Genetics, 10X Genomics: Illumina, Intellectual Disability, Genomic Structural Variation, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Genetic Testing, Germ-Line Mutation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Background Structural variants (SVs) include copy number variants (CNVs) and apparently balanced chromosomal rearrangements (ABCRs). Genome sequencing (GS) enables SV detection at base‐pair resolution, but the use of short‐read sequencing is limited by repetitive sequences, and long‐read approaches are not yet validated for diagnosis. Recently, 10X Genomics proposed Chromium, a technology providing linked‐reads to reconstruct long DNA fragments and which could represent a good alternative. No study has compared short‐read to linked‐read technologies to detect SVs in a constitutional diagnostic setting yet. The aim of this work was to determine whether the 10X Genomics technology enables better detection and comprehension of SVs than short‐read WGS. Methods We included 13 patients carrying various SVs. Whole genome analyses were performed using paired‐end HiSeq X sequencing with (linked‐read strategy) or without (short‐read strategy) Chromium library preparation. Two different bioinformatic pipelines were used: Variants are called using BreakDancer for short‐read strategy and LongRanger for long‐read strategy. Variant interpretations were first blinded. Results The short‐read strategy allowed diagnosis of known SV in 10/13 patients. After unblinding, the linked‐read strategy identified 10/13 SVs, including one (patient 7) missed by the short‐read strategy. Conclusion In conclusion, regarding the results of this study, 10X Genomics solution did not improve the detection and characterization of SV., We compared linked‐read and short‐read sequencing in patients with structural variants. We conclude that linked‐read strategy did not improve the detection and characterization of structural variants.

Published
2020

10. Effects of Combined Vigorous Interval Training Program and Diet on Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Physical Self-Perceptions Among Obese Adolescent Boys and Girls

Author

Christophe Maïano, Olivier Rey, Jean-Marc Vallier, Charles-Symphorien Mercier, Caroline Nicol, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey ( ISM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Université du Québec en Outaouais ( UQO ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Calorie, Adolescent, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, physical self-perceptions, pediatric obesity, Physical fitness, [ SDV.MHEP.PED ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, High-Intensity Interval Training, Body fat percentage, Interval training, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Weight loss, Heart rate, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, vigorous exercise, 030212 general & internal medicine, interval training, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], business.industry, Pediatric rehabilitation, 030229 sport sciences, Self Concept, Diet, Exercise Therapy, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Body Composition, physical fitness, Physical therapy, Female, medicine.symptom, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, High-intensity interval training
Abstract

Purpose:This study examined the effects of a five-week intervention combining vigorous interval training (VIT) with diet among twenty-four obese adolescents. Fourteen girls and ten boys (aged 14–15) schooled in a pediatric rehabilitation center participated. Methods:The VIT intensity was targeted and remained above 80% of maximal heart rate (HR) and over six kilocalories per minute. Pre- and postintervention measures were body composition (BMI, weight, body fat percentage), physical self-perceptions (PSP), physical fitness (6-min walking distance and work) and its associated physiological responses (HRpeak and blood lactate concentration). A series of two-way analyses of variance or covariance controlling for weight loss were used to examine the changes. Results:Significant improvements were found in body composition, physical fitness and PSP (endurance, activity level, sport competence, global physical self-concept and appearance). In addition, boys presented higher levels of perceived strength and global physical self-concept than girls. Finally, there was a significant increase in perceived endurance, sport competence, and global physical self-concept in girls only. Conclusion:This five-week VIT program combined with diet represents an effective means for improving body composition, physical fitness, and PSP in obese adolescents, the effects on PSP being larger among girls.

Published
2017

11. Physical activity promotion in primary care: A Utopian quest?

Author

Anne Vuillemin, Daniel Theisen, Saverio Stranges, Alexis Lion, Malcolm Ward, Jane S Thornton, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)

Subjects
Counseling, Health (social science), Debate, Cost-Benefit Analysis, media_common.quotation_subject, Psychological intervention, Motivational interviewing, physical activity, Health Promotion, Motivational Interviewing, 03 medical and health sciences, Social support, primary care, 0302 clinical medicine, Promotion (rank), Nursing, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Exercise, Referral and Consultation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, 030505 public health, Primary Health Care, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Social Support, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, non-communicable diseases, 3. Good health, Negotiation, evidence-based health promotion, Action (philosophy), Accountability, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Brief intervention, 0305 other medical science, Psychology
Abstract

The health benefits of physical activity (PA) are acknowledged and promoted by the scientific community, especially within primary care. However, there is little evidence that such promotion is provided in any consistent or comprehensive format. Brief interventions (i.e. discussion, negotiation or encouragement) and exercise referral schemes (i.e. patients being formally referred to a PA professional) are the two dominant approaches within primary care. These cost-effective interventions can generate positive changes in health outcomes and PA levels in inactive patients who are at increased risk for non-communicable diseases. Their success relies on the acceptability and efficiency of primary care professionals to deliver PA counselling. To this end, appropriate training and financial support are crucial. Similarly, human resourcing and synergy between the different stakeholders must be addressed. To obtain maximum adherence, specific populations should be targeted and interventions adapted to their needs. Key enablers include motivational interviewing, social support and multi-disciplinary approaches. Leadership and lines of accountability must be clearly delineated to ensure the success of the initiatives promoting PA in primary care. The synergic and multisectoral action of several stakeholders, especially healthcare professionals, will help overcome physical inactivity in a sustainable way.

Published
2019

12. Perceived barriers to and facilitators of physical activity in people living with HIV: A qualitative study in a French sample

Author

Valentine Filleul, Fabienne d'Arripe-Longueville, Alessandro Bergamaschi, Laura Schuft, Serge S. Colson, Laura Gray, Unite de recherche migrations et sociétés (URMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR205-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR205-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)

Subjects
Gerontology, Male, Health Behavior, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Physical activity, Sample (statistics), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, Social support, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Exercise, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Qualitative Research, Self-efficacy, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, Health Policy, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Female, Psychology, [SHS.GENRE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Gender studies, Qualitative research
Abstract

Objectives The benefits of physical activity in people living with HIV (PLHIV) are numerous and are largely reported in the literature. Understanding why PLHIV engage or not in physical activity is key to better accompanying health behaviors. Through a qualitative approach, our study sought to identify barriers to and facilitators of physical activity participation in PLHIV. Methods PLHIV were recruited by purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were carried-out in Center and Southern France. The data were analyzed following the principals of thematic analysis. Physical activity level was assessed through questions related to physical activity recommendations and a physical activity questionnaire. Results Fifteen semi-structured interviews (seven men and eight women; Mage = 46.6; SD = 10.3) were analyzed. Only a third of our sample was considered physically active with almost half being considered inactive according to recommendations. A multidimensional perspective of physical activity barriers and facilitators emerged. Barriers to and facilitators of physical activity were related to the physical, psychological and socio-environmental domains. Discussion Our research sought to better understand the beliefs and attitudes of PLHIV towards physical activity. Physical activity was overall viewed as beneficial by both active and less active PLHIV; however, PLHIV remain insufficiently active. This is discussed through our multidimensional approach of the barriers to and facilitators of physical activity.

Published
2019

13. Probing the cellular size distribution in cell samples undergoing cell death

Author

Emilie Franceschini, Sandrine Roffino, Laure Balasse, Benjamin Guillet, Ondes et Imagerie (O&I), Laboratoire de Mécanique et d'Acoustique [Marseille] (LMA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM), Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Multimodal Et Pluridisciplinaire en imagerie du vivant (CERMEP - imagerie du vivant), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Vascular research center of Marseille (VRCM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration et de Recherche Médicales par Émission de Positons (CERMEP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Franceschini, Emilie, and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
Cell death, Materials science, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Dispersity, Biophysics, Cell Culture Techniques, Apoptosis, Adenocarcinoma, In Vitro Techniques, 01 natural sciences, Standard deviation, Flow cytometry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 010301 acoustics, 030304 developmental biology, Ultrasonography, [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.ACOU] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], 0303 health sciences, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Estimation theory, Scattering, Phantoms, Imaging, Scatterer size distribution, Ultrasound, Structure factor model, Flow Cytometry, Polydispersity, [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Volume fraction, Colonic Neoplasms, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, business, Structure factor, Quantitative ultrasound, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

International audience; A polydisperse scattering model adapted for concentrated medium, namely the polydisperse structure factor model, was examined in order to explain the backscatter coefficients (BSCs) measured from packed cell samples undergoing cell death. Cell samples were scanned using high-frequency ultrasound in the 10-42 MHz bandwidth. A parameter estimation procedure was proposed in order to estimate the volume fraction and the relative impedance contrast that could explain the changes in BSC pattern by considering the actual change in cellular size distribution. Quantitative ultrasound parameters were estimated and related to the percentage of dead cells determined by flow cytometry. The standard deviation of scatterer size distribution extracted from the polydisperse structure factor model and the spectral intercept were found to be strongly correlated to the percentage of dead cells (r^2 =0.79 and r^2 =0.72, respectively). The current study contributes to the understanding of ultrasonic scatteringfrom cells undergoing cell death toward the monitoring of cancer therapy.

Published
2019

14. Relationship Between Lower Limb Muscle Activity and Platform Acceleration During Whole-Body Vibration Exercise

Author

Benno M. Nigg, Jordyn Vienneau, Sandro Nigg, Serge S. Colson, Karin Lienhard, Olivier Meste, University of calgary, Faculty of Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia-Antipolis (I3S) / Equipe SIGNAL, Signal, Images et Systèmes ( SIS ), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis ( I3S ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis ( I3S ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Signal, Images et Systèmes (Laboratoire I3S - SIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Acceleration, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Squat, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Electromyography, Vibration, Root mean square, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Lower limb muscle, medicine, Humans, Whole body vibration, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, [ SDV.IB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Exercise physiology, Muscle, Skeletal, Exercise, Physics, medicine.diagnostic_test, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Lower Extremity, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of different magnitudes and directions of the vibration platform acceleration on surface electromyography (sEMG) during whole-body vibration (WBV) exercises. Therefore, a WBV platform was used that delivers vertical vibrations by a side-alternating mode, horizontal vibrations by a circular mode, and vibrations in all 3 planes by a dual mode. Surface electromyography signals of selected lower limb muscles were measured in 30 individuals while they performed a static squat on a vibration platform. The WBV trials included 2 side-alternating trials (Side-L: 6 Hz, 2.5 mm; Side-H: 16 Hz, 4 mm), 2 circular trials (Circ-L: 14 Hz, 0.8 mm; Circ-H: 43 Hz, 0.8 mm), and 4 dual-mode trials that were the combinations of the single-mode trials (Side-L/Circ-L, Side-L/Circ-H, Side-H/Circ-L, Side-H/Circ-H). Furthermore, control trials without vibration were assessed, and 3-dimensional platform acceleration was quantified during the vibration. Significant increases in the root mean square of the sEMG (sEMGRMS) compared with the control trial were found in most muscles for Side-L/Circ-H (+17 to +63%, p ≤ 0.05), Side-H/Circ-L (+7 to +227%, p ≤ 0.05), and Side-H/Circ-H (+21 to +207%, p < 0.01) and in the lower leg muscles for Side-H (+35 to +138%, p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, only the vertical platform acceleration showed a linear relationship (r = 0.970, p < 0.001) with the averaged sEMGRMS of the lower limb muscles. Significant increases in sEMGRMS were found with a vertical acceleration threshold of 18 m·s(-2) and higher. The present results emphasize that WBV exercises should be performed on a platform that induces vertical accelerations of 18 m·s(-2) and higher.

Published
2015

15. The Effect of Whole-body Vibration on Muscle Activity in Active and Inactive Subjects

Author

Jordyn Vienneau, Karin Lienhard, Serge S. Colson, Beno Nigg, Bernd Friesenbichler, Sandro Nigg, Olivier Meste, Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia-Antipolis (I3S) / Equipe SIGNAL, Signal, Images et Systèmes (Laboratoire I3S - SIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of calgary, Faculty of Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology, Signal, Images et Systèmes ( SIS ), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis ( I3S ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis ( I3S ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), and Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN )

Subjects
Adult, Male, 030506 rehabilitation, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Acceleration, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Squat, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Electromyography, Vibration, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Voluntary contraction, Lower limb muscle, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, medicine, Humans, Whole body vibration, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, [ SDV.IB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Muscle activity, Muscle, Skeletal, Exercise, Transmissibility (structural dynamics), medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, 030229 sport sciences, Vertical acceleration, Lower Extremity, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Female, 0305 other medical science, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

International audience; The purpose of this study was to compare lower limb muscle activity between physically active and inactive individuals during whole-body vibration exercises. Additionally, transmissibility of the vertical acceleration to the head was quantified. 30 active and 28 inactive participants volunteered to stand in a relaxed (20°) and a squat (60°) position on a side-alternating WBV platform that induced vibrations at 16 Hz and 4 mm amplitude. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was measured in selected lower limb muscles and was normalized to the corresponding sEMG recorded during a maximal voluntary contraction. The vertical acceleration on the head was evaluated and divided by the vertical platform acceleration to obtain transmissibility values. Control trials without vibration were also assessed. The outcomes of this study showed that (1) WBV significantly increased muscle activity in the active (absolute increase: +7%, P 0.05). However, (3), transmissibility to the head was greater in the active (0.080) than the inactive participants (0.065, P

Published
2015

16. Greater magnitude tibiofemoral contact forces are associated with reduced prevalence of osteochondral pathologies 2-3 years following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Author

Christopher J. Vertullo, Ans Van Ginckel, Julian A. Feller, David J. Saxby, Flavia M. Cicuttini, Adam L. Bryant, Tim Whitehead, Karine Fortin, Luca Modenese, Kim L Bennell, Pauline Gerus, Yuanyuan Wang, Xinyang Wang, David Lloyd, Tim V. Wrigley, Jason M. Konrath, Price Gallie, Shanghai Enhanced Laboratory of Modern Metalllurgy and Materials Prcessing, Shanghai University, Laboratoire de physique des interfaces et des couches minces [Palaiseau] (LPICM), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INSIGNEO Institute for in Silico Medicine, University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)

Subjects
Male, Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, medicine.medical_treatment, 1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences, Osteoarthritis, Meniscus (anatomy), 0302 clinical medicine, Bone Marrow, Prevalence, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Gait, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Orthodontics, 030222 orthopedics, Osteonecrosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Bone marrow lesions, Biomechanical Phenomena, Tibial Meniscus Injuries, medicine.anatomical_structure, Defects, Female, Anterior cruciate ligament, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Victoria, Knee Injuries, Contact force, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, medicine, Humans, Meniscus, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, business.industry, Cartilage, Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries, 1103 Clinical Sciences, 030229 sport sciences, medicine.disease, Orthopedics, Cross-Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, Orthopedic surgery, Surgery, Reconstruction, business
Abstract

PURPOSE: External loading of osteoarthritic and healthy knees correlates with current and future osteochondral tissue state. These relationships have not been examined following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. We hypothesised greater magnitude tibiofemoral contact forces were related to increased prevalence of osteochondral pathologies, and these relationships were exacerbated by concomitant meniscal injury. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of 100 individuals (29.7 ± 6.5 years, 78.1 ± 14.4 kg) examined 2-3 years following hamstring tendon anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Thirty-eight participants had concurrent meniscal pathology (30.6 ± 6.6 years, 83.3 ± 14.3 kg), which included treated and untreated meniscal injury, and 62 participants (29.8 ± 6.4 years, 74.9 ± 13.3 kg) were free of meniscal pathology. Magnetic resonance imaging of reconstructed knees was used to assess prevalence of tibiofemoral osteochondral pathologies (i.e., cartilage defects and bone marrow lesions). A calibrated electromyogram-driven neuromusculoskeletal model was used to predict medial and lateral tibiofemoral compartment contact forces from gait analysis data. Relationships between contact forces and osteochondral pathology prevalence were assessed using logistic regression models. RESULTS: In patients with reconstructed knees free from meniscal pathology, greater medial contact forces were related to reduced prevalence of medial cartilage defects (odds ratio (OR) = 0.7, Wald χ2(2) = 7.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.50-95, p = 0.02) and medial bone marrow lesions (OR = 0.8, Wald χ2(2) = 4.2, 95% CI = 0.7-0.99, p = 0.04). No significant relationships were found in lateral compartments. In reconstructed knees with concurrent meniscal pathology, no relationships were found between contact forces and osteochondral pathologies. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with reconstructed knees free from meniscal pathology, increased contact forces were associated with fewer cartilage defects and bone marrow lesions in medial, but not, lateral tibiofemoral compartments. No significant relationships were found between contact forces and osteochondral pathologies in reconstructed knees with meniscal pathology for any tibiofemoral compartment. Future studies should focus on determining longitudinal effects of contact forces and changes in osteochondral pathologies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

Published
2017

17. Increased Fatigue Response to Augmented Deceptive Feedback during Cycling Time Trial

Author

Gregory M. Blain, Olivier Meste, Guillaume P. Ducrocq, Thomas J. Hureau, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia-Antipolis (I3S) / Equipe SIGNAL, Signal, Images et Systèmes (Laboratoire I3S - SIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Signal, Images et Systèmes ( SIS ), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis ( I3S ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis ( I3S ), and Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Deception, Physical Exertion, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Electromyography, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Feedback, Quadriceps Muscle, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Time trial, Femoral nerve, Heart Rate, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Increased fatigue, Power output, Lactic Acid, [ SDV.IB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Twitch interpolation, 030229 sport sciences, Bicycling, Respiratory Function Tests, Anesthesia, Muscle Fatigue, Physical therapy, Exercise Test, Female, Perception, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Completion time, Cycling, business, Energy Metabolism, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effect of different magnitudes of deception on performance and exercise-induced fatigue during cycling time trial. METHODS After three familiarization visits, three women and eight men performed three 5-km cycling time trials while following a simulated dynamic avatar reproducing either 100% (5K100%), 102% (5K102%), or 105% (5K105%) of the subject's previous fastest trial. Quadriceps muscle activation was quantified with surface electromyography. Fatigue was quantified by preexercise to postexercise (10 s through 15 min recovery) changes in quadriceps maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force, potentiated twitch force evoked by electrical femoral nerve stimulation (QTSingle) and voluntary activation (VA, twitch interpolation technique). RESULTS Greater quadriceps muscle activation in 5K102% versus 5K100% (12% ± 11%) was found in parallel with a 5% ± 2% and 2% ± 1% improvement in power output and completion time, respectively (P < 0.01). Exercise-induced reduction in MVC force and VA were 14% ± 19% and 28% ± 31% greater at exercise termination (at 10 s), whereas QTSingle recovery (from 10 s to 15 min) was 5% ± 5% less in 5K102% versus 5K100% (P < 0.01). No difference in performance or fatigue indices measured at exercise termination was found between 5K100% and 5K105%. CONCLUSIONS Muscle activation and performance improvements during a deceptive cycling time trial were achieved only with a 2% magnitude of deception and were associated with a further impairment in MVC force, QTSingle recovery and VA compared to control. Performance improvement during cycling time trial with augmented deceptive feedback therefore resulted in exacerbated exercise-induced peripheral and central fatigue.

Published
2017

18. The differential effects of prolonged exercise upon executive function and cerebral oxygenation

Author

Rémi Radel, Stéphane Perrey, Karen Davranche, Gavin D. Tempest, Jeanick Brisswalter, Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive ( LPC ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Laboratory of Human Motricity, Education Sport and Health, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ), Euromov ( EuroMov ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), Euromov (EuroMov), Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Elementary cognitive task, Cognitive Neuroscience, Poison control, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Hypofrontality, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, behavioral disciplines and activities, Prefrontal cortex, Developmental psychology, Executive Function, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Near-infrared spectroscopy, Ventilatory threshold, Reaction Time, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Humans, Exercise, Cross-Over Studies, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, Working memory, 030229 sport sciences, Executive functions, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Cerebrovascular Circulation, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Cognitive control, Response inhibition, Female, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

International audience; The acute-exercise effects upon cognitive functions are varied and dependent upon exercise duration and intensity, and the type of cognitive tasks assessed. The hypofrontality hypothesis assumes that prolonged exercise, at physiologically challenging intensities, is detrimental to executive functions due to cerebral perturbations (indicated by reduced prefrontal activity). The present study aimed to test this hypothesis by measuring oxygenation in prefrontal and motor regions using near-infrared spectroscopy during two executive tasks (flanker task and 2-back task) performed while cycling for 60 min at a very low intensity and an intensity above the ventilatory threshold. Findings revealed that, compared to very low intensity, physiologically challenging exercise (i) shortened reaction time in the flanker task, (ii) impaired performance in the 2-back task, and (iii) initially increased oxygenation in prefrontal, but not motor regions, which then became stable in both regions over time. Therefore, during prolonged exercise, not only is the intensity of exercise assessed important, but also the nature of the cognitive processes involved in the task. In contrast to the hypofrontality hypothesis, no inverse pattern of oxygenation between prefrontal and motor regions was observed, and prefrontal oxygenation was maintained over time. The present results go against the hypofrontality hypothesis. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Published
2017

19. Relationship Between Blood Flow and Performance Recovery: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

Author

Christophe Hausswirth, François Bieuzen, Rachel Borne, Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), and French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) ( SEP (EA7370) )

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Placebo-controlled study, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Athletic Performance, Placebo, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Recovery period, 0302 clinical medicine, Double-Blind Method, Heart Rate, Internal medicine, Heart rate, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Lactic Acid, Muscle, Skeletal, Wingate test, 030222 orthopedics, Recovery effect, business.industry, [ SHS.SPORT.PS ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Performance recovery, 030229 sport sciences, Blood flow, Electric Stimulation, Bicycling, Lower Extremity, Regional Blood Flow, Cardiology, Physical therapy, business
Abstract

Purpose:To investigate the effect of different limb blood-flow levels on cycling-performance recovery, blood lactate concentration, and heart rate.Methods:Thirty-three high-intensity intermittent-trained athletes completed two 30-s Wingate anaerobic test sessions, 3 × 30-s (WAnT 1–3) and 1 × 30-s (WAnT 4), on a cycling ergometer. WAnT 1–3 and WAnT 4 were separated by a randomly assigned 24-min recovery intervention selected from among blood-flow restriction, passive rest, placebo stimulation, or neuromuscular electrical-stimulation-induced blood flow. Calf arterial inflow was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography at regular intervals throughout the recovery period. Performance was measured in terms of peak and mean power output during WAnT 1 and WAnT 4.Results:After the recovery interventions, a large (r = .68 [90% CL .42; .83]) and very large (r = .72 (90% CL .49; .86]) positive correlation were observed between the change in calf arterial inflow and the change in mean and peak power output, respectively. Calf arterial inflow was significantly higher during the neuromuscular-electrical-stimulation recovery intervention than with the blood-flow-restriction, passive-rest, and placebo-stimulation interventions (P < .001). This corresponds to the only intervention that allowed performance recovery (P > .05). No recovery effect was linked to heart rate or blood lactate concentration levels.Conclusions:For the first time, these data support the existence of a positive correlation between an increase in blood flow and performance recovery between bouts of high-intensity exercise. As a practical consideration, this effect can be obtained by using neuromuscular electrical stimulation-induced blood flow since this passive, simple strategy could be easily applied during short-term recovery.

Published
2017

20. Reducing stereotype threat with embodied triggers: A case of sensorimotor-mental congruence

Author

Rémi Radel, E. J. Masicampo, Vincent Dru, Aïna Chalabaev, Sport et Environnement Social (SENS ), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Wake Forest University, Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Social Psychology, avoidance motivation, Psychological intervention, 050109 social psychology, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, Choice Behavior, 050105 experimental psychology, Fluency, Young Adult, [ SDV.NEU.SC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Cognition, Congruence (geometry), Physical Stimulation, Avoidance Learning, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance, regulatory fit, Motivation, Stereotyping, 05 social sciences, Emotion Cognition et Comportement, Visual field, Embodied cognition, Stereotype threat, motor congruence, stereotype threat, Stroop Test, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Visual Perception, Female, Psychology, Social psychology, Photic Stimulation, Stroop effect
Abstract

International audience; In four experiments, we tested whether embodied triggers may reduce stereotype threat. We predicted that left-side sensorimotor inductions would increase cognitive performance under stereotype threat, because such inductions are linked to avoidance motivation among right-handers. This sensorimotor-mental congruence hypothesis rests on regulatory fit research showing that stereotype threat may be reduced by avoidance-oriented interventions, and motor congruence research showing positive effects when two parameters of a motor action activate the same motivational system (avoidance or approach). Results indicated that under stereotype threat, cognitive performance was higher when participants contracted their left hand (Study 1) or when the stimuli were presented on the left side of the visual field (Studies 2-4), as compared with right-hand contraction or right-side visual stimulation. These results were observed on math (Studies 1, 2, and 4) and Stroop (Study 3) performance. An indirect effect of congruence on math performance through subjective fluency was also observed.

Published
2016

21. Vitamin and mineral supplementation effect on muscular activity and cycling efficiency in master athletes

Author

Julien Louis, Christophe Hausswirth, François Bieuzen, Jeanick Brisswalter, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), and Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP )

Subjects
electromyography, Time Factors, master athlete, Physiology, Vastus medialis, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, cycling efficiency, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Isometric exercise, Electromyography, [ SHS.SPORT ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, Biceps, Antioxidants, force maximale volontaire, 0302 clinical medicine, rendement en cyclisme, Leg press, Minerals, Exercise Tolerance, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SHS.SPORT.PS ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Vitamins, vieillissement, General Medicine, Middle Aged, électromyographie, Drug Combinations, Muscle Fatigue, Cycling, medicine.medical_specialty, Strength training, 03 medical and health sciences, Oxygen Consumption, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Double-Blind Method, athlète master, Isometric Contraction, Physiology (medical), medicine, Humans, Muscle Strength, Muscle, Skeletal, Aged, [SHS.SPORT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport, business.industry, Athletes, aging, Resistance Training, 030229 sport sciences, biology.organism_classification, Bicycling, maximal voluntary contraction, Dietary Supplements, Physical Endurance, Physical therapy, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; The influence of vitamin and mineral complex supplementation on muscular activity and cycling efficiency was examined in elderly endurance-trained master athletes during a heavy cycling trial. Master athletes were randomly assigned in a double-blind process to 1 of 2 treatment groups: antioxidant supplementation (n = 8: As group) or placebo (n = 8: Pl group) for 21 days. After that time, each subject had to perform a 10-min session of cycling on a cycloergometer at a heavy constant intensity. Twenty-four to 48 h after this session, subjects performed an isometric maximal voluntary contraction before and immediately after a fatiguing strength training (leg press exercise) and the same 10-min cycling test after fatigue. Isometric maximal voluntary force (MVF) of knee extensors was assessed before and after fatigue. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the vastus medialis, the vastus lateralis (VL), and the biceps femoris was recorded with surface EMG. The knee-extensors MVF after the fatiguing exercise was reduced in similar proportions for both groups (As, –10.9%; Pl, –11.3%, p < 0.05). This MVF loss was associated with a significant reduction in EMG frequency parameters for both groups, with a lower decrease for the As group. Muscular activity and cycling efficiency during the cycling bouts were affected by the treatment. Cycling efficiency decreased significantly and the oxygen uptake slow component was higher after the fatiguing exercise for both groups. Furthermore, a decrease in cycling efficiency was associated with an increase in VL activity. However, these changes were significantly lower for the As group. The results of the present study indicate an overall positive effect of vitamin and mineral complex supplementation on cycling efficiency after fatigue, in the endurance-trained elderly.; L'objet de cette étude était d'analyser l'influence d'une supplémentation en vitamines et minéraux sur la performance musculaire et le rendement au cours d'un exercice de cyclisme intense. Deux groupes de 8 personnes âgées régulièrement entrainées en endurance, ont été constitués selon une procédure en double aveugle avec l'apport soit d'un complexe d'antioxydants (n = 8 : groupe As), soit d'un placebo (n = 8 : groupe Pl) pendant 21 jours. Après 21 jours de supplémentation chaque sujet devait effectuer une session de cyclisme de 10 min à une intensité intense. 24 à 48 h après cette session les sujets réalisait un test d'évaluation de la force maximale volontaire (FMV) avant et après une séance d'entrainement en résistance et le même exercice de cyclisme après fatigue. La force maximale isométrique volontaire (FMV) des extenseurs du genou était testée avant et après fatigue. L'activité électromyographique (EMG) du vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL) et biceps femoris (BF) était enregistrée à partir d'électrodes de surface. La FMV des muscles extenseurs du genou était réduite après l'exercice fatigant, dans des proportions similaires pour les 2 groupes (As, –10,9%; Pl, –11,3%, p < 0,05). Cette baisse de la FMV était accompagnée d'une réduction des paramètres EMG fréquentiels, pour les 2 groupes, avec toutefois une moindre diminution pour le groupe As. La tolérance à l'exercice en cyclisme était modifiée entre les 2 sessions. Le rendement en cyclisme était réduit et la composante lente de consommation d'oxygène était augmentée pour les 2 groupes après l'exercice fatigant. Cette altération du rendement en cyclisme était accompagnée d'une augmentation de l'activité musculaire du VL. Néanmoins ces changements étaient significativement moindres pour le groupe As. Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent un effet bénéfique d'une supplémentation en vitamines et minéraux sur le rendement en cyclisme après fatigue, chez des personnes âgées entraînées en endurance. Mots-clés : vieillissement, électromyographie, rendement en cyclisme, force maximale volontaire, athlète master.

Published
2010

22. If You Are Old and Do Not Want to Fall into The Traditional Stereotype--Be Physically Active!

Author

Rémi Radel, Aïna Chalabaev, Corentin Clément-Guillotin, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), and Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN )

Subjects
Adult, Male, Aging, Emotions, Poison control, 050109 social psychology, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, Stereotype content model, Suicide prevention, Developmental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, [ SDV.NEU.SC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Judgment, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Surveys and Questionnaires, Injury prevention, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 10. No inequality, Social Behavior, Competence (human resources), Exercise, General Psychology, Stereotyping, Social perception, 05 social sciences, Human factors and ergonomics, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, 030229 sport sciences, Emotion Cognition et Comportement, Social Perception, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Facilitation, Female, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Psychology, Social psychology
Abstract

International audience; Background/Study Context: Based on the stereotype content model and the behaviors from intergroup affect and stereotypes map (Cuddy et al., 2008; Advances in experimental social psychology [Vol. 40, pp. 61–149], New York: Academic Press), we examined whether being physically active may challenge the traditional stereotypes related to older adults.Methods: We compared how 94 participants (Mage = 24.48 years, SD = 7.15 years) judged one of three target groups (older adults in general, physically active older adults, and socially active older adults), with regard to perceived status and competition, warmth and competence judgments, emotional and behavioral reactions.Results: Results showed that being physically active was associated with higher status and competence. Physically active older adults were specifically viewed as an admired group eliciting both active (helping) and passive facilitation (associating) tendencies.Conclusion: Beyond the well-known health perspective related to the regular participation of older adults in physical activity, the present results open a social optimistic perspective, in which being physically active seems a promising way to challenge the widespread and resistant stereotype content of older people commonly perpetuated.

Published
2015

23. Pushing to the limits: The dynamics of cognitive control during exhausting exercise

Author

Karen Davranche, Rémi Radel, Christopher S. Easthope, Cyril Schmit, Serge S. Colson, Jeanick Brisswalter, Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive ( LPC ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratory of Human Motricity, Education Sport and Health, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cognitive Neuroscience, Physical Exertion, Prefrontal Cortex, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Physical exercise, Hypofrontality, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, Electromyography, Developmental psychology, Executive Function, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Oxygen Consumption, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Cerebral oxygenation, Time windows, medicine, Humans, Response inhibition, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, medicine.diagnostic_test, Cognition, 030229 sport sciences, Inhibition, Psychological, Impulsive Behavior, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, Psychology, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Eriksen flanker task
Abstract

International audience; This study aimed at investigating concurrent changes in cognitive control and cerebral oxygenation (Cox) during steady intense exercise to volitional exhaustion. Fifteen participants were monitored using prefrontal near-infrared spectroscopy and electromyography of the thumb muscles during the completion of an Eriksen flanker task completed either at rest (control condition) or while cycling at a strenuous intensity until exhaustion (exercise condition). Two time windows were matched between the conditions to distinguish a potential exercise-induced evolutive cognitive effect: an initial period and a terminal period. In the initial period, Cox remained unaltered and, contrary to theoretical predictions, exercise did not induce any deficit in selective response inhibition. Rather, the drop-off of the delta curve as reaction time lengthened suggested enhanced efficiency of cognitive processes in the first part of the exercise bout. Shortly before exhaustion, Cox values were severely reduced - though not characteristic of a hypofrontality state - while no sign of deficit in selective response inhibition was observed. Despite this, individual's susceptibility to making fast impulsive errors increased and less efficient online correction of incorrect activation was observed near exhaustion. A negative correlation between Cox values and error rate was observed and is discussed in terms of cerebral resources redistribution. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2015

24. The role of (dis)inhibition in creativity: Decreased inhibition improves idea generation

Author

Karen Davranche, Rémi Radel, Arne Dietrich, Marion Fournier, Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive ( LPC ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
Adult, Linguistics and Language, Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, behavioral disciplines and activities, 050105 experimental psychology, Language and Linguistics, Task (project management), Creativity, 03 medical and health sciences, Fluency, Executive Function, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Double-Blind Method, Cognitive resource theory, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Lexical decision task, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, media_common, Mechanism (biology), 05 social sciences, Inhibition, Psychological, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Psychology, Divergent thinking, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Eriksen flanker task, Psychomotor Performance, psychological phenomena and processes, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

International audience; There is now a large body of evidence showing that many different conditions related to impaired fronto-executive functioning are associated with the enhancement of some types of creativity. In this paper, we pursue the possibility that the central mechanism associated with this effect might be a reduced capacity to exert inhibition. We tested this hypothesis by exhausting the inhibition efficiency through prolonged and intensive practice of either the Simon or the Eriksen Flanker task. Performance on another inhibition task indicated that only the cognitive resources for inhibition of participants facing high inhibition demands were impaired. Subsequent creativity tests revealed that exposure to high inhibition demands led to enhanced fluency in a divergent thinking task (Alternate Uses Task), but no such changes occurred in a convergent task (Remote Associate Task; studies la and lb). The same manipulation also led to a hyper-priming effect for weakly related primes in a Lexical Decision Task (Study 2). Together, these findings suggest that inhibition selectively affects some types of creative processes and that, when resources for inhibition are lacking, the frequency and the originality of ideas was facilitated. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2015

25. Exercise performance is regulated during repeated sprints to limit the development of peripheral fatigue beyond a critical threshold

Author

Hureau , Thomas J, Olivier , Nicolas, Millet , Guillaume, Meste , Olivier, Blain , Gregory, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Activité Physique, Muscle, Santé (EA4488), Université de Lyon, Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia-Antipolis (I3S) / Equipe SIGNAL, Signal, Images et Systèmes (Laboratoire I3S - SIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), UDSL2, Université de Lille, Signal, Images et Systèmes ( SIS ), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis ( I3S ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis ( I3S ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)

Subjects
Adult, Male, [ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Electromyography, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Electric Stimulation, Quadriceps Muscle, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Muscle Fatigue, Humans, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, [ SDV.IB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Exercise, human activities, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Fatigue, Femoral Nerve, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

International audience; : We hypothesized that exercise performance is adjusted during repeated sprints in order to not surpass a critical threshold of peripheral fatigue. Twelve men randomly performed three experimental sessions on different days: one single 10 s all-out sprint and two trials of 10 × 10 s all-out sprint with 30 s of passive recovery in between. One trial was performed in the unfatigued state (CTRL) and one following electrically-induced quadriceps muscle fatigue (FTNMES). Peripheral fatigue was quantified by comparing pre- to post-exercise changes in potentiated quadriceps twitch force (Δ Qtw-pot) evoked by supramaximal magnetic stimulation of the femoral nerve. Central fatigue was estimated by comparing pre- to post-exercise voluntary activation of quadriceps motor units. The RMS of the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis EMG normalized by maximal M-wave amplitude (RMS.Mmax(-1)) was also calculated during sprints. Compared to CTRL, pre-existing quadriceps muscle fatigue in FTNMES (Δ Qtw-pot = - 29 ± 4%) resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in power output (- 4.0 ± 0.9%) associated with a reduction in RMS.Mmax-1. However, Δ Qtw-pot post-sprints decreased by 51% in both conditions indicating that the level of peripheral fatigue was identical, and independent of the degree of pre-existing fatigue. Our findings showed that power output and cycling EMG are adjusted during exercise for the purpose of limiting the development of peripheral fatigue beyond a constant threshold. We hypothesized that the contribution of peripheral fatigue to exercise limitation involves a reduction in central motor drive in addition to the impairment in muscular function.

Published
2014

26. Resting and active motor thresholds versus stimulus–response curves to determine transcranial magnetic stimulation intensity in quadriceps femoris

Author

John Temesi, Samuel Verges, Thomas Rupp, Mathieu Gruet, Guillaume Y. Millet, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Laboratoire HP2, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Hypoxie et physiopathologies cardiovasculaire et respiratoire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratory of Human Performance, University of Calgary, Rhône-Alpes Region, Fonds de Dotation Recherche en Santé Respiratoire, appel d'offres 2011, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), BMC, Ed., Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Hypoxie : Physiopathologie Respiratoire et Cardiovasculaire (HP2), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Vastus medialis, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Health Informatics, Stimulation, Electromyography, Stimulus (physiology), Stimulus intensity determination, Quadriceps Muscle, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, Methodological considerations, Fatigue, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Research, Rehabilitation, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Motor Cortex, 030229 sport sciences, Evoked Potentials, Motor, C600, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Coactivation, body regions, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, medicine.anatomical_structure, [ SDV.NEU.NB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Physical therapy, medicine.symptom, Psychology, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction, Muscle contraction, Motor cortex
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a widely-used investigative technique in motor cortical evaluation. Recently, there has been a surge in TMS studies evaluating lower-limb fatigue. TMS intensity of 120-130% resting motor threshold (RMT) and 120% active motor threshold (AMT) and TMS intensity determined using stimulus-response curves during muscular contraction have been used in these studies. With the expansion of fatigue research in locomotion, the quadriceps femoris is increasingly of interest. It is important to select a stimulus intensity appropriate to evaluate the variables, including voluntary activation, being measured in this functionally important muscle group. This study assessed whether selected quadriceps TMS stimulus intensity determined by frequently employed methods is similar between methods and muscles. METHODS: Stimulus intensity in vastus lateralis, rectus femoris and vastus medialis muscles was determined by RMT, AMT (i.e. during brief voluntary contractions at 10% maximal voluntary force, MVC) and maximal motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitude from stimulus-response curves during brief voluntary contractions at 10, 20 and 50% MVC at different stimulus intensities. RESULTS: Stimulus intensity determined from a 10% MVC stimulus-response curve and at 120 and 130% RMT was higher than stimulus intensity at 120% AMT (lowest) and from a 50% MVC stimulus-response curve (p < 0.05). Stimulus intensity from a 20% MVC stimulus-response curve was similar to 120% RMT and 50% MVC stimulus-response curve. Mean stimulus intensity for stimulus-response curves at 10, 20 and 50% MVC corresponded to approximately 135, 115 and 100% RMT and 180, 155 and 130% AMT, respectively. Selected stimulus intensity was similar between muscles for all methods (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Similar optimal stimulus intensity and maximal MEP amplitudes at 20 and 50% MVC and the minimal risk of residual fatigue at 20% MVC suggest that a 20% MVC stimulus-response curve is appropriate for determining TMS stimulus intensity in the quadriceps femoris. The higher selected stimulus intensities at 120-130% RMT have the potential to cause increased coactivation and discomfort and the lower stimulus intensity at 120% AMT may underestimate evoked responses. One muscle may also act as a surrogate in determining optimal quadriceps femoris stimulation intensity.

Published
2014

27. Determination of the optimal parameters maximizing muscle activity of the lower limbs during vertical synchronous whole-body vibration

Author

Serge S. Colson, Aline Cabasson, Olivier Meste, Karin Lienhard, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia-Antipolis (I3S) / Equipe SIGNAL, Signal, Images et Systèmes ( SIS ), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis ( I3S ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis ( I3S ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Signal, Images et Systèmes (Laboratoire I3S - SIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Physiology, Electromyography, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Vibration, Lower limb, Calf muscles, Quadriceps Muscle, Weight-Bearing, Young Adult, Physiology (medical), Medicine, Whole body vibration, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, [ SDV.IB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Muscle activity, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine, Human physiology, Anatomy, Biomechanical Phenomena, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lower Extremity, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Female, Ankle, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Biomedical engineering, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

International audience; PURPOSE: To describe the most effective parameters maximizing muscle activity during whole-body vibration (WBV) exercises on a vertically vibrating (VV) platform. METHODS: The influence of (1) WBV vs. no vibration, (2) vibration frequency (25, 30, 35, 40 Hz), (3) platform peak-to-peak displacement (1.2, 2 mm), and (4) additional loading (no load, 17, 33 kg) on surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity of five lower limb muscles was investigated in eighteen participants. RESULTS: (1) Comparing WBV to no vibration, sEMGRMS of the calf muscles was significantly higher with an additional load of 33 kg independently of the displacement and the frequency (P

Published
2013

28. Development and validation of the aging stereotypes and exercise scale

Author

Karine Corrion, Aïna Chalabaev, Christian Pradier, Mélanie Emile, Yannick Stephan, Fabienne d'Arripe-Longueville, Corentin Clément-Guillotin, Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Service de santé publique [CHU Nice], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives ( CIAMS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ), CHU Nice, Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Dynamique des capacités humaines et des conduites de santé (EPSYLON), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Aging, Adolescent, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, Pilot Projects, Psychological barriers, 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental psychology, External validity, 03 medical and health sciences, [ SDV.NEU.SC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 030212 general & internal medicine, 10. No inequality, Exercise, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Self-efficacy, Motivation, Stereotyping, Chi-Square Distribution, Age differences, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, 05 social sciences, Rehabilitation, Reproducibility of Results, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Emotion Cognition et Comportement, Middle Aged, Self Efficacy, Aged 80 and over, Attitude, Younger adults, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Regression Analysis, Female, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Psychology, Gerontology, Chi-squared distribution
Abstract

International audience; This article presents the development and validation of the aging stereotypes and exercise scale (ASES), which measures different dimensions of aging stereotypes in the exercise domain. Drawing on past research on older adults' perceived barriers to exercise, these dimensions include stereotypes about positive and negative exercise outcomes for older adults and about older adults' psychological barriers to exercise (i.e., lack of self-efficacy and motivation). Four studies involving 714 participants examined the factorial structure and invariance, temporal stability, and external validity of the scale. The results supported a 3-factor model that was invariant across age. Age differences in stereotype content appeared, with older adults holding more positive stereotypes than younger adults. Also as predicted, the more older adults endorsed negative stereotypes, the lower their physical self- worth, self-rated health, and subjective age. Last, responses to the ASES appeared to be stable over a 6-wk period.

Published
2013

29. Priming motivation through unattended speech

Author

Luc G. Pelletier, Rémi Radel, Philippe Sarrazin, Marie Jehu, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), MAP, Sport et Environnement Social ( SENS ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ), Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Motivation Humaine, Université d'Ottawa, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Sport et Environnement Social (SENS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), and University of Ottawa [Ottawa]

Subjects
Auditory perception, Male, Social Psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 050109 social psychology, Muscle Strength Dynamometer, 050105 experimental psychology, Task (project management), [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Intrinsic motivation, Humans, Speech, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Conversation, Attention, Muscle Strength, media_common, Motivation, 05 social sciences, 16. Peace & justice, Muscle strength, Female, Psychology, Social psychology, Priming (psychology)
Abstract

International audience; This study examines whether motivation can be primed through unattended speech. Study 1 used a dichotic-listening paradigm and repeated strength measures. In comparison to the baseline condition, in which the unattended channel was only composed by neutral words, the presence of words related to high (low) intensity of motivation led participants to exert more (less) strength when squeezing a hand dynamometer. In a second study, a barely audible conversation was played while participants' attention was mobilized on a demanding task. Participants who were exposed to a conversation depicting intrinsic motivation performed better and persevered longer in a subsequent word-fragment completion task than those exposed to the same conversation made unintelligible. These findings suggest that motivation can be primed without attention.

Published
2013

30. Restoration process of the need for autonomy: the early alarm stage

Author

Rémi Radel, Luc G. Pelletier, Philippe Sarrazin, Marina Milyavskaya, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Motivation Humaine, Université d'Ottawa, MAP, Sport et Environnement Social ( SENS ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ), Departement of Psychology, McGill University, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Sport et Environnement Social (SENS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Department of Psychology [Montréal], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]

Subjects
Adult, Male, Sociology and Political Science, Social Psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 050109 social psychology, Context (language use), Affect (psychology), 050105 experimental psychology, General adaptation syndrome, Judgment, Young Adult, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Social Conformity, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Basic needs, Autonomy, Self-determination theory, media_common, Psychological Tests, Compensation (psychology), 05 social sciences, Self-determination, Personal Autonomy, Well-being, Impulse, Female, Psychology, Social psychology
Abstract

Autonomy is described by self-determination theory as a basic psychological need, essential for individuals' well-being. While basic needs are generally thought to induce a restorative response when thwarted, evidence for such a process is lacking for autonomy. To date, most evidence indicates that autonomy deprivation leads to disaffection of this need in favor of other motives. A temporal model based on the general adaptation syndrome was adapted to reconcile this seeming contradiction. Specifically, it is hypothesized that an early alarm response aimed at restoring the satisfaction of the need for autonomy should precede the later relinquishment and compensation of this need that would result from a prolonged deprivation. Three studies provide support for this model by showing the existence of the immediate autonomy restorative response. Using a controlling situation to manipulate autonomy deprivation, the authors demonstrate in Experiments 1 and 2 that a controlling context leads to enhanced accessibility and an approach bias for autonomy-related stimuli. Experiment 3 indicates that the urge to restore autonomy can also affect personal judgment, leading individuals to make more independent judgments, exercising a nonreactive form of autonomy. Integration of this model within self-determination theory is discussed.

Published
2011

31. Effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on middle distance running performance in well trained runners

Author

Jeanick, Brisswalter, Ezzedine, Bouhlel, Jean Marie, Falola, Christopher R, Abbiss, Jean Marc, Vallier, Christophe, Hausswirth, Christophe, Hauswirth, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Université de Sousse, University of Abomey Calavi ( UAC ), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), and Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP)

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Electromyography, Athletic Performance, Physical strength, Islam, Running, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Oxygen Consumption, 0302 clinical medicine, Distance running, VO2 kinetics, Intermittent fasting, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Young adult, running efficiency, Muscle, Skeletal, Vo2 kinetics, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, [ SHS.SPORT.PS ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Fasting, 030229 sport sciences, anaerobic performance, Oxygen, Thigh, Exercise Test, Physical therapy, business, muscular strength, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction
Abstract

International audience; Objective: To assess whether Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) affects 5000m running performance and physiological parameters classically associated with middle distance performance.Design: Eighteen subjects (age 23.6±2.9 yr, body mass 64 ± 2.3 kg) divided in two experimental groups (Ramadan fasting (n = 9 vs. control, n= 9) participated in two experimental sessions, one before RIF and the other the last week of fasting.Setting: For each session subjects completed four tests in the same order: a maximal running test, a maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of knee extensor, two rectangular submaximal exercises on treadmill of 6 min duration at an intensity corresponding to the first ventilatory threshold (VT1) and a running performance test (5000m).Participants: 18 well-trained middle distance runnersMain Outcome Measurements: Maximal oxygen consumption, maximal voluntary contraction, running performance, running efficiency submaximal VO2 kinetics parameters (basal VO2 : VO2b, time constant : τ, and amplitude : A1) and anthropometric parameters were recorded or calculated.Results: At the end of Ramadan fasting a decrease in maximal voluntary contraction was observed, (-3,2%, p< .00001, Eta2: 0.80), associated with an increase in time constant of oxygen kinetics (+51%, p< .00007, Eta2: 0.72) and a decrease in performance (-5%, p< .0007, Eta2: 0.51). No effect was observed on running efficiency or maximal aerobic power.Conclusions: These results suggest that Ramadan changes in muscular performance and oxygen kinetics could affect performance during middle distance events and need to be considered to choose training protocols during RIF.

Published
2011

32. Arterial Compliance in Divers Exposed to Repeated Hyperoxia Using Rebreather Equipment

Author

Yoann Gole, Pierre Fontanari, Olivier Gavarry, Pascal Rossi, Alain Boussuges, Vascular research center of Marseille (VRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de Médecine Navale du Service de Santé des Armées (IMNSSA), Service de Santé des Armées, Vascular research center of Marseille ( VRCM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Institut de Médecine Navale du Service de Santé des Armées ( IMNSSA ), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
Adult, Cardiac output, Rebreather, Diving, pulse wave velocity, Blood Pressure, Hyperoxia, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Medicine, Pulse wave velocity, 2. Zero hunger, hyperbaric exposure, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 030229 sport sciences, Pulse pressure, Femoral Artery, Compliance (physiology), Carotid Arteries, Blood pressure, Case-Control Studies, Anesthesia, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index, arterial compliance, Blood Flow Velocity
Abstract

International audience; compliance in divers exposed to repeated hyperoxia using rebreather equipment. Aviat Space Environ Med 2009; 80: 482 – 4. Background: Acute hyperoxic exposure is known to modify cardio-vascular parameters like a decrease in cardiac output, arterial vasocon-striction, and autonomic nervous system changes. We hypothesized that repeated hyperbaric hyperoxic exposures, as experienced by military oxygen divers, lead to long-term arterial alterations. Methods: Arterial blood pressure measurements and pulse wave velocity (PWV) recordings were performed during basal conditions in 15 elite military oxygen divers, and compared to 15 non-diver controls. The two groups were matched appropriately for physical characteristics (age: 35 6 5 yr, weight: 77 6 8 kg, height: 177 6 6 cm, body mass index: 24.6 6 2.0 kg z m 2 2), and aerobic capacity (V O 2 max : 52 6 7 ml z min 2 1 z kg 2 1). Results: No signifi cant difference was found in systolic blood pressure (120 6 11 mmHg), dia-stolic blood pressure (70 6 8 mmHg), or pulse pressure (50 6 7 mmHg). Furthermore, there was no signifi cant difference in the carotid-femoral PWV (6.7 6 0.9 m z s 2 1), the carotid-radial PWV (8.7 6 1.7 m z s 2 1), or the carotid-pedal PWV (8.1 6 1.1 m z s 2 1) between divers and controls. Conclusion: No difference in arterial compliance was observed in physically well-trained military oxygen divers in comparison with matched controls.

Published
2009

33. Static Apnea Effect on Heart Rate and Its Variability in Elite Breath-Hold Divers

Author

Martin Buchheit, Fabrice Joulia, Frédéric Lemaître, Claire Tourny-Chollet, Pierre Fontanari, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Département de Chimie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) ( SEP (EA7370) ), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP ), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées ( IRBA ), Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), and Normandie Université ( NU )

Subjects
Adult, Male, Apnea, Diving, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], apnea training, Poison control, Baroreflex, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Heart Rate, Heart rate, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Heart rate variability, Hypoxia, Oxygen saturation, breath-hold, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 030229 sport sciences, Hypoxia (medical), oxygen saturation, Oxygen, Anesthesia, Concomitant, RMSSD, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; Background: The diving response includes cardiovascular adjustments known to decrease oxygen uptake and thus prolong apnea duration. As this diving response is in part characterized by a pronounced decrease in heart rate (HR), it is thought to be vagally mediated.Methods: In five professional breath-hold divers (BHDs) and fi ve less-trained controls (CTL), we investigated whether the diving response is in fact associated with an increase in the root mean square successive difference of the R-R intervals (RMSSD), a time-domain heart rate variability (HRV) index. HR behavior and arterial oxygen saturation (S a O 2) were continuously recorded during one maximal apnea. Short-term changes in S a O 2 , HR, and RMSSD were calculated over the complete apnea duration.Results: BHDs presented bi-phasic HR kinetics, with two HR decreases (32 6 17% and 20 6 10% of initial HR). The second HR decrease, which was concomitant to the pronounced S a O 2 decrease, was also simultaneous to a marked increase in RMSSD. CTL showed only one HR decrease (50 6 10% of initial HR), which appeared before the concomitant S a O 2 and RMSSD changes. When all subject data were combined, arterial desaturation was positively correlated with total apnea time (r 5 0.87, P , 0.01).Conclusion: This study indicates that barorefl ex stimulation and hypoxia may be involved in the bi-phasic HR response of BHDs and thus in their longer apnea duration.

Published
2008

34. Effects of ventilation on body sway during human standing

Author

J. Crémieux, Pierre Fontanari, Olivier Caron, Fabrice Joulia, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Laboratoire de Motricité Humaine Éducation, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées ( IRBA ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Université de Toulon (UTLN), and Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Centre of pressure, Posture, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, medicine, Postural Balance, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Balance (ability), business.industry, Upper body, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], General Neuroscience, Respiration, Quiet breathing, 030229 sport sciences, Diaphragm (structural system), Body sway, Physical therapy, Breathing, business, Pulmonary Ventilation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Body sway was studied in standing with eyes closed during quiet breathing and apnoea. The hypothesis was that absence of ventilation improved balance. Performance and control of balance were assessed by centre of gravity and centre of pressure motions respectively. Eight healthy male subjects participated in the study. The analysis was performed for the first 20s when no activity of the diaphragm and no force variation at thoracic and abdominal levels were observed in apnoea condition. Performance and control were significantly improved in apnoea from 17 to 26% for the planar parameters; this improvement was only observed along the medio-lateral axis (around 34%), probably due to upper body asymmetry and diminution of the number of degrees of freedom that can be mobilised along this axis. In conclusion, ventilation in quiet breathing is a perturbing factor in human standing.

Published
2004

35. Influence of cycling cadence on subsequent running performance in triathletes

Author

Olivier Bernard, Jeanick Brisswalter, Thierry Bernard, Christophe Hausswirth, Jean-Marc Vallier, Fabrice Vercruyssen, Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP ), Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)

Subjects
Adult, Male, [SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, CYCLE- RUN SUCCESSION, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, Oxygen Consumption, 0302 clinical medicine, Animal science, Heart Rate, ENERGY COST, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, TRIATHLETES, Exercise, Exercise duration, Chemistry, LOCOMOTION, [ SHS.SPORT.PS ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiology, VO2 max, CYCLING CADENCE, 030229 sport sciences, Oxygen uptake, Bicycling, Biomechanical Phenomena, VO2 SLOW COMPONENT, Exercise Test, Energy cost, STRIDE RATE, Pulmonary Ventilation, Ventilatory threshold, Cadence, Cycling, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Respiratory minute volume
Abstract

International audience; Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of different cycling cadences on metabolic and kinematic parameters during subsequent running.Methods: Eight triathletes performed two incremental tests (running and cycling) to determine maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and ventilatory threshold (VT) values, a cycling test to assess the energetically optimal cadence (EOC), three cycle-run succession sessions (C-R, 30-min cycle + 15-min run), and one 45-min isolated run (IR). EOC, C-R, and IR sessions were realized at an intensity corresponding to VT + 5%. During the cycling bouts of C-R sessions, subjects had to maintain one of the three pedaling cadences corresponding to the EOC (72.5 ± 4.6 rpm), the freely chosen cadence (FCC; 81.2 ± 7.2 rpm), and the theoretical mechanical optimal cadence (MOC, 90 rpm; Neptune and Hull, 1999).Results: Oxygen uptake (V̇O2) increased during the 30-min cycling only at MOC (+12.0%) and FCC (+10.4%). During the running periods of C-R sessions, V̇O2, minute ventilation, and stride-rate values were significantly higher than during the IR session (respectively, +11.7%, +15.7%, and +7.2%). Furthermore, a significant effect of cycling cadence was found on V̇O2 variability during the 15-min subsequent run only for MOC (+4.1%) and FCC (+3.6%).Conclusion; The highest cycling cadences (MOC, FCC) contribute to an increase in energy cost during cycling and the appearance of a V̇O2 slow component during subsequent running, whereas cycling at EOC leads to a stability in energy cost of locomotion with exercise duration. Several hypotheses are proposed to explain these results such as changes in fiber recruitment or hemodynamic modifications during prolonged exercise.

Published
2002

36. Exercise-induced inflammatory reaction affects electromyographic changes in skeletal muscle during dynamic contractions in humans

Author

Marc Gainnier, Pierre Fontanari, Yves Jammes, Fabrice Michel, S. Delpierre, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ), VEGATEC, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Respiratoire (UPRES EA 2201), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut Fédératif de Recherches Jean ROCHE (IFR 11)-Faculté de Médecine Nord, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Action Potentials, Physical exercise, Electromyography, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Medicine, Ingestion, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors, Muscle, Skeletal, Exercise, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Inflammation, Analysis of Variance, Aspirin, Hand Strength, Muscle fatigue, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], General Neuroscience, Skeletal muscle, Lactic acid, Surgery, Electrophysiology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction, Muscle contraction
Abstract

In order to assess the role of exercise-induced inflammatory reactions on electromyographic (EMG) changes in humans, we have recorded, during a 3-min dynamic handgrip exercise at a high strength (112 w), the surface EMG and the compound evoked muscle action potential (M-wave) in control conditions, and this after ingestion of a well known cyclooxygenase blocker i.e. acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), either as a single dose treatment (10 mg/kg) and as a 3-day treatment (30 mg/kg per day). The power spectrum density function of EMG allowed us to compute both the median frequency (MF) and the energies in a low- and a high-frequency band. We estimated the lactic acid concentration from blood samples drawn from an antecubital vein and we noted that its production was not affected by ASA (single dose or 3-day treatment). We observed at the end of exercise that no change in M-wave duration and conduction time occurred though the median frequency always fell. However, we noted that the slope of the MF vs. time regression line was halved after the 3-day ASA treatment which may indicate that inflammatory reactions are elicited by exhausting contractions and affect the EMG changes.

Published
2001

37. Changes in maximal performance of inspiratory and skeletal muscles during and after the 7.1-MPa Hydra 10 record human dive

Author

Pierre Fontanari, Ch. Guillot, Monique Badier, Charles Tomei, Yves Jammes, Bernard Gardette, Henri Burnet, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Respiratoire, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Groupe d'étude des réseaux moteurs - GERM (GERMG), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Photochimie moléculaire et macromoléculaire (PMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Respiratoire (UPRES EA 2201), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut Fédératif de Recherches Jean ROCHE (IFR 11)-Faculté de Médecine Nord, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Groupe d'étude des réseaux moteurs - GERM ( GERMG ), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Photochimie moléculaire et macromoléculaire ( PMM ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physiology, Decompression, Nitrogen, Diving, Biology, Helium, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Isometric Contraction, Respiration, medicine, Respiratory muscle, Pressure, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Respiratory system, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Temperature, Skeletal muscle, General Medicine, Anatomy, Hand, Respiratory Muscles, medicine.anatomical_structure, Anesthesia, Muscle Fatigue, Breathing, Adductor muscles, medicine.symptom, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle contraction, Hydrogen
Abstract

During the 7.1-MPa hydrogen-helium-oxygen record human dive, we tested the hypothesis that the increased ambient pressure would alter the maximal muscle performance, specifically that breathing dense gas would lead to fatigue of the respiratory muscle. A group of hand muscles (adductor pollicis, AP) and the inspiratory muscles (IM) were studied in three professional divers. Maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) of AP and maximal inspiratory pressure (P(i(max))) generated by IM were measured prior to the dive, during compression and decompression, and then 1 and 2 months after the dive. The decrease in MVC (-22%) was significant at 3.1 MPa, i.e. at the beginning of the introduction of hydrogen into the breathing mixture, whereas P(i(max)) fell progressively during the dive and decompression (maximal DeltaP(i(max)) = -55%), a significant reduction still being measured 1 month after the dive. The altered IM function was attributed to the consequences of long-term ventilatory loading, a condition associated with breathing a dense gas. The transient decrease in MVC of the skeletal muscle would indicate a possible effect of the hyperbaric environment, possibly the high partial pressure of hydrogen, on neuromuscular drive.

Published
2000

38. Nasal eupnoeic inhalation of cold, dry a airway increases airway resistance in asthmatic patients

Author

Pierre Fontanari, Yves Jammes, Marie Caroline Zattara‐Hartmann, Henri Burnet, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Groupe d'étude des réseaux moteurs - GERM ( GERMG ), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Respiratoire (UPRES EA 2201), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut Fédératif de Recherches Jean ROCHE (IFR 11)-Faculté de Médecine Nord, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Groupe d'étude des réseaux moteurs - GERM (GERMG), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Specific Airway Conductance, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Airway resistance, Reference Values, Administration, Inhalation, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Nose, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Rhinitis, Asthma, Analysis of Variance, Bronchus, Inhalation, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Airway Resistance, Respiration, Respiratory disease, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Respiratory Function Tests, respiratory tract diseases, 3. Good health, Cold Temperature, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Anesthesia, Breathing, Carbachol, Female, Bronchial Hyperreactivity, business
Abstract

The aim of this study was to establish a relationship between bronchial hyperreactivity to carbachol and reflex bronchomotor response to the activation of cold receptors in the nose, and also to examine whether any differences exist between asthmatic patients with or without symptoms of rhinitis. The changes in interrupting resistance (Rint) induced by nasal eupnoeic inhalation of cold (-5 degrees C) dry air were measured in 22 normal subjects and in 18 asthmatic patients (nine of whom had asthma with rhinitis and nine without) with bronchial hyperreactivity to carbachol. In normal individuals, nasal cold air challenge induced a significant increase in Rint (+31%). This was also the case in asthmatic patients (asthma with rhinitis +49%; asthma alone +40%), but the increase was not significantly larger than for normal individuals. The magnitude of Rint increase induced by nasal cold air breathing was correlated with the sensitivity to carbachol (defined as the dose inducing a 50% increase in specific airway conductance (D50)) in asthmatic patients with symptoms of rhinitis. These observations suggest that airway hyperreactivity is associated with enhanced bronchoconstrictor response to the activation of nasal cold receptors, particularly when rhinitis is present.

Published
1997

39. Changes in airway resistance induced by nasal inhalation of cold dry, dry, or moist air in normal individuals

Author

Marie Caroline Zattara‐Hartmann, Yves Jammes, Pierre Fontanari, Henri Burnet, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Groupe d'étude des réseaux moteurs - GERM (GERMG), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Respiratoire (UPRES EA 2201), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut Fédératif de Recherches Jean ROCHE (IFR 11)-Faculté de Médecine Nord, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Groupe d'étude des réseaux moteurs - GERM ( GERMG ), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Physiology, Vital Capacity, Cholinergic Antagonists, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Animal science, Airway resistance, Reference Values, Physiology (medical), Forced Expiratory Volume, Administration, Inhalation, Reflex, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Respiratory system, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Inhalation, Chemistry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Airway Resistance, Cold air, Humidity, Middle Aged, Cold Temperature, Nasal Mucosa, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Reference values, Anesthesia, Pharynx, Respiratory control, Female, Mechanoreceptors, Respiratory tract
Abstract

Fontanari, Pierre, Henri Burnet, Marie Caroline Zattara-Hartmann, and Yves Jammes. Changes in airway resistance induced by nasal inhalation of cold dry, dry, or moist air in normal individuals. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(4): 1739–1743, 1996.—Nasopulmonary bronchomotor reflexes elicited by mechanical or irritant stimulation of the nose have been described in animals and asthmatic patients. However, few studies were devoted to the consequences of nasal breathing of cold and dry air or of only dry or only moist air on the bronchomotor control in normal individuals. The present study reported changes in interruption resistance (Rint) measured during eupneic breathing of moderately cold (−4 or −10°C) and dry [0.3% relative humidity (RH)] air or of room air at 23°C that is either dry (0.3% RH) or moist (97% RH). Nasal inhalation of cold (−4°C) dry air or of only dry air significantly increased baseline Rint value (17 and 21%, respectively) throughout the 15-min test periods. The response to cold was significantly accentuated when the air temperature was lowered to −10°C (42%). After nasal anesthesia or inhalation of a cholinergic antagonist, cold air did not induce a change in Rint. Nasal inhalation of moist room air had no effect. No Rint changes were measured during oral breathing of the three test agents. It is concluded that the activation of cold receptors or osmoreceptors in the nasal mucosa induces protective bronchoconstrictor responses in normal individuals.

Published
1996

40. Resistive loaded breathing changes the motor drive to arm and leg muscles in man

Author

Marie Caroline Zattara‐Hartmann, Ghislaine Vuillon-Cacciuttolo, Pierre Fontanari, Yves Jammes, Emmanuel Balzamo, Françoise Lagier-Tessonnier, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Respiratoire (UPRES EA 2201), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut Fédératif de Recherches Jean ROCHE (IFR 11)-Faculté de Médecine Nord, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Contraction (grammar), Knee Joint, Movement, Respiratory physiology, Electromyography, Biceps, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Functional residual capacity, Internal medicine, Elbow, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Respiratory system, Muscle, Skeletal, Lung, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Phrenic nerve, Leg, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Airway Resistance, General Neuroscience, 030229 sport sciences, Anatomy, Middle Aged, Thumb, Muscle Fatigue, Arm, Respiratory Mechanics, Reflex, Cardiology, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Breathing through inspiratory or expiratory resistive loads activates respiratory afferents. In healthy individuals, we explored the recruitment of motor units in arm (adductor pollicis, AP and biceps branchialis, BB) and leg (vastus lateralis, VL) muscle groups during voluntary contractions sustained at 80% of maximal force. Quantitative EMG analysis consisted of measurement of energies in high (EH) and low (EL) frequency bands. EH and EL changes were measured at constant time, i.e. 10 and 20 s after the onset of plateau contraction. The resistive load was added to the inspiratory or the expiratory circuit for 10-min periods. Its value was high but not enough to induce changes in blood gases and blood pressure. Compared to muscle contractions performed during non-loaded breathing periods, inspiratory loading did not affect BB and VL contractions, whereas it induced significant changes in AP contraction, characterized by enhanced variations in EL value measured at 10 s. Expiratory loading affected solely the VP contraction. Then, EH decreased at 10 and 20 s while it increased always when VP contractions were executed during non-loaded breathing. Expiratory loading elevated the functional residual capacity (FRC), but the load-induced changes in VL contraction persisted when subjects adjusted their FRC to the control level. These data suggest that respiratory afferents influence the skeleto-motor drive. Thus, viscero-somatic reflex may be present in patients with severe obstructive pulmonary disease.

Published
1996

41. Can stereotype threat affect motor performance in the absence of explicit monitoring processes?: Evidence using a strength task

Author

Jeanick Brisswalter, Rémi Radel, Aïna Chalabaev, Stephen A. Coombes, Christopher S. Easthope, Corentin Clément-Guillotin, Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Laboratory of Human Motricity, Education Sport and Health, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France The Ohio State University, UNITED STATES, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, Muscle Strength Dynamometer, Negative stereotype, 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental psychology, [ SDV.NEU.SC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rate of force development, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Muscle Strength, 10. No inequality, Applied Psychology, Motor skill, Stereotyping, 05 social sciences, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, 030229 sport sciences, Emotion Cognition et Comportement, Self Concept, Stereotype threat, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Muscle strength, Female, Psychology, Psychomotor Performance
Abstract

International audience; Previous evidence shows that stereotype threat impairs complex motor skills through increased conscious monitoring of task performance. Given that one-step motor skills may not be susceptible to these processes, we examined whether performance on a simple strength task may be reduced under stereotype threat. Forty females and males performed maximum voluntary contractions under stereotypical or nullified-stereotype conditions. Results showed that the velocity of force production within the first milliseconds of the contraction decreased in females when the negative stereotype was induced, whereas maximal force did not change. In males, the stereotype induction only increased maximal force. These findings suggest that stereotype threat may impair motor skills in the absence of explicit monitoring processes, by influencing the planning stage of force production.

42. Comparison of sEMG processing methods during whole-body vibration exercise

Author

Serge S. Colson, Karin Lienhard, Olivier Meste, Aline Cabasson, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia-Antipolis (I3S) / Equipe SIGNAL, Signal, Images et Systèmes ( SIS ), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis ( I3S ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis ( I3S ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Signal, Images et Systèmes (Laboratoire I3S - SIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Intraclass correlation, Acoustics, Biophysics, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Linear interpolation, Band-stop filter, Vibration, Humans, Whole body vibration, [ SDV.IB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Muscle, Skeletal, Exercise, Mathematics, Electromyography, Spectral density, Filter (signal processing), Female, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Neurology (clinical), [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Algorithms, Interpolation
Abstract

International audience; The objective was to investigate the influence of surface electromyography (sEMG) processing methods on the quantification of muscle activity during whole-body vibration (WBV) exercises. sEMG activity was recorded while the participants performed squats on the platform with and without WBV. The spikes observed in the sEMG spectrum at the vibration frequency and its harmonics were deleted using state-of-the-art methods, i.e. (1) a band-stop filter, (2) a band-pass filter, and (3) spectral linear interpolation. The same filtering methods were applied on the sEMG during the no-vibration trial. The linear interpolation method showed the highest intraclass correlation coefficients (no vibration: 0.999, WBV: 0.757-0.979) with the comparison measure (unfiltered sEMG during the no-vibration trial), followed by the band-stop filter (no vibration: 0.929-0.975, WBV: 0.661-0.938). While both methods introduced a systematic bias (P

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results