1. Helicobacter pylori-negative Chronic Gastritis in Children
- Author
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Amit Assa, Osvaldo Borrelli, Ilse Broekaert, Marco Deganello Saccomani, Jernej Dolinsek, Javier Martin-de-Carpi, Emmanuel Mas, Erasmo Miele, Sara Sila, Mike Thomson, Christos Tzivinikos, Marc A. Benninga, Pediatric surgery, Paediatric Gastroenterology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), Assa, Amit, Borrelli, Osvaldo, Broekaert, Ilse, Saccomani, Marco Deganello, Dolinsek, Jernej, Martin-de-Carpi, Javier, Mas, Emmanuel, Miele, Erasmo, Sila, Sara, Thomson, Mike, Tzivinikos, Christo, and Benninga, Marc A
- Subjects
Adult ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Helicobacter pylori ,Gastritis ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Eosinophilia ,Gastroenterology ,Humans ,Child ,Enteritis ,Helicobacter Infections - Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To systematically review the current evidence on Helicobacter pylori-negative chronic gastritis including natural history, available therapies and outcomes. METHODS: Articles providing data on the prevalence, treatment or outcomes of Helicobacter pylori-negative gastritis were identified through a systematic search in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. All original research articles from human studies until October 31, 2021, were included. RESULTS: A total of 54 studies were included consisted of eosinophilic gastritis (n = 9), autoimmune gastritis (n = 11), collagenous gastritis (n = 16), focally enhanced gastritis (n = 6), lymphocytic gastritis (n = 5) and other causes including idiopathic gastritis and chronic renal failure related (n = 7). Most of the included studies were either cross-sectional or longitudinal cohorts except for collagenous gastritis, which mainly included case reports and case series. The prevalence of paediatric eosinophilic gastritis ranges between 5 and 7/100,000 and patients have generally favourable outcome with 50% to 70% clinical and histological response to either corticosteroids or elimination diets. Autoimmune gastritis and collagenous gastritis are extremely rare entities, commonly present with refractory iron deficiency anaemia, while lymphocytic gastritis is relatively common (10%-45%) in children with coeliac disease. Data on treatments and outcomes of autoimmune, collagenous, and focally enhanced gastritis are lacking with limited data implying poor response to therapy in the former 2 diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: Helicobacter pylori-negative gastritis is uncommonly reported, mainly in small cohorts, mixed adult-paediatric cohorts or as sporadic case reports. As common symptoms are not specific, thus not always result in an endoscopic evaluation, the true prevalence of these distinct disorders may be underestimated, and thus under reported.
- Published
- 2022