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Background Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome (ARS) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary disease characterized primarily by maldevelopment of the anterior segment of both eyes, accompanied by developmental glaucoma, and other congenital anomalies. FOXC1 and PITX2 genes play important roles in the development of ARS. Case presentation The present report describes a 7-year-old boy with iris dysplasia, displaced pupils, and congenital glaucoma in both eyes. The patient presented with a congenital atrial septal defect and sublingual cyst. The patient’s family has no clinical manifestations. Next generation sequencing identified a pathogenic heterozygous missense variant in FOXC1 gene (NM_001453:c. 246C>A, p. S82R) in the patient. Sanger sequencing confirmed this result, and this mutation was not detected in the other three family members. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, the results of our study reveal a novel mutation in the FOXC1 gene associated with ARS.

Meyer divided the cysts of the floor of the m into 3 groups Histologically: epidermoid, dermoid, and teratoid. Although dermoid cysts represent a separate entity, the term “dermoid” is generally used to indicate all 3 categories. Anatomically, 3 different types of dermoid cysts can be distinguished as median genioglossal (sublingual), median geniohyoid (submental), and lateral, according to the anatomic relationship between the cyst and the muscles of the floor of the mouth. Dermoid cysts generally present as slowly and progressively growing lesions, and even if they are congenital, a diagnosis is normally made in the second or third decade of life. 3 The treatment for dermoid cysts a surgical excision, which can be intraoral or extraoral according to the location and size of the mass. We report a case of a 3-month-old infant with 2 dermoid cysts of the sublingual and submental region. The lesions were surgically removed using the intraoral and extraoral approaches. Multiple dermoid cysts in an infant are extremely uncommon and the purpose of this paper is to report this rare presentation.

A ranula is an extravasational cyst arising from the sublingual gland. The "cyst" cavity does not have an epithelial lining, and because of this is notoriously difficult to eliminate. Usual treatment requires complete excision of the sublingual gland, exteriorizing the gland through establishment of a secondary ductal structure by placement of a long-term indwelling catheter, or packing, all requiring patient compliance. Unroofing alone is often followed by recurrence via resealing or closure with formation of a new roof. The accompanying scarring and damage to additional ducts may also result in recurrence. Combining unroofing with a technique that would prevent resealing of the remaining portion, scarify the base of the ranula to eliminate residual glandular acini, and be more comfortable and non-interfering with the daily activity of the patient, is an acceptable object of treatment of a ranula. The use of a water-based laser system to accomplish these goals appears to be a desirable and simple method.

A carbon dioxide laser in a defocused beam was used to vaporize four ranulas and four were treated by a combination of focused beam excision of the dome and vaporization of the wall and base. There was no recurrence in any patient at 6 months and no complications were noted.

A case is reported of a papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the sublingual gland which presented as a ranula. This is both rare in site and mode of presentation.

The conventional treatment of ranula is surgical procedure. We report an innovative method for ranula by using botulinum toxin type A on 3 patients. All 3 cases of ranula resolved after this minimally invasive therapy. The treatment complication was minimal.

We present a case of a child with an intralingual ranula in whom magnetic resonance clearly defined the extent of the lesion and suggested its cystic nature

A case report of a 36-year-old man with a plunging ranula of 15 years' duration, in which squamous cell carcinoma arose from the cyst wall, is presented. Pathogenesis and treatment of ranulas is briefly discussed.

A sublingual teratoid cyst was excised without complication from a 4-month-old infant. Teratoid cysts of the mouth are rare, and generally diagnosed in adults. The differential diagnosis and approach to sublingual lesions in the infant are reviewed.

Ce rapport decrit un cas de grenouillette plongeante et les observations radio-cliniques operatoires et histopathologiques dans le but d'apporter de nouvelles informations sur les aspects de l'evolution naturelle de cette lesion qui sont encore relativement obscurs