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Presbyopia is a physiological aging situation that the plasticity and elasticity of the lens and the function of the ciliary muscle become weaker, resulting in a decreased accommodation and inability to focus on near objects. Nowadays, there are many clinical strategies to correct presbyopia, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages, however, there is no true sense of way to restore accommodation function. This article reviews both worldwide and domestic research on presbyopia, and analyzes and summaries the status quo as well as research progress of presbyopia correction modalities, surgical approaches, and drug therapies, hoping to provide a reference for clinical works.老视是指随着年龄增长，晶状体的可塑性和弹性下降，睫状肌功能变弱，导致眼的调节幅度下降，进而使近距离工作和阅读发生困难的生理老化现象。目前临床治疗老视的方法众多，各有优劣，但尚无真正意义改善调节功能的方法。本文汇总国内外老视治疗的相关研究，就老视治疗中的戴镜矫正治疗、手术治疗和药物治疗的现状及进展进行分析和总结，以期为临床开展工作提供参考。.

Nanomaterials have been used in many aspects of ophthalmic treatment. By emphasizing the ubiquitous characteristics of nanoparticles and composites, we first explained their relatively mature applications in drug delivery. Then we reviewed the research on nanomaterials in regenerative medicine and gene therapy in recent years. We also discussed the main limitations of the wider application of nanomaterials in ophthalmology: stability, biotoxicity and preclinical-clinical differences. The development of efficient and non-toxic nanomaterials, combined with appropriate transportation systems and application occasions, will provide more possibilities for the future application of nanomaterials in ophthalmic treatments.纳米材料已应用于眼科治疗的各个领域。本文通过强调纳米粒子及复合物的特性，先阐述了其在药物递送方面较成熟的应用，再综述了它们在再生医学和基因治疗方面的研究，还讨论了纳米材料在眼科医学上应用的主要限制-稳定性、生物毒性和临床前-临床差异。在恰当的运输系统和运用场合开发高效、无毒的纳米材料，将为纳米材料在眼科治疗中的未来应用提供更多可能。.

To explore the efficacy and value of personalized surgical schemes in the repair of maxillary sinus perforation and maxillary sinus fistula based on the size of the maxillary sinus perforation and maxillary sinus fistula. A total of 28 patients with maxillary sinus perforation and maxillary sinus fistula who were admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University from July 2017 to May 2020 were included to conduct a prospective case clinical study. After the inflammation in the maxillary sinus was controlled, a proper surgical repair method was selected according to the size of the perforation and fistula based on the double-layer closure technique. The diameter of the perforation and fistula was measured with the assistance of cone-beam CT. After that, the platelet rich fibrin (PRF) repair was performed on the perforation and fistula with 3 mm≤diameter7 mm in size in 14 patients. The PRF repair and buccal flap repair were performed on the perforation and fistula with 7 mm ≤diameter15 mm in size in 7 patients. The adjacent buccal pad repair, palatine flap repair, and buccal flap repair were performed on the perforation and fistula with 15 mm≤ diameter25 mm in size in 4 patients. The nasolabial axial flap repair and nasolabial free flap repair were performed on the perforation and fistula with a diameter ≥25 mm in size in 3 patients. The medical follow-up was conducted in all patients in the 1st, 2nd, and 4th week after surgery, with an overall success rate reaching 96.4% (27/28) after the initial intervention. The relapse of disease occurred in one patient (4.6%) with diabetes and a smoking history in the 2nd week after surgery. Identifying a proper surgical repair method according to the size of the oral and maxillary sinus perforation and maxillary sinus fistula based on the double-layer closure technique can improve the one-time cure rate in these patients under the premise that the inflammation in the maxillary sinus can be controlled.根据患者上颌窦穿孔及上颌窦瘘孔大小，选择个性化手术方案，探索在口腔上颌窦穿孔及上颌窦瘘修复中的应用疗效和意义。纳入2017年7月至2020年5月就诊于昆明医科大学附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科的口腔上颌窦穿孔及上颌窦瘘患者28例，进行前瞻性病例临床研究。在保证上颌窦内炎症得以控制的情况下，以双层封闭技术为核心，根据穿孔及瘘孔的大小选择相应的手术修复方法。通过锥形束CT测量穿孔和瘘孔直径大小，对直径≥3 mm且7 mm的14例患者，采用富血小板纤维蛋白（platelet rich fibrin，PRF）填充修复法；对直径≥7 mm且15 mm 的7例患者，采用PRF+颊侧组织瓣修复方法；对直径≥15 mm且25 mm的4例患者，采用邻位颊脂垫组织瓣+腭侧组织瓣+颊侧组织瓣重叠修复法；对直径≥25 mm的3例患者，采用鼻唇沟轴型皮瓣或鼻唇沟任意皮瓣修复法。所有患者在术后第1、2、4周随访检查，初次干预后总成功率为96.4%（27/28）；1例（4.6%）患者术后第2周复发。在保证上颌窦内炎症得以控制的情况下，以双层封闭技术为核心，根据穿孔及瘘孔的大小程度选择相应的手术修复方法，可提高口腔与上颌窦穿孔及上颌窦瘘的一次性治愈率。.

Hepatic fibrosis is a response to various types of hepatic injury, which can lead to cirrhosis and its complications. In recent years, in patients with viral hepatitis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, autoimmune liver disease and others the fibrosis or even early cirrhosis can be regressed if the etiology are controlled. Liver biopsy is still the gold standard for assessing fibrosis reversal, but non-invasive methods such as transient elastography hold great promise due to the ease to use for dynamic monitoring. Mechanisms of hepatic fibrosis reversal include extracellular matrix degradation, hepatocyte regeneration, and vascular remodeling. Presently, novel agents targeting the steps of fibrosis are urgently need for achieving regression of liver fibrosis.肝纤维化是肝脏对损伤的一种修复反应，如持续进展就会导致肝硬化及其并发症。近年来发现病毒性肝炎、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、酒精性肝病、自身免疫性肝病等，在控制病因后肝纤维化甚至肝硬化均可以逆转。逆转的评价金标准仍是肝活检，瞬时弹性成像等无创指标用于动态监测，有很好的前景。逆转的机制包括细胞外基质的降解、肝细胞再生及血管重构等。目前需针对肝纤维化关键靶点的治疗药物。.

There has been a steady rise in antimicrobial resistance among common pathogens in Malaysia. This study aims to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activities of ceftazidime-avibactam and its comparators against clinical isolates of Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected in Malaysia from 2013 to 2019, and to determine the rates of resistance among these isolates.In this retrospective study, four participating study centres located in East (N = 1) and West (N = 3) Malaysia contributed to the collection of clinical isolates of Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa from 2013 to 2019. Antimicrobial minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and percentage susceptibilities were interpreted according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints, except for tigecycline and colistin, which utilised the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints, respectively.A total of 1,073 isolates of Enterobacterales and 332 isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected in Malaysia from the four centres. Among Enterobacterales isolates, the highest percentages of susceptibility were seen with ceftazidimeavibactam (99.2%), meropenem (98.9%), and tigecycline (96.9%). Whereas P. aeruginosa isolates demonstrated the highest susceptibilities to colistin (95.6%), followed by ceftazidime-avibactam (93.1%) and cefepime (87.1%). All metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-negative isolates of Enterobacterales, including ceftazidime-nonsusceptible, meropenem-nonsusceptible, and colistin-resistant phenotypes, were susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam. Furthermore, ceftazidime-avibactam demonstrated the highest percentage of susceptibility (97.1%) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates of Enterobacterales.Ceftazidime-avibactam exhibited potent in vitro activity against clinical isolates of Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa collected in Malaysia from 2013 to 2019. The results of this study show that ceftazidime-avibactam should be considered in the treatment of indicated infections caused by susceptible strains of aerobic Gramnegative pathogens and is a valuable alternative to carbapenems.

Chimeric-antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy employs autologous-T cells modified with an antigen-specific CAR. Current CAR-T manufacturing processes tend to yield products dominated by effector T cells and relatively small proportions of long-lived memory T cells. Those few cells are a so-called stem cell memory T (T

巨噬细胞活化综合征是一种自身免疫病继发的噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增生症，临床表现为发热、肝脾大、全血细胞减少、肝功能不全、凝血异常、高甘油三酯血症、高铁蛋白等，骨髓有噬血细胞现象，其分子机制可能与CD8

Due to the durability and persistence of reservoirs of HIV-1-infected cells, combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) is insufficient in eradicating infection. Achieving HIV-1 cure or sustained remission without ART treatment will require the enhanced and persistent effective antiviral immune responses. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells have emerged as a powerful immunotherapy and show promise in treating HIV-1 infection. Persistence, trafficking, and maintenance of function remain to be a challenge in many of these approaches, which are based on peripheral T cell modification. To overcome many of these issues, we have previously demonstrated successful long-term engraftment and production of anti-HIV CAR T cells in modified hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vivo. Here we report the development and in vivo testing of second generation CD4-based CARs (CD4CAR) against HIV-1 infection using a HSCs-based approach. We found that a modified, truncated CD4-based CAR (D1D2CAR) allows better CAR-T cell differentiation from gene modified HSCs, and maintains similar CTL activity as compared to the full length CD4-based CAR. In addition, D1D2CAR does not mediate HIV infection or stimulation mediated by IL-16, suggesting lower risk of off-target effects. Interestingly, stimulatory domains of 4-1BB but not CD28 allowed successful hematopoietic differentiation and improved anti-viral function of CAR T cells from CAR modified HSCs. Addition of 4-1BB to CD4 based CARs led to faster suppression of viremia during early untreated HIV-1 infection. D1D2CAR 4-1BB mice had faster viral suppression in combination with ART and better persistence of CAR T cells during ART. In summary, our data indicate that the D1D2CAR-41BB is a superior CAR, showing better HSC differentiation, viral suppression and persistence, and less deleterious functions compared to the original CD4CAR, and should continue to be pursued as a candidate for clinical study., Author summary Engineering T cells with anti-HIV chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) has emerged as a promising strategy to control HIV infection through a genetic vaccination strategy. Here we report a novel CAR-based approach targeting HIV infection using the genetic modification of blood forming hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). This novel CAR approach uses a modified HIV receptor molecule (the primary HIV receptor CD4) as well as anti-HIV agents to modify HSCs to allow them to develop into cells that are protected from HIV infection and target HIV infected cells for the life of the individual. We found this latest generation of CARs successfully modified and allowed in vivo engraftment that resulted in the development of effective anti-HIV CAR T cells with robust memory formation and viral control. Our study highlights the identification of a next-generation CAR molecule that protected cells from infection, targeted and reduced HIV burdens, and serves as an ideal developmental candidate for further clinical studies.

In April 2016, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) adjusted its polio vaccination strategy, converting trivalent oral polio vaccine (tOPV) into bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV), and withdrawing type 2 oral polio vaccine (OPV2) globally. However, after the withdrawal of OPV2, there were many outbreaks of type-2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2) in Asia and Africa. In order to eradicate poliovirus completely, GPEI launched the research and development of the novel serotype 2 oral polio vaccine (nOPV2) in 2010 and considering whether it is necessary to reuse OPV. This paper summarizes the epidemiological situation of cVDPV2 before and after OPV2's withdrawal, the related factors affecting the reuse of OPV and the related research progress of nOPV2.全球消灭脊髓灰质炎行动（GPEI）于2016年4月调整脊髓灰质炎疫苗免疫接种战略，将三价口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（tOPV）转换为二价口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（bOPV），并在全球全面撤出Ⅱ型口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗（OPVⅡ）。然而在OPVⅡ撤出以后，亚洲和非洲多地暴发Ⅱ型循环疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒（cVDPVⅡ）。为了彻底消灭脊髓灰质炎病毒，GPEI于2010年启动研发新型Ⅱ型口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗（nOPVⅡ），并于近年开始考虑是否有必要重启OPV。本文概述了OPVⅡ撤出前后cVDPVⅡ的流行病学情况，影响OPV重启的相关因素以及nOPVⅡ相关研究进展。.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) directed to HIV-1 have shown promise at suppressing viremia in animal models. However, the use of bNAbs for the central nervous system (CNS) infection is confounded by poor penetration of the blood brain barrier (BBB). Typically, antibody concentrations in the CNS are extremely low; with levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) only 0.1% of blood concentrations. Using a novel nanotechnology platform, which we term nanocapsules, we show effective transportation of the human bNAb PGT121 across the BBB in infant rhesus macaques upon systemic administration up to 1.6% of plasma concentration. We demonstrate that a single dose of PGT121 encased in nanocapsules when delivered at 48h post-infection delays early acute infection with SHIVSF162P3 in infants, with one of four animals demonstrating viral clearance. Importantly, the nanocapsule delivery of PGT121 improves suppression of SHIV infection in the CNS relative to controls., Author summary In patients where HIV-1 is fully suppressed by antiretroviral drugs, HIV-1 still persists in reservoirs. If antiretroviral drugs are stopped, the virus will emerge from these reservoirs and re-seeds systemically. The central nervous system (CNS) is proposed to be a tissue compartment that harbors other HIV-1 reservoirs. A key obstacle that constrains the treatment for the CNS infection is the blood–brain barrier (BBB), a highly restrictive barrier separating the circulating blood from the brain and extracellular fluid in the CNS, which impedes ~98% of the small molecule therapeutics and almost all macromolecules including broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) directed to HIV-1. Our “nanocapsule” strategy is based on a nanotechnology wherein bNAb molecules are encapsulated within nanocapsules of which the surface contains abundant choline and acetylcholine analogues. This design allows the nanocapsules to effectively cross the BBB to deliver bNAbs into the CNS upon systemic administration and show an impact of bNAb on CNS reservoirs in SHIV infected infant macaques.

BackgroundDespite the numerous applications of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in cancer therapeutics, animal models available to test the therapeutic efficacy of new mAbs are limited. NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) mice are one of the most highly immunodeficient strains and are universally used as a model for testing cancer-targeting mAbs. However, this strain lacks several factors necessary to fully support antibody-mediated effector functions—including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis, and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC)—due to the absence of immune cells as well as a mutation in the Hc gene, which is needed for a functional complement system.MethodsWe have developed a humanized mouse model using a novel NSG strain, NOD.Cg−Hc1Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG−Hc1), which contains the corrected mutation in the Hc gene to support CDC in addition to other mechanisms endowed by humanization. With this model, we reevaluated the anticancer efficacies of nanoencapsulated rituximab after xenograft of the human Burkitt lymphoma cell line 2F7-BR44.ResultsAs expected, xenografted humanized NSG−Hc1 mice supported superior lymphoma clearance of native rituximab compared with the parental NSG strain. Nanoencapsulated rituximab with CXCL13 conjugation as a targeting ligand for lymphomas further enhanced antilymphoma activity in NSG−Hc1 mice and, more importantly, mediated antilymphoma cellular responses.ConclusionsThese results indicate that NSG−Hc1 mice can serve as a feasible model for both studying antitumor treatment using cancer targeting as well as understanding induction mechanisms of antitumor cellular immune response.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with CCR5– donor cells is the only treatment known to cure HIV-1 in patients with underlying malignancy. This is likely due to a donor cell–mediated graft-versus-host effect targeting HIV reservoirs. Allo-HSCT would not be an acceptable therapy for most people living with HIV due to the transplant-related side effects. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapies specifically traffic to malignant lymphoid tissues (lymphomas) and, in some settings, are able to replace allo-HSCT. Here, we quantified the engraftment of HSC-derived, virus-directed CAR T cells within HIV reservoirs in a macaque model of HIV infection, using potentially novel IHC assays. HSC-derived CAR cells trafficked to and displayed multilineage engraftment within tissue-associated viral reservoirs, persisting for nearly 2 years in lymphoid germinal centers, the brain, and the gastrointestinal tract. Our findings demonstrate that HSC-derived CAR+ cells reside long-term and proliferate in numerous tissues relevant for HIV infection and cancer.

Ferroptosis is a new programmed cell death characterized by iron dependent and intracellular oxidative accumulation. Current studies have confirmed that ferroptosis is involved in the occurrence and development of neurotoxicity injury, tumors, cardiovascular diseases and other diseases. This paper reviews the mechanisms of ferroptosis and its role in related diseases based on recent studies.铁死亡是以铁依赖性的、细胞内氧化堆积为主要特征的新型细胞死亡方式。目前研究表明铁死亡参与神经毒性损伤、肿瘤、心血管疾病等多种疾病的发生发展过程。我们围绕铁死亡的发生机制及其与相关疾病的关系进行综述。.

人口老龄化和老年人的多种慢性基础性疾病并发给医疗卫生系统带来了严峻挑战。感染性疾病对老年人危害严重，而接种疫苗是预防感染最经济有效的手段。本文主要通过回顾分析流感病毒、肺炎链球菌、水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）感染对老年人造成的健康和经济负担，以及相应疫苗的作用、效果及接种必要性，提出一系列促进老年人接种疫苗的措施建议，一是提升老年人和医务人员对疾病和疫苗的认识，加强科普宣传；二是倡导医防协同，鼓励医务人员为"适龄人群"开具疫苗健康处方；三是提升新型疫苗的研发和生产供应能力；四是制定和开发政策，解决支付障碍，提升接种便利性。通过综合措施提高疫苗接种率，降低感染性疾病和相关并发症的发生风险，提升老年人健康水平和生活生命质量，减轻社会和家庭的经济负担，降低医疗资源负荷，助力健康中国行动。.

The etiological factors of portal hypertension are different. Therefore, there are many types of esophagogastric varices and the combined diseases are serious. However, with the continuous development of treatment technology, the importance of multidisciplinary team in the management of portal hypertension has gradually become well-known. Importantly, finding problems from the case discussion, summarizing the characteristics, conducting further clinical studies to evaluate the effect of endoscopic treatment on varicose veins, improving the safety of tissue adhesives therapy through the technological innovation, summarizing the treatment experience from treatment failure, and paying attention to the pathological examination of unexplained portal hypertension, and the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment under special circumstances through multidisciplinary team has provided us high-quality clinical research evidence for different phases and different treatment plan, and recognized the risk assessment and personalized precise diagnosis and treatment in patients with portal hypertension.门静脉高压的病因各异，食管胃静脉曲张类型多样，合并疾病危重，随着治疗技术的不断进展，门静脉高压多学科团队协作的重要性逐渐凸显。从病例讨论中发现问题，总结特点，进一步通过开展临床研究评价内镜治疗静脉曲张的效果，通过技术创新提高组织胶治疗的安全性，从失败中总结治疗经验，重视不明原因门静脉高压的病理学检查，对特殊状态门静脉高压的多学科综合诊疗。为门静脉高压患者不同阶段和不同状态的治疗选择提供高质量临床研究证据，实现对门静脉高压患者的风险分层和个体化精准诊疗。.

A novel approach enables a direct comparison of anti-HIV– and non–gene-modified stem-cell engraftment in an HIV-1–infected host., Despite advances in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) transplant for HIV-1–infected patients, the impact of a preexisting HIV-1 infection on the engraftment and clonal repopulation of HSPCs remains poorly understood. We have developed a long terminal repeat indexing-mediated integration site sequencing (LTRi-Seq) method that provides a multiplexed clonal quantitation of both anti–HIV-1 RNAi (RNA interference) gene-modified and control vector-modified cell populations, together with HIV-1–infected cells—all within the same animal. In our HIV-1–preinfected humanized mice, both therapeutic and control HSPCs repopulated efficiently without abnormalities. Although the HIV-1–mediated selection of anti–HIV-1 RNAi-modified clones was evident in HIV-1–infected mice, the organ-to-organ and intra-organ clonal distributions in infected mice were indistinguishable from those in uninfected mice. HIV-1–infected cells showed clonal patterns distinct from those of HSPCs. Our data demonstrate that, despite the substantial impact of HIV-1 infection on CD4+ T cells, HSPC repopulation remains polyclonal, thus supporting the use of HSPC transplant for anti-HIV treatment.

Since December 2019, COVID-19, a new emerging infection disease, has spread in 27 countries and regions. The clusters of many cases were reported with the epidemic progresses. We collected currently available information for 377 COVID-19 clusters (1 719 cases), excluded the hospital clusters and Hubei cases, during the period from January 1 to February 20, 2020. There were 297 family clusters (79%), case median was 4; 39 clusters of dining (10%), case median was 5; 23 clusters of shopping malls or supermarkets (6%), case median was 13; 12 clusters of work units (3%), case median was 6, and 6 clusters of transportation. We selected 325 cases to estimate the incubation period and its range was 1 to 20 days, median was 7 days, and mode was 4 days. The analysis of the epidemic situation in a department store in China indicated that there was a possibility of patients as the source of infection during the incubation period of the epidemic. From February 5 to 21, 2020, 634 persons were infected on the Diamond Princess Liner. All persons are susceptible to the 2019 coronavirus. Age, patients during the incubation period and the worse environment might be the cause of the cases rising. The progress of the two typical outbreaks clearly demonstrated the spread of the early cases in Wuhan. In conclusion, screening and isolating close contacts remained essential other than clinical treatment during the epidemic. Especially for the healthy people in the epidemic area, isolation was the key.新型冠状病毒肺炎作为新发传染病，自2019年12月发现以来，全球27个国家和地区已有病例报告。随着疫情的发展，聚集性疫情所占的发病数比例不断增加，尤其是武汉市和湖北省以外地区，暴露来源发生很大变化。本研究收集2020年1月1日至2月20日期间非医疗机构新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情377起（涉及病例1 719例）进行分析。其中，家庭聚集性疫情297起（占79%），确诊病例中位数为4例；聚餐39起（占10%），确诊病例中位数为5例；商场或超市23起（占6%），确诊病例中位数为13例；工作单位12起（占3%），确诊病例中位数为6例；交通工具6起（占2%），确诊病例中位数为6例。依聚集性病例潜伏期估计所需条件，选出325例，推测潜伏期为1~20 d，中位数为7 d，众数为4 d。此外，对国内某百货大楼聚集疫情分析结果提示本次疫情潜伏期患者可能成为传染源。"钻石公主"号邮轮聚集疫情从2月5-21日共634人被确诊感染，各类人群（国籍、年龄、性别）均易感，提示乘客年龄、无症状感染及邮轮内封闭环境可能是导致邮轮后续病例出现间歇同源暴露和人传人增殖模式的主要原因，两起典型疫情的进展清晰地展现了武汉早期病例的播散情况。因此，在疫情防控中，除隔离患者外，追踪、排查和隔离密切接触者及次级接触者至关重要；尤其对于疫区的健康人群，自我隔离是防控关键。.

To clarify the role of LINC00702 in the progression of ovarian cancer (OC) and the potential mechanism.Expression level of LINC00702 in OC tissues and matched normal tissues was detected by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). LINC00702 level in OC cell lines was determined as well. The potential influences of LINC00702 on cellular behaviors of A2780 and HEY cells were evaluated. The subcellular distribution of LINC00702 in A2780 cells was examined. Through RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, the interaction among LINC00702, EZH2, and KLF2 was verified. The rescue experiments were conducted to elucidate the biological function of LINC00702/KLF2 axis in the progression of OC.LINC00702 was upregulated in OC tissues and cell lines. Its level was much higher in OC with worse tumor stage and larger tumor size. The knockdown of LINC00702 attenuated the proliferative ability of A2780 and HEY cells. LINC00702 was mainly distributed in the cell nucleus. The knockdown of LINC00702 or EZH2 downregulated the KLF2 level in the OC cells. The transfection of LINC00702 markedly reduced the occupancy of KLF2 promoter on EZH2 and H3K27me3 relative to IgG. Finally, the knockdown of KLF2 could reverse the regulatory effect of LINC00702 in the proliferative ability of A2780 cells.LINC00702 is upregulated in OC. It accelerates the progression of OC via interacting with EZH2 to inhibit the transcription of KLF2.

We analyzed the project results of preventive medicine from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) finished in 2017 based on the project-ending reports and data on science fund sharing service network. A total of 406 projects in this field were completed in 2017. A total of 3 122 published articles supported by these projects, including 1 789 articles in science citation index (SCI) journals and 525 articles in Chinese core journals. In addition, there were 224 patent application/software copyright and 589 trained postgraduates. The top three sub-disciplines of project were non-communicable disease epidemiology, human nutrition and hygienic toxicology, accounting for 45.32% of the total number of completed projects. There were 12 institutions which had more than 10 finished projects, accounting for 41.87%. During the recent 5 years, the number of SCI articles and patents/software copyrights per project showed a general uptrend. It should be noted that the number of articles in Chinese core journals and postgraduates decreased in recent two years. Our analyses demonstrated that the project results should be guided by the new era policy of science fund to promote sustainable development of scientific research.以国家自然科学基金委员会预防医学相关领域2017年度项目结题报告作为研究对象，并从科学基金共享服务网检索结题项目相关数据，分析该年度的结题项目成果。2017年度结题项目数为406项，发表期刊论文3 122篇，其中SCI期刊论文1 789篇，中文核心期刊论文525篇，申请专利/软件著作权224项，培养研究生589名。结题项目数前3位的分支学科是非传染病流行病学、人类营养和卫生毒理，占结题项目总数的45.32%。12家依托单位的结题项目多于10项，占总数的41.87%，是主要的科研项目承担单位。比较近5年结题项目成果，项均SCI论文数、专利/软件著作权呈上升趋势。但近两年来发表中文核心期刊论文以及培养研究生数量降低，需要引起重视。建议以新时代科学基金的资助导向为方针做好项目结题工作，促进科学研究的可持续发展。.

Although the use of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) based on single-chain antibodies for gene immunotherapy of cancers is increasing due to promising recent results, the earliest CAR therapeutic trials were done for HIV-1 infection in the late 1990s. This approach utilized a CAR based on human CD4 as a binding domain and was abandoned for a lack of efficacy. The growing number of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (BNAbs) offers the opportunity to generate novel CARs that may be more active and revisit this modality for HIV-1 immunotherapy. We used sequences from seven well-defined BNAbs varying in binding sites and generated single-chain-antibody-based CARs. These CARs included 10E8, 3BNC117, PG9, PGT126, PGT128, VRC01, and X5. Each novel CAR exhibited conformationally relevant expression on the surface of transduced cells, mediated specific proliferation and killing in response to HIV-1-infected cells, and conferred potent antiviral activity (reduction of viral replication in log 10 units) to transduced CD8 + T lymphocytes. The antiviral activity of these CARs was reproducible but varied according to the strain of virus. These findings indicated that BNAbs are excellent candidates for developing novel CARs to consider for the immunotherapeutic treatment of HIV-1. IMPORTANCE While chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) using single-chain antibodies as binding domains are growing in popularity for gene immunotherapy of cancers, the earliest human trials of CARs were done for HIV-1 infection. However, those trials failed, and the approach was abandoned for HIV-1. The only tested CAR against HIV-1 was based on the use of CD4 as the binding domain. The growing availability of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (BNAbs) affords the opportunity to revisit gene immunotherapy for HIV-1 using novel CARs based on single-chain antibodies. Here we construct and test a panel of seven novel CARs based on diverse BNAb types and show that all these CARs are functional against HIV-1.

The mechanisms of primary angle closure are complex and varied. It is well known that the anatomic features of iris and lens may have influence on the presence of angle closure. However, the effect of structural features of ciliary body on primary angle closure remain unclear yet. The anterior situation of ciliary processes was extensively proved to be one of the predisposing factors of angle closure. While it's still controversial how the thickness of ciliary body may affect angle closure. Recent researches found that primary angle closure was associated with thinner ciliary body thickness. This review is aimed at introducing current researches of the effects of ciliary processes position and ciliary body thickness on primary angle closure.原发性房角关闭（PAC）的发病机制复杂而多样。前房结构如虹膜、晶状体等的解剖特征可影响房角关闭，而睫状体的解剖特点与PAC的关系目前尚不明确。睫状突前位已被广泛证实为房角关闭发生的危险因素之一，而睫状体厚度对房角关闭的影响尚存在争议，最新研究发现PAC与睫状体厚度较薄有关。本文针对睫状突位置和睫状体厚度与PAC的关系对相关研究现状进行分析和总结，以期为进一步研究提供参考。

As an essential component of immunotherapy, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have emerged as a class of powerful therapeutics for treatment of a broad range of diseases. For central nervous system (CNS) diseases, however, the efficacy remains limited due to their inability to enter the CNS. A platform technology is reported here that enables effective delivery of mAbs to the CNS for brain tumor therapy. This is achieved by encapsulating the mAbs within nanocapsules that contain choline and acetylcholine analogues; such analogues facilitate the penetration of the nanocapsules through the brain-blood barrier and the delivery of mAbs to tumor sites. This platform technology uncages the therapeutic power of mAbs for various CNS diseases that remain poorly treated.