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Chengyue Wu, Angela M. Jarrett, Zijian Zhou, Nabil Elshafeey, Beatriz E. Adrada, Rosalind P. Candelaria, Rania M.M. Mohamed, Medine Boge, Lei Huo, Jason B. White, Debu Tripathy, Vicente Valero, Jennifer K. Litton, Clinton Yam, Jong Bum Son, Jingfei Ma, Gaiane M. Rauch, and Thomas E. Yankeelov

Hannah Wunsch, David V. Pilcher, Edward Litton, Matthew Anstey, Allan Garland, and Hayley B. Gershengorn

Edward Litton, Kim Lawrence, Paul J Young, Shakira Spiller, Cath Townsend, Chris Waite, Lewis T Campbell, Elizabeth Yarad, Nadia Badawi, Joanne Hallam, Mahesh Ramanan, Allison Bone, Elizabeth Doyle, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Sunil Sane, Elaine McGlion, Rand Butcher, Natalie Soar, Phillipa Hillard, Sheena Tom, Mandy Stanley, Fiona Coyer, Amanda O’Donnell, Alexis Tabah, Janet Ferrier, Gail Hanger, Sharon Waterson, J. L. Smith, Tor Topping, Kim Bonnici, Abby McClintock, Jenny Dennett, Rachel L. Bailey, Neeraj Bhadange, Kirsty Masters, Nathalie Ssi Yan Kai, Amy Hartley, Emer Slattery, Annamaria Palermo, Sandra Colica, and Sue Cossar

Tapsi Kumar, Evie Hobbs, Fei Yang, Jeffrey T. Chang, Alejandro Contreras, Edwin Roger Parra Cuentas, Haven Garber, Sanghoon Lee, Yiling Lu, Marion E. Scoggins, Beatriz E. Adrada, Gary J. Whitman, Banu K. Arun, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, and Jennifer K. Litton

Bradbury, Charlotte A., Lawler, Patrick R., Stanworth, Simon J., McVerry, Bryan J., McQuilten, Zoe, Higgins, Alisa M., Mouncey, Paul R., Al-Beidh, Farah, Rowan, Kathryn M., Berry, Lindsay R., Lorenzi, Elizabeth, Zarychanski, Ryan, Arabi, Yaseen M., Annane, Djillali, Beane, Abi, Van Bentum-Puijk, Wilma, Bhimani, Zahra, Bihari, Shailesh, Bonten, Marc J. M., Brunkhorst, Frank M., Buzgau, Adrian, Buxton, Meredith, Carrier, Marc, Cheng, Allen C., Cove, Matthew, Detry, Michelle A., Estcourt, Lise J., Fitzgerald, Mark, Girard, Timothy D., Goligher, Ewan C., Goossens, Herman, Haniffa, Rashan, Hills, Thomas, Huang, David T., Horvat, Christopher M., Hunt, Beverley J., Ichihara, Nao, Lamontagne, Francois, Leavis, Helen L., Linstrum, Kelsey M., Litton, Edward, Marshall, John C., McAuley, Daniel F., McGlothlin, Anna, McGuinness, Shay P., Middeldorp, Saskia, Montgomery, Stephanie K., Morpeth, Susan C., Murthy, Srinivas, Neal, Matthew D., Nichol, Alistair D., Parke, Rachael L., Parker, Jane C., Reyes, Luis, Saito, Hiroki, Santos, Marlene S., Saunders, Christina T., Serpa-Neto, Ary, Seymour, Christopher W., Shankar-Hari, Manu, Singh, Vanessa, Tolppa, Timo, Turgeon, Alexis F., Turner, Anne M., van de Veerdonk, Frank L., Green, Cameron, Lewis, Roger J., Angus, Derek C., McArthur, Colin J., Berry, Scott, Derde, Lennie P. G., Webb, Steve A., Gordon, Anthony C., Depuydt, Pieter, De Waele, Jan, De Bus, Liesbet, Fierens, Jan, Vermassen, Joris, REMAP-CAP Investigators, University of Bristol [Bristol], University Health Network, University of Toronto, University of Oxford, University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Monash University [Melbourne], Imperial College London, University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University Medical Center [Utrecht], St. Michael's Hospital, 215522, CS-2016-16-011, RP-2015-06-18, National Institutes of Health, NIH, U.S. Department of Defense, DOD, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIGMS, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NINDS, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, GBMF, Medtronic, Baxter International, Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, CancerCare Manitoba Foundation, CCMF, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD, Wellcome Trust, WT, Health Research Board, HRB: CTN 2014-012, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020: 101003589, LAM Therapeutics, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, IRSC: 158584, Medical Research Council, MRC, National Institute for Health and Care Research, NIHR, European Commission, EC, National Heart and Lung Institute, NHLI, Queen's University Belfast, QUB: US8962032, National Health and Medical Research Council, NHMRC: APP1101719, National Medical Research Council, NMRC, Health Research Council of New Zealand, HRC: 16/631, Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé: PHRC-20-0147, Innovate UK, Horizon 2020, Pharmaceuticals Bayer, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, BRC, Minderoo Foundation, Funding/Support: This study was funded by the following: the Platform for European Preparedness Against (Re-)Emerging Epidemics (PREPARE) consortium of the European Union, FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1 (grant 602525), the Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Research Response (RECOVER) consortium of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (grant 101003589), the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (grant APP1101719), the Health Research Council of New Zealand (grant 16/631), the Canadian Institute of Health Research Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research Innovative Clinical Trials Program (grant 158584), the NIHR and the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, the Health Research Board of Ireland (grant CTN 2014-012), the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Learning While Doing Program, the Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, the French Ministry of Health (grant PHRC-20-0147), the Minderoo Foundation, and the Wellcome Trust Innovations Project (grant 215522). Dr Shankar-Hari is funded by an NIHR clinician scientist fellowship (grant CS-2016-16-011) and Dr Gordon is funded by an NIHR research professorship (grant RP-2015-06-18)., The REMAP-CAP platform is supported by the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group, the Canadian Critical Care Clinical Trials Group, the Irish Critical Care Clinical Trials Network, the UK Critical Care Research Group and the International Forum of Acute Care Trialists., REMAP-CAP was supported in the Netherlands by the Research Collaboration Critical Care the Netherlands, reported receipt of personal fees from Lilly, BMS-Pfizer, Bayer, Amgen, Novartis, Janssen, Portola, Ablynx, and Grifols. Dr Lawler reported receipt of personal fees from Novartis, CorEvitas, and Brigham and Women’s Hospital and royalties from McGraw-Hill Publishing. Dr McVerry reported receipt of grants from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Bayer Pharmaceuticals and personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim. Dr L. Berry reported being an employee of Berry Consultants, Berry Consultants receives payments for the statistical analysis and design of REMAP-CAP. Dr Lorenzi reported being an employee of Berry Consultants, Berry Consultants receives payments for the statistical analysis and design of REMAP-CAP. Dr Zarychanski reported receipt of grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, LifeArc, Research Manitoba, the CancerCare Manitoba Foundation, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, and the Thistledown Foundation and research operating support as the Lyonel G. Israels Research Chair in Hematology. Dr Bonten reported membership in international study steering committees, advisory boards, and independent data safety and monitoring committees funded by Janssen Vaccines, Merck Sharp & Dohme, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, and Sanofi Pasteur (all reimbursements to UMC Utrecht). Dr Brunkhorst reported receipt of grants from Jena University Hospital. Dr Buxton reported receipt of a gift from the Breast Cancer Research Foundation and contracts with Amgen and Eisai. Dr Carrier reported receipt of grants from BMS-Pfizer and personal fees from Bayer, Sanofi, Servier, Leo Phama, and BMS-Pfizer to his institution. Dr Cove reported receipt of grants from the National Medical Research Council and personal fees from Baxter and Medtronic. Dr Estcourt reported receipt of grants from the UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) and the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme. Dr Haniffa reported receipt of grants from the UK Research and Innovation/Medical Research Council African Critical Care Registry Network. Dr Horvat reported receipt of grants from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Dr Ichihara reported being affiliated with the Department of Healthcare Quality Assessment, University of Tokyo, which is a social collaboration supported by the National Clinical Database, Johnson & Johnson, and Nipro Corporation. Dr Marshall reported receipt of personal fees from AM Pharma and Critical Care Medicine. Dr McAuley reported receipt of personal fees from Bayer, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Lilly, Vir Biotechnology, Faron Pharmaceutical, and SOBI and grants from the NIHR, the Wellcome Trust, Innovate UK, the UK Medical Research Council, and the Northern Ireland Health and Social Care Research and Development Division, in addition, Dr McAuley had a Queen’s University Belfast patent for novel treatment for inflammatory disease (US8962032), was co-director of research at the Intensive Care Society until June 2021, and was director of the Efficacy and Mechanisms Evaluation Program for the UK Medical Research Council/NIHR. Dr Middeldorp reported receipt of personal fees from Daiichi Sankyo, Bayer, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Portola/Alexion, AbbVie, BMS-Pfizer, Sanofi, and Viatris, all paid to his institution, and grants from Daiichi Sankyo, Bayer, Pfizer, and Boehringer Ingelheim. Dr Neal reported equity in Haima Therapeutics, receipt of personal fees from Janssen Pharma and Haemonetics, and receipt of grants from Instrumentation Laboratory, the National Institutes of Health, and the Department of Defense. Dr Nichol reported receipt of personal fees from AM Pharma, paid to his university, and grants from Baxter. Dr Parke reported receipt of grants from Fisher and Paykel Healthcare NZ. Dr Serpa-Neto reported receipt of personal fees from Drager and Endpoint Health. Dr Seymour reported receipt of grants from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences. Dr Lewis reported being senior medical scientist at Berry Consultants, Berry Consultants receives payments for the statistical analysis and design of REMAP-CAP. Dr S. Berry reported being an employee with an ownership role at Berry Consultants, Berry Consultants receives payments for the statistical analysis and design of REMAP-CAP. Dr Derde reported being a coordinating committee member for the European Clinical Research Alliance on Infectious Diseases, a member of the Dutch Intensivists Task Force on Acute Infectious Threats, a member of the International Scientific Advisory Board for Sepsis Canada, and a member of the Dutch Academy of Sciences’ Pandemic Preparedness Plan committee. Dr Gordon reported receipt of personal fees from 30 Respiratory, paid to his institution. No other disclosures were reported., European Project: 101003589, H2020-SC1-PHE-CORONAVIRUS-2020,RECOVER(2020), European Project: 602525,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1,PREPARE(2014), Investigators, REMAP-CAP Writing Committee for the REMAP-CAP, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, and Intensive Care Medicine

Jennifer K. Litton, Isabelle Bedrosian, Bhavana V. Chapman, Shane R. Stecklein, Michael C. Stauder, Yu Shen, Eric A. Strom, David S. Lakomy, George H. Perkins, Karen E. Hoffman, Scott J. Bright, Simona F. Shaitelman, Wendy A. Woodward, Angelica M. Gutierrez Barrera, Gabriel O. Sawakuchi, Banu Arun, Oluwafikayo O. Olamigoke, Diane Liu, and Benjamin Smith

B Swain, R Castelhano, K Litton, and A Chaudhry

Lindsay L. Peterson, Mark R. Somerfield, Larissa A. Korde, Harold J. Burstein, Rachel L. Yung, Dharamvir Jain, Stephen R. D. Johnston, Jennifer K. Litton, Debra L. Barton, Lesley Fallowfield, Praveen Vikas, Erin Macrae, Ali Dorris, and Hope S. Rugo

Edward Litton, Hannah Wunsch, David Pilcher, Matthew Anstey, Allan Garland, and Hayley B. Gershengorn

Florescu, S, Stanciu, D, Zaharia, M, Kosa, A, Codreanu, D, Kidwai, A, Masood, S, Kaye, C, Coutts, A, MacKay, L, Summers, C, Polgarova, P, Farahi, N, Fox, E, McWilliam, S, Hawcutt, D, Rad, L, O’Malley, L, Whitbread, J, Jones, D, Dore, R, Saunderson, P, Kelsall, O, Cowley, N, Wild, L, Thrush, J, Wood, H, Austin, K, Bélteczki, J, Magyar, I, Fazekas, Á, Kovács, S, Szőke, V, Donnelly, A, Kelly, M, Smyth, N, O’Kane, S, McClintock, D, Warnock, M, Campbell, R, McCallion, E, Azaiz, A, Charron, C, Godement, M, Geri, G, Vieillard-Baron, A, Johnson, P, McKenna, S, Hanley, J, Currie, A, Allen, B, McGoldrick, C, McMaster, M, Mani, A, Mathew, M, Kandeepan, R, Vignesh, C, TV, B, Ramakrishnan, N, James, A, Elvira, E, Jayakumar, D, Pratheema, R, Babu, S, Ebenezer, R, Krishnaoorthy, S, Ranganathan, L, Ganesan, M, Shree, M, Guilder, E, Butler, M, Cowdrey, K-A, Robertson, M, Ali, F, McMahon, E, Duffy, E, Chen, Y, Simmonds, C, McConnochie, R, O’Connor, C, El-Khawas, K, Richardson, A, Hill, D, Commons, R, Abdelkharim, H, Saxena, M, Muteithia, M, Dobell-Brown, K, Jha, R, Kalogirou, M, Ellis, C, Krishnamurthy, V, O’Connor, A, Thurairatnam, S, Mukherjee, D, Kaliappan, A, Vertue, M, Nicholson, A, Riches, J, Maloney, G, Kittridge, L, Solesbury, A, Ramos, A, Collins, D, Brickell, K, Reid, L, Smyth, M, Breen, P, Spain, S, Curley, G, McEvoy, N, Geoghegan, P, Clarke, J, Silversides, J, McGuigan, P, Ward, K, O’Neill, A, Finn, S, Wright, C, Green, J, Collins, É, Knott, C, Smith, J, Boschert, C, Slieker, K, Ewalds, E, Sanders, A, Wittenberg, W, Geurts, H, Poojara, L, Sara, T, Nand, K, Reeve, B, Dechert, W, Phillips, B, Oritz-Ruiz de Gordoa, L, Affleck, J, Shaikh, A, Murray, A, Ramanan, M, Frakking, T, Pinnell, J, Robinson, M, Gledhill, L, Wood, T, Sanghavi, R, Bhonagiri, D, Ford, M, Parikh, HG, Avard, B, Nourse, M, McDonald, B, Edmunds, N, Hoiting, O, Peters, M, Rengers, E, Evers, M, Prinssen, A, Morgan, M, Cole, J, Hill, H, Davies, M, Williams, A, Thomas, E, Davies, R, Wise, M, Grimm, P, Soukup, J, Wetzold, R, Löbel, M, Starke, L, Lellouche, F, Lizotte, P, Declerq, P, Antoine, M, Stephanie, G, Jean-Pierre, E, François, B, Marion, B, Philippe, R, Pourcine, F, Monchi, M, Luis, D, Mercier, R, Sagnier, A, Verrier, N, Caplin, C, Richecoeu, J, Combaux, D, Siami, S, Aparicio, C, Vautier, S, Jeblaoui, A, Lemaire-Brunel, D, D'Aragon, F, Carbonneau, E, Leblond, J, Plantefeve, G, Leparco, C, Contou, D, Fartoukh, M, Courtin, L, Labbe, V, Voiriot, G, Salhi, S, Chassé, M, Carrier, F, Boumahni, D, Benettaib, F, Ghamraoui, A, Sement, A, Gachet, A, Hanisch, A, Haffiane, A, Boivin, A-H, Barreau, A, Guerineau, E, Poupblanc, S, Egreteau, P, Lefevre, M, Bocher, S, Le Loup, G, Le Guen, L, Carn, V, Bertel, M, Antcliffe, D, Templeton, M, Rojo, R, Coghlan, P, Smee, J, Barker, G, Finn, A, Kreb, G, Hoff, U, Hinrichs, C, Nee, J, Mackay, E, Cort, J, Whileman, A, Spencer, T, Spittle, N, Beavis, S, Padmakumar, A, Dale, K, Hawes, J, Moakes, E, Gascoyne, R, Pritchard, K, Stevenson, L, Cooke, J, Nemeth-Roszpopa, K, Gauli, B, Bastola, S, Muller, G, Nay, M-A, Kamel, T, Benzekri, D, Jacquier, S, Runge, I, Mathonnet, A, Barbier, F, Bretagnol, A, Carter, J, Van Der Heyden, K, Mehrtens, J, Morris, A, Morgan, S, Burke, T, Mercier, E, Chartier, D, Salmon, C, Dequin, P-F, Garot, D, Bellemare, D, Cloutier, È, Daher, R, Costerousse, O, Boulanger, M-C, Couillard-Chénard, É, Lauzier, F, Francoeur, C, Francois, B, Gay, A, Anne-Laure, F, Ramali, M, HC, O, Ghosh, A, Osagie, R, Arachchige, M, Hartley, M, Cheung, W, Wong, H, Seigne, P, Eustace, J, O'Callaghan, A-M, O'Brien, F, Bamford, P, Reid, A, Cawley, K, Faulkner, M, Pickering, C, Raj, A, Tsinaslanidis, G, Khade, R, Agha, G, Sekiwala, R, Smith, T, Brewer, C, Gregory, J, Limb, J, Cowton, A, O’Brien, J, Postlethwaite, K, Malakouti, S, Music, E, Ricketts, D, King, A, Clermont, G, Bart, R, Mayr, F, Schoenling, A, Andreae, M, Shetty, V, Brant, E, Malley, B, Donadee, C, Sackrowitz, R, Weissman, A, Yealy, D, Barton, D, Talia, N, Nikitas, N, Wells, C, Lankester, L, McMillan, H, Van den Oever, H, Kruisdijk-Gerritsen, A, Haidar, G, Bain, W, Barbash, I, Fitzpatrick, M, Franz, C, Kitsios, G, Moghbeli, K, Rosborough, B, Shah, F, Suber, T, Pulletz, M, Williams, P, Birch, J, Wiseman, S, Horton, S, Alegria, A, Turki, S, Elsefi, T, Crisp, N, Allen, L, Truman, N, Smith, M, Chukkambotla, S, Goddard, W, Duberley, S, Khan, M, Kazi, A, Simpson, J, Duke, G, Chan, P, Carter, B, Hunter, S, Voigt, I, Schueler, R, Blank, E, Hüning, V, Steffen, M, Goralski, P, Litton, E, Regli, A, Pellicano, S, Palermo, A, Eroglu, E, Bihari, S, Laver, RD, Jin, X, Brown, J, McIntyre, J, French, C, Bates, S, Towns, M, Yang, Y, McGain, F, McCullagh, I, Cairns, T, Hanson, H, Patel, B, Clement, I, Evetts, G, Touma, O, Holland, S, Hodge, C, Taylor, H, Alderman, M, Barnes, N, Da Rocha, J, Smith, C, Brooks, N, Weerasinghe, T, Sinclair, J-A, Abusamra, Y, Doherty, R, Cudlipp, J, Singh, R, Yu, H, Daebis, A, Ng, C, Kendrick, S, Saran, A, Makky, A, Greener, D, Rowe-Leete, L, Edwards, A, Bland, Y, Dolman, R, Foster, T, Laffey, J, McNicholas, B, Scully, M, Casey, S, Kernan, M, Brennan, A, Rangan, R, Tully, R, Corbett, S, McCarthy, A, Duffy, O, Burke, D, Linnett, V, Sanderson, A, Ritzema, J, Wild, H, Lucas, R, Marriott, Y, Andric, Z, Cviljevic, S, Br, R, Zapalac, M, Mirković, G, Khare, D, Pinder, M, Gopinath, A, Kannan, T, Dean, S, Vanmali, P, Depuydt, P, De Waele, J, De Bus, L, Fierens, J, Bracke, S, Vermassen, J, Vermeiren, D, Pugh, R, Lean, R, Qiu, X, Scanlan, J, Evans, A, Davies, G, Lewis, J, Plesnikova, Y, Khoud, A, Coetzee, S, Puxty, K, Cathcart, S, Rimmer, D, Bagot, C, Scott, K, Martin, L, Yusuff, H, Isgro, G, Brightling, C, Bourne, M, Craner, M, Boyles, R, Alexander, B, Roberts, T, Nelli, A, Rosenstein-Sisson, R, Speyer, R, Pech, Y, McCullough, J, Tallott, M, Vazquez-Grande, G, Marten, N, Liu, T, Siddiqui, A, Khanal, S, Amatya, S, Szakmany, T, Cherian, S, Williams, G, James, C, Waters, A, Prout, R, Stedman, R, Davies, L, Pegler, S, Kyeremeh, L, Moorhouse, L, Arbane, G, Marotti, M, Bociek, A, Campos, S, Van Nieuwkoop, K, Ottens, T, Visser, Y, Van den Berg, L, Van der Kraan-Donker, A, Brett, S, Arias, S, Hall, R, Paneru, H, Koirala, S, Paudel, P, Wilson, M, Vaara, S, Pettilä, L, Heinonen, J, Pettilä, V, Jain, S, Gupta, A, Holbrook, C, Antoine, P, Meziani, F, Allam, H, Cattelan, J, Clere-Jehl, R, Helms, J, Kummerlen, C, Merdji, H, Monnier, A, Rahmani, H, Studer, A, Schneider, F, Castelain, V, Morel, G, L’Hotellier, S, Ochin, E, Vanjak, C, Rouge, P, Bendjemar, L, Albert, M, Serri, K, Cavayas, A, Duplaix, M, Williams, V, Catorze, NJTADS, Pereira, TNAL, Ferreira, RMC, Bastos, JMPS, Batista, TMO, Badie, J, Berdaguer, F, Malfroy, S, Mezher, C, Bourgoin, C, Moneger, G, Bouvier, E, Muñoz-Bermúdez, R, Marin-Corral, J, Degracia, A, Gómez, F, López, M, Aceto, R, Aghemo, A, Badalamenti, S, Brunetta, E, Cecconi, M, Ciccarelli, M, Constantini, E, Greco, M, Folci, M, Selmi, C, Voza, A, Henning, J, Bonner, S, Hugill, K, Cirstea, E, Wilkinson, D, Jones, J, Altomy, M, Karlikowski, M, Sutherland, H, Wilhelmsen, E, Woods, J, North, J, Pletz, M, Hagel, S, Ankert, J, Kolanos, S, Bloos, F, Simons, K, Van Zuylen, T, Bouman, A, Kumar, N, Panwar, R, Poulter, A-L, Sunkara, K, Szigligeti, G, Leszkoven, J, Rochwerg, B, Karachi, T, Oczkowski, S, Centofanti, J, Millen, T, Sundaran, D, Hollos, L, Turns, M, Walsh, J, Al Qasim, E, Alswaidan, L, Hegazy, M, Arishi, H, Al Amri, A, AlQahtani, S, Naidu, B, Tlayjeh, H, Hussain, S, Al Enezi, F, Abdukahil, SA, Hopkins, P, Noble, H, O’Reilly, K, Mehta, R, Wong, O, Makanju, E, Rao, D, Sikondari, N, Saha, S, Corcoran, E, Pappa, E, Cockrell, M, Donegan, C, Balaie, M, Nickoleit-Bitzenberger, D, Schaaf, B, Meermeier, W, Prebeg, K, Azzaui, H, Hower, M, Brieger, K-G, Elender, C, Sabelhaus, T, Riepe, A, Akamp, C, Kremling, J, Klein, D, Landsiedel-Mechenbier, E, Laha, S, Verlander, M, Jha, A, Megarbane, B, Voicu, S, Deye, N, Malissin, I, Sutterlin, L, Mrad, A, Lehalleur, A, Naim, G, Nguyen, P, Ekhérian, J-M, 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L, Makowski, A, Misztal, B, Haider, S, Liao, A, Squires, R, Oborska, A, Kayani, A, Kalchko-Veyssal, S, Prabakaran, R, Hadebe, B, KalchkoVeyssal, S, Williams, T, Song, R, Morpeth, S, Lai, V, Habraken, H, Stewart, R, Mwaura, E, Mew, L, Wren, L, Willams, F, Sutherland, S-B, Rebello, R, Shehabi, Y, Al-Bassam, W, Hulley, A, Kadam, U, Sathianathan, K, Innes, R, Doble, P, Graham, L, Shovelton, C, Dean, T, Salahuddin, N, Aryal, D, Koirala, K, Rai, N, Luitel, S, Seppelt, I, Whitehead, C, Lowrey, J, Gresham, R, Masters, K, Hamlyn, V, Hawkins, N, Roynon-Reed, A, Cutler, S, Lewis, S, Lazaro, J, Newman, T, Aravindan, L, Asghar, A, Bartholomew, J, Bayne, M, Beddows, S, Birch, C, Brend, M, Byrne, R, Campbell, D, Campbell, H, Chambers, E, Clinton, A, Collins, J, Crawshaw, S, Dawson, LA, Donaldson, K, Drake, C, Dyas, S, Ellis, Y, Gilmour, K, Goodwin, J, Halden, S, Hall, AS, Hanson, J, Harper, H, Harrison, S, Hayes, A, Hodgson, H, Hurford, S-A, Jackson, S, Levett, C, Lock, S, Lockett, T, Logan, M, 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T, Young, I, Burrell, A, Ferguson, N, Hodgson, C, Orford, N, Phua, J, Baron, R, Epelman, S, Frankfurter, C, Gommans, F, Kim, E, Leaf, D, Vaduganathan, M, Van Kimmenade, R, Sanil, A, Van Beurden, M, Effelaar, E, Schotsman, J, Boyd, C, Harland, C, Shearer, A, Wren, J, Attanayaka, U, Darshana, S, Ishani, P, Udayanga, I, Higgins, AM, Berry, LR, Lorenzi, E, Murthy, S, McQuilten, Z, Mouncey, PR, Al-Beidh, F, Annane, D, Arabi, YM, Beane, A, Van Bentum-Puijk, W, Bhimani, Z, Bonten, MJM, Bradbury, CA, Brunkhorst, FM, Buzgau, A, Buxton, M, Charles, WN, Cove, M, Detry, MA, Estcourt, LJ, Fagbodun, EO, Fitzgerald, M, Girard, TD, Goligher, EC, Goossens, H, Haniffa, R, Hills, T, Horvat, CM, Huang, DT, Ichihara, N, Lamontagne, F, Marshall, JC, McAuley, DF, McGlothlin, A, McGuinness, SP, McVerry, BJ, Neal, MD, Nichol, AD, Parke, RL, Parker, JC, Parry-Billings, K, Peters, SEC, Reyes, LF, Rowan, KM, Saito, H, Santos, MS, Saunders, CT, Serpa-Neto, A, Seymour, CW, Shankar-Hari, M, Stronach, LM, Turgeon, AF, Turner, AM, Van de Veerdonk, FL, Zarychanski, R, Green, C, Lewis, RJ, Angus, DC, McArthur, CJ, Berry, S, Derde, LPG, Gordon, AC, Webb, SA, Lawler, PR, Comm REMAP-CAP Investigators, Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Intensive Care Medicine, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Pittsburgh Foundation, PF, Amgen, Health Research Board, HRB: CTN 2014-012, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020: 101003589, Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, TBCRC, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, IRSC: 158584, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, HSF, National Institute for Health and Care Research, NIHR, European Commission, EC, National Health and Medical Research Council, NHMRC: 1101719, APP194811, CS-2016-16-011, GNT2008447, RP-2015-06-18, Office of Health and Medical Research, OHMR, Health Research Council of New Zealand, HRC: 16/631, Eisai, Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé: PHRC-20-0147, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC, NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, BRC, Minderoo Foundation, Funding/Support : The Platform for European Preparedness Against (Re-) emerging Epidemics (PREPARE) consortium by the European Union, FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1 (#602525), the Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Research response (RECOVER) consortium by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (#101003589), the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (#APP1101719), the Australian Medical Research Future Fund (#APP2002132), the Health Research Council of New Zealand (#16/631), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research Innovative Clinical Trials Program Grant (#158584) and the Canadian Institute of Health Research COVID-19 Rapid Research Funding (#447335), the UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) and the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, the Health Research Board of Ireland (CTN 2014-012), the UPMC Learning While Doing Program, the Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, the French Ministry of Health (PHRC-20-0147), the Wellcome Trust Innovations Project (215522), the Minderoo Foundation, the EU Programme Emergency Support Instrument, the NHS Blood and Transplant Research and Development Programme, the Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, the NSW Office of Health and Medical Research, Amgen, Eisai, and the Pittsburgh Foundation. Dr Higgins is funded by an NHMRC Emerging Leadership Fellowship (GNT2008447). Dr McQuilten is funded by an NHMRC Emerging Leadership Fellowship (APP194811). Dr Gordon is funded by an NIHR Research Professorship (RP-2015-06-18) and Dr Shankar-Hari by an NIHR Clinician Scientist Fellowship (CS-2016-16-011). Dr Turgeon is the Chairholder of the Canada Research Chair in Critical Care Neurology and Trauma. Dr Lawler is supported by a career award from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada., and European Project: 602525,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1,PREPARE(2014)

Buetti, Niccolò, Tabah, Alexis, Loiodice, Ambre, Ruckly, Stéphane, Aslan, Abdullah Tarik, Montrucchio, Giorgia, Cortegiani, Andrea, Saltoglu, Nese, Kayaaslan, Bircan, Aksoy, Firdevs, Murat, Akova, Akdoğan, Özlem, Saracoglu, Kemal Tolga, Erdogan, Cem, Leone, Marc, Ferrer, Ricard, Paiva, José-Artur, Hayashi, Yoshiro, Ramanan, Mahesh, Conway Morris, Andrew, Barbier, François, Timsit, Jean-François, Lipman, Jeffrey, Litton, Edward, Palermo, Anna Maria, Yap, Timothy, Eroglu, Ege, Hosokawa, Koji, Yoshida, Hideki, Fujitani, Shigeki, Zand, Farid, Mahmoodpoor, Ata, Tabatabaei, Seyed Mohammad Nasirodin, Elrabi, Omar, Almekhlafi, Ghaleb A, Vidal, Gabriela, Aparicio, Marta, Alonzo, Irene, Namendys-Silva, Silvio A, Hermosillo, Mariana, Castillo, Roberto Alejandro, De Bus, Liesbet, De Waele, Jan, Hollevoet, Isabelle, De Schryver, Nicolas, Serck, Nicolas, Kovacevic, Pedja, Zlojutro, Biljana, Ruppe, Etienne, Montravers, Philippe, Dulac, Thierry, Castanera, Jérémy, Massri, Alexandre, Guesdon, Charlotte, Garcon, Pierre, Duprey, Matthieu, Philippart, François, Tran, Marc, Bruel, Cédric, Kalfon, Pierre, Badre, Gaëtan, Demeret, Sophie, Le Guennec, Loïc, Bassetti, Matteo, Giacobbe, Daniele, Sales, Gabriele, Daroui, Ivan, Lodi, Giovanni, Ippolito, Mariachiara, Bellina, Davide, Di Guardo, Andrea, Rocco, Monica, Fiorelli, Silvia, Mikstacki, Adam, Peichota, Mariusz, Pietraszek-Grzywaczewska, Iwona, Póvoa, Pedro, Krystopchuk, Andriy, Teresa, Ana, De Figueiredo, António Manuel Pereira, Botelho, Isabel, Costa, Vasco, Cunha, Rui Pedro, Gritsan, Alexey, Belskiy, Vladislav, Furman, Mikhail, Martinez, Maria, Casares, Vanessa, Arnillas, Maria Pilar Gracia, Bermudez, Rosana Munoz, Ubeda, Alejandro, Salgado, Maria, Maseda, Emilio, De La Rica, Alejandro Suarez, Blasco-Navalpotro, Miguel Angel, Gallego, Alberto Orejas, Prazak, Josef, Pagani, JL, Abed-Maillard, S, Iskit, Arzu Topeli, Mehtap, Selcuk, Ceyhun, Solakoğlu, Kalem, Ayşe Kaya, Kurt, Ibrahim, Telli, Murat, Ozturk, Barcin, Baykam, Nurcan, Karaali, Ridvan, Koksal, Iftihar, Bilir, Yeliz, Guzeldag, Seda, Ersoz, Gulden, Evik, Guliz, Bayindir, Yasar, Ersoy, Yasemin, Ercole, Ari, Raj, Ashok, Zormpa, Artemis, Tinaslanidis, George, Khade, Reena, Roshdy, Ashraf, Kannan, Santhana, Antrolikar, Supriya, Marsden, Nicholas, Attwood, Ben, Patel, Jamie, Gurjar, Mohan, Dsilva, Carol, Chandran, Jagadish, Sanousi, Bashir El, Saidahmed, Elfayadh, Hamid, Hytham KS, Buetti, Niccolò, Tabah, Alexi, Loiodice, Ambre, Ruckly, Stéphane, Aslan, Abdullah Tarik, Montrucchio, Giorgia, Cortegiani, Andrea, Saltoglu, Nese, Kayaaslan, Bircan, Aksoy, Firdev, Murat, Akova, Akdoğan, Özlem, Saracoglu, Kemal Tolga, Erdogan, Cem, Leone, Marc, Ferrer, Ricard, Paiva, José-Artur, Hayashi, Yoshiro, Ramanan, Mahesh, Conway Morris, Andrew, Barbier, Françoi, Timsit, Jean-François, Conway Morris, Andrew [0000-0002-3211-3216], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Institut Català de la Salut, [Buetti N] Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland. INSERM, IAME, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France. [Tabah A] Intensive Care Unit, Redclife Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Services, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. [Loiodice A, Ruckly S] ICURESEARCH, Fonaine, France. [Aslan AT] Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. [Montrucchio G] Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy. [Ferrer R] Servei de Medicina Intensiva, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Grup de Recerca en Xoc, Disfunció Orgànica i Ressuscitació, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Timsit, Jean-Françoi, Lipman, Jeffrey, Litton, Edward, Palermo, Anna Maria, Yap, Timothy, Eroglu, Ege, Hosokawa, Koji, Yoshida, Hideki, Fujitani, Shigeki, Zand, Farid, Mahmoodpoor, Ata, Tabatabaei, Seyed Mohammad Nasirodin, Elrabi, Omar, Almekhlafi, Ghaleb A., Vidal, Gabriela, Aparicio, Marta, Alonzo, Irene, Namendys-Silva, Silvio A., Hermosillo, Mariana, Castillo, Roberto Alejandro, De Bus, Liesbet, De Waele, Jan, Hollevoet, Isabelle, De Schryver, Nicola, Serck, Nicola, Kovacevic, Pedja, Zlojutro, Biljana, Ruppe, Etienne, Montravers, Philippe, Dulac, Thierry, Castanera, Jérémy, Massri, Alexandre, Guesdon, Charlotte, Garcon, Pierre, Duprey, Matthieu, Philippart, Françoi, Tran, Marc, Bruel, Cédric, Kalfon, Pierre, Badre, Gaëtan, Demeret, Sophie, Le Guennec, Loïc, Bassetti, Matteo, Giacobbe, Daniele, Sales, Gabriele, Daroui, Ivan, Lodi, Giovanni, Ippolito, Mariachiara, Bellina, Davide, Di Guardo, Andrea, Rocco, Monica, Fiorelli, Silvia, Mikstacki, Adam, Peichota, Mariusz, Pietraszek-Grzywaczewska, Iwona, Póvoa, Pedro, Krystopchuk, Andriy, Teresa, Ana, de Figueiredo, António Manuel Pereira, Botelho, Isabel, Costa, Vasco, Cunha, Rui Pedro, Gritsan, Alexey, Belskiy, Vladislav, Furman, Mikhail, Martinez, Maria, Casares, Vanessa, Arnillas, Maria Pilar Gracia, Bermudez, Rosana Munoz, Ubeda, Alejandro, Salgado, Maria, Maseda, Emilio, De La Rica, Alejandro Suarez, Blasco-Navalpotro, Miguel Angel, Gallego, Alberto Oreja, Prazak, Josef, Pagani, J. L., Abed-Maillard, S., Iskit, Arzu Topeli, Mehtap, Selcuk, Ceyhun, Solakoğlu, Kalem, Ayşe Kaya, Kurt, Ibrahim, Telli, Murat, Ozturk, Barcin, Baykam, Nurcan, Karaali, Ridvan, Koksal, Iftihar, Bilir, Yeliz, Guzeldag, Seda, Ersoz, Gulden, Evik, Guliz, Bayindir, Yasar, Ersoy, Yasemin, Ercole, Ari, Raj, Ashok, Zormpa, Artemi, Tinaslanidis, George, Khade, Reena, Roshdy, Ashraf, Kannan, Santhana, Antrolikar, Supriya, Marsden, Nichola, Attwood, Ben, Patel, Jamie, Gurjar, Mohan, Dsilva, Carol, Chandran, Jagadish, Sanousi, Bashir El, Saidahmed, Elfayadh, and Hamid, Hytham K. S.

Anne V. Philips, Jason B White, Jennifer A. Wargo, Sahil Seth, Xiangjie Sun, Senthil Damodaran, Andrew Futreal, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, Er-Yen Yen, Clinton Yam, Baohua Sun, Gheath Alatrash, Stacy L. Moulder, Qingqing Ding, Edwin Roger Parra Cuentas, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Fei Yang, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, Jeffrey T. Chang, Elizabeth Ravenberg, Haven R. Garber, Jennifer L. Guerriero, Bora Lim, Jennifer K. Litton, Ryan Sun, Lei Huo, Kasthuri Kannan, Naoto T. Ueno, Roland L. Bassett, Gaiane M. Rauch, and William Fraser Symmans

Frank van Haren, Edward Litton, and Lori Delaney

Peng Wei, Wei T. Yang, Lumarie Santiago, Marion E. Scoggins, Rosalind P. Candelaria, Alastair M. Thompson, Gary J. Whitman, Beatriz E. Adrada, Tanya W. Moseley, Jason B White, Vicente Valero, Stacy L. Moulder, Elizabeth Ravenberg, Jennifer K. Litton, and Gaiane M. Rauch

Steve A. McGloughlin, Allen C. Cheng, David Pilcher, Leigh P Fitzpatrick, Bianca J. Levkovich, Michael Bailey, and Edward Litton

David Brealey, Georgia Bercades, Johannes Mellinghoff, Yahya SHEHABI, Maria Luisa Azzolini, Nicholas Hart, Cathrine Edgeworth, Corrienne McCulloch, Christopher Joyce, Rinaldo Bellomo, Noorfadzli Bin Abdul Razak, Bala Venkatesh, Leanne Hays, Alistair Nichol, Fraser Hanks, Frances Bass, Ingeborg Welters, Paul Young, Shay McGuinness, Carlo LEGGIERI, Marlies Ostermann, Clair Harris, Giovanni LANDONI, Edward Litton, and Intensive Care Medicine

Clinton Yam, Nour Abuhadra, Ryan Sun, Beatriz E. Adrada, Qing-Qing Ding, Jason B. White, Elizabeth E. Ravenberg, Alyson R. Clayborn, Vicente Valero, Debu Tripathy, Senthilkumar Damodaran, Banu K. Arun, Jennifer K. Litton, Naoto T. Ueno, Rashmi K. Murthy, Bora Lim, Luis Baez, Xiaoxian Li, Aman U. Buzdar, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, Alistair M. Thompson, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, Gaiane M. Rauch, Rosalind P. Candelaria, Lei Huo, Stacy L. Moulder, and Jeffrey T. Chang

REMAP-CAP Investigators, ACTIV-4a Investigators, ATTACC Investigators, Goligher, Ewan C, Bradbury, Charlotte A, McVerry, Bryan J, Lawler, Patrick R, Berger, Jeffrey S, Gong, Michelle N, Carrier, Marc, Reynolds, Harmony R, Kumar, Anand, Turgeon, Alexis F, Kornblith, Lucy Z, Kahn, Susan R, Marshall, John C, Kim, Keri S, Houston, Brett L, Derde, Lennie PG, Cushman, Mary, Tritschler, Tobias, Angus, Derek C, Godoy, Lucas C, McQuilten, Zoe, Kirwan, Bridget-Anne, Farkouh, Michael E, Brooks, Maria M, Lewis, Roger J, Berry, Lindsay R, Lorenzi, Elizabeth, Gordon, Anthony C, Ahuja, Tania, Al-Beidh, Farah, Annane, Djillali, Arabi, Yaseen M, Aryal, Diptesh, Baumann Kreuziger, Lisa, Beane, Abi, Bhimani, Zahra, Bihari, Shailesh, Billett, Henny H, Bond, Lindsay, Bonten, Marc, Brunkhorst, Frank, Buxton, Meredith, Buzgau, Adrian, Castellucci, Lana A, Chekuri, Sweta, Chen, Jen-Ting, Cheng, Allen C, Chkhikvadze, Tamta, Coiffard, Benjamin, Contreras, Aira, Costantini, Todd W, de Brouwer, Sophie, Detry, Michelle A, Duggal, Abhijit, Džavík, Vladimír, Effron, Mark B, Eng, Heather F, Escobedo, Jorge, Estcourt, Lise J, Everett, Brendan M, Fergusson, Dean A, Fitzgerald, Mark, Fowler, Robert A, Froess, Joshua D, Fu, Zhuxuan, Galanaud, Jean P, Galen, Benjamin T, Gandotra, Sheetal, Girard, Timothy D, Goodman, Andrew L, Goossens, Herman, Green, Cameron, Greenstein, Yonatan Y, Gross, Peter L, Haniffa, Rashan, Hegde, Sheila M, Hendrickson, Carolyn M, Higgins, Alisa M, Hindenburg, Alexander A, Hope, Aluko A, Horowitz, James M, Horvat, Christopher M, Huang, David T, Hudock, Kristin, Hunt, Beverley J, Husain, Mansoor, Hyzy, Robert C, Jacobson, Jeffrey R, Jayakumar, Devachandran, Keller, Norma M, Khan, Akram, Kim, Yuri, Kindzelski, Andrei, King, Andrew J, Knudson, M Margaret, Kornblith, Aaron E, Kutcher, Matthew E, Laffan, Michael A, Lamontagne, Francois, Le Gal, Grégoire, Leeper, Christine M, Leifer, Eric S, Lim, George, Gallego Lima, Felipe, Linstrum, Kelsey, Litton, Edward, Lopez-Sendon, Jose, Lother, Sylvain A, Marten, Nicole, Saud Marinez, Andréa, Martinez, Mary, Mateos Garcia, Eduardo, Mavromichalis, Stavroula, McAuley, Daniel F, McDonald, Emily G, McGlothlin, Anna, McGuinness, Shay P, Middeldorp, Saskia, Montgomery, Stephanie K, Mouncey, Paul R, Murthy, Srinivas, Nair, Girish B, Nair, Rahul, Nichol, Alistair D, Nicolau, Jose C, Nunez-Garcia, Brenda, Park, John J, Park, Pauline K, Parke, Rachael L, Parker, Jane C, Parnia, Sam, Paul, Jonathan D, Pompilio, Mauricio, Quigley, John G, Rosenson, Robert S, Rost, Natalia S, Rowan, Kathryn, Santos, Fernanda O, Santos, Marlene, Santos, Mayler O, Satterwhite, Lewis, Saunders, Christina T, Schreiber, Jake, Schutgens, Roger EG, Seymour, Christopher W, Siegal, Deborah M, Silva, Delcio G, Singhal, Aneesh B, Slutsky, Arthur S, Solvason, Dayna, Stanworth, Simon J, Turner, Anne M, van Bentum-Puijk, Wilma, van de Veerdonk, Frank L, van Diepen, Sean, Vazquez-Grande, Gloria, Wahid, Lana, Wareham, Vanessa, Widmer, R Jay, Wilson, Jennifer G, Yuriditsky, Eugene, Zhong, Yongqi, Berry, Scott M, McArthur, Colin J, Neal, Matthew D, Hochman, Judith S, Webb, Steven A, Zarychanski, Ryan, Bradbury, Charlotte A [0000-0001-5248-8165], McVerry, Bryan J [0000-0002-1175-4874], Lawler, Patrick R [0000-0001-5155-5071], Carrier, Marc [0000-0001-8296-2972], Kim, Keri S [0000-0002-8480-4801], Houston, Brett L [0000-0002-8776-4083], Cushman, Mary [0000-0002-7871-6143], Tritschler, Tobias [0000-0002-8775-0511], Godoy, Lucas C [0000-0001-6171-1269], Gordon, Anthony C [0000-0002-0419-547X], Ahuja, Tania [0000-0003-1833-4124], Aryal, Diptesh [0000-0002-1431-8293], Baumann Kreuziger, Lisa [0000-0002-1171-0548], Beane, Abi [0000-0001-7046-1580], Coiffard, Benjamin [0000-0002-8896-5346], Detry, Michelle A [0000-0002-2794-1439], Escobedo, Jorge [0000-0003-1942-7402], Estcourt, Lise J [0000-0003-4309-9162], Everett, Brendan M [0000-0002-6331-5224], Fu, Zhuxuan [0000-0002-9190-195X], Galen, Benjamin T [0000-0001-8172-258X], Girard, Timothy D [0000-0002-9833-4871], Greenstein, Yonatan Y [0000-0002-5718-4408], Haniffa, Rashan [0000-0002-8288-449X], Hegde, Sheila M [0000-0001-8157-8899], Hendrickson, Carolyn M [0000-0003-4662-2385], Higgins, Alisa M [0000-0001-8295-7559], Hindenburg, Alexander A [0000-0002-1232-2168], Horvat, Christopher M [0000-0002-1593-2252], Huang, David T [0000-0001-7649-1633], Jacobson, Jeffrey R [0000-0001-8929-994X], Kim, Yuri [0000-0001-5978-5779], King, Andrew J [0000-0002-9809-0563], Kutcher, Matthew E [0000-0003-4566-5359], Leifer, Eric S [0000-0001-6888-8307], Litton, Edward [0000-0002-5125-6829], Mateos Garcia, Eduardo [0000-0002-0904-4056], Mouncey, Paul R [0000-0002-8510-8517], Nunez-Garcia, Brenda [0000-0002-0355-4557], Parnia, Sam [0000-0002-6158-4404], Quigley, John G [0000-0003-3116-4545], Saunders, Christina T [0000-0003-4325-9568], Yuriditsky, Eugene [0000-0003-2263-9297], Zhong, Yongqi [0000-0002-4042-7450], Neal, Matthew D [0000-0001-8931-6236], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Jennifer K. Litton, Kenneth Offit, Christine Laronga, Matthew B. Yurgelun, Leigha Senter-Jamieson, Kristen M. Shannon, Ahmed Elkhanany, Beth Y. Karlan, Seema A. Khan, Susan M. Domchek, Kari B. Wisinski, Patricia I. Dickson, Gwen Reiser, Holly J. Pederson, Catherine Klein, Barbara S. Norquist, Mary B. Daly, Allison W. Kurian, Wendy Kohlmann, Carolyn S. Menendez, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Mary A. Dwyer, Mollie L. Hutton, Susan Darlow, Kala Visvanathan, Sofia D. Merajver, Rebecca Shatsky, Myra J. Wick, Michael Goggins, Saundra S. Buys, Michael Berry, Susan Hatters Friedman, Julie S. Mak, and Tuya Pal

Patrick R. Lawler, Rob Fowler, Edward Litton, Colin McArthur, Katrina Orr, Ryan Zarychanski, Christopher W. Seymour, Richard Beasley, Herman Goossens, Timothy D. Girard, John C. Marshall, Rachael Parke, Marc J. M. Bonten, Susan C. Morpeth, Lennie P. G. Derde, Abi Beane, Steven Y. C. Tong, Alisa Higgins, Asad E. Patanwala, Jane C. Parker, Anna McGlothlin, Menno de Jong, Shay McGuinness, Stephanie K. Montgomery, Alistair Nichol, Frank L. van de Veerdonk, Zahra Bhimani, Christopher M. Horvat, Allen C. Cheng, Manu Shankar-Hari, Anthony C. Gordon, Ewan C. Goligher, Farah Al Beidh, Lise J Estcourt, Kelsey Linstrum, Salim Malakouti, Andrew J King, Michelle A. Detry, Bryan J. McVerry, Francois Lamontagne, Rashan Haniffa, Alexis F. Turgeon, Srinivas Murthy, Cameron Green, Yaseen M. Arabi, Paul R Mouncey, Lolowa Al Swaidan, Eamon Duffy, Lindsay R. Berry, Roger J. Lewis, Scott M. Berry, Kathryn M Rowan, Djillali Annane, Christina Saunders, Meredith Buxton, Mark Fitzgerald, Anne Turner, Elizabeth Lorenzi, Adrian Buzgau, Derek C. Angus, David T. Huang, Charlotte Bradbury, Steven A R Webb, Marlene Santos, Daniel F. McAuley, Thomas Hills, Frank M. Brunkhorst, REMAP-CAP Investigators, NIHR, National Institute for Health Research, AII - Infectious diseases, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, and Infectious diseases

Goligher, Ewan C, Bradbury, Charlotte A, McVerry, Bryan J, Lawler, Patrick R, Berger, Jeffrey S, Gong, Michelle N, Carrier, Marc, Reynolds, Harmony R, Kumar, Anand, Turgeon, Alexis F, Kornblith, Lucy Z, Kahn, Susan R, Marshall, John C, Kim, Keri S, Houston, Brett L, Derde, Lennie PG, Cushman, Mary, Tritschler, Tobias, Angus, Derek C, Godoy, Lucas C, McQuilten, Zoe, Kirwan, Bridget-Anne, Farkouh, Michael E, Brooks, Maria M, Lewis, Roger J, Berry, Lindsay R, Lorenzi, Elizabeth, Gordon, Anthony C, Berry, Scott M, McArthur, Colin J, Neal, Matthew D, Hochman, Judith S, Webb, Steven A, Zarychanski, Ryan, Ahuja, Tania, Al-Beidh, Farah, Annane, Djillali, Arabi, Yaseen M, Aryal, Diptesh, Kreuziger, Lisa Baumann, Beane, Abi, Bhimani, Zahra, Bihari, Shailesh, Billett, Henny H, Bond, Lindsay, Bonten, Marc, Brunkhorst, Frank, Buxton, Meredith, Buzgau, Adrian, Castellucci, Lana A, Chekuri, Sweta, Chen, Jen-Ting, Cheng, Allen C, Chkhikvadze, Tamta, Coiffard, Benjamin, Contreras, Aira, Costantini, Todd W, de Brouwer, Sophie, Detry, Michelle A, Duggal, Abhijit, Dzavik, Vladimir, Effron, Mark B, Eng, Heather F, Escobedo, Jorge, Estcourt, Lise J, Everett, Brendan M, Fergusson, Dean A, Fitzgerald, Mark, Fowler, Robert A, Froess, Joshua D, Fu, Zhuxuan, Galanaud, Jean P, Galen, Benjamin T, Gandotra, Sheetal, Girard, Timothy D, Goodman, Andrew L, Goossens, Herman, Green, Cameron, Greenstein, Yonatan Y, Gross, Peter L, Haniffa, Rashan, Hegde, Sheila M, Hendrickson, Carolyn M, Higgins, Alisa M, Hindenburg, Alexander A, Hope, Aluko A, Horowitz, James M, Horvat, Christopher M, Huang, David T, Hudock, Kristin, Hunt, Beverley J, Husain, Mansoor, Hyzy, Robert C, Jacobson, Jeffrey R, Jayakumar, Devachandran, Keller, Norma M, Khan, Akram, Kim, Yuri, Kindzelski, Andrei, King, Andrew J, Kornblith, Aaron E, Kutcher, Matthew E, Laffan, Michael A, Lamontagne, Francois, Le Gal, Gregoire, Leeper, Christine M, Leifer, Eric S, Lim, George, Lima, Felipe Gallego, Linstrum, Kelsey, Litton, Edward, Lopez-Sendon, Jose, Lother, Sylvain A, Marten, Nicole, Marinez, Andrea Saud, Martinez, Mary, Garcia, Eduardo Mateos, Mavromichalis, Stavroula, McAuley, Daniel F, McDonald, Emily G, McGlothlin, Anna, McGuinness, Shay P, Middeldorp, Saskia, Montgomery, Stephanie K, Mouncey, Paul R, Murthy, Srinivas, Nair, Girish B, Nair, Rahul, Nichol, Alistair D, Nicolau, Jose C, Nunez-Garcia, Brenda, Park, John J, Park, Pauline K, Parke, Rachael L, Parker, Jane C, Parnia, Sam, Paul, Jonathan D, Pompilio, Mauricio, Quigley, John G, Rosenson, Robert S, Rost, Natalia S, Rowan, Kathryn, Santos, Fernanda O, Santos, Marlene, Santos, Mayler O, Satterwhite, Lewis, Saunders, Christina T, Schreiber, Jake, Schutgens, Roger EG, Seymour, Christopher W, Siegal, Deborah M, Silva, Delcio G, Singhal, Aneesh B, Slutsky, Arthur S, Solvason, Dayna, Turner, Anne M, Van Bentum-Puijk, Wilma, van de Veerdonk, Frank L, van Diepen, Sean, Vazquez-Grande, Gloria, Wahid, Lana, Wareham, Vanessa, Widmer, R Jay, Wilson, Jennifer G, Yuriditsky, Eugene, Zhong, Yongqi, Investigators, REMAP-CAP, Investigators, ACTIV-4a, Investigators, ATTACC, NIHR, National Institute for Health Research, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), National Institutes of Health, NIH: 1OT2HL156812-01, AR7-162822, OTA-20-011, RP-2015-06-18, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NHLBI, Amgen, CancerCare Manitoba Foundation, CCMF, University of Manitoba, UM, Health Research Board, HRB: CTN 2014-012, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, CIHR: 158584, 447335, COVID-19, National Institute for Health Research, NIHR, European Commission, EC: 602525, FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION, National Health and Medical Research Council, NHMRC: APP1101719, APP1116530, Health Research Council of New Zealand, HRC: 16/631, Eisai, Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé: PHRC-20-0147, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC, Horizon 2020: 101003589, NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, BRC, Minderoo Foundation, REMAP-CAP was supported by the European Union through FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION: the Platform for European Preparedness Against (Re-)emerging Epidemics (PREPARE) consortium (grant 602525) and the Horizon 2020 research and innovation program: the Rapid European Covid-19 Emergency Research response (RECOVER) consortium (grant 101003589) and by grants from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (APP1101719 and APP1116530), the Health Research Council of New Zealand (16/631), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research Innovative Clinical Trials Program Grant 158584 and COVID-19 Rapid Research Operating Grant 447335), the U.K. National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) and the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, the Health Research Board of Ireland (CTN 2014-012), the UPMC Learning While Doing Program, the Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, the French Ministry of Health (PHRC-20-0147), the Minderoo Foundation, Amgen, Eisai, the Global Coalition for Adaptive Research, and the Wellcome Trust Innovations Project (215522). The ATTACC platform was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, LifeArc, Thistledown Foundation, Research Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba Foundation, Victoria General Hospital Foundation, Ontario Ministry of Health, and the Peter Munk Cardiac Centre. The ACTIV-4a platform was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and administered through OTA-20-011 and was supported in part by NIH agreement 1OT2HL156812-01. Dr. Goligher is the recipient of an Early Career Investigator award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (grant AR7-162822). Dr. Gordon is funded by an NIHR Research Professorship (RP-2015-06-18). Dr. Turgeon is funded by a Canada Research Chair-Tier 2. Dr. Zarychanski is the recipient of the Lyonel G. Israels Research Chair in Hematology (University of Manitoba)., Vascular Medicine, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, Investigators, REMAP-CAP, Investigators, ACTIV-4a, Investigators, ATTACC, REMAP-CAP Investigators, ACTIV-4a Investigators, and ATTACC Investigators

V. Lopez, K. L. Melehan, Hsin-Chia Carol Huang, F. M. P. van Haren, Edward Litton, and Lori Delaney

Mary Scott Soo, Lucy Xiangxi Lu, E. Shelley Hwang, Connie Kim, Lars J. Grimm, Ruth Walsh, Sujata V. Ghate, Vignesh Selvakumaran, Tyler P. Litton, Rui Hou, Joseph Y. Lo, Sora C. Yoon, Jay A. Baker, and Amrita Devalapalli

Vogel, Joshua P., Tendal, Britta, Giles, Michelle, Whitehead, Clare, Burton, Wendy, Chakraborty, Samantha, Cheyne, Saskia, Downton, Teena, Fraile Navarro, David, Gleeson, Glenda, Gordon, Adrienne, Hunt, Jenny, Kitschke, Jackie, McDonald, Steven, McDonnell, Nolan, Middleton, Philippa, Millard, Tanya, Murano, Melissa, Oats, Jeremy, Tate, Rhiannon, White, Heath, Elliott, Julian, Roach, Vijay, Homer, Caroline S.E., McGowan, Sharon, Ballenden, Nicola, Barrett, Terri‐Lee, Beavis, Vanessa, Saunders, James Beckford, Buchanan, Tanya, Buchanan‐Grey, Marina, Casey, Dawn, Cowie, Marita, Doyle, Joseph, Frydenberg, Mark, Gnjidic, Danijela, Green, Sally, Greenland, Rohan, Griffin, Ken, Groombridge, Stephan, Hardy, Louise, Hodak, Alison, Holley, Anthony, Jovanovska, Vase, Knight, Sabina, Michaels, Kristin, Morley, Peter, Morphet, Julia, Nou, Suzi, Russo, Phillip, Sarson, Megan, Young, Alan, Norris, Sarah, Morris‐Donovan, Bronwyn, Gurry, Sharon, Hudson, Eloise, Hurley, Shauna, Primmer, Declan, Timms, Samantha, Whicker, Susan, Mukherjee, Sutapa, Agostino, Jason, Booth, Karen, Burr, Lucy, Byers, Lyn, Cameron, Peter, Cooper, Megan, Cheng, Allen, Fowler, Peter, Glanville, Alan, Leder, Karin, McGloughlin, Steve, McMullan, Brendan, McPhee, Ewen, Mitchell, Brett, Morgan, Mark, Myles, Paul, O’Donnell, Chris, Parr, Michael, Phillips, Jane, Randall, Rebecca, Varndell, Wayne, Whyte, Ian, William, Leeroy, Brightwell, Richard, Condon, Lynda, Deshpande, Amrita, Ehm, Adam, Ferrie, Monica, Muller, Joanne, Pullin, Lara, Robinson, Elizabeth, Witt, Adele, Larkins, Sarah, Taylor, Georgina, Burgess, Paul, Burns, Penny, Douglas, Kirsty, Ewald, Ben, Ewald, Dan, Fornasier, Dianna, Nelson, Carmel, Peachey, Louis, Peiris, David, Driel, Mieke, Walters, Lucie, Weaver, Ineke, Hendel, Simon, Shekar, Kiran, Avard, Bronwyn, Cairns, Kelly, Glanville, Allan, Gilroy, Nicky, O’Sullivan, Robert, Robinson, Owen, Sharland, Chantal, McCarthy, Sally, Wark, Peter, McGoughlin, Steve, Nair, Priya, Hodgson, Carol, Ankravs, Melissa, French, Craig, Hansen, Kim, Huckson, Sue, Iredell, Jon, Janerka, Carrie, Jaspers, Rose, Litton, Ed, Macdonald, Stephen, Peake, Sandra, Seppelt, Ian, Bowen, Asha, Tingay, David, Vasilunas, Nan, Anderson, Lorraine, Best, James, Craig, Simon, Erickson, Simon, Fancourt, Nick, Goff, Zoy, Kapuya, Vimbai, Keyte, Catherine, Malyon, Lorelle, Wurzel, Danielle, Agar, Meera, Lindley, Richard, Smallwood, Natasha, Callary, Mandy, Chapman, Michael, Good, Philip, Jenkin, Peter, Morgan, Deidre, Naganathan, Vasi, Srikanth, Velandai, Tuffin, Penny, Whiting, Elizabeth, Yates, Patsy, Barber, Bridget, Davies, Jane, Davis, Josh, Gwee, Amanda, Matthews, Gail, McMahon, James, Peel, Trisha, Raftery, Chris, Rees, Megan, Roberts, Jason, Snelling, Tom, Wibrow, Brad, Baker, Ross, Curnow, Jennifer, Cutts, Briony, Enjeti, Anoop, Forbes, Andrew, Ho, Prahlad, Holyoak, Adam, Liley, Helen, McFadyen, James, McQuilten, Zoe, Merriman, Eileen, Savoia, Helen, Tan, Chee Wee, Tran, Huyen, Ward, Chris, Williams, Katrina, Ballard, Neil, Bendall, Samantha, Bhanderi, Neel, Ellis, Dan, Fairley, Craig, Hoggard, Brett, Cong, Minh Le, Pearce, Andrew, Turner, Tari, Callesen, Henriette, Campbell, Sue, Ring, Jenny, Wilson, Agnes, Henry, David, Pearson, Sallie, Boyle, Douglas, Chidwick, Kendal, Chapman, Wendy, Pearce, Chris, Bero, Lisa, Grundy, Quinn, Lexchin, Joel, and Mintzes, Barbara

Lei Huo, Gaiane M. Rauch, Alyson Clayborn, Tanbin Rahman, Pamela McCarthy, David Ramirez, Elizabeth Ravenberg, Sadia Saleem, Stacy L. Moulder, Clinton Yam, W. Fraser Symmans, Jason B White, James Stec, Sausan Abouharb, Bora Lim, Jennifer K. Litton, Senthil Damodaran, Meghan Sri Karuturi, and Ryan Sun

Jessica W.T. Leung, Rosalind P. Candelaria, Jong Bum Son, Elsa Arribas, Peng Wei, Hagar S. Mahmoud, Jingfei Ma, Marion E. Scoggins, Kenneth R. Hess, Jennifer K. Litton, Abeer H Abdelhafez, Stacy L. Moulder, Vicente Valero, Elizabeth Ravenberg, Alastair M. Thompson, Gary J. Whitman, Huong T. Le-Petross, Beatriz E. Adrada, Tanya W. Moseley, Mark D. Pagel, Gaiane M. Rauch, Deanna L. Lane, Benjamin C. Musall, Ken Pin Hwang, Jason B White, Lumarie Santiago, and Wei T. Yang

Diane Mackle, Richard Beasley, Colin McArthur, Glenn M Eastwood, Icu-Rox Investigators, Ross Freebairn, Paul J Young, Natalie J Linke, Simon Finfer, Rinaldo Bellomo, Michael Bailey, Adam M. Deane, Victoria King, Edward Litton, Rakshit Panwar, and Shay McGuinness

Jean Daniel Chiche, Alistair Nichol, Allen C. Cheng, Zahra Bhimani, Peter Kruger, Genevieve K. O'Neill, Paul J Young, Anthony C. Gordon, Jane Parker, Rachael Parke, Derek C. Angus, Kathryn M Rowan, Sebastiaan J. Hullegie, Anne Turner, Anna McGlothlin, Paul R Mouncey, Roger J. Lewis, John Marshall, Farah Al-Beidh, Steven A R Webb, Kristine Broglio, Srinivas Murthy, Lennie P. G. Derde, Colin McArthur, Alisa Higgins, Edward Litton, Scott M. Berry, Yaseen M. Arabi, Gernot Rohde, Menno de Jong, Herman Goossens, Frank M. Brunkhorst, Marc J.M. Bonten, Cameron Green, Wilma van Bentum-Puijk, Shay McGuinness, Michelle A. Detry, Francois Lamontagne, AII - Infectious diseases, and Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention

Jill R. Dietz, Ismail Jatoi, Elaine Kennedy, Nadine Tung, Nina A. Mayr, Dana Zakalik, E Hofstatter, Mark R. Somerfield, Judy C. Boughey, Claudine Isaacs, Mark G. Trombetta, Rubina Qamar, Isabelle Bedrosian, Jennifer K. Litton, Anthony E. Dragun, Brittany E. Harvey, Judith Balmana Gelpi, Lori J. Pierce, and Mark E. Robson

Jennifer K. Litton, Akos Czibere, Yanke Yu, Jenny Zheng, Mohamed Elmeliegy, Diane D. Wang, and Iulia Cristina Tudor

Edward Litton, Elizabeth Yarad, Julian A. Smith, Anthony Delaney, Noah Solman, Hugh Playford, Graham S. Hillis, Jennene Miller, Rachael Parke, Cheryl Dickson, Shay McGuiness, Christopher M. Reid, Deborah Inskip, Frances Bass, T. Jacques, Lavinia Tran, and David C. McGiffin

Mollie L. Hutton, Mary A. Dwyer, Catherine Klein, Robert Pilarski, Kala Visvanathan, Michael Goggins, Susan Darlow, Myra J. Wick, Carolyn S. Menendez, Jennifer K. Litton, Kenneth Offit, Gwen Reiser, Seema A. Khan, Holly J. Pederson, Matthew B. Yurgelun, Patricia I. Dickson, Mary B. Daly, Allison W. Kurian, Christine Laronga, Sofia D. Merajver, Kari B. Wisinski, Barbara S. Norquist, Michael Berry, Saundra S. Buys, Susan Hatters Friedman, Wendy Kohlmann, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Julie S. Mak, Ahmed Elkhanany, Judy Garber, Kristen M. Shannon, Susan M. Domchek, and Tuya Pal

Sathibalan Ponniah, Tommy A. Brown, Diane F. Hale, Constantin N. Baxevanis, N. F. Pistamaltzian, John W. Myers, Kaitlin M. Peace, Eleftheria A. Anastasopoulou, Doreen O. Jackson, Jennifer K. Litton, James L. Murray, Michael Papamichail, Nathan M. Shumway, James T. Symanowski, George E. Peoples, Alexandros Ardavanis, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, Sonia A. Perez, Timothy J. Vreeland, Julia M. Greene, and G. Travis Clifton

Abenaa M. Brewster, Rashmi Krishna Murthy, Alastair M. Thompson, Nuhad K. Ibrahim, Vicente Valero, Sarah M. DeSnyder, Senthil Damodaran, Helen Piwnica-Worms, Stacy L. Moulder, Gary J. Whitman, Thorunn Helgason, Jennifer K. Litton, Beatriz E. Adrada, Jill Schwartz-Gomez, Kenneth R. Hess, Carlos H. Barcenas, Banu Arun, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, and Marion E. Scoggins

Benjamin C. Musall, Beatriz E. Adrada, Rosalind P. Candelaria, Rania M. M. Mohamed, Abeer H. Abdelhafez, Jong Bum Son, Jia Sun, Lumarie Santiago, Gary J. Whitman, Tanya W. Moseley, Marion E. Scoggins, Hagar S. Mahmoud, Jason B. White, Ken‐Pin Hwang, Nabil A. Elshafeey, Medine Boge, Shu Zhang, Jennifer K. Litton, Vicente Valero, Debu Tripathy, Alastair M. Thompson, Clinton Yam, Peng Wei, Stacy L. Moulder, Mark D. Pagel, Wei T. Yang, Jingfei Ma, and Gaiane M. Rauch

Joanne L. Blum, A. Douglas Laird, Jennifer K. Litton, Hope S. Rugo, Johannes Ettl, Sara A. Hurvitz, Miguel Martin, Henri H. Roché, Kyung-Hun Lee, Annabel Goodwin, Ying Chen, Silvana Lanzalone, Jijumon Chelliserry, Akos Czibere, Julia F. Hopkins, Lee A. Albacker, and Lida A. Mina

Melissa Earwaker, Sofia Villar, Julia Fox-Rushby, Melissa Duckworth, Sarah Dawson, Jo Steele, Yi-da Chiu, Edward Litton, Gudrun Kunst, Gavin Murphy, Guillermo Martinez, Vasileios Zochios, Val Brown, Geoff Brown, Andrew Klein, Earwaker, Melissa [0000-0002-5448-2354], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository