1. Antiviral therapy use and related outcomes in patients with cancer and viral infections: results from SWOG S1204
- Author
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Hwang, Jessica P, Arnold, Kathryn B, Unger, Joseph M, Chugh, Rashmi, Tincopa, Monica A, Loomba, Rohit, Hershman, Dawn, and Ramsey, Scott D
- Subjects
Emerging Infectious Diseases ,HIV/AIDS ,Clinical Research ,Hepatitis - B ,Hepatitis ,Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis ,Cancer ,Liver Disease ,Hepatitis - C ,Infectious Diseases ,Digestive Diseases ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Infection ,Good Health and Well Being ,Adult ,Humans ,Hepatitis B ,Hepatitis B ,Chronic ,HIV Infections ,Prospective Studies ,Hepatitis C ,Hepatitis B virus ,Neoplasms ,Antiviral Agents ,Hepacivirus ,Hepatitis C virus ,HIV ,Latent infection ,Infection reactivation ,Antineoplastic agents ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Oncology & Carcinogenesis - Abstract
PurposeInformation is limited about adherence to practice guidelines in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or HIV infection receiving anticancer treatment.MethodsNewly diagnosed adult cancer patients were enrolled in a multicenter, prospective cohort study (SWOG S1204) during 2013-2017 to evaluate the prevalence of HBV, HCV, or HIV in patients initiating anticancer treatment. At 6 months, records of virus-positive patients were reviewed for antiviral therapy use; anticancer treatment dose reduction; and HBV reactivation (elevated viral load). Categorical variables were compared using chi-square or Fisher's exact test.ResultsOf 3055 enrolled patients with viral testing, 230 had chronic or past HBV, HCV, or HIV with 6-month follow-up data (chronic HBV, 15 patients; past HBV, 158; HCV, 49; HIV, 30). Twenty percent (3/15) of chronic HBV and 11% (17/158) of past HBV patients were co-infected with HCV and/or HIV. Rates of antiviral therapy use by 6 months were as follows: chronic HBV, 85% (11/13); past HBV receiving anti-B cell therapy, 60% (3/5); past HBV receiving systemic anticancer therapy without anti-B cell therapy, 8% (8/105); HCV, 6% (2/35); and HIV, 90% (19/21). Among patients with available data, anticancer treatment dose was reduced in 1 of 145 patients with past HBV and 1 of 42 with HCV. HBV reactivation occurred in 1 of 15 patients with chronic HBV; this patient was not receiving antiviral therapy.ConclusionMany patients with cancer and viral infections either do not receive guideline-recommended antiviral treatment or receive antiviral treatment that is not recommended in guidelines. Further education is needed to improve adherence to guidelines.
- Published
- 2023