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BACKGROUND: Drug resistant epilepsy (DRE) patients not amenable to epilepsy surgery can benefit from neurostimulation. Few data compare different neuromodulation strategies. OBJECTIVE: Compare five invasive neuromodulation strategies for treatment of DRE: anterior thalamic nuclei deep brain stimulation (ANT-DBS), centromedian thalamic nuclei DBS (CM-DBS), responsive neurostimulation (RNS), chronic subthreshold stimulation (CSS), and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). METHODS: Single center retrospective review and phone survey for patients implanted with invasive neuromodulation for 2004–2021. RESULTS: N=159 (ANT-DBS=38, CM-DBS=19, RNS=30, CSS=32, VNS=40). Total median seizure reduction (MSR) was 61% for the entire cohort (IQR 5–90) and in descending order: CSS (85%), CM-DBS (63%), ANT-DBS (52%), RNS (50%), and VNS (50%); p=0.07. Responder rate was 60% after median follow-up time of 26 months. Seizure severity, life satisfaction and quality of sleep were improved. Cortical stimulation (RNS and CSS) was associated with improved seizure reduction compared to subcortical stimulation (ANT-DBS, CM-DBS, and VNS) (67% vs. 52%). Effectiveness was similar for focal epilepsy vs generalized epilepsy, closed loop vs open loop stimulation, pediatric vs. adult cases, and high frequency (>100 Hz) vs low frequency (

The Fifth International Workshop on Advances in Electrocorticography convened in San Diego, CA, on November 7–8, 2013. In the interval year since the last workshop, advancements in methodology, implementation, and commercialization across both research and clinical interests were the focus of the gathering. Electrocorticography (ECoG) is now firmly established as a preferred signal source for advanced research in functional, cognitive, and neuroprosthetic domains. Published output in ECoG fields has increased tenfold in the past decade. This proceedings attempts to summarize the state of the art.

The Fourth International Workshop on Advances in Electrocorticography (ECoG) convened in New Orleans, LA, on October 11-12, 2012. The proceedings of the workshop serves as an accurate record of the most contemporary clinical and experimental work on brain surface recording and represents the insights of a unique multidisciplinary ensemble of expert clinicians and scientists. Presentations covered a broad range of topics, including innovations in passive functional mapping, increased understanding of pathologic high-frequency oscillations, evolving sensor technologies, a human trial of ECoG-driven brain-machine interface, as well as fresh insights into brain electrical stimulation.