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In this review, we described the history of vaccination, the different types of vaccines, and how vaccination coverage has been affected by the current COVID-19 pandemic. The effectiveness of the vaccines under metabolic host conditions is analyzed, especially when people have lost their immunocompetence, such as in patients with chronic kidney disease who are in dialysis treatment. Vaccines are produced in a variety of industrial methods, modifying costs. The novel field of vaccinomics includes the set of immune responses, the satisfactory levels of neutralizing antibodies, the production of metabolites, and the induction of protein expression. Finally, an analysis is made of the confusing messages regarding vaccination that are disseminated on social networks, and general recommendations are given.En esta revisión se describen el historial de vacunación, los diferentes tipos de vacunas y cómo la cobertura de vacunación se ha visto afectada por la pandemia actual de COVID-19. Se analiza la efectividad de las vacunas en condiciones metabólicas del huésped, especialmente cuando las personas han perdido su inmunocompetencia, como los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica que están en tratamiento de diálisis. Las vacunas se producen con una variedad de métodos industriales, modificando los costos. El nuevo campo de la vacunómica incluye el conjunto de respuestas inmunitarias, los niveles satisfactorios de anticuerpos neutralizantes, la producción de metabolitos y la inducción de la expresión de proteínas. Finalmente, se analizan los confusos mensajes sobre vacunación que se difunden en las redes sociales y se dan recomendaciones generales.

High serum uric acid concentration (SUA6 for women [W] or 7 mg/dL for men [M]) in adults is an independent risk factor for causing cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD); the risk of high SUA in young population is still being debated.We conducted an epidemiological study to determine the association between SUA quartiles with cardiometabolic risk factors (CRF) and renal impairment in apparently healthy young adults. CRF (dyslipidemia, overweight [Ow], obesity [Ob], blood pressure [BP], hyperglycemia, insulin resistance [IR]) and renal impairment were defined as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration formula130/120,90 mL/min/1.73 m2, and proteinuria were measured in 18- to 25-year-old students (total n = 5,531). Adjusted ORs by sex were calculated using logistic regression.The mean SUA was 4.5 ± 1.04 and 6.2 ± 1.2 mg/dL in W and M respectively. High SUA was found in 13.9% (n = 767); prevalence of Ow/Ob 69% (528 of 767), high BP 9% (67), hyperglycemia 15% (112), IR 47% (214), hypertriglyceridemia 35% (269), high LDL-c 16% (120), low HDL-c 52% (399), and metabolic syndrome 33% (249). Prevalence of high GFR was 13% (103), low GFR 8% (62) and proteinuria 5% (37). All risk factors showed a positive relationship with the SUA quartiles with high LDL-c with lowest risk (OR 1.7) and Ow/Ob with highest risk (OR 4.1), independent of sex. Key Messages: High SUA concentrations (M ≥6.2/W ≥4.5 mg/dL) are associated with CRF and renal impairment in young adults. It is necessary to reevaluate the cutoff points for UA in young adults.