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3 results on '"Jérôme Kervevan"'

1. Role of CD4+ T Cells in the Control of Viral Infections: Recent Advances and Open Questions

Author

Jérôme, Kervevan and Lisa A, Chakrabarti

Subjects
T Follicular Helper Cells, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, HIV controllers, Cell Differentiation, HIV Infections, Review, virus, Adaptive Immunity, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Immunity, Humoral, antiviral immunity, CD4+ T cell, Humans, T cell receptor
Abstract

CD4+ T cells orchestrate adaptive immune responses through their capacity to recruit and provide help to multiple immune effectors, in addition to exerting direct effector functions. CD4+ T cells are increasingly recognized as playing an essential role in the control of chronic viral infections. In this review, we present recent advances in understanding the nature of CD4+ T cell help provided to antiviral effectors. Drawing from our studies of natural human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) control, we then focus on the role of high-affinity T cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes in mediating antiviral CD4+ T cell responses. Last, we discuss the role of TCR affinity in determining CD4+ T cell differentiation, reviewing the at times divergent studies associating TCR signal strength to the choice of a T helper 1 (Th1) or a T follicular helper (Tfh) cell fate.

Published
2020

2. Triggering of TLR-3, -4, NOD2, and DC-SIGN reduces viral replication and increases T-cell activation capacity of HIV-infected human dendritic cells

Author

Maria-Candela Iglesias, Victor Appay, Sylvain Cardinaud, Arnaud Moris, Anne Bet, Clémence Richetta, Stéphanie Graff-Dubois, Emmanuel Atangana Maze, Jérôme Kervevan, Angeline Rouers, Alejandra Urrutia, Pierre-Grégoire Coulon, Martin Larsen, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), and LARSEN, Martin

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, T cell, Immunology, Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein, Receptors, Cell Surface, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Biology, Lymphocyte Activation, Virus Replication, DC-SIGN, Cytosine Deaminase, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, TLR, Cytidine Deaminase, NOD2, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Cytotoxic T cell, Lectins, C-Type, APOBEC Deaminases, NOD, Antigen Presentation, Innate immune system, Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules, APOBEC3, hemic and immune systems, Dendritic Cells, Acquired immune system, Virology, Toll-Like Receptor 3, Toll-Like Receptor 4, CTL, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Viral replication, HIV-1, biology.protein, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Cell Adhesion Molecules, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic, 030215 immunology
Abstract

International audience; A variety of signals influence the capacity of dendritic cells (DCs) to mount potent antiviral cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) responses. In particular, innate immune sensing by pathogen recognition receptors, such as TLR and C-type lectines, influences DC biology and affects their susceptibility to HIV infection. Yet, whether the combined effects of PPRs triggering and HIV infection influence HIV-specific (HS) CTL responses remain enigmatic. Here, we dissect the impact of innate immune sensing by pathogen recognition receptors on DC maturation, HIV infection, and on the quality of HS CTL activation. Remarkably, ligand-driven triggering of TLR-3, -4, NOD2, and DC-SIGN, despite reducing viral replication, markedly increased the capacity of infected DCs to stimulate HS CTLs. This was exemplified by the diversity and the quantity of cytokines produced by HS CTLs primed by these DCs. Infecting DCs with viruses harboring members of the APOBEC family of antiviral factors enhanced the antigen-presenting skills of infected DCs. Our results highlight the tight interplay between innate and adaptive immunity and may help develop innovative immunotherapies against viral infections.

Published
2017
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3. Low CCR5 expression protects HIV-specific CD4+ T cells of elite controllers from viral entry

Author

Mathieu Claireaux, Rémy Robinot, Jérôme Kervevan, Mandar Patgaonkar, Isabelle Staropoli, Anne Brelot, Alexandre Nouël, Stacy Gellenoncourt, Xian Tang, Mélanie Héry, Stevenn Volant, Emeline Perthame, Véronique Avettand-Fenoël, Julian Buchrieser, Thomas Cokelaer, Christiane Bouchier, Laurence Ma, Faroudy Boufassa, Samia Hendou, Valentina Libri, Milena Hasan, David Zucman, Pierre de Truchis, Olivier Schwartz, Olivier Lambotte, Lisa A. Chakrabarti, Virus et Immunité - Virus and immunity (CNRS-UMR3569), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Microbiologie Clinique [AP-HP Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biomics (plateforme technologique), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Cytometrie et Biomarqueurs – Cytometry and Biomarkers (UTechS CB), Hôpital Foch [Suresnes], Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Immunologie des Maladies Virales et Autoimmunes (IMVA - U1184), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), This work was supported by grants to L.A.C. from ANRS (17218 and 19206), Institut Pasteur (PasteurInnov TETRHIS), and ANR (14 CE 16002901). The Biomics Platform is a member of the 'France Génomique' consortium (ANR10-INBS-09-08). M.C. was the recipient of a Sidaction fellowship, R.R. of a Pasteur Carnot MS and a Sidaction fellowships, M.P. of an ANRS fellowship, and S.G. of a MESR/Université de Paris fellowship., We are grateful to patients who participated in the study. We thank the investigators of the ANRS CO21 CODEX cohort and Camille Lecuroux for help with recruitment of controller patients, Morgane Marcou and Katia Bourdic for help with recruitment of treated patients, Bernard Lagane for the gift of plamids, and Sophie Novault from the Pasteur CB UTechS for advice on cell sorting. MHC class II tetramer reagents were provided by the NIH Tetramer Core facility at Emory University. The following reagent was obtained through the NIH AIDS Reagent Program, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH: HIV-1 PTE Gag peptide set (Cat # 11554)., ANR-14-CE16-0029,PD1VAX,Une nouvelle stratégie de vaccination par vecteur ADN PD1 pour mimer les réponses spécifiques de Gag trouvées chez les contrôleurs spontanés du VIH(2014), and ANR-10-INBS-0009,France-Génomique,Organisation et montée en puissance d'une Infrastructure Nationale de Génomique(2010)

Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Viral membrane fusion, MESH: Mutation, Receptors, CXCR3, Receptors, CCR5, Science, MESH: Virus Internalization, viruses, General Physics and Astronomy, Down-Regulation, Gene Products, gag, HIV Infections, MESH: Receptors, CCR5, MESH: Down-Regulation, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, MESH: Receptors, CXCR3, MESH: HIV-1, MESH: Elite Controllers, Humans, MESH: Humans, Multidisciplinary, Retrovirus, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, MESH: CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, virus diseases, MESH: HIV Infections, General Chemistry, Virus Internalization, MESH: Chemokines, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, MESH: Gene Products, gag, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Mutation, MESH: Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, HIV-1, Chemokines, Elite Controllers
Abstract

HIV elite controllers maintain a population of CD4 + T cells endowed with high avidity for Gag antigens and potent effector functions. How these HIV-specific cells avoid infection and depletion upon encounter with the virus remains incompletely understood. Ex vivo characterization of single Gag-specific CD4 + T cells reveals an advanced Th1 differentiation pattern in controllers, except for the CCR5 marker, which is downregulated compared to specific cells of treated patients. Accordingly, controller specific CD4 + T cells show decreased susceptibility to CCR5-dependent HIV entry. Two controllers carried biallelic mutations impairing CCR5 surface expression, indicating that in rare cases CCR5 downregulation can have a direct genetic cause. Increased expression of β-chemokine ligands upon high-avidity antigen/TCR interactions contributes to autocrine CCR5 downregulation in controllers without CCR5 mutations. These findings suggest that genetic and functional regulation of the primary HIV coreceptor CCR5 play a key role in promoting natural HIV control., Here, Claireaux et al. show that people who naturally control HIV infection express lower levels of the viral co-receptor CCR5 in specific CD4+ T cells, and that this results from mutations or receptor internalization by CD4+ T cell-produced chemokines.

Published
2019
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