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Objective To evaluate the outcomes of men diagnosed with prostate cancer (CaP) following implanted treatments for advanced heart failure. Given the increasingly favorable 10-year life expectancy, MedStar Washington Hospital Center screens heart transplant (HT) candidates for CaP and other malignancies prior to intervention. Methods Men aged 18-90 with available pretransplant Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) who underwent left ventricular assist device (LVAD) and/or HT at MedStar Washington Hospital Center from 2007 to 2018 were identified. Serum PSA, CaP diagnosis, and treatment were captured and analyzed. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results Data were available for 34 patients. Median age was 53 [IQR = 51-58]. Median follow-up was 77 months (95% CI = 40-87 months). Six men had postimplant elevated PSA (5.3; SD = 8.5) and 4 were diagnosed with CaP. Median age of CaP diagnosis was 59 [IQR = 58.5-62). As of 2018, 31 of the 34 patients were living, and none died from CaP. Five-year survival was 96% in those without CaP and 100% in those with CaP (Figure 2). Conclusion Our cohort represents the largest known cohort with heart failure treated by LVAD and/or HT and CaP. Our median age of 59 at CaP diagnosis is considerably younger than the national median of 66. 1 Of the 4 individuals diagnosed with CaP, 3 had high-grade disease. Given the favorable long-term survival of these patients post-LVAD and/or HT, age-appropriate treatment for CaP should be continued postimplantation.

To examine the safety of single modality mechanical venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in patients undergoing urethroplasty. VTE is a perioperative complication with significant morbidity. Routine use of peri-operative VTE prophylaxis is common guideline-driven practice across multiple surgical specialties. There is a discrepancy between guideline recommendations and clinical practice in the administration of peri-operative low-dose unfractionated heparin (LDUH) for urethroplasty.Patients were identified from an IRB-approved database of patients undergoing urethral reconstruction by a single surgeon at MedStar Washington Hospital Center from 2012 to 2020. All patients had sequential compression devices (SCD) prior to anesthesia induction. Select patients received LDUH as dual prophylaxis. Primary endpoint was perioperative VTE within 30 days.We identified 345 patients who met inclusion criteria. Sixty-nine patients received peri-operative LDUH. One patient had a deep vein thrombosis in the SCD only group.Routine LDUH administration likely overtreats men undergoing urethroplasty. There may be a subset of men in whom dual prophylaxis with LDUH and SCD is beneficial for prevention of VTE. Current guidelines do not offer adequate criteria to identify these men. We offer clinical considerations to help guide further study to identify these patients.

Background Ureteral obstruction after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) may require prolonged drainage with a nephrostomy tube (NT) or ureteral stent, but it is not well understood how and why this occurs. The goal of this study was to identify risk factors associated with postoperative ureteral obstruction to help guide drainage tube selection. Methods Prospective data from adult patients enrolled in the Registry for Stones of the Kidney and Ureter (ReSKU) who underwent PCNL from 2016 to 2020 were used. Patients who had postoperative NTs with antegrade imaging-based flow assessment on postoperative day one (POD1) were included. Patients with transplanted kidneys or those without appropriate preoperative imaging were excluded. We assessed the association between patient demographics, stone characteristics, and intraoperative factors using POD1 antegrade flow, a proxy for ureteral patency, as the primary outcome. Stepwise selection was used to develop a multivariate logistic regression model controlling for BMI, stone location, stone burden, ipsilateral ureteroscopy (URS), access location, estimated blood loss, and operative time. Results We analyzed 241 cases for this study; 204 (84.6%) had a visual clearance of stone. Antegrade flow on POD1 was absent in 76 cases (31.5%). A multivariate logistic regression model found that stones located anywhere other than in the renal pelvis (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.29–5.53; p = 0.01), non-lower pole access (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.42–5.74; p p = 0.05) increased the likelihood of obstruction. BMI, pre-operative stone burden, EBL, and operative time did not affect antegrade flow outcomes. Conclusion Concurrent ipsilateral URS, absence of stones in the renal pelvis, and non-lower pole access are associated with increased likelihood of ureteral obstruction after PCNL. Access location appears to be the strongest predictor. Recognizing these risk factors can be helpful in guiding postoperative tube management.

Morbidity and mortality associated with pediatric necrotizing fasciitis are strongly dependent on early diagnosis and timely intervention. Yet, the lack of early cutaneous findings and nonspecific symptoms may result in initial delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. Infants may be particularly at risk of missed or delayed diagnosis due to inherent barriers in communication and rarity of the condition, especially among healthy patients. We describe two cases of necrotizing fasciitis following routine genitourinary surgery in healthy infants.

Pain after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is thought to arise from the dilated renal tract rather than from the skin incision, and the response to traditional analgesics is typically limited.[1] To address this problem, the erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has recently been identified as safe and effective method to target kidney pain. While both T8 and T11 have been reported to be effective in relieving renal colic and surgical pain after PCNL, T11 is hypothesized to have greater ureteral coverage.[2-6].