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Despite the abundance of studies investigating the benefits of having a dog, the specific aspects of dog ownership that impacts human well-being are not well understood. This study used a qualitative approach to create a framework of the main dog-related activities perceived by Brazilian owners to impact their well-being and compared the findings with those of a similar study in England. Thirty-two Brazilian dog owners from the five regions of the country were remotely interviewed. The thematic analysis of the transcripts generated a total of 58 dog-related activities, organised into 13 themes. Most activities were reported to have a positive effect on participants’ well-being, accounting for 76.8% of the total number of mentions in the interviews. ‘Playing with dog’ and ‘Dog presence’ were the themes most frequently associated with positive well-being outcomes, whereas ‘Unwanted behaviours’ and ‘Failing to meet dog's needs’ were the most commonly associated with negative outcomes. The dog-related activities reported by Brazilian dog owners and the well-being outcomes linked to those activities were consistent with the previous British sample in the framework that emerged. These findings suggest reliability between the two methods used to gather data (remote interview versus focus group) and, most importantly, provide consistent cross-cultural evidence for how certain activities impact dog owner’s well-being.

World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions -- NOV 09-11, 2017 -- Chicago, IL, WOS: 000435799100012, PubMed ID: 29926951, A new periodontitis classification scheme has been adopted, in which forms of the disease previously recognized as "chronic" or "aggressive" are now grouped under a single category ("periodontitis") and are further characterized based on a multi-dimensional staging and grading system. Staging is largely dependent upon the severity of disease at presentation as well as on the complexity of disease management, while grading provides supplemental information about biological features of the disease including a history-based analysis of the rate of periodontitis progression; assessment of the risk for further progression; analysis of possible poor outcomes of treatment; and assessment of the risk that the disease or its treatment may negatively affect the general health of the patient. Necrotizing periodontal diseases, whose characteristic clinical phenotype includes typical features (papilla necrosis, bleeding, and pain) and are associated with host immune response impairments, remain a distinct periodontitis category. Endodontic-periodontal lesions, defined by a pathological communication between the pulpal and periodontal tissues at a given tooth, occur in either an acute or a chronic form, and are classified according to signs and symptoms that have direct impact on their prognosis and treatment. Periodontal abscesses are defined as acute lesions characterized by localized accumulation of pus within the gingival wall of the periodontal pocket/sulcus, rapid tissue destruction and are associated with risk for systemic dissemination., Amer Acad Periodontol Fdn, Colgate, Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc, Geistlich Biomaterials, SUNSTAR, Procter & Gamble Profess Oral Hlth, European Federat Periodontol, Amer Acad Periodontol, American Academy of Periodontology Foundation; Colgate; Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc.; Geistlich Biomaterials; SUNSTAR; Procter & Gamble Professional Oral Health, The work shop was planned and conducted jointly by the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology with financial support from the American Academy of Periodontology Foundation, Colgate, Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Geistlich Biomaterials, SUNSTAR, and Procter & Gamble Professional Oral Health.

Background: The use of locally delivered antibacterials containing chlorhexidine (CHX) was proposed to improve the effectiveness of non-surgical periodontal treatment. The present multicenter randomized study investigated the effects of a xanthan-based chlorhexidine (Xan-CHX) gel used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Methods: Ninety-eight systemically healthy subjects with moderate to advanced periodontitis were recruited in four centers (59 females and 39 males; aged 24 to 58 years). For each subject, two experimental sites located in two symmetric quadrants were chosen with probing depths (PD) ‡5 mm and positive for bleeding on probing (BOP). These two sites were randomized at the split-mouth level with one receiving a single SRP treatment and the other receiving a single SRP + Xan-CHX gel treatment. Supragingival plaque, modified gingival index, PD, clinical attachment level (CAL), and BOP were evaluated at baseline (prior to any treatment) and after 3 and 6 months. At the same times, subgingival microbiologic samples and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected for the analysis of total bacterial counts (TBCs), including the identification of eight putative periodontopathogens, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, respectively. Results: The Xan-CHX treatment group showed greater improvements compared to the SRP group for PD and CAL at 3a nd 6m onths (P

Objectives To elaborate an ECG-based nomogram estimating the probability to detect cardiac involvement by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in Fabry Disease (FD). Methods 119 FD patients and 26 healthy controls underwent ECG and CMR. Test (n = 88, 60%) and validation cohorts (n = 57, 40%) were randomly derived. Cardiac involvement was defined as the presence of low myocardial T1 value, a CMR-surrogate of myocardial glycosphingolipid storage. ECG changes associated with low T1 value were identified in the test cohort, included in the nomogram and then tested in the validation cohort. Results Sokolow-Lyon index (AUC = 0.769), ratio between P-wave and PR-segment durations (Pwave/PRsegment) (AUC = 0.778), QRS duration (AUC = 0.703), QT (AUC = 0.769) duration were independently associated with the presence of low T1 on CMR at multivariate analysis. An ECG-based nomogram including these four parameters was accurate in identifying patients with CMR evidence of glycosphingolipid storage (c-index of the derived-nomogram = 0.90 in the test group; 0.81 in the validation group). Conclusion We propose a practical ECG-based nomogram accurately estimating the probability to detect low T1 values by CMR in FD patients. The application of this tool in clinical practice could improve early detection of FD cardiac involvement.

Laser engineering may create hemispherical porosities on titanium surfaces obtaining regular and predetermined rough titanium surfaces. The aim of this study was to assess the viability and the proliferation of primary osteoblast-like cells (OB) to growth factors on titanium surfaces with a different roughness in vitro.OB were obtained from volunteers undergoing wisdom tooth removal following a standardized protocol. OB were allowed to attach on 4 different titanium surfaces: sandblasted titanium (SBT) disks, 5-, 10-, and 20-μm regular laser-engineered micropore titanium disks. A well with no disk was used as control. Cell morphology was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy. Viability was measured with MTT (3[4,5 dimethylthiazol 2yl]2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Proliferation rate of attached cells was evaluated with Cell Counting Kit-8 48 hours after platelet-released supernatant (PRS) application. Statistical analysiswas performed with analysis of variance test.All surfaces showed OB attachment on scanning electron microscopy. OB appeared more numerous on 20T surfaces. Laser-engineered surfaces showed higher OB viability than SBT (P0.01). In terms of proliferation, viability increase was noted for all groups after platelet-released supernatant application. 20T and SBT disks seemed to trigger the higher cellular proliferation (20T vs 10T, P0.05).Laser-engineered porous titanium surfaces promote viability and proliferation of OB. In particular, hemispherical porosity of 20 μm seems to trigger the higher OB response. Further research is needed to confirm these data.

ObjectivesTo evaluate the role of the ECG in the differential diagnosis between Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).MethodsIn this multicentre retrospective study, 111 AFD patients with left ventricular hypertrophy were compared with 111 patients with HCM, matched for sex, age and maximal wall thickness by propensity score. Independent ECG predictors of AFD were identified by multivariate analysis, and a multiparametric ECG score-based algorithm for differential diagnosis was developed.ResultsShort PR interval, prolonged QRS duration, right bundle branch block (RBBB), R in augmented vector left (aVL) ≥1.1 mV and inferior ST depression independently predicted AFD diagnosis. A point-by-point ECG score was then derived with the following diagnostic performances: c-statistic 0.80 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.86) for discrimination, the Hosmel-Lemeshow χ2 6.14 (p=0.189) for calibration, sensitivity 69%, specificity 84%, positive predictive value 82% and negative predictive value 72%. After bootstrap resampling, the mean optimism was 0.025, and the internal validated c-statistic for the score was 0.78.ConclusionsStandard ECG can help to differentiate AFD from HCM while investigating unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy. Short PR interval, prolonged QRS duration, RBBB, R in aVL ≥1.1 mV and inferior ST depression independently predicted AFD. Their systematic evaluation and the integration in a multiparametric ECG score can support AFD diagnosis.

Aims Fabry cardiomyopathy is characterized by glycosphingolipid storage and increased myocardial trabeculation has also been demonstrated. This study aimed to explore by cardiac magnetic resonance whether myocardial trabecular complexity, quantified by endocardial border fractal analysis, tracks phenotype evolution in Fabry cardiomyopathy. Methods and results Study population included 20 healthy controls (12 males, age 32±9) and 45 Fabry patients divided into three groups: 15 left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)-negative patients with normal T1 (5 males, age 28±13; Group 1); 15 LVH-negative patients with low T1 (9 males, age 33±9.6; Group 2); 15 LVH-positive patients (11 males, age 53.5±9.6; Group 3). Trabecular fractal dimensions (Dfs) (total, basal, mid-ventricular, and apical) were evaluated on cine images. Total Df was higher in all Fabry groups compared to controls, gradually increasing from controls to Group 3 (1.27±0.02 controls vs. 1.29±0.02 Group 1 vs. 1.30±0.02 Group 2 vs. 1.34±0.02 Group 3; P Conclusion Fabry cardiomyopathy is characterized by a progressive increase in Df of endocardial trabeculae together with shortening of T1 values. Myocardial trabeculation is increased before the presence of detectable sphingolipid storage, thus representing an early sign of cardiac involvement.

Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD) cardiomyopathy is characterized by glycosphingolipid (Gb3) storage in all cellular components, with consequent left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Gb3 accumulation also involves atrial myocytes ([1][1]), ultimately leading to left atrial (LA) enlargement and reduced

Background: In prehypertrophic Fabry disease, low myocardial T1 values, reflecting sphingolipid storage, are associated with early structural and ECG changes. The correlations between T1 values and functional parameters have not been explored. Furthermore, the potential prognostic role of T1 in predicting disease worsening is still unknown. Methods: ECG, 2D echocardiography, cardiopulmonary test, and cardiac magnetic resonance were performed in 44 Fabry patients without left ventricular hypertrophy (35.7±14.5 years, 68.2% females). After a 12-month follow-up, clinical stability was evaluated using Fabry Stabilization Index. Results: At baseline, T1 values showed a negative correlation with left ventricular mass ( r =−0.79; P r =−0.79; P r =−0.54; P r =−0.49; P r =−0.61; P 20%) at follow-up. Higher left ventricular wall thickness (odds ratio, 2.61; CI, 1.04–6.57; P =0.04), left atrial volume (odds ratio, 1.24; CI, 1.02–1.51; P =0.03), and lower T1 values (odds ratio, 0.98; CI, 0.96–0.99; P =0.03) at baseline were independently associated with clinical worsening at follow-up. Conclusions: In prehypertrophic Fabry disease, low T1 values correlate with early electrocardiographic, morphological cardiac changes, and worsening of global disease severity but are not associated with functional abnormalities. The presence of low T1 values is a risk factor for disease worsening, thus representing a potential new tool in prognostic stratification and therapeutic approach.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of conservative surgical treatment of medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients affected by osteoporosis and exposed to oral bisphosphonates (BPs). Subjects diagnosed with MRONJ and osteoporosis under oral BPs that had undergone conservative surgery and had at least 24 months follow-up were included. All patients received medical-antibiotic therapy and then underwent conservative surgical treatment consisting of sequestrectomy, soft tissue debridement and bone curettage with limited or no extension. A total of 53 patients, mean age of 71.9 ± 10.2 years (range 41-87), were enrolled. Two years after conservative surgical therapy 45 patients (91.8%) showed complete healing. The presence of rheumatoid arthritis (p = 0.003) and a more severe initial MRONJ stage (p = 0.023) were associated with a negative surgical outcome while the presence of bone sequestrum was strongly associated with a positive outcome (p = 0.036). Conservative surgical treatment of MRONJ lesions in patients affected by osteoporosis and receiving only oral BPs may represent a valid therapeutic approach determining a high number of complete healing cases. Conservative surgery should be encouraged at early MRONJ stages and after medical therapy failure.

We evaluated retrospectively the efficacy of local resection for patients who presented with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). We studied 120 subjects with who required local resection of 129 BRONJ lesions that had not responded to medical treatment. The primary outcomes were improvement of the clinical stage of BRONJ and resolution of disease, and the secondary outcome was the influence of the surgeon's experience on the healing of the lesions. Age, sex, underlying diseases, smoking, and coexisting conditions were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to isolate factors that could potentially affect the outcome. Most of the lesions (n=107, 84%) improved postoperatively, 20 showed no change, and one got worse. One patient died. Stratification indicated complete healing and total resolution of disease for all 26 stage I lesions, improvement for 67 of the 77 stage II lesions, and for 14 of the 25 stage III lesions. The disease resolved in 67 of the 69 stage II lesions, and 14 of the stage III cases. Logistic regression indicated that smoking and the stage of disease could affect the outcome. Analysis of the surgeons' learning curve showed that performance improved significantly over time. Complete healing after local resection increased from 40% to 80% over a period of eight years (p

Aim: To systematically review the literature and to determine the clinical performance of conservative surgery (CS) for the treatment of intrabony defects (ID). Methods: RCTs on ID treatment with 12 months of follow-up were identified through electronic databases and hand-searched journals. Primary outcomes were tooth survival, clinical attachment (CAL) gain, probing depth (PD) reduction and gingival recession increase (REC). Weighted means and forest plots were calculated for each outcome variable 12 months after surgery. Long-term stability was explored with RCTs of at least 24 months of follow-up. Subgroup analysis was performed according to the type of flap. Results: Twenty-seven trials reporting 647 subjects and 734 defects were identified. Twelve months after CS, tooth survival was 98% (IQ: 96.77-100), CAL gain 1.65 mm (95% CI: 1.37-1.94; p < 0.0001), PD reduction 2.80 mm (CI: 2.43-3.18; p < 0.0001) and REC increase 1.26 mm (CI: 0.94-1.49; p < 0.0001). Longer follow-up showed similar findings. CI of CAL gain were 1.44-3.52 for recently introduced papilla preservation flaps and 1.25-1.89 mm for access flaps. Conclusions: The treatment of intrabony defect with CS is associated with high tooth retention and improvement of periodontal clinical parameters. Clinical performance may vary according to the type of surgical flap used. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of the surgical treatment of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) in a large cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort multicenter study was designed. Patients were enrolled if they were diagnosed with BRONJ and received operative treatment. Data on demographic, health status, perioperative, and surgical factors were collected retrospectively. The primary outcome variable was a change in BRONJ staging (improvement, worsening, or no change). Interventions were grouped by local debridement and resective surgery. Data were collected for other variables as cofactors. Univariate analysis and logistic regressions were then performed. RESULTS: Of the 347 BRONJ-affected subjects, 59% showed improvement, 30% showed no change, and 11% showed worsening. Improvement was observed in 49% of cases treated with local debridement and 68% of cases treated with resective surgery. Multivariate analysis indicated that maxillary location, resective surgery, and no additional corticosteroid treatment were associated with a positive outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of BRONJ appeared to be more effective when resective procedures were performed. Nonetheless, other factors, such as the absence of symptoms and the types of drug administration, should be taken into account before clinical decisions are made.

AIM: To describe the kinetics of serum inflammatory markers after a course of treatment comprising surgical and non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis (CP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fourteen CP cases received full-mouth non-surgical treatment and, after 6 months, at least two surgical sessions. Blood samples were collected at various time-points after treatment. Blood markers of systemic inflammation/coagulation including leucocyte counts, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid-A (SAA) and D-dimers and renal function (cystatin C) were determined using high-sensitivity assays. RESULTS: Periodontal treatment resulted in substantial reductions of the number of pockets, gingival bleeding and plaque at 3 and 6 months after non-surgical therapy (p

In metazoa, the spatio-temporal translation of diverse mRNAs is essential to guarantee proper oocyte maturation and early embryogenesis. The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), which binds the 5' cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs, associates with either stimulatory or inhibitory factors to modulate protein synthesis. In order to identify novel factors that might act at the translational level during Drosophila oogenesis, we have undertaken a functional proteomic approach and isolated the product of the Hsp83 gene, the evolutionarily conserved chaperone Hsp90, as a specific component of the cap-binding complex. Here we report that Hsp90 interacts in vitro with the translational repressor Cup. In addition, we show that Hsp83 and cup interact genetically, since lowering Hsp90 activity enhances the oogenesis alterations linked to diverse cup mutant alleles. Hsp90 and Cup co-localize in the cytoplasm of the developing germ-line cells within the germarium, thus suggesting a common function from the earliest stages of oogenesis. Taken together, our data start elucidating the role of Hsp90 during Drosophila female germ-line development and strengthen the idea that Cup has multiple essential functions during egg chamber development.

Microbial penetration inside an implant's internal cavity results in a bacterial reservoir that has been associated with an area of inflamed connective tissue facing the fixture-abutment junction. The aim of the present clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 1% chlorhexidine gel on the internal bacterial contamination of implants with screw-retained abutments.Thirty subjects (age range: 27.3 to 54.2 years) underwent single implant restoration. Three months after prosthodontic restoration, the modified sulcus bleeding index, modified plaque index, full-mouth plaque score, and full-mouth bleeding score were recorded. Microbiologic samples were also collected from the internal part of each fixture. Subjects were then divided into two equal groups: control and test groups (CG and TG, respectively). The CG had the abutment screwed and the crown cemented without any further intervention. Conversely, the TG had the internal part of the fixture filled with a 1% chlorhexidine gel before the abutment placement and screw tightening. Six months later, microbiologic and clinical procedures were repeated in both groups. Total bacterial count and multiplex polymerase chain analysis were performed to detect specific pathogens.Clinical parameters remained stable throughout the study. From baseline to the 6-month examination, the total bacterial counts underwent a significant reduction in the TG (P0.05). Detection of the single pathogen species did not show any significant differences. However, periopathogens were detected more frequently in the CG.The application of a 1% chlorhexidine gel seemed to be an effective method to reduce bacterial colonization of the implant cavity over a 6-month period.

This randomized controlled clinical trial was designed to compare the clinical outcomes of guided tissue regeneration with calcium sulfate graft and membrane (CS) versus guided tissue regeneration with collagen membrane (CM) or open flap debridement (OFD) only in terms of clinical attachment gain in periodontal intrabony defects.Fifty-one systemically healthy, non-smoking subjects affected by moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were recruited. The subjects had one deep intrabony defect with a probing depth (PD)or =6 mm and were randomly divided into three equal groups (17 subjects per group). Subjects were surgically treated with OFD (OFD group), OFD with CS (CS group), or OFD and CM (CM group). One year after surgical treatment, a complete clinical examination and a surgical reentry were performed. The pre- and post-therapy clinical parameters, including PD, clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession (GR), and intrasurgical parameters (defect bone level [DBL]), were compared.After 1 year, the clinical and intrasurgical parameters showed statistically significant changes from baseline within each group for all of the evaluated parameters (PD and CAL, P0.001; GR and DBL, P0.05). Differences (PD, CAL, and DBL, P0.001; GR, P0.05) were also seen across the three groups. The CM and CS groups had significantly smaller PD, CAL, and DBL values than subjects treated with only OFD. Groups treated with regenerative techniques had a significantly greater PD reduction and CAL and DBL gain compared to the OFD group. No significant differences were seen between CM and CS. Conversely, the CM group showed a significantly greater GR increase compared to OFD and CS.Both regenerative treatments produced additional clinical benefits over OFD alone. Moreover, the use of CS may minimize post-surgical recession.

AIM: Aim of the authors is to evaluate in vitro the histological alteration caused by hydrogen peroxide on a sample of radicular cysts. METHODS: Twelve radicular cysts were divided into 2 portions. The control group was histologically evaluated whereas the other portion, test, was treated with 3% hydrogen peroxide before histological analysis. Test and control portions were compared for integrity of the epithelium, inflammatory state of the cystic walls, presence of necrosis, stromal vacuolization and microvessel density (MVD). MVD was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using anti-CD34 monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: Significantly lower epithelium integrity has been detected in the test group (p= or