Author: "Giulia Barcia" / Topic: humans - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Mild MDPL in a patient with a novel de novo missense variant in the Cys-B region of POLD1

Author: Maya Chopra, Richard Caswell, Giulia Barcia, Sophie Rondeau, Laurence Jonard, Patrick Nitchké, Daniel Amram, Marc-Lionel Bellaiche, Veronique Abadie, Marine Parodi, Francoise Denoyelle, Andrew Hattersley, Christine Bole, Stanislas Lyonnet, and Sandrine Marlin
Subjects: Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Male, Phenotype, Lipodystrophy, Mutation, Missense, Genetics, Humans, Syndrome, Child, Genetics (clinical), DNA Polymerase III
Abstract: DNA polymerase δ is one of the three main enzymes responsible for DNA replication. POLD1 heterozygous missense variants in the exonuclease domain result in a cancer predisposition phenotype. In contrast, heterozygous variants in POLD1 polymerase domain have more recently been shown to be the underlying basis of the distinct autosomal dominant multisystem lipodystrophy disorder, MDPL (mandibular hypoplasia, deafness, progeroid features, and lipodystrophy syndrome OMIM # 615381), most commonly a recurrent in-frame deletion of serine at position 604, accounting for 18 of the 21 reported cases of this condition. One patient with an unusually severe phenotype has been reported, caused by a de novo c. 3209 T A, (p.(Ile1070Asn)) variant in the highly conserved CysB motif in the C-terminal of the POLD1 protein. This region has recently been shown to bind an iron-sulphur cluster of the 4Fe-4S type. This report concerns a novel de novo missense variant in the CysB region, c.3219 G C, (p.(Ser1073Arg)) in a male child with a milder phenotype. Using in silico analysis in the context of the recently published structure of human Polymerase δ holoenzyme, we compared these and other variants which lie in close proximity but result in differing degrees of severity and varying features. We hypothesise that the c.3219 G C, (p.(Ser1073Arg)) substitution likely causes reduced binding of the iron-sulphur cluster without significant disruption of protein structure, while the previously reported c.3209 T A (p.(Ile1070Asn)) variant likely has a more profound impact on structure and folding in the region. Our analysis supports a central role for the CysB region in regulating POLD1 activity in health and disease.
Published: 2022

2. Variants in the MIPEP gene presenting with complex neurological phenotype without cardiomyopathy, impair OXPHOS protein maturation and lead to a reduced OXPHOS abundance in patient cells

Author: Agnès Rötig, Arnold Munnich, Metodi D. Metodiev, Juliette Pulman, Martin Horak, Giulia Barcia, Nathalie Boddaert, and Benedetta Ruzzenente
Subjects: Male, Mitochondrial Diseases, Ataxia, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mitochondrial disease, Cardiomyopathy, Gene Expression, Mitochondrion, Compound heterozygosity, Biochemistry, Young Adult, Endocrinology, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Molecular Biology, Protein maturation, Alleles, biology, Metalloendopeptidases, Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, Hypotonia, Cell biology, HEK293 Cells, Phenotype, Mutation, biology.gene, medicine.symptom, Cardiomyopathies, Mitochondrial intermediate peptidase
Abstract: Most mitochondrial proteins are synthesized in the cytosol and targeted to mitochondria via N-terminal mitochondrial targeting signals (MTS) that are proteolytically removed upon import. Sometimes, MTS removal is followed by a cleavage of an octapeptide by the mitochondrial intermediate peptidase (MIP), encoded by the MIPEP gene. Previously, MIPEP variants were linked to four cases of multisystemic disorder presenting with cardiomyopathy, developmental delay, hypotonia and infantile lethality. We report here a patient carrying compound heterozygous MIPEP variants—one was not previously linked to mitochondrial disease—who did not have cardiomyopathy and who is alive at the age of 20 years. This patient had developmental delay, global hypotonia, mild optic neuropathy and mild ataxia. Functional characterization of patient fibroblasts and HEK293FT cells carrying MIPEP hypomorphic alleles demonstrated that deficient MIP activity was linked to impaired post-import processing of subunits from four of the five OXPHOS complexes and decreased abundance and activity of some of these complexes in human cells possibly underlying the development of mitochondrial disease. Thus, our work expands the genetic and clinical spectrum of MIPEP-linked disease and establishes MIP as an important regulator of OXPHOS biogenesis and function in human cells.
Published: 2021

3. Phenotypic diversity of brain MRI patterns in mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase mutations

Author: Agnès Rötig, Manuel Schiff, Volodia Dangouloff-Ros, Nathalie Boddaert, Marie Sissler, Giulia Barcia, Shimon Edvardson, Isabelle Desguerre, Arnold Munnich, Raphael Levy, Orli Elpeleg, Charles-Joris Roux, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Acides Nucléiques : Régulations Naturelle et Artificielle (ARNA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Filière Neuromusculaire (FILNEMUS), Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center [Jerusalem], SISSLER, Marie, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Mitochondrial translation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Aspartate-tRNA Ligase, 030105 genetics & heredity, Gene mutation, Mitochondrion, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Child, Genetics, Alanine-tRNA Ligase, Brain, Arginine-tRNA Ligase, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Phenotype, Mitochondria, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.anatomical_structure, Child, Preschool, Female, Cerebellar atrophy, ARS, Adult, Adolescent, Stroke-like, Biology, Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases, Mitochondrial Proteins, White matter, Young Adult, Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, Molecular Biology, Gene, Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase, Infant, Newborn, Genetic Variation, Infant, chemistry, Brain MRI, Mutation, Phenylalanine-tRNA Ligase, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Background and purpose: Mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases-encoded by ARS2 genes-are evolutionarily conserved enzymes that catalyse the attachment of amino acids to their cognate tRNAs, ensuring the accuracy of the mitochondrial translation process. ARS2 gene mutations are associated with a wide range of clinical presentations affecting the CNS.Methods: Two senior neuroradiologists analysed brain MRI of 25 patients (age range: 3 d-25 yrs.; 11 males; 14 females) with biallelic pathogenic variants of 11 ARS2 genes in a retrospective study conducted between 2002 and 2019.Results: Though several combinations of brain MRI anomalies were highly suggestive of specific aetiologies (DARS2, EARS2, AARS2 and RARS2 mutations), our study detected no MRI pattern common to all patients. Stroke-like lesions were associated with pathogenic SARS2 and FARS2 variants. We also report early onset cerebellar atrophy and calcifications in AARS2 mutations, early white matter involvement in RARS2 mutations, and absent involvement of thalami in EARS2 mutations. Finally, our findings show that normal brain MRI results do not exclude the presence of ARS2 mutations: 5 patients with normal MRI images were carriers of pathogenic IARS2, YARS2, and FARS2 variants.Conclusion: Our study extends the spectrum of brain MRI anomalies associated with pathogenic ARS2 variants and suggests ARS2 mutations are largely underdiagnosed.
Published: 2021

4. Defining causal variants in rare epilepsies: an essential team effort between biomedical scientists, geneticists and epileptologists

Author: Amy McTague, Andreas Brunklaus, Giulia Barcia, Sophia Varadkar, Sameer M. Zuberi, Nicolas Chatron, Elena Parrini, Davide Mei, Rima Nabbout, and Gaetan Lesca
Subjects: Epilepsy, Phenotype, Mosaicism, Genetics, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Humans, Exome, General Medicine, Genetic Testing, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract: In the last few years, with the advent of next generation sequencing (NGS), our knowledge of genes associated with monogenic epilepsies has significantly improved. NGS is also a powerful diagnostic tool for patients with epilepsy, through gene panels, exomes and genomes. This has improved diagnostic yield, reducing the time between the first seizure and a definitive molecular diagnosis. However, these developments have also increased the complexity of data interpretation, due to the large number of variants identified in a given patient and due to the phenotypic variability associated with many of the epilepsy-related genes.\ud \ud In this paper, we present examples of variant classification in “real life” clinic situations. We emphasize the importance of accurate phenotyping of the epilepsies including recognising variable/milder phenotypes and expansion of previously described phenotypes. There are some important issues specific to rare epilepsies – mosaicism and reduced penetrance - which affect genetic counselling. These challenges may be overcome through multidisciplinary meetings including epileptologists, pediatric neurologists, and clinical and molecular geneticists, in which every specialist learns from the others in a process which leads to for rapid and accurate diagnosis. This is an important milestone to achieve as targeted therapiesbased on the functional effects of pathogenic variants become available.
Published: 2022

5. Molecular and clinical descriptions of patients with GABA

Author: Pierre-Yves, Maillard, Sarah, Baer, Élise, Schaefer, Béatrice, Desnous, Nathalie, Villeneuve, Anne, Lépine, Alexandre, Fabre, Caroline, Lacoste, Salima, El Chehadeh, Amélie, Piton, Louise Frances, Porter, Caroline, Perriard, Marie-Thérèse Abi, Wardé, Marie-Aude, Spitz, Vincent, Laugel, Gaëtan, Lesca, Audrey, Putoux, Dorothée, Ville, Cyril, Mignot, Delphine, Héron, Rima, Nabbout, Giulia, Barcia, Marlène, Rio, Agathe, Roubertie, Pierre, Meyer, Véronique, Paquis-Flucklinger, Olivier, Patat, Jérémie, Lefranc, Marion, Gerard, Julietta, de Bellescize, Laurent, Villard, Anne, De Saint Martin, and Mathieu, Milh
Subjects: Cohort Studies, Epilepsy, Phenotype, Mutation, Humans, Epilepsy, Generalized, Receptors, GABA-A, Genetic Association Studies, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
Abstract: γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)We collected clinical, electrophysiological, therapeutic, and molecular data from patients with GABAWe gathered the reported patients in three epileptic phenotypes: 15 patients with fever-related epilepsy (40%), 11 with early developmental epileptic encephalopathy (30%), 10 with generalized epilepsy spectrum (27%), and 1 patient without seizures (3%). We did not find a specific phenotype for any gene, but we showed that the location of variants on the transmembrane (TM) segment was associated with a more severe phenotype, irrespective of the GABAGABA
Published: 2022

6. SYNGAP1-DEE: A visual sensitive epilepsy

Author: Elena Fontana, Anna Kaminska, Nicole Chemaly, Roberta Solazzi, Tommaso Lo Barco, Nathalie Villeneuve, Giulia Barcia, Caroline Hachon Le Camus, Emma Losito, Claude Cances, Rima Nabbout, Isabelle Desguerre, Bernardo Dalla Bernardina, Monika Eisermann, Laurent Villard, Laura Canafoglia, Université de Paris - UFR Médecine Paris Centre [Santé] (UP Médecine Paris Centre), Université de Paris (UP), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), University of Verona (UNIVR), Université Paris Cité - UFR Médecine Paris Centre [Santé] (UPC Médecine Paris Centre), Université Paris Cité (UPC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UFR Médecine [Santé] - Université Paris Cité (UFR Médecine UPCité), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Epilepsies, Myoclonic, Electroencephalography, SYNGAP1, Audiology, Epilepsy, Reflex, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Rhythm, Photosensitivity, Reflex Epilepsy, Physiology (medical), medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Ictal, Eye-closure sensitivity, Fixation-off sensitivity, Myoclonic seizures, Reflex epilepsy, Child, Atonic seizure, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Brain, Infant, medicine.disease, Sensory Systems, Delta wave, Neurology, ras GTPase-Activating Proteins, Child, Preschool, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objective To further delineate the electroclinical features of individuals with SYNGAP1 pathogenic variants. Methods Participants with pathogenic SYNGAP1 variants and available video-electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings were recruited within five European epilepsy reference centers. We obtained molecular and clinical data, analyzed EEG recordings and archived video-EEGs of seizures and detailed characteristics of interictal and ictal EEG patterns for every patient. Results We recruited 15 previously unreported patients and analyzed 72 EEGs. Two distinct EEG patterns emerged, both triggered by eye closure. Pattern 1 (14/15 individuals) consisted of rhythmic posterior/diffuse delta waves appearing with eye-closure and persisting until eye opening (strongly suggestive of fixation-off sensitivity). Pattern 2 (9/15 individuals) consisted of diffuse polyspike-and-wave discharges triggered by eye closure (eye-closure sensitivity). Both patterns presented in 8/15. Including archived video-EEG clips of seizures from 9/15 patients, we analyzed 254 seizures. Of 224 seizures experienced while awake, 161 (72%) occurred at or following eye closure. In 119/161, pattern 1 preceded an atypical absence, myoclonic seizure or myoclonic absence; in 42/161, pattern 2 was associated with eyelid myoclonia, absences and myoclonic or atonic seizures. Conclusions Fixation-off and eye closure were the main triggers for seizures in this SYNGAP1 cohort. Significance Combining these clinical and electroencephalographic features could help guide genetic diagnosis.
Published: 2021

7. A retrospective study on the efficacy of prenatal diagnosis for pregnancies at risk of mitochondrial DNA disorders

Author: Joana Bengoa, Bettina Bessiere, Zahra Assouline, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Laurent Salomon, Julie Steffann, Maryse Magen, Yves Ville, Agnès Rötig, Sophie Monnot, Nadine Gigarel, Arnold Munnich, Roxana Borghese, Giulia Barcia, and Jelena Martinovic
Subjects: Fetus, Mitochondrial DNA, Pregnancy, medicine.medical_specialty, Amniotic fluid, business.industry, Obstetrics, Placenta, Reproducibility of Results, Prenatal diagnosis, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, DNA, Mitochondrial, Heteroplasmy, Mitochondria, Prenatal Diagnosis, Cohort, Humans, Medicine, Female, Child, business, Genetics (clinical), Retrospective Studies
Abstract: Prenatal diagnosis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) disorders is challenging due to potential instability of fetal mutant loads and paucity of data connecting prenatal mutant loads to postnatal observations. Retrospective study of our prenatal cohort aims to examine the efficacy of prenatal diagnosis to improve counseling and reproductive options for those with pregnancies at risk of mtDNA disorders. We report on a retrospective review of 20 years of prenatal diagnosis of pathogenic mtDNA variants in 80 pregnant women and 120 fetuses. Patients with undetectable pathogenic variants (n = 29) consistently had fetuses free of variants, while heteroplasmic women (n = 51) were very likely to transmit their variant (57/78 fetuses, 73%). In the latter case, 26 pregnancies were terminated because fetal mutant loads were >40%. Of the 84 children born, 27 were heteroplasmic (mutant load
Published: 2021

8. Cerebral blood flow and acute episodes of Leigh syndrome in neurometabolic disorders

Author: Nathalie Boddaert, Benedetta Ruzzenente, Alessandra Pennisi, Charles-Joris Roux, Agnès Rötig, Isabelle Desguerre, Arnold Munnich, Klervie Loiselet, and Giulia Barcia
Subjects: Male, 030506 rehabilitation, medicine.medical_specialty, Mitochondrial Diseases, Adolescent, Mitochondrial disease, Striatum, 03 medical and health sciences, Basal (phylogenetics), 0302 clinical medicine, Developmental Neuroscience, Neuroimaging, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, Child, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Brain, Infant, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mitochondrial respiratory chain, Cerebral blood flow, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cardiology, Female, Spin Labels, Neurology (clinical), Leigh Disease, 0305 other medical science, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: AIM To investigate cerebral blood flow (CBF) in acute episodes of Leigh syndrome compared with basal state in patients carrying pathogenic mitochondrial disease gene variants responsible for neurometabolic disorders. METHOD Arterial spin labelling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences were used to measure CBF in 27 patients with mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme deficiencies, ascribed to pathogenic variants of reported disease genes who were undergoing either urgent neuroimaging for acute episodes of Leigh syndrome (Group I: 15 MRI, seven females, eight males; mean age 7y; range 7mo-14y) or routine brain MRI (Group II: 15 MRI, eight females, seven males; mean age 5y 2mo; range 2mo-12y). RESULTS Patients displayed markedly increased CBF in the striatum (2.8-fold greater, p
Published: 2021

9. Deep phenotyping unstructured data mining in an extensive pediatric database to unravel a common KCNA2 variant in neurodevelopmental syndromes

Author: Giulia Barcia, Cyril Mignot, Edor Kabashi, Marie Hully, Rima Nabbout, Tommaso Lo Barco, Claude Cances, Isabelle Desguerre, Anna Kaminska, Nicolas Garcelon, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Health data- and model- driven Knowledge Acquisition (HeKA), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), This work was supported by funding from The French National Research Agency (ANR) under 'Inverstissements d’Avenir' programs (reference ANR-10-IAHU-01)., and Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Computer science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MEDLINE, 030105 genetics & heredity, computer.software_genre, Brief Communication, 03 medical and health sciences, Data Warehousing, Kv1.2 Potassium Channel, Data Mining, Electronic Health Records, Humans, Medical diagnosis, Child, Computational Biology, Infant, Newborn, Syndrome, Exome, Genetics (clinical), business.industry, Infant, Unstructured data, Newborn, Similitude, Data warehouse, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, Vector space model, Identification (biology), Artificial intelligence, business, computer, Natural language processing
Abstract: International audience; Purpose: Electronic health records are gaining popularity to detect and propose interdisciplinary treatments for patients with similar medical histories, diagnoses, and outcomes. These files are compiled by different nonexperts and expert clinicians. Data mining in these unstructured data is a transposable and sustainable methodology to search for patients presenting a high similitude of clinical features.Methods: Exome and targeted next-generation sequencing bioinformatics analyses were performed at the Imagine Institute. Similarity Index (SI), an algorithm based on a vector space model (VSM) that exploits concepts extracted from clinical narrative reports was used to identify patients with highly similar clinical features.Results: Here we describe a case of "automated diagnosis" indicated by Dr. Warehouse, a biomedical data warehouse oriented toward clinical narrative reports, developed at Necker Children's Hospital using around 500,000 patients' records. Through the use of this warehouse, we were able to match and identify two patients sharing very specific clinical neonatal and childhood features harboring the same de novo variant in KCNA2.Conclusion: This innovative application of database clustering clinical features could advance identification of patients with rare and common genetic conditions and detect with high accuracy the natural history of patients harboring similar genetic pathogenic variants.
Published: 2021

10. Recessive PRDM13 mutations cause fatal perinatal brainstem dysfunction with cerebellar hypoplasia and disrupt Purkinje cells differentiation

Author: Marion Coolen, Nami Altin, Karthyayani Rajamani, Eva Pereira, Karine Siquier-Pernet, Emilia Puig Lombardi, Nadjeda Moreno, Giulia Barcia, Marianne Yvert, Annie Laquerrière, Aurore Pouliet, Patrick Nitschké, Nathalie Boddaert, Antonio Rausell, Féréchté Razavi, Alexandra Afenjar, Thierry Billette de Villemeur, Almundher Al-Maawali, Khalid Al-Thihli, Julia Baptista, Ana Beleza-Meireles, Catherine Garel, Marine Legendre, Antoinette Gelot, Lydie Burglen, Sébastien Moutton, Vincent Cantagrel, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health (UCL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Maison de Santé Protestante de Bordeaux-Bagatelle (MSPB), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), URC, hôpital Necker Enfants Maladies, Paris, CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), Peninsula Medical School, University Hospitals Bristol, Hôpital des Enfants - Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin - CHU de Bordeaux, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée [Aix-Marseille Université] (INMED - INSERM U1249), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and ANR-16-CE12-0005,SCD-Mec,Mécanismes développementaux des anomalies structurelles cérébelleuses(2016)
Subjects: Brain Diseases, Developmental Disabilities, Neurogenesis, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase, Nervous System Malformations, Article, Mice, Purkinje Cells, Cerebellum, Mutation, Genetics, Animals, Humans, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Genetics (clinical), Zebrafish, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Brain Stem, Transcription Factors
Abstract: Pontocerebellar hypoplasias (PCHs) are congenital disorders characterized by hypoplasia or early atrophy of the cerebellum and brainstem, leading to a very limited motor and cognitive development. Although over 20 genes have been shown to be mutated in PCHs, a large proportion of affected individuals remains undiagnosed. We describe four families with children presenting with severe neonatal brainstem dysfunction and pronounced deficits in cognitive and motor development associated with four different bi-allelic mutations in PRDM13, including homozygous truncating variants in the most severely affected individuals. Brain MRI and fetopathological examination revealed a PCH-like phenotype, associated with major hypoplasia of inferior olive nuclei and dysplasia of the dentate nucleus. Notably, histopathological examinations highlighted a sparse and disorganized Purkinje cell layer in the cerebellum. PRDM13 encodes a transcriptional repressor known to be critical for neuronal subtypes specification in the mouse retina and spinal cord but had not been implicated, so far, in hindbrain development. snRNA-seq data mining and in situ hybridization in humans show that PRDM13 is expressed at early stages in the progenitors of the cerebellar ventricular zone, which gives rise to cerebellar GABAergic neurons, including Purkinje cells. We also show that loss of function of prdm13 in zebrafish leads to a reduction in Purkinje cells numbers and a complete absence of the inferior olive nuclei. Altogether our data identified bi-allelic mutations in PRDM13 as causing a olivopontocerebellar hypoplasia syndrome and suggest that early deregulations of the transcriptional control of neuronal fate specification could contribute to a significant number of cases.
Published: 2022

11. The EPIGENE network: A French initiative to harmonize and improve the nationwide diagnosis of monogenic epilepsies

Author: Lionel Arnaud, Marie-Thérèse Abi Warde, Giulia Barcia, Julitta de Bellescize, Nicolas Chatron, Marie Faoucher, Anne de Saint Martin, Delphine Héron, Guillaume Jedraszak, Caroline Lacoste, Anne-Sophie Lèbre, Mélanie Jenneson-Lyver, Audrey Labalme, Eric Leguern, Cyril Mignot, Mathieu Milh, Rima Nabbout, Caroline Nava, Eleni Panagiotakaki, Amélie Piton, Elise Schaefer, Julien Thevenon, Laurent Villard, Dorothée Ville, Gaetan Lesca, HEMATIM - Hématopoïèse et immunologie - UR UPJV 4666 (HEMATIM), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Epilepsy, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Nerve Tissue Proteins, General Medicine, Potassium Channels, Sodium-Activated, Cadherins, Protocadherins, Epilepsy Monogenic Mendelian Next-generation sequencing Gene panel Whole-genome sequencing, Mutation, Genetics, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, France, Genetic Testing, Child, Genetics (clinical), [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: The EPIGENE network was created in 2014 by four multidisciplinary teams composed of geneticists, pediatric neurologists and neurologists specialized in epileptology and neurophysiology. The ambition of the network was to harmonize and improve the diagnostic strategy of Mendelian epileptic disorders using next-generation sequencing, in France. Over the years, five additional centers have joined EPIGENE and the network has been working in close collaboration, since 2018, with the French reference center for rare epilepsies (CRéER).Since 2014, biannual meetings have led to the design of four successive versions of a monogenic epilepsy gene panel (PAGEM), increasing from 68 to 144 genes. A total of 4035 index cases with epileptic disorders have been analyzed with a diagnostic yield of 31% (n = 1265/4035). The top 10 genes, SCN1A, KCNQ2, STXBP1, SCN2A, SCN8A, PRRT2, PCDH19, KCNT1, SYNGAP1, and GRIN2A, account for one-sixth of patients and half of the diagnoses provided by the PAGEM.These results suggest that a gene-panel approach is an efficient first-tier test for the genetic diagnosis of Mendelian epileptic disorders. In a near future, French patients with "drug-resistant epilepsies with seizure-onset in the first two-years of life" can benefit from whole-genome sequencing (WGS), as a second line genetic screening with the implementation of the 2025 French Genomic Medicine Plan. The EPIGENE network has also promoted scientific collaborations on genetic epilepsies within CRéER.
Published: 2022

12. Whole‐exome and HLA sequencing in Febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome

Author: Rima Nabbout, Nicola Specchio, Ingo Helbig, Giulia Barcia, Michael Wittig, Peter D. Galer, Stefanie H. Mueller, Uri Kramer, Manuela Pendziwiat, Andreas van Baalen, Gregor Kuhlenbäumer, Silke Appenzeller, Zaid Afawi, Katherine L. Helbig, Shiva Ganesan, Gerhard Kluger, Priya Vaidiswaran, Julie Xian, and Psychiatry
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Proband, Drug Resistant Epilepsy, Adolescent, Fever, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Status epilepticus, Human leukocyte antigen, Brief Communication, Communicable Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, Status Epilepticus, 0302 clinical medicine, HLA Antigens, Exome Sequencing, medicine, Humans, RC346-429, Child, Exome, Exome sequencing, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Sequence Analysis, DNA, medicine.disease, Febrile infection related epilepsy syndrome, 030104 developmental biology, nervous system, Child, Preschool, Epilepsy syndromes, Immunology, Female, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, Epileptic Syndromes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, RC321-571
Abstract: Febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a devastating epilepsy characterized by new‐onset refractory status epilepticus with a prior febrile infection. We performed exome sequencing in 50 individuals with FIRES, including 27 patient–parent trios and 23 single probands, none of whom had pathogenic variants in established genes for epilepsies or neurodevelopmental disorders. We also performed HLA sequencing in 29 individuals with FIRES and 529 controls, which failed to identify prominent HLA alleles. The genetic architecture of FIRES is substantially different from other developmental and epileptic encephalopathies, and the underlying etiology remains elusive, requiring novel approaches to identify the underlying causative factors.
Published: 2020

13. Adaptive behavior and psychiatric comorbidities in KCNB1 encephalopathy

Author: Claire Bar, Delphine Breuillard, Mathieu Kuchenbuch, Mélanie Jennesson, Gwenaël Le Guyader, Hervé Isnard, Anne Rolland, Diane Doummar, Joel Fluss, Alexandra Afenjar, Patrick Berquin, Anne De Saint Martin, Sophie Dupont, Alice Goldenberg, Damien Lederer, Gaétan Lesca, Hélène Maurey, Pierre Meyer, Cyril Mignot, Anca Nica, Sylvie Odent, Alice Poisson, Emmanuel Scalais, Tayeb Sekhara, Pascal Vrielynck, Giulia Barcia, Rima Nabbout, Université de Paris (UP), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Unité neurovasculaire et troubles cognitifs (Neuvacod), Université de Poitiers, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], CHU Charles Foix [AP-HP], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Bicêtre, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre de référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest [Rennes], Centre for the Diagnosis and management of genetic psychiatric disorders [Bron] (GénoPsy), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Adult, Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, Adaptive behavior, Adolescent, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Shab Potassium Channels, 0302 clinical medicine, KCNB1, Intellectual Disability, Adaptation, Psychological, Humans, Psychometric evaluation, Autism spectrum disorder, Child, 030304 developmental biology, Brain Diseases, 0303 health sciences, Epilepsy, 3. Good health, Neurology, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Parental questionnaires
Abstract: International audience; Aim: KCNB1 encephalopathy encompasses a broad phenotypic spectrum associating intellectual disability, behavioral disturbances, and epilepsies of various severity. Using standardized parental questionnaires, we aimed to capture the heterogeneity of the adaptive and behavioral features in a series of patients with KCNB1 pathogenic variants.Methods: We included 25 patients with a KCNB1 encephalopathy, aged from 3.2 to 34.1 years (median = 10 years). Adaptive functioning was assessed in all patients using the French version of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition (VABS-II) questionnaire. We screened global behavior with the Childhood Behavioral Check-List (CBCL, Achenbach) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ). We used a cluster analysis to identify subgroups of adaptive profiles.Results: VABS-II questionnaire showed pathological adaptive behavior in all participants with a severity of adaptive deficiency ranging from mild in 8/20 to severe in 7/20. Eight out of 16 were at risk of Attention Problems at the CBCL and 13/18 were at risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The adaptive behavior composite score significantly decreased with age (Spearman’s Rho=-0.72, p
Published: 2022

14. MYT1L-associated neurodevelopmental disorder: description of 40 new cases and literature review of clinical and molecular aspects

Author: James W. Wheless, Thierry Frebourg, Robert Olaso, Rosemarie Smith, Kelly Nori, François Lecoquierre, Delphine Héron, Roseline Caumes, Anne Boland, Ange-Line Bruel, Candy Kumps, Gaël Nicolas, Sarah Stewart, Sophie Rondeau, Diane Doummar, Marlène Rio, Giulia Barcia, Anne-Marie Guerrot, Gwenaël Le Guyader, Alexandra Afenjar, Sarah Vergult, Karine Poirier, Juliette Coursimault, Jennifer Morrison, Amy Kritzer, Anne-Sophie Alaix, Rebecca Hernan, Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon, Sabine Sigaudy, Christine Coubes, Pascale Saugier-Veber, Francisca Millan Zamora, Austin Larson, Michelle M. Morrow, Christine Poitou, Björn Menten, Mathilde Nizon, Thomas Smol, Elise Schaefer, Bénédicte Gérard, Charles Coutton, Salima El Chehadeh, Fanggeng Zou, Stéphanie Valence, Anita Shanmugham, Wendy K. Chung, Bert Callewaert, Christina Kresge, Arnold Munnich, Beth A. Pletcher, Laurence Faivre, Estelle Colin, Laurence Colleaux, Patricia G Wheeler, Annelies Dheedene, Frédéric Tran Mau-Them, Jean-François Deleuze, Claude Houdayer, Jeanne Amiel, Frédéric Bilan, Marine Tessarech, Bertrand Isidor, Guillaume Jouret, Cyril Mignot, Benjamin Cogné, Shuxi Liu, Boris Keren, Françoise Devillard, Catherine Schramm, Margaret Helm, Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), GeneDx [Gaithersburg, MD, USA], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Institut de génétique médicale d’Alsace, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Hôpital Trousseau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Sorbonne Université (SU), Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), CHU Grenoble, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM - UM 111 (UMR 8253 / U1151)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ghent University Hospital, Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], University of Tennessee System, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School (NJMS), Rutgers University System (Rutgers), Université de Lille, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), CHU Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Maine Medical Center, Arnold Palmer Hospital, Boston Children's Hospital, National Center of Genetics, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and ANR-10-INBS-0009,France-Génomique,Organisation et montée en puissance d'une Infrastructure Nationale de Génomique(2010)
Subjects: Male, Bioinformatics, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Neurodevelopmental disorder, MESH: Child, Intellectual disability, Missense mutation, MESH: Obesity, MESH: Genetic Variation, MESH: Nerve Tissue Proteins, Child, Genetics (clinical), MESH: Genetic Association Studies, MESH: Heterozygote, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Transcription Factors, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, Phenotype, MESH: Feeding and Eating Disorders, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, MESH: Epilepsy, Learning disability, Female, medicine.symptom, Adult, Heterozygote, Adolescent, Language delay, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Biology, MESH: Phenotype, MESH: Language Development Disorders, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Language Development Disorders, Obesity, Genetic Association Studies, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Neurodevelopmental Disorders, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, MESH: Child, Preschool, Genetic Variation, Infant, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, Human genetics, MESH: Male, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Autism, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Transcription Factors
Abstract: International audience; Pathogenic variants of the myelin transcription factor-1 like (MYT1L) gene include heterozygous missense, truncating variants and 2p25.3 microdeletions and cause a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder (OMIM#616,521). Despite enrichment in de novo mutations in several developmental disorders and autism studies, the data on clinical characteristics and genotype-phenotype correlations are scarce, with only 22 patients with single nucleotide pathogenic variants reported. We aimed to further characterize this disorder at both the clinical and molecular levels by gathering a large series of patients with MYT1L-associated neurodevelopmental disorder. We collected genetic information on 40 unreported patients with likely pathogenic/pathogenic MYT1L variants and performed a comprehensive review of published data (total = 62 patients). We confirm that the main phenotypic features of the MYT1L-related disorder are developmental delay with language delay (95%), intellectual disability (ID, 70%), overweight or obesity (58%), behavioral disorders (98%) and epilepsy (23%). We highlight novel clinical characteristics, such as learning disabilities without ID (30%) and feeding difficulties during infancy (18%). We further describe the varied dysmorphic features (67%) and present the changes in weight over time of 27 patients. We show that patients harboring highly clustered missense variants in the 2-3-ZNF domains are not clinically distinguishable from patients with truncating variants. We provide an updated overview of clinical and genetic data of the MYT1L-associated neurodevelopmental disorder, hence improving diagnosis and clinical management of these patients.
Published: 2022

15. Corpus callosum metrics predict severity of visuospatial and neuromotor dysfunctions in ARID1B mutations with Coffin–Siris syndrome

Author: Cherhazad Hemimou, Charlotte Denier, Charlyne Duwime, Alice Poisson, Clémence Lopez, Nathalie Boddaert, Caroline Demily, Julien Plasse, Nicolas Franck, Massimiliano Rossi, Matthieu P. Robert, Arnold Munnich, Laurence Vaivre-Douret, Giulia Barcia, and Claude Besmond
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Neuropsychological Tests, Audiology, Corpus callosum, Corpus Callosum, 0302 clinical medicine, Intellectual disability, Child, Agenesis of the corpus callosum, Genetics (clinical), Cognition, Neuromuscular Diseases, DNA-Binding Proteins, Benchmarking, Psychiatry and Mental health, Phenotype, medicine.anatomical_structure, Child, Preschool, Visual Perception, Female, Hand Deformities, Congenital, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Genotype, Micrognathism, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Intellectual Disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Family, Coffin–Siris syndrome, Genetic Association Studies, Biological Psychiatry, business.industry, medicine.disease, Trunk, Sagittal plane, 030104 developmental biology, Face, Mutation, Autism, business, Neck, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Transcription Factors
Abstract: ARID1B mutations in Coffin-Siris syndrome are a cause of intellectual disability (0.5-1%), with various degrees of autism and agenesis of the corpus callosum (10%). Little is known regarding the cognitive and motor consequences of ARID1B mutations in humans and no link has been made between corpus callosum anomalies and visuospatial and neuromotor dysfunctions. We have investigated the visuospatial and neuromotor phenotype in eight patients with ARID1B mutations. A paramedian sagittal section of the brain MRI was selected, and corpus callosum was measured in anteroposterior length, genu and trunk width. Spearman's rank order coefficients were used to explore correlations between visuospatial and social cognitive variables and dimensions of the corpus callosum. A significant correlation between genu width size and visual cognition was observed. Retrocerebellar cysts were associated with corpus callosum anomalies. Here, we show that corpus callosum anomalies caused in ARID1B mutations may be predictive of the visuospatial and motor phenotype in Coffin-Siris syndrome.
Published: 2019

16. SOX3 duplication: A genetic cause to investigate in fetuses with neural tube defects

Author: Marguerite Hureaux, Giulia Barcia, Charlotte Mechler, Catherine Turleau, Valérie Malan, Matthieu Egloff, Tania Attié-Bitach, Bettina Bessières, Vassilis Tsatsaris, Férechté Encha-Razavi, Yves Ville, Julien Stirnemann, Nicolas Chatron, Selima Ben Miled, and Aurélie Coussement
Subjects: Adult, 0301 basic medicine, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Meningomyelocele, DNA Copy Number Variations, Genetic counseling, medicine.medical_treatment, Prenatal diagnosis, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, Bioinformatics, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Gene Duplication, Prenatal Diagnosis, Gene duplication, medicine, Humans, Genetics (clinical), Retrospective Studies, Fetus, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Fetal surgery, SOXB1 Transcription Factors, Neural tube, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.anatomical_structure, In utero, Cytogenetic Analysis, Female
Abstract: Objective Neural tube defects (NTDs) are one of the most common congenital anomalies caused by a complex interaction of many genetic and environmental factors. In about 10% of cases, NTDs are associated with genetic syndromes or chromosomal anomalies. Among these, SOX3 duplication has been reported in some isolated cases. The phenotype associated with this microduplication is variable and includes myelomeningocele (MMC) in both sexes as well as hypopituitarism and cognitive impairment in males. In order to determine the prevalence of this anomaly in fetuses with MMC, a retrospective cohort of fetuses with MMC was analyzed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting SOX3 locus. Methods The detection of an SOX3 microduplication by chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in two female fetuses with MMC prompted us to analyze retrospectively by qPCR this gene in a cohort of 53 fetuses with MMC. Results In addition to our two initial cases, one fetus harboring an Xq27.1q28 duplication that encompasses the SOX3 gene was detected. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that SOX3 duplication is a genomic imbalance involved in the pathogenesis of NTDs. In addition, our survey highlights the importance of CMA testing in fetuses with NTDs to enable genetic counseling upstream of any considerations of in utero fetal surgery.
Published: 2019

17. Impact of on-site clinical genetics consultations on diagnostic rate in children and young adults with autism spectrum disorder

Author: Caroline Demily, Emeline Throo, Mélanie Ferreri, Laurence Hubert, Nathalie Boddaert, Lisa Frugère, Sylvain Hanein, Valérie Malan, Arnold Munnich, Jean-Christophe Thalabard, Jean-Pierre Malen, Claude Besmond, Charlyne Duwime, Céline Vidal, Gilles Roland-Manuel, Moise Assouline, and Giulia Barcia
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Gene panel, Adolescent, DNA Copy Number Variations, Genetic counseling, Genetics, Medical, Neurogenetics, Microarray, Compound heterozygosity, Copy number variant, lcsh:RC346-429, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Developmental Neuroscience, Intellectual disability, Medicine, Humans, Autism spectrum disorder, Child, Molecular Biology, Referral and Consultation, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Research, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Human genetics, Fragile X syndrome, Psychiatry and Mental health, Sequence variant, Genetic diagnosis, Next-generation sequencing, Medical genetics, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology
Abstract: Background Neurogenetics investigations and diagnostic yield in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have significantly improved over the last few years. Yet, many patients still fail to be systematically investigated. Methods To improve access to services, an ambulatory team has been established since 1998, delivering on-site clinical genetics consultations and gradually upgrading services to 502 children and young adults with ASD in their standard environment across 26 day-care hospitals and specialized institutions within the Greater Paris region. The evaluation included a clinical genetics consultation, screening for fragile X syndrome, metabolic workup, chromosomal microarray analysis, and, in a proportion of patients, next-generation sequencing of genes reported in ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Results Fragile X syndrome and pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) accounted for the disease in 10% of cases, including 4/312 (1.3%) with fragile X syndrome and 34/388 (8.8%) with pathogenic CNVs (19 de novo and 4 inherited). Importantly, adding high-throughput resequencing of reported intellectual disability/ASD genes to the screening procedure had a major impact on diagnostic yield in the 141 patients examined most recently. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic sequence variants in 27 disease genes were identified in 33/141 patients (23.4%; 23 were de novo and 10 inherited, including five X-linked and five recessive compound heterozygous variants). Diagnosed cases presented atypical and/or syndromic ASD with moderate to severe intellectual disability. The diagnostic yield of fragile X syndrome and array CGH testing combined with next-generation sequencing was significantly higher than fragile X syndrome and array CGH alone (p value 0.009). No inborn errors of metabolism were detected with the metabolic screening. Conclusion Based on the diagnostic rate observed in this cohort, we suggest that a stepwise procedure be considered, first screening pathogenic CNVs and a limited number of disease genes in a much larger number of patients, especially those with syndromic ASD and intellectual disability. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13229-019-0284-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2019

18. Expanding and Underscoring the Hepato‐Encephalopathic Phenotype of QIL1/MIC13

Author: Alexander Miethke, Giulia Barcia, Dominique Debray, Jonathan Lévy, Manuel Schiff, Imen Dorboz, Zahra Assouline, Agnès Rötig, Claude Jardel, Claire Mehler‐Jacob, Judith Melki, Anatalia Labilloy, Samia Pichard, Laura Menvielle, Juliette Bouchereau, Kaitlin G. Whaley, Pauline Gaignard, Rachel C. Lombardo, Nancy D. Leslie, Philippe Durand, Kevin E. Bove, Samira Sissaoui, François Labarthe, Abdelhamid Slama, Carlos E. Prada, Robert J. Hopkin, Arnold Munnich, Marlène Rio, Dalila Habes, Bianca Russell, Charlotte Mussini, Anne Lombès, and Maryline Chomton
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, MEDLINE, Risk Assessment, Mitochondrial Proteins, Life Expectancy, Text mining, Liver Function Tests, Cause of Death, Internal medicine, Biopsy, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Survival rate, Cause of death, Hepatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Biopsy, Needle, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Membrane Proteins, Twins, Monozygotic, Immunohistochemistry, Phenotype, Pedigree, Survival Rate, Hepatic Encephalopathy, Disease Progression, Female, Risk assessment, business, Liver function tests, Liver Failure
Published: 2019

19. Quantitative analysis and EEG markers of KCNT1 epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures

Author: Emilie Carme, Anne de Saint Martin, Rima Nabbout, Cécile Laroche, Nathalie Villeneuve, Julien Modolo, Pascal Benquet, Fabrice Wendling, Anna Kaminska, Giulia Barcia, Edouard Hirsch, Paul Sauleau, Nicole Chemaly, Fanny Dubois, Mathieu Kuchenbuch, Agathe Roubertie, Matthieu Milh, Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epilepsies de l'Enfant et Plasticité Cérébrale (U1129), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], CHU Strasbourg, CHU Grenoble, Comportement et noyaux gris centraux = Behavior and Basal Ganglia [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes = Institute of Clinical Neurosciences of Rennes (INCR), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Poste d'accueil (thesis scholarship), PhD GRANT (poste d'accueil doctorant), Thesis Prize, Third year PhD Grant, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, quantitative characterization, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Potassium Channels, Sodium-Activated, Electroencephalography, seizure propagation, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, Seizure onset, 0302 clinical medicine, developmental epileptic encephalopathy, medicine, Humans, In patient, Ictal, EEG markers, Early onset, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Propagation pattern, Infant, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Phase coherence, Neurology, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Female, Epilepsies, Partial, Neurology (clinical), business, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, malignant migrating partial epilepsy of infancy
Abstract: International audience; Objective - We aimed to characterize epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS), a rare, severe early onset developmental epilepsy related to KCNT1 mutation, and to define specific electroencephalography (EEG) markers using EEG quantitative analysis. The ultimate goal would be to improve early diagnosis and to better understand seizure onset and propagation of EIMFS as compared to other early onset developmental epilepsy. Methods - EEG of 7 EIMFS patients with KCNT1 mutations (115 seizures) and 17 patients with other early onset epilepsies (30 seizures) was included in this study. After detection of seizure onset and termination, spatiotemporal characteristics were quantified. Seizure propagation dynamics were analyzed using chronograms and phase coherence. Results - In patients with EIMFS, seizures started and were localized predominantly in temporal and occipital areas, and evolved with a stable frequency (4-10 Hz). Inter- and intrahemispheric migrations were present in 60% of EIMFS seizures with high intraindividual reproducibility of temporospatial dynamics. Interhemispheric migrating seizures spread in 71% from temporal or occipital channels to the homologous contralateral ones, whereas intrahemispheric seizures involved mainly frontotemporal, temporal, and occipital channels. Causality links were present between ictal activities detected under different channels during migrating seizures. Finally, time delay index (based on delays between the different ictal onsets) and phase correlation index (based on coherence of ictal activities) allowed discrimination of EIMFS and non-EIMFS seizures with a specificity of 91.2% and a sensitivity of 84.4%. Significance - We showed that the migrating pattern in EIMFS is not a random process, as suggested previously, and that it is a particular propagation pattern that follows the classical propagation pathways. It is notable that this study reveals specific EEG markers (time delay and phase correlation) accessible to visual evaluation, which will improve EIMFS diagnosis.
Published: 2018

20. MINPP1 prevents intracellular accumulation of the chelator inositol hexakisphosphate and is mutated in Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia

Author: Nathalie Rabasse, Catherine Fossoud, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Miranda S. C. Wilson, Elsa Lorino, Celine Banal, Meral Topçu, Gaele Pitelet, Eric Bieth, Christine Bole-Feysot, Nami Altin, Vincent Cantagrel, Arnold Munnich, Marie-Therese Vasilache-Dangles, Fabienne Giuliano, Lydie Burglen, Adolfo Saiardi, Valentina Stanley, Nathalie Lefort, Giulia Barcia, Pierre David, Karthyayani Rajamani, Daniel Medina-Cano, Patrick Nitschke, Joseph G. Gleeson, Maha S. Zaki, Laurence Colleaux, Nathalie Boddaert, Fatma Mujgan Sonmez, Damir Musaev, Ekin Ucuncu, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), University College of London [London] (UCL), Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker (SFR Necker - UMS 3633 / US24), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de neurologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre Hospitalier Antibes - Juan-les-Pins, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Hacettepe University = Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Karadeniz Technical University (KTU), Rady Children's Hospital, CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), and Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Cytoplasm, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cellular differentiation, General Physics and Astronomy, Gene Knockout Techniques, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Homeostasis, Inositol, Phosphorylation, Child, Chelating Agents, Mice, Knockout, Multidisciplinary, Cell Death, Chemistry, Stem Cells, Neurodevelopmental disorders, Cell Differentiation, Cell biology, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Child, Preschool, Second messenger system, Female, Intracellular, Cell physiology, Programmed cell death, Phytic Acid, Science, Pontocerebellar hypoplasia, Stem-cell differentiation, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Cerebellar Diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, HEK 293 cells, Infant, General Chemistry, medicine.disease, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases, Mice, Inbred C57BL, HEK293 Cells, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, Transcriptome, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Inositol polyphosphates are vital metabolic and secondary messengers, involved in diverse cellular functions. Therefore, tight regulation of inositol polyphosphate metabolism is essential for proper cell physiology. Here, we describe an early-onset neurodegenerative syndrome caused by loss-of-function mutations in the multiple inositol-polyphosphate phosphatase 1 gene (MINPP1). Patients are found to have a distinct type of Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia with typical basal ganglia involvement on neuroimaging. We find that patient-derived and genome edited MINPP1−/− induced stem cells exhibit an inefficient neuronal differentiation combined with an increased cell death. MINPP1 deficiency results in an intracellular imbalance of the inositol polyphosphate metabolism. This metabolic defect is characterized by an accumulation of highly phosphorylated inositols, mostly inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6), detected in HEK293 cells, fibroblasts, iPSCs and differentiating neurons lacking MINPP1. In mutant cells, higher IP6 level is expected to be associated with an increased chelation of intracellular cations, such as iron or calcium, resulting in decreased levels of available ions. These data suggest the involvement of IP6-mediated chelation on Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia disease pathology and thereby highlight the critical role of MINPP1 in the regulation of human brain development and homeostasis., Tight regulation of inositol polyphosphate metabolism is essential for proper cell physiology. Here, the authors describe an early-onset neurodegenerative syndrome caused by loss-of-function mutations in the MINPP1 gene, characterised by intracellular imbalance of inositol polyphosphate metabolism.
Published: 2020

21. Developmental and epilepsy spectrum of KCNB1 encephalopathy with long‐term outcome

Author: Rima Nabbout, Patrick Berquin, Sylvie Odent, Mathieu Kuchenbuch, Gwenaël Le Guyader, Marieke F. van Dooren, Jamel Chelly, Edor Kabashi, Melanie Jennesson, Giulia Barcia, Cyril Mignot, Tayeb Sekhara, Alexandra Afenjar, Marlène Rio, Anne Rolland, Claude Besmond, Andrés Rodríguez-Sacristán Cascajo, Gaetano Terrone, Isabelle Marey, Boris Keren, Alice Goldenberg, A.S. Lebre, Heather C Mefford, Gaetan Lesca, Anne de Saint Martin, Susanna Negrin, Nathalie Dorison, Hélène Maurey, Agnès Guët, David Geneviève, Marie Claire Y. de Wit, Jeremy L. Freeman, Pierre Meyer, Thierry Billette de Villemeur, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Katherine B. Howell, Anca Nica, Raphael Levy, Martino Montomoli, Renzo Guerrini, Elena Parrini, Candace T. Myers, Bertrand Isidor, Alice Poisson, Marion Gérard, Salima El Chehadeh, Lynette G. Sadleir, Julien Durigneux, Pascal Vrielynck, Amy L Schneider, Emmanuel Scalais, Laurence Hubert, Sophie Dupont, Vesna Brankovic, Damien Lederer, Hervé Isnard, Delphine Breuillard, Claire Bar, Alberto Danieli, Diane Doummar, Arnold Munnich, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Unité neurovasculaire et troubles cognitifs (Neuvacod), Université de Poitiers, Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Strasbourg, Centre for the Diagnosis and management of genetic psychiatric disorders [Bron] (GénoPsy), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU Montpellier], Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], FP7 Ideas: European Research Council, National Health and Medical Research Council, Health Research Council of New Zealand, ANR‐10-IAHU‐01, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Fondation Bettencourt Schueller, 602531, Seventh Framework Programme, ANR-10-IAHU-0001,Imagine,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Imagine(2010), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), ANR‐10IAHU‐01, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Clinical Genetics, Neurology, and Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Adolescent, autism spectrum disorders, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Encephalopathy, Severe epilepsy, Imaging data, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Shab Potassium Channels, drug-resistant epilepsy, Intellectual disability, medicine, Missense mutation, Humans, In patient, developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Retrospective Studies, Brain Diseases, sudden unexpected death in epilepsy, developmental encephalopathy, business.industry, Genetic Variation, Infant, Cognition, Electroencephalography, medicine.disease, potassium channels, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Treatment Outcome, Neurology, Child, Preschool, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objective: We aimed to delineate the phenotypic spectrum and long-term outcome of individuals with KCNB1 encephalopathy. Methods: We collected genetic, clinical, electroencephalographic, and imaging data of individuals with KCNB1 pathogenic variants recruited through an international collaboration, with the support of the family association “KCNB1 France.” Patients were classified as having developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) or developmental encephalopathy (DE). In addition, we reviewed published cases and provided the longterm outcome in patients older than 12 years from our series and from literature. Results: Our series included 36 patients (21 males, median age = 10 years, range = 1.6 months-34 years). Twenty patients (56%) had DEE with infantile onset seizures (seizure onset = 10 months, range = 10 days-3.5 years), whereas 16 (33%) had DE with late onset epilepsy in 10 (seizure onset = 5 years, range = 18 months-25 years) and without epilepsy in six. Cognitive impairment was more severe in individuals with DEE compared to those with DE. Analysis of 73 individuals with KCNB1 pathogenic variants (36 from our series and 37 published individuals in nine reports) showed developmental delay in all with severe to profound intellectual disability in 67% (n = 41/61) and autistic features in 56% (n = 32/57). Long-term outcome in 22 individuals older than 12 years (14 in our series and eight published individuals) showed poor cognitive, psychiatric, and behavioral outcome. Epilepsy course was variable. Missense variants were associated with more frequent and more severe epilepsy compared to truncating variants. Significance: Our study describes the phenotypic spectrum of KCNB1 encephalopathy, which varies from severe DEE to DE with or without epilepsy. Although cognitive impairment is worse in patients with DEE, long-term outcome is poor for most and missense variants are associated with more severe epilepsy outcome. Further understanding of disease mechanisms should facilitate the development of targeted therapies, much needed to improve the neurodevelopmental prognosis.
Published: 2020

22. Patients with

Author: Marion, Aubert Mucca, Olivier, Patat, Sandra, Whalen, Lionel, Arnaud, Giulia, Barcia, Julien, Buratti, Benjamin, Cogné, Diane, Doummar, Caroline, Karsenty, Sandra, Kenis, Eric, Leguern, Gaetan, Lesca, Caroline, Nava, Mathilde, Nizon, Amelie, Piton, Stéphanie, Valence, Laurent, Villard, Sarah, Weckhuysen, Boris, Keren, and Cyril, Mignot
Subjects: Craniofacial Abnormalities, Epilepsy, Phenotype, Thumb, Intellectual Disability, Hallux, Humans, Nails, Malformed, Abnormalities, Multiple, Hand Deformities, Congenital, Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels, Fibromatosis, Gingival
Abstract: De novo missense variants in
Published: 2020

23. Improving post-natal detection of mitochondrial DNA mutations

Author: Zahra Assouline, Maryse Magen, Julie Steffann, Agnès Rötig, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Alessandra Pennisi, Arnold Munnich, and Giulia Barcia
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Postnatal Care, Mitochondrial DNA, Mitochondrial Diseases, Base pair, DNA Mutational Analysis, Biology, DNA, Mitochondrial, Sensitivity and Specificity, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Testing, Molecular Biology, Genetic testing, medicine.diagnostic_test, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Heteroplasmy, 030104 developmental biology, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation, Molecular Medicine
Abstract: Currently, genetic testing of mitochondrial DNA mutations includes screening for single-nucleotide variants, several base pair insertions or deletions, large-scale deletions, or relative depletion of total mitochondrial DNA content. Within the last decade, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has resulted in remarkable advances in the field of mitochondrial diseases (MD) and has become a routine step of the diagnostic workup.We aimed to present an overview of current technologies employed in molecular diagnosis of mitochondrial DNA diseases. We report on the recent contributions of NGS testing to the diagnosis and understanding of MD.The progress of NGS technologies allows the simultaneous detection of mutations and quantification of the heteroplasmy level, ensuring sensitivity and specificity requested for the detection of mitochondrial DNA point mutations. NGS protocols enabling the simultaneous analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA are now efficient and cost-saving approaches, and have become the gold-standard technique in diagnostic laboratories.
Published: 2020

24. Heterogeneity of PNPT1 neuroimaging: mitochondriopathy, interferonopathy or both?

Author: Laurence Hubert, Marlène Rio, Nathalie Boddaert, Uluç Yiş, Sulin Wu, Laura L Konczal, Giulia Barcia, Claude Besmond, Fatma Ceren Sarioglu, Arnold Munnich, Manuel Schiff, Alessandra Pennisi, Pelin Teke Kisa, Charles-Joris Roux, Pauline Gaignard, Raphael Levy, Jutta Gärtner, Deepika D Burkardt, Marco Henneke, and Agnès Rötig
Subjects: Adult, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Mitochondrial Diseases, Mitochondrial disease, Neuroimaging, Disease, Mitochondrion, Leukoencephalopathy, Mitochondrial Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Interferon, Leukoencephalopathies, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Child, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Whole Genome Sequencing, business.industry, RNA, Brain, medicine.disease, Pathophysiology, Child, Preschool, Exoribonucleases, Interferon Type I, Leigh Disease, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: BackgroundBiallelic variants in PNPT1 cause a mitochondrial disease of variable severity. PNPT1 (polynucleotide phosphorylase) is a mitochondrial protein involved in RNA processing where it has a dual role in the import of small RNAs into mitochondria and in preventing the formation and release of mitochondrial double-stranded RNA into the cytoplasm. This, in turn, prevents the activation of type I interferon response. Detailed neuroimaging findings in PNPT1-related disease are lacking with only a few patients reported with basal ganglia lesions (Leigh syndrome) or non-specific signs.Objective and methodsTo document neuroimaging data in six patients with PNPT1 highlighting novel findings.ResultsTwo patients exhibited striatal lesions compatible with Leigh syndrome; one patient exhibited leukoencephalopathy and one patient had a normal brain MRI. Interestingly, two unrelated patients exhibited cystic leukoencephalopathy resembling RNASET2-deficient patients, patients with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) or congenital CMV infection.ConclusionWe suggest that similar to RNASET2, PNPT1 be searched for in the setting of cystic leukoencephalopathy. These findings are in line with activation of type I interferon response observed in AGS, PNPT1 and RNASET2 deficiencies, suggesting a common pathophysiological pathway and linking mitochondrial diseases, interferonopathies and immune dysregulations.
Published: 2020

25. Novel FARS2 variants in patients with early onset encephalopathy with or without epilepsy associated with long survival

Author: Zahra Assouline, Pascale de Lonlay, Metodi D. Metodiev, Isabelle Desguerre, Charles-Joris Roux, Marlène Rio, Agnès Rötig, Benedetta Ruzzenente, Julie Steffann, Coralie Zangarelli, Arnold Munnich, Nathalie Boddaert, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, and Giulia Barcia
Subjects: Male, Mitochondrial DNA, Nuclear gene, Adolescent, Mitochondrial translation, Encephalopathy, Mutation, Missense, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Brief Communication, Compound heterozygosity, Frameshift mutation, Mitochondrial Proteins, Epilepsy, Genetics, Missense mutation, Humans, Medicine, Genetics (clinical), Mutation, business.industry, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Spastic tetraparesis, Myoclonic epilepsy, Female, Phenylalanine-tRNA Ligase, business, Spasms, Infantile
Abstract: Mitochondrial translation is essential for the biogenesis of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) that synthesizes the bulk of ATP for the cell. Hypomorphic and loss-of-function variants in either mitochondrial DNA or in nuclear genes that encode mitochondrial translation factors can result in impaired OXPHOS biogenesis and mitochondrial diseases with variable clinical presentations.Compound heterozygous or homozygous missense and frameshift variants in the FARS2 gene, that encodes the mitochondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, are commonly linked to either early-onset epileptic mitochondrial encephalopathy or spastic paraplegia. Here, we expand the genetic spectrum of FARS2-linked disease with three patients carrying novel compound heterozygous variants in the FARS2 gene and presenting with spastic tetraparesis, axial hypotonia and myoclonic epilepsy in two cases.
Published: 2020

26. Expanding the genetic and phenotypic relevance of KCNB1 variants in developmental and epileptic encephalopathies: 27 new patients and overview of the literature

Author: Delphine Breuillard, Isabelle Marey, Claire Bar, Tayeb Sekhara, Candace T. Myers, Diane Doummar, Alice Poisson, Hervé Isnard, Nathalie Dorison, Gwenaël Le Guyader, Arnold Munnich, Alexandra Afenjar, Anne de Saint Martin, Jamel Chelly, Gaetan Lesca, Gaetano Terrone, Rima Nabbout, Jeremy L. Freeman, David Geneviève, Sophie Dupont, Cyril Mignot, Katherine B. Howell, Giulia Barcia, Melanie Jennesson, Patrick Berquin, Sylvie Odent, Boris Keren, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Renzo Guerrini, Emmanuel Scalais, Thierry Billette de Villemeur, Martino Montomoli, Agnès Guët, Pierre Meyer, Anca Nica, Anne-Sophie Lebre, Edor Kabashi, Carla Marini, Amy L Schneider, Marion Gérard, Salima El Chehadeh, Heather C Mefford, Lynette G. Sadleir, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), American Memorial Hospital, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), University of Melbourne, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), A Meyer Children's Hospital, Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (CNC), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe NEMESIS - Centre de Recherches de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (NEMESIS-CRICM), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU Montpellier], Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital Louis-Mourier, Colombes, France., Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg [Luxembourg] (CHL), Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris., University of Washington [Seattle], Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., A.Meyer Children's Hospital, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Section of Pediatrics-Child Neurology Unit, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy, Centre Hospitalier Interrégional Edith Cavell (CHIREC), Service de génétique [Reims], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), CLAD-Ouest, CHU Rennes, France., University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Pediatric Neurology & Neurogenetics Unit and Laboratories, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI)-Children's Hospital A. Meyer, Epilepsy Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia., Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Centre de référence des épilepsies rares [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Unité fonctionnelle d'épilepsie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], H2020 European Research Council, Health Research Council of New Zealand, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Seventh Framework Programme, Fondation Bettencourt Schueller, European Research Council, Bar, C, Barcia, G, Jennesson, M, Le Guyader, G, Schneider, A, Mignot, C, Lesca, G, Breuillard, D, Montomoli, M, Keren, B, Doummar, D, de Villemeur, Tb, Afenjar, A, Marey, I, Gerard, M, Isnard, H, Poisson, A, Dupont, S, Berquin, P, Meyer, P, Genevieve, D, De Saint Martin, A, El Chehadeh, S, Chelly, J, Guët, A, Scalais, E, Dorison, N, Myers, Ct, Mefford, Hc, Howell, Kb, Marini, C, Freeman, Jl, Nica, A, Terrone, G, Sekhara, T, Lebre, A, Odent, S, Sadleir, Lg, Munnich, A, Guerrini, R, Scheffer, Ie, Kabashi, E, Nabbout, R, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Service de Génétique et Cytogénétique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France., Centre de Référence déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares, GH Pitie-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, F-, 75013, Paris, France., Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU de Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, C.H.I.R.E.C, Brussels, Belgium., Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Children's Hospital A. Meyer-University of Florence (UNIFI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (ISC-MJ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild [Paris], Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI)-Children's Hospital A. Meyer, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Children's Hospital A. Meyer-Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière]
Subjects: Genotype, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biology, Structure-Activity Relationship, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, Shab Potassium Channels, KCNB1, Intellectual disability, Genetic variation, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Missense mutation, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Allele, developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, Alleles, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics (clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, 030305 genetics & heredity, Genetic Variation, medicine.disease, Axon initial segment, Phenotype, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, epilepsy, potassium channel
Abstract: International audience; Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) refer to a heterogeneous group of devastating neurodevelopmental disorders. Variants in KCNB1 have been recently reported in patients with early-onset DEE. KCNB1 encodes the alpha subunit of the delayed-rectifier voltage-dependent potassium channel Kv 2.1. We review the 37 previously reported patients carrying 29 distinct KCNB1 variants and significantly expand the mutational spectrum describing 18 novel variants from 27 unreported patients. Most variants occur de novo and mainly consist of missense variants located on the voltage sensor and the pore domain of Kv 2.1. We also report the first inherited variant (p.Arg583*). KCNB1-related encephalopathies encompass a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders with predominant language difficulties and behavioral impairment. Eighty-five percent of patients developed epilepsies with variable syndromes and prognosis. Truncating variants in the C-terminal domain are associated with a less severe epileptic phenotype. Overall, this report provides an up-to-date review of the mutational and clinical spectrum of KCNB1, strengthening its place as a causal gene in DEEs and emphasizing the need for further functional studies to unravel the underlying mechanisms.
Published: 2020

27. Inhibition of mitochondrial translation in fibroblasts from a patient expressing the KARS p.(Pro228Leu) variant and presenting with sensorineural deafness, developmental delay, and lactic acidosis

Author: Giulia Barcia, Arnold Munnich, Marlène Rio, Benedetta Ruzzenente, Agnès Rötig, Nathalie Boddaert, Zahra Assouline, and Metodi D. Metodiev
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Mitochondrial translation, Developmental Disabilities, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural, RNA Stability, Mitochondrial disease, Biology, Compound heterozygosity, medicine.disease_cause, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras), 03 medical and health sciences, Exome Sequencing, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Missense mutation, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Mutation, Infant, Translation (biology), Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, Mitochondria, Pedigree, HEK293 Cells, 030104 developmental biology, Protein Biosynthesis, Lactic acidosis, Acidosis, Lactic, Female
Abstract: Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are ubiquitous enzymes, which universally charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids for use in cytosolic or organellar translation. In humans, mutations in mitochondrial tRNA synthetases have been linked to different tissue-specific pathologies. Mutations in the KARS gene, which encodes both the cytosolic and mitochondrial isoform of lysyl-tRNA synthetase, cause predominantly neurological diseases that often involve deafness, but have also been linked to cardiomyopathy, developmental delay, and lactic acidosis. Using whole exome sequencing, we identified two compound heterozygous mutations, NM_001130089.1:c.683C>T p.(Pro228Leu) and NM_001130089.1:c.1438del p.(Leu480TrpfsX3), in a patient presenting with sensorineural deafness, developmental delay, hypotonia, and lactic acidosis. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay eliminated the truncated mRNA transcript, rendering the patient hemizygous for the missense mutation. The c.683C>T mutation was previously described, but its pathogenicity remained unexamined. Molecular characterization of patient fibroblasts revealed a multiple oxidative phosphorylation deficiency due to impaired mitochondrial translation, but no evidence of inhibition of cytosolic translation. Reintroduction of wild-type mitochondrial KARS, but not the cytosolic isoform, rescued this phenotype confirming the disease-causing nature of p.(Pro228Leu) exchange and demonstrating the mitochondrial etiology of the disease. We propose that mitochondrial translation deficiency is the probable disease culprit in this and possibly other patients with mutations in KARS.
Published: 2018

28. PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration: Lessons from neurophysiological findings

Author: Cyril Gitiaux, Anna Kaminska, Nathalie Boddaert, Giulia Barcia, Sophie Guéden, Sylvie Nguyen The Tich, Pascale De Lonlay, Susana Quijano-Roy, Marie Hully, Yann Péréon, and Isabelle Desguerre
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Neuroaxonal Dystrophies, Axonal loss, Electromyography, Electroencephalography, Group VI Phospholipases A2, Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Child, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Infant, West Syndrome, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Epileptic spasms, 030104 developmental biology, Globus pallidus, Neonatal hypotonia, Mutation, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background and aims Phospholipase A2 associated neurodegeneration (PLAN) is a heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the ubiquitously expressed PLA2G6 gene. It is responsible for delayed brain iron accumulation and induces progressive psychomotor regression. We report the concomitant clinical, radiological and neurophysiological findings in PLAN patients in an attempt to determine the contribution of each test to guide diagnosis. Methods Concomitant clinical, radiological, electroencephalographic (EEG) and electrodiagnostic testing (EDX) findings in a series of 8 consecutive genetically confirmed PLAN patients were collected. Results All patients presented marked motor axonal loss, with decreased or absent distal compound muscle action potentials, acute and chronic denervation at needle electromyography, in contrast with preservation of sensory conduction. EEG showed high-amplitude fast activity in all patients aged above 15 months. Two patients showing severe neonatal hypotonia displayed atypical hypsarhythmia and epileptic spasms. Iron deposition in globus pallidus was observed in only two patients aged above 6 years. Conclusions Peripheral involvement is an early feature in PLAN recognizable by EDX at an earlier stage than typical iron accumulation in the brain. Furthermore, the association of West syndrome and axonal motor neuropathy may represent positive clues in favor of PLAN. This results emphasize the interest of early and repeated EDX.
Published: 2018

29. Evidence of diaphragmatic dysfunction with severe alveolar hypoventilation syndrome in mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency

Author: Alessandro Amaddeo, Nathalie Boddaert, Sonia Khirani, Isabelle Desguerre, Brigitte Fauroux, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Arnold Munnich, Manuel Schiff, Agnès Rötig, Claude Besmond, Norma B. Romero, Alessandra Pennisi, Zahra Assouline, Giulia Barcia, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université de Paris (UP), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique (VIFASOM (URP_7330)), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and CCSD, Accord Elsevier
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Weakness, Paradoxical breathing, Mitochondrial Diseases, Mitochondrial disease, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Diaphragm, Diaphragmatic breathing, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Alveolar hypoventilation syndrome, Internal medicine, medicine, Respiratory muscle, Humans, Child, Genetics (clinical), Noninvasive Ventilation, business.industry, Hypoventilation, medicine.disease, Heteroplasmy, Respiratory Muscles, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, Mitochondrial respiratory chain, Neurology, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Mutation, Cardiology, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Diaphragmatic dysfunction has been reported in congenital myopathies, muscular dystrophies, and occasionally, mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency. Using a minimally invasive procedure in 3 young girls, 1 with a heteroplasmic MT-CYB mutation and 2 with biallelic pathogenic TK2 variants, we provided functional evidence of diaphragmatic dysfunction with global respiratory muscle weakness in mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency. Analysis of respiratory muscle performance using esogastric pressures revealed paradoxical breathing and severe global inspiratory and expiratory muscle weakness with a sniff esophageal inspiratory pressure and a gastric pressure during cough averaging 50% and 40% of predicted values, respectively. This diaphragmatic dysfunction was responsible for severe undiagnosed nocturnal hypoventilation, requiring noninvasive ventilation. Our results underline the interest of this minimally invasive procedure for the evaluation of respiratory muscle performance and its potential value for the monitoring of future clinical trials in respiratory chain deficiency.
Published: 2019

30. De novo mutation screening in childhood-onset cerebellar atrophy identifies gain-of-function mutations in the CACNA1G calcium channel gene

Author: Giulia Barcia, Laurence Hubert, Emily Fassi, Julien Thevenon, Laurence Faivre, Philippe Lory, Daniel Medina-Cano, Pierre Blanc, Nathalie Boddaert, Nami Altin, Karine Siquier-Pernet, Marlène Rio, Céline Vidal, Jean Chemin, Sylvain Hanein, Holly H. Zimmerman, Marwan Shinawi, Patrick Nitschke, Vincent Cantagrel, Cécile Fourage, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Christine Bole-Feysot, Jeanne Amiel, Ali Ahmad, Arnold Munnich, Michael Nicouleau, Stanislas Lyonnet, Laurence Colleaux, Isabelle Desguerre, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Plateforme de génomique [SFR Necker], Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker (SFR Necker - UMS 3633 / US24), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Plate Forme Paris Descartes de Bioinformatique (BIP-D), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de neurologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Neuroimagerie en psychiatrie (U1000), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Radiologie et imagerie médicale [CHU Necker], Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Baylor University-Baylor University, ANR-16-CE12-0005,SCD-Mec,Mécanismes développementaux des anomalies structurelles cérébelleuses(2016), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Microcephaly, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Developmental Disabilities, medicine.disease_cause, Deep cerebellar nuclei, Cohort Studies, Calcium Channels, T-Type, Purkinje Cells, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebellum, Child, Exome sequencing, Mutation, Brain, Phenotype, Pedigree, Child, Preschool, Gain of Function Mutation, CACNA1G, Female, Cerebellar atrophy, medicine.symptom, voltage-gated calcium channel, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Cerebellar Ataxia, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, cerebellar atrophy, Cerebellar Diseases, Intellectual Disability, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Cerebellar ataxia, medicine.disease, de novo mutation, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Calcium, Calcium Channels, Neurology (clinical), Atrophy, Cav3.1, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: IF 10.848; International audience; Cerebellar atrophy is a key neuroradiological finding usually associated with cerebellar ataxia and cognitive development defect in children. Unlike the adult forms, early onset cerebellar atrophies are classically described as mostly autosomal recessive conditions and the exact contribution of de novo mutations to this phenotype has not been assessed. In contrast, recent studies pinpoint the high prevalence of pathogenic de novo mutations in other developmental disorders such as intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders and epilepsy. Here, we investigated a cohort of 47 patients with early onset cerebellar atrophy and/or hypoplasia using a custom gene panel as well as whole exome sequencing. De novo mutations were identified in 35% of patients while 27% had mutations inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Understanding if these de novo events act through a loss or a gain of function effect is critical for treatment considerations. To gain a better insight into the disease mechanisms causing these cerebellar defects, we focused on CACNA1G, a gene not yet associated with the early-onset form. This gene encodes the Cav3.1 subunit of T-type calcium channels highly expressed in Purkinje neurons and deep cerebellar nuclei. We identified four patients with de novo CACNA1G mutations. They all display severe motor and cognitive impairment, cerebellar atrophy as well as variable features such as facial dysmorphisms, digital anomalies, microcephaly and epilepsy. Three subjects share a recurrent c.2881G>A/p.Ala961Thr variant while the fourth patient has the c.4591A>G/p.Met1531Val variant. Both mutations drastically impaired channel inactivation properties with significantly slower kinetics (∼5 times) and negatively shifted potential for half-inactivation (>10 mV). In addition, these two mutations increase neuronal firing in a cerebellar nuclear neuron model and promote a larger window current fully inhibited by TTA-P2, a selective T-type channel blocker. This study highlights the prevalence of de novo mutations in early-onset cerebellar atrophy and demonstrates that A961T and M1531V are gain of function mutations. Moreover, it reveals that aberrant activity of Cav3.1 channels can markedly alter brain development and suggests that this condition could be amenable to treatment.
Published: 2018

31. IQSEC2-related encephalopathy in males and females: a comparative study including 37 novel patients

Author: Darina Prchalova, Philippe Pm Campeau, Bénédicte Duban-Bedu, Jacques L. Michaud, Marije Koopmans, Arnold Munnich, Christel Depienne, Marilyn Tallot, Fadi F. Hamdan, Eveline Hagebeuk, Marie-Laure Moutard, Anna Kaminska, Petra Laššuthová, Kathryn G. Miller, Ange Line Bruel, Xilma Xr Ortiz-Gonzalez, Shoji Ichikawa, Ingo Helbig, Ethan Em Goldberg, Sarah Weckhuysen, Daphné Lehalle, Elena Gardella, Marie-Bertille Dehouck, Claude Besmond, Patrick Edery, Christine Ioos, Pauline Marzin, Christine Coubes, Julien Buratti, Rima Nabbout, Hubert Journel, Audrey Putoux, Giulia Barcia, Laurence Hubert, Claire Davidson, Berten Ceulemans, Ana Ag Cristancho, Fiona Cunningham, Chloé Quélin, Christèle Dubourg, Aoife Ac McMahon, Thomas Smol, Delphine Héron, Katalin Štěrbová, Katherine Kl Helbig, Boris Keren, Ivan Shelihan, Damien Lederer, Rikke Rs Møller, Emílie Vyhnálková, Alyssa R. Rosen, Natasha Shur, Julie Gauthier, Dragan Marjanovic, Berge Ba Minassian, Marleen Simon, Ledia Brunga, Guillaume Smits, Sandra Janssens, Catheline Vilain, Gaetan Lesca, Caroline Nava, Jasper J. van der Smagt, Laurent Villard, Cyril Mignot, Samuel P. Yang, Joelle Roume, Julie Soblet, JM Pinard, Stéphanie Gobin-Limballe, Bobby P. C. Koeleman, Miroslava Hancarova, Elizabeth J. Donner, Nienke Ne Verbeek, Marie-Line Jacquemont, Marjan J. A. van Kempen, Julia Metreau, David Geneviève, Joannella Morales, Peter M. van Hasselt, Christine Barnerias, Caroline Lacoste, Claire Bar, Thierry Bienvenu, Mathieu Milh, Elsa Rossignol, Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), European Bioinformatics Institute [Hinxton] (EMBL-EBI), EMBL Heidelberg, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), CHU Sainte Justine [Montréal], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Service de neurologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Service de biochimie et de génétique moléculaire [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids), University of Antwerp (UA), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), University Hospital Motol [Prague], Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Center for Medical Genetics [Ghent], Ghent University Hospital, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Institut de Pathologie et Génétique [Gosselies] (I.P.G.), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, CHI Créteil, AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Université de Lyon, CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Hôpital Erasme [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté de Médecine [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Antwerp University Hospital [Edegem] (UZA), Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Rennes], Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Service de Neuropédiatrie [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Génétique clinique, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medizin, Physiology, 030105 genetics & heredity, Seizures/epidemiology, Epilepsy, Brain Diseases/epidemiology, X-linked inheritance, Intellectual disability, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Protein Isoforms, Missense mutation, Genetics(clinical), 10. No inequality, Non-U.S. Gov't, Genetics (clinical), X-linked recessive inheritance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Brain Diseases, Sex Characteristics, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Brain, Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, 3. Good health, Pedigree, Phenotype, intellectual disability, Female, Brain/growth & development, Sex characteristics, Génétique moléculaire, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/genetics, Encephalopathy, Research Support, X-inactivation, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Seizures, Protein Isoforms/genetics, medicine, Journal Article, IQSEC2, Humans, Intellectual Disability/epidemiology, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, isoforms, Correction, Infant, medicine.disease, Newborn, Human genetics, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, epilepsy, Human medicine, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Variants in IQSEC2, escaping X inactivation, cause X-linked intellectual disability with frequent epilepsy in males and females. We aimed to investigate sex-specific differences., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2019

32. KCNT1 epilepsy with migrating focal seizures shows a temporal sequence with poor outcome, high mortality and SUDEP

Author: Anna Kaminska, Rima Nabbout, Thierry Billette de Villemeur, Pascal Benquet, Mathieu Kuchenbuch, Patrick Van Bogaert, Marie-Anne Barthez, Isabelle Desguerre, Stéphane Auvin, Vincent des Portes, Agathe Roubertie, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Giulia Barcia, Cécile Laroche, Marc Gibaud, Emilie Carme, Edouard Hirsch, Nicole Chemaly, Catherine Sarret, Anne de Saint Martin, Fanny Dubois, Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Grenoble, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Institut des Sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Laboratoire sur le langage, le cerveau et la cognition (L2C2), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), French Pediatric Society, French Institute of Health and Medical Research, Clinical Neurosciences in Rennes, INCR, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pascal (IP), and SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Microcephaly, Potassium Channels, Adolescent, migrating focal seizure in infancy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Nerve Tissue Proteins, Disease, Potassium Channels, Sodium-Activated, Gene mutation, Electroencephalography, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, developmental epileptic encephalopathy, medicine, Humans, Precocious puberty, Ictal, Longitudinal Studies, Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Brain Mapping, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Semiology, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, Child, Preschool, malignant migrating partial seizure in infancy, Mutation, Female, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Epilepsies, Partial, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, phenotypic spectrum
Abstract: International audience; Epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures was first described in 1995. Fifteen years later, KCNT1 gene mutations were identified as the major disease-causing gene of this disease. Currently, the data on epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures associated with KCNT1 mutations are heterogeneous and many questions remain unanswered including the prognosis and the long-term outcome especially regarding epilepsy, neurological and developmental status and the presence of microcephaly. The aim of this study was to assess data from patients with epilepsy in infancy with migrating focal seizures with KCNT1 mutations to refine the phenotype spectrum and the outcome. We used mind maps based on medical reports of children followed in the network of the French reference centre for rare epilepsies and we developed family surveys to assess the long-term outcome. Seventeen patients were included [age median (25th-75th percentile) 4 (2-15) years, sex ratio 1.4, length of follow-up 4 (2-15) years]. Seventy-one per cent started at 6 (1-52) days with sporadic motor seizures (n = 12), increasing up to a stormy phase with long lasting migrating seizures at 57 (30-89) days. The others entered this stormy phase directly at 1 (1-23) day. Ten patients entered a consecutive phase at 1.3 (1-2.8) years where seizures persisted at least daily (n = 8), but presented different semiology brief and hypertonic with a nocturnal (n = 6) and clustered (n = 6) aspects. Suppression interictal patterns were identified on the EEG in 71% of patients (n = 12) sometimes from the first EEG (n = 6). Three patients received quinidine without reported efficacy. Long-term outcome was poor with neurological sequelae and active epilepsy except for one patient who had an early and long-lasting seizure-free period. Extracerebral symptoms probably linked with KCNT1 mutation were present, including arteriovenous fistula, dilated cardiomyopathy and precocious puberty. Eight patients (47%) had died at 3 (1.5-15.4) years including three from suspected sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Refining the electro-clinical characteristics and the temporal sequence of epilepsy in infancy with migrating focal seizures should help diagnosis of this epilepsy. A better knowledge of the outcome allows one to advise families and to define the appropriate follow-up and therapies. Extracerebral involvement should be investigated, in particular the cardiac system, as it may be involved in the high prevalence of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy in these cases.
Published: 2019

33. Clinical, neuroimaging and biochemical findings in patients and patient fibroblasts expressing ten novel GFM1 mutations

Author: Giulia Barcia, Agnès Rötig, Pascale de Lonlay, Naïg Gueguen, Manuel Schiff, Marlène Rio, Nathalie Boddaert, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Arnold Munnich, Pascale Marcorelles, Metodi D. Metodiev, Vincent Procaccio, Zahra Assouline, Isabelle Desguerre, Benedetta Ruzzenente, Marie Hully, Julie Steffann, Abdelhamid Slama, Magalie Barth, Coralie Zangarelli, and Valerie D Dumas
Subjects: Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Mitochondrial translation, Neuroimaging, Disease, Biology, Mitochondrial Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, Basal ganglia, Databases, Genetic, Genetics, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetics (clinical), Alleles, Genetic Association Studies, 030304 developmental biology, Dystonia, 0303 health sciences, 030305 genetics & heredity, Brain, West Syndrome, Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, Peptide Elongation Factor G, Phenotype, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mitochondria, Pedigree, Gene Expression Regulation, Mutation, Female, Brainstem
Abstract: Pathogenic GFM1 variants have been linked to neurological phenotypes with or without liver involvement, but only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Here, we report clinical, biochemical, and neuroimaging findings from nine unrelated children carrying GFM1 variants, 10 of which were not previously reported. All patients presented with neurological involvement-mainly axial hypotonia and dystonia during the neonatal period-with five diagnosed with West syndrome; two children had liver involvement with cytolysis episodes or hepatic failure. While two patients died in infancy, six exhibited a stable clinical course. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed the involvement of basal ganglia, brainstem, and periventricular white matter. Mutant EFG1 and OXPHOS proteins were decreased in patient's fibroblasts consistent with impaired mitochondrial translation. Thus, we expand the genetic spectrum of GFM1-linked disease and provide detailed clinical profiles of the patients that will improve the diagnostic success for other patients carrying GFM1 mutations.
Published: 2019

34. Exome sequencing findings in 27 patients with myoclonic-atonic epilepsy: Is there a major genetic factor?

Author: Florine Verny, Giulia Barcia, Laurence Colleaux, Isabelle Desguerre, Rima Nabbout, Nicole Chemaly, Laura Routier, Epilepsies de l'Enfant et Plasticité Cérébrale (U1129), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Épilepsie de l'enfant et plasticité cérébrale (Inserm U663), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de neurologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Candidate gene, Epilepsies, Myoclonic, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, Intellectual disability, Exome Sequencing, Genetics, medicine, STXBP1, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Age of Onset, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Alleles, Genetic Association Studies, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Genetic heterogeneity, Infant, Electroencephalography, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Phenotype, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, CHD2, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Female
Abstract: Myoclonic-atonic epilepsy (MAE) is thought to have a genetic etiology. Mutations in CHD2, SLC2A1 and SLC6A1 genes have been reported in few patients showing often intellectual disability prior to MAE onset. We aimed to explore putative causal genetic factors in MAE. We performed array-CGH and whole-exome sequencing in 27 patients. We considered non-synonymous variants, splice acceptor, donor site mutations, and coding insertions/deletions. A gene was causal when its mutations have been already linked to epilepsy or other brain diseases or when it has a putative function in neuronal excitability or brain development. We identified candidate disease-causing variants in 11 patients (41%). Single variants were found in some known epilepsy-associated genes (namely CHD2, KCNT1, KCNA2 and STXBP1) but not in others (SLC2A1 and SLC6A1). One new candidate gene SUN1 requires further validation. MAE shows underlying genetic heterogeneity with only few cases linked to mutations in genes reported in developmental and epileptic encephalopathies.
Published: 2019

35. Prenatal diagnosis of fragile X syndrome: Small meiotic recombination events at the FMR1 locus

Author: Sophie Rondeau, Martine Raynaud, Marie Boisson, Nathalie Pasquier, Georges Haddad, J Steffann, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Séverine Bacrot, Arnold Munnich, Sophie Monnot, Myriam Rachid, and Giulia Barcia
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Genetic counseling, Locus (genetics), Prenatal diagnosis, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Prenatal Diagnosis, Intellectual disability, medicine, Humans, Allele, Genetics (clinical), Genetics, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Haplotype, Obstetrics and Gynecology, medicine.disease, FMR1, nervous system diseases, Fragile X syndrome, Fragile X Syndrome, Female, Algorithms
Abstract: Objective Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most commonly inherited cause of intellectual disability, is caused by an expansion over 200 CGG repeats (full mutation) in the FMR1 gene. Intergenerational instability of an expanded FMR1 allele is linked to the carrier's gender (female), the CGG repeat size, and the number of AGG interspersions within the CGG repeat, making genetic counseling a complex task. The objective of our work was to emphasize the importance of combining haplotype analysis with FMR1-linked markers and CGG repeat sizing for prenatal diagnosis (PND) of FXS. Methods Two PNDs of FXS were performed using haplotype analysis and sizing of the FMR1 allele. Results We detected two cases of meiotic recombination at the FMR1 locus, ie, reciprocal double crossover or non-crossover, resulting in coexistence of the mutant maternal haplotype and the normal-sized maternal CGG repeat. Conclusion These rare and unexpected cases (1/120 frequency in our experience) have to be kept in mind in PND of FXS since they prohibit using polymorphic marker haplotyping as the only tool to predict the fetus status.
Published: 2018

36. Pitfalls in molecular diagnosis of Friedreich ataxia

Author: Benoît Funalot, Giulia Barcia, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Zahra Assouline, Maryse Magen, Michel Koenig, Myriam Rachid, J Steffann, Christine Barnerias, Arnold Munnich, Agnès Rötig, Epilepsies de l'Enfant et Plasticité Cérébrale (U1129), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire de génétique des maladies rares. Pathologie moleculaire, etudes fonctionnelles et banque de données génétiques (LGMR), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-IFR3, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Handicaps génétiques de l'enfant (Inserm U393), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Genetics of mitochondrial diseases (Equipe Inserm U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratory of neurogenetics and neuroinflammation (Equipe Inserm U1163), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Ataxia, Adolescent, Mitochondrial disease, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biology, Compound heterozygosity, Diagnosis, Differential, Deletion, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, 0302 clinical medicine, Iron-Binding Proteins, Diagnosis, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Testing, TP-PCR, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Point mutation, Intron, Sequence Analysis, DNA, General Medicine, DNA, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Friedreich Ataxia, Aluseq, Differential, FXN gene, Female, medicine.symptom, Trinucleotide repeat expansion, Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion, Sequence Analysis, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Freidreich ataxia (FRDA) is the most common hereditary ataxia, nearly 98% of patients harbouring homozygous GAA expansions in intron 1 of the FXN gene (NM\₀00144.4). The remaining patients are compound heterozygous for an expansion and a point mutation or an exonic deletion. Molecular screening for FXN expansion is therefore focused on (GAA)n expansion analysis, commonly performed by triplet repeat primed PCR (PT-PCR). We report on an initial pitfall in the molecular characterization of a 15 year-old girl with Freidreich ataxia (FRDA) who carried a rare deletion in intron 1 of the FXN gene. Due to this deletion TP-PCR failed to amplify the GAA expansion. This exceptional configuration induced misinterpretation of the molecular defect in this patient, who was first reported as having no FXN expansion. NGS analysis of a panel of 212 genes involved in nuclear mitochondrial disorders further revealed an intragenic deletion encompassing exons 4-5 of the FXN gene. Modified TP-PCR analysis confirmed the presence of a classical (GAA)n expansion located in trans. This case points out the possible pitfalls in molecular diagnosis of FRDA in affected patients and their relatives: detection of the FXN expansion may be impaired by several non-pathological or pathological variants around the FXN (GAA)n repeat. We propose a new molecular strategy to accurately detect expansion by TP-PCR in FRDA patients.
Published: 2018

37. Distal duplication of chromosome 16q22.1q23.1 in a Vietnamese patient with midface hypoplasia and intellectual disability

Author: Kiem Lien Thi Nguyen, Laurence Colleaux, Lam Son Nguyen, Van Hai Nong, Thu Hien Nguyen, Diem Ngoc Ngo, Pierre Landrieu, Van Anh Pham, Valérie Malan, Huy Hoang Nguyen, Giulia Barcia, Hanoi School of Public Health (HUPH), Molecular and pathophysiological bases of cognitive disorders (Equipe Inserm U1163), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Vietnamese, Visual impairment, Forked tongue, Craniofacial Abnormalities, 03 medical and health sciences, Ptosis, Intellectual Disability, Gene duplication, Intellectual disability, Chromosome Duplication, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetics (clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Genetic Association Studies, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, business.industry, Facies, medicine.disease, language.human_language, 030104 developmental biology, Phenotype, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Vietnam, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1, language, medicine.symptom, Presentation (obstetrics), business, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract: The clinical presentation of distal duplications of the long arm of chromosome (chr) 16 is currently not well described. Only one case of microduplication of chr16q22.1 and another involving the chr16q22.1q23.1 region have been reported so far. Here, using array comparative genomic hybridization, we identified a second case of chr16q22.1q23.1 duplication in a Vietnamese boy, who shares significant clinical phenotype with the previously described case. Aside from developmental delay, intellectual disability and midface hypoplasia, our patient also displays a forked tongue, visual impairment and external ptosis. Our report further expands the clinical spectrum associated with duplication of this region.
Published: 2017

38. High predictive value of brain MRI imaging in primary mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency

Author: Raphaël Levy, Arnold Munnich, David Grevent, Benedetta Ruzzenente, Pascale de Lonlay, Isaure de Beaurepaire, Claude Besmond, Zahra Assouline, Isabelle Desguerre, Nathalie Boddaert, Marlène Rio, Volodia Dangouloff-Ros, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Giulia Barcia, Benoît Funalot, Metodi D. Metodiev, and Agnès Rötig
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Spinothalamic tract, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Mitochondrial Diseases, Adolescent, Corpus callosum, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Predictive Value of Tests, Basal ganglia, Genetics, Medicine, Humans, Child, Genetics (clinical), business.industry, Brain, Infant, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hyperintensity, Respiratory enzyme, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Mitochondrial respiratory chain, Child, Preschool, Female, Brainstem, Differential diagnosis, Atrophy, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: BackgroundBecause the mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) is ubiquitous, its deficiency can theoretically give rise to any symptom in any organ or tissue at any age with any mode of inheritance, owing to the twofold genetic origin of respiratory enzyme machinery, that is, nuclear and mitochondrial. Not all respiratory enzyme deficiencies are primary and secondary or artefactual deficiency is frequently observed, leading to a number of misleading conclusions and inappropriate investigations in clinical practice. This study is aimed at investigating the potential role of brain MRI in distinguishing primary RC deficiency from phenocopies and other aetiologies.MethodsStarting from a large series of 189 patients (median age: 3.5 years (8 days–56 years), 58% males) showing signs of RC enzyme deficiency, for whom both brain MRIs and disease-causing mutations were available, we retrospectively studied the positive predictive value (PPV) and the positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of brain MRI imaging and its ability to discriminate between two groups: primary deficiency of the mitochondrial RC machinery and phenocopies.ResultsDetection of (1) brainstem hyperintensity with basal ganglia involvement (P≤0.001) and (2) lactate peak with either brainstem or basal ganglia hyperintensity was highly suggestive of primary RC deficiency (P≤0.01). Fourteen items had a PPV>95% and LR+ was greater than 9 for seven signs. Biallelic SLC19A3 mutations represented the main differential diagnosis. Non-significant differences between the two groups were found for cortical/subcortical atrophy, leucoencephalopathy and involvement of caudate nuclei, spinothalamic tract and corpus callosum.ConclusionBased on these results and owing to invasiveness of skeletal muscle biopsies and cost of high-throughput DNA sequencing, we suggest giving consideration to brain MRI imaging as a diagnostic marker and an informative investigation to be performed in patients showing signs of RC enzyme deficiency.
Published: 2017

39. NDUFB8 Mutations Cause Mitochondrial Complex I Deficiency in Individuals with Leigh-like Encephalomyopathy

Author: Agnès Rötig, Sylvain Hanein, René G. Feichtinger, Lavinija Mataković, Joanna Trubicka, Giulia Barcia, Eliška Koňaříková, Agnieszka Pollak, Rafał Płoski, Elżbieta Ciara, Johannes A. Mayr, Mirjana Gusic, Katarzyna Iwanicka-Pronicka, Wolfgang Sperl, Saskia B. Wortmann, Piotr Stawiński, Zahra Assouline, Ewa Pronicka, Dariusz Rokicki, Elżbieta Jurkiewicz, Andreas Koller, Piotr Gasperowicz, Dorota Piekutowska-Abramczuk, and Holger Prokisch
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Mitochondrial DNA, Mitochondrial Diseases, Mitochondrial disease, Respiratory chain, Porins, Mitochondrion, Biology, Oxidative Phosphorylation, 03 medical and health sciences, Report, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Brain Diseases, Electron Transport Complex I, Muscular hypotonia, Brain, Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pedigree, Complex I, Lactic Acidosis, Leigh Syndrome, Mitochondria, Nadh Dehydrogenase, Respiratory Chain, 030104 developmental biology, Lactic acidosis, Failure to thrive, Mutation, Female, medicine.symptom, Leigh Disease
Abstract: Respiratory chain complex I deficiency is the most frequently identified biochemical defect in childhood mitochondrial diseases. Clinical symptoms range from fatal infantile lactic acidosis to Leigh syndrome and other encephalomyopathies or cardiomyopathies. To date, disease-causing variants in genes coding for 27 complex I subunits, including 7 mitochondrial DNA genes, and in 11 genes encoding complex I assembly factors have been reported. Here, we describe rare biallelic variants in NDUFB8 encoding a complex I accessory subunit revealed by whole-exome sequencing in two individuals from two families. Both presented with a progressive course of disease with encephalo(cardio) myopathic features including muscular hypotonia, cardiac hypertrophy, respiratory failure, failure to thrive, and developmental delay. Blood lactate was elevated. Neuroimaging disclosed progressive changes in the basal ganglia and either brain stem or internal capsule. Biochemical analyses showed an isolated decrease in complex I enzymatic activity in muscle and fibroblasts. Complementation studies by expression of wild-type NDUFB8 in cells from affected individuals restored mitochondrial function, confirming NDUFB8 variants as the cause of complex I deficiency. Hereby we establish NDUFB8 as a relevant gene in childhood-onset mitochondrial disease.
Published: 2017

40. Mutations in Complex I Assembly Factor TMEM126B Result in Muscle Weakness and Isolated Complex I Deficiency

Author: Zahra Assouline, Sergio Guerrero-Castillo, Giulia Barcia, Mariël A.M. van den Brand, Agnès Rötig, Benedetta Ruzzenente, Metodi D. Metodiev, Leo G.J. Nijtmans, Laura Sánchez-Caballero, Lucas Bianchi, Richard J. Rodenburg, Marlène Rio, Ulrich Brandt, Benoît Funalot, Joery P. Molenaar, and David A. Koolen
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, myalgia, Adult, Male, Heterozygote, Mitochondrial Diseases, Adolescent, Exercise intolerance, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Report, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Exome, Child, Exercise, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Mutation, Electron Transport Complex I, Muscle Weakness, Genetic Complementation Test, Infant, Membrane Proteins, Metabolic Disorders Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 6], Heterozygote advantage, Disorders of movement Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 3], Complementation, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.symptom, Rare cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 9]
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 165717.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Mitochondrial complex I deficiency results in a plethora of often severe clinical phenotypes manifesting in early childhood. Here, we report on three complex-I-deficient adult subjects with relatively mild clinical symptoms, including isolated, progressive exercise-induced myalgia and exercise intolerance but with normal later development. Exome sequencing and targeted exome sequencing revealed compound-heterozygous mutations in TMEM126B, encoding a complex I assembly factor. Further biochemical analysis of subject fibroblasts revealed a severe complex I deficiency caused by defective assembly. Lentiviral complementation with the wild-type cDNA restored the complex I deficiency, demonstrating the pathogenic nature of these mutations. Further complexome analysis of one subject indicated that the complex I assembly defect occurred during assembly of its membrane module. Our results show that TMEM126B defects can lead to complex I deficiencies and, interestingly, that symptoms can occur only after exercise.
Published: 2016

41. Utility of whole exome sequencing for the early diagnosis of pediatric-onset cerebellar atrophy associated with developmental delay in an inbred population

Author: Michael Nicouleau, Giulia Barcia, Mélanie Parisot, Arnold Munnich, Laurence Colleaux, Christine Bole-Feysot, Vincent Cantagrel, Isabelle Desguerre, Patrick Nitschke, Nathalie Boddaert, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Cécile Masson, Daniel Medina-Cano, Marlène Rio, Hisham Megahed, Karine Siquier-Pernet, Clinical Genetics Department [Dokki, Egypt], Human Genetics and Genome Research Division [Dokki, Egypt]-National Research Center [Dokki, Egypt], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Plateforme de génomique [SFR Necker], Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker (SFR Necker - UMS 3633 / US24), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plate Forme Paris Descartes de Bioinformatique (BIP-D), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Service de neurologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], Service de radiologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], ANR-12-PDOC-0026,CerID-Gene,Mécanismes génétiques et physiopathologiques responsables de déficiences intellectuelles associées à une malformation cérébelleuse(2012), ANR-10-IAHU-0001,Imagine,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Imagine(2010), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Epilepsies de l'Enfant et Plasticité Cérébrale (U1129), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Neuroimagerie en psychiatrie (U1000), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques ( IMAGINE - U1163 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker ( SFR Necker - UMS 3633 / US24 ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plate Forme Paris Descartes de Bioinformatique ( BIP-D ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], ANR-12-PDOC-0026,CerID-Gene,Mécanismes génétiques et physiopathologiques responsables de déficiences intellectuelles associées à une malformation cérébelleuse ( 2012 ), ANR-10-IAHU-0001/10-IAHU-0001,Imagine,Imagine ( 2010 ), BMC, BMC, Retour Post-Doctorant - Mécanismes génétiques et physiopathologiques responsables de déficiences intellectuelles associées à une malformation cérébelleuse - - CerID-Gene2012 - ANR-12-PDOC-0026 - PDOC - VALID, Instituts Hospitalo-Universitaires - Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Imagine - - Imagine2010 - ANR-10-IAHU-0001 - IAHU - VALID, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Proband, Exome sequencing, Developmental Disabilities, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Intellectual disability, 0302 clinical medicine, Exome, Genetics(clinical), Pharmacology (medical), Molybdenum cofactor deficiency, Genetics (clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, KIF1A, Genetics, Medicine(all), MOCS2, Brain, General Medicine, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Cerebellum atrophy, Female, Cerebellar atrophy, medicine.symptom, Cerebellar Ataxia, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Atrophy, medicine, Humans, Cerebellar ataxia, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Research, Sequence Analysis, DNA, medicine.disease, Human genetics, Early Diagnosis, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Mutation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Cerebellar atrophy and developmental delay are commonly associated features in large numbers of genetic diseases that frequently also include epilepsy. These defects are highly heterogeneous on both the genetic and clinical levels. Patients with these signs also typically present with non-specific neuroimaging results that can help prioritize further investigation but don’t suggest a specific molecular diagnosis. Methods To genetically explore a cohort of 18 Egyptian families with undiagnosed cerebellar atrophy identified on MRI, we sequenced probands and some non-affected family members via high-coverage whole exome sequencing (WES; >97 % of the exome covered at least by 30x). Patients were mostly from consanguineous families, either sporadic or multiplex. We analyzed WES data and filtered variants according to dominant and recessive inheritance models. Results We successfully identified disease-causing mutations in half of the families screened (9/18). These mutations are located in seven different genes, PLA2G6 being the gene most frequently mutated (n = 3). We also identified a recurrent de novo mutation in the KIF1A gene and a molybdenum cofactor deficiency caused by the loss of the start codon in the MOCS2A open-reading frame in a mildly affected subject. Conclusions This study illustrates the necessity of screening for dominant mutations in WES data from consanguineous families. Our identification of a patient with a mild and improving phenotype carrying a previously characterized severe loss of function mutation also broadens the clinical spectrum associated with molybdenum cofactor deficiency. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13023-016-0436-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2015

42. Epilepsy and EEG paroxysmal abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders

Author: Giulia Barcia, Maria Cristina Scaduto, Margherita Santucci, Antonia Parmeggiani, Annio Posar, Elena Raimondi, A. Parmeggiani, G. Barcia, A. Posar, E. Raimondi, M. Santucci, and M.C. Scaduto
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Population, Audiology, Electroencephalography, Young Adult, Epilepsy, Developmental Neuroscience, medicine, Humans, In patient, Young adult, Child, education, Psychiatry, Febrile convulsions, Retrospective Studies, education.field_of_study, medicine.diagnostic_test, Age Factors, Brain, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Autism, Female, Neurology (clinical), Psychology
Abstract: The occurrence of epilepsy in autism is variable; nevertheless, EEG paroxysmal abnormalities (PA) are frequently recorded in patients with autism, although the influence of epilepsy and/or EEG PA on the autistic regression has not been clarified yet. We examine a large sample of 345 inpatients with autism, divided into three groups: (1) patients without epilepsy and EEG PA; (2) patients with EEG PA but no seizures; (3) patients with epilepsy including febrile convulsions. The prevalence of epilepsy (24.9%) and EEG PA (45.5%) was higher than that reported in the general population. The significant differences among the three groups concerned autistic regression (comparison between groups 1 and 2, p0.05; comparison between groups 1 and 3, p0.01), cerebral lesions (comparison between groups 1 and 2, p0.05; between groups 1 and 3, p0.001), and symptomatic autism (comparison between groups 1 and 2 as much as comparison between groups 1 and 3, p0.001), which were prevalent in groups 2 and 3; while severe/profound mental retardation was more frequent in group 3 compared to group 1 (p0.01). Focal epilepsy (43.0%) and febrile convulsions (33.7%) were frequent in the third group with epilepsy. EEG PA were mainly localized in temporal and central areas (31.4%). Only 2.6% of patients had subcontinuous/continuous EEG PA during sleep. Seizures and EEG PA were not related to autistic regression. EEG PA occurred mainly in childhood, while epilepsy tended to occur (p0.001) as age increased. The age at onset of seizures had two peaks: between 0 and 5 and between 10 and 15 years with no difference between idiopathic and symptomatic cases. In 58.5% of subjects agedor = 20 years, epilepsy including febrile seizures occurred at some point of their lives, while cases with only EEG PA were less frequent (9.7%). The relationship among autism, EEG PA and epilepsy should be clarified and investigated. In autism, seizures and EEG PA could represent an epiphenomenon of a cerebral dysfunction independent of apparent lesions.
Published: 2010

43. A novel mutation in STXBP1 causing epileptic encephalopathy (late onset infantile spasms) with partial respiratory chain complex IV deficiency

Author: Rima Nabbout, Agnès Rötig, Karine Siquier-Pernet, Marlène Rio, Giulia Barcia, Christine Barnerias, Laurence Colleaux, Isabelle Desguerre, and Arnold Munnich
Subjects: Male, Mitochondrial DNA, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Ohtahara syndrome, Mitochondrial disease, Nonsense mutation, Late onset, Syntaxin binding, Electron Transport Complex IV, Epilepsy, Munc18 Proteins, Intellectual Disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, STXBP1, Genetics (clinical), Lennox Gastaut Syndrome, business.industry, Infant, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Brain Waves, Codon, Nonsense, business, Spasms, Infantile
Abstract: STXBP1 (MUNC18.1), encoding syntaxin binding protein 1, has been reported in Ohtahara syndrome, a rare epileptic encephalopathy with suppression burst pattern on EEG, in patients with infantile spasms and in a few patients with nonsyndromic mental retardation without epilepsy. We report a patient who presented late onset infantile spasms. Epilepsy was controlled but the patient developed severe mental delay. A first diagnosis of mitochondrial disease was based on clinical presentation and on a partial deficit of respiratory chain complex IV, but molecular screening for mitochondrial genes was negative. The sequencing of STXBP1 gene found a de novo nonsense mutation (c.585C>G/p.Tyr195X). This observation widens the clinical spectrum linked to STXBP1 mutations with the description of a patient with late onset infantile spasms. It raises the question of the value of epilepsy genes screening in patients with uncertain, partial or unconfirmed mitochondrial dysfunction.
Published: 2013

44. Human Slack potassium channel mutations increase positive cooperativity between individual channels

Author: Jenny C. Taylor, Laurence Colleaux, Leonard K. Kaczmarek, Giulia Barcia, Hilary C. Martin, Jack Kronengold, Rima Nabbout, Imran H. Quraishi, Grace Kim, Edward Blair, Olivier Dulac, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Clinical Genetics, Oxford Regional Genetics Service, The Churchill hospital, University of Oxford [Oxford], Centre de référence des épilepsies rares [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Unité fonctionnelle d'épilepsie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Département de Neuropédiatrie, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Departments of pharmacology and molecular biophysics and biochemistry [New Haven], Yale University School of Medicine, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]
Subjects: Potassium Channels, Mutant, Mutation, Missense, Gene Expression, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Gating, Potassium Channels, Sodium-Activated, medicine.disease_cause, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Xenopus laevis, medicine, Animals, Humans, Point Mutation, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Ion channel, Cells, Cultured, Genetics, Mutation, Epilepsy, Chemistry, Point mutation, Infant, Newborn, Cooperative binding, Infant, Potassium channel, Rats, lcsh:Biology (General), [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Child, Preschool, Biophysics, Communication channel
Abstract: Summary: Disease-causing mutations in ion channels generally alter intrinsic gating properties such as activation, inactivation, and voltage dependence. We examined nine different mutations of the KCNT1 (Slack) Na+-activated K+ channel that give rise to three distinct forms of epilepsy. All produced many-fold increases in current amplitude compared to the wild-type channel. This could not be accounted for by increases in the intrinsic open probability of individual channels. Rather, greatly increased opening was a consequence of cooperative interactions between multiple channels in a patch. The degree of cooperative gating was much greater for all of the mutant channels than for the wild-type channel, and could explain increases in current even in a mutant with reduced unitary conductance. We also found that the same mutation gave rise to different forms of epilepsy in different individuals. Our findings indicate that a major consequence of these mutations is to alter channel-channel interactions. : Slack KCNT1 channels regulate how neurons respond to sustained stimulation. Kim et al. characterized nine KCNT1 mutations found in epilepsy patients with severe intellectual disabilities and showed that, in isolation, channel behavior is unaltered. However, in groups, mutant channels interact with each other abnormally, increasing current that flows through the channels.
Published: 2014

45. Mutations in QARS, Encoding Glutaminyl-tRNA Synthetase, Cause Progressive Microcephaly, Cerebral-Cerebellar Atrophy, and Intractable Seizures

Author: Laurence Colleaux, Sarah Servattalab, Dorothée Ville, Jacqueline Rodriguez, Jiqiang Ling, Giulia Barcia, Jiang Wu, Jill M. Weimer, R. Sean Hill, Arnold Munnich, Timothy W. Yu, Lili Jing, Olivier Dulac, Anh Thu N. Lam, Jennifer N. Partlow, Nathalie Boddaert, Ganeshwaran H. Mochida, Leonard I. Zon, Quinn Stein, Dieter Söll, Annapurna Poduri, Christopher A. Walsh, Xiaochang Zhang, Rima Nabbout, Brenda J. Barry, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle (GMGF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Epilepsies de l'Enfant et Plasticité Cérébrale (U1129), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry-Yale (DMBB), Yale University [New Haven], and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, Microcephaly, Aminoacylation, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Article, Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases, Atrophy, Seizures, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Zebrafish, Genetics (clinical), Loss function, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mutation, Brain Diseases, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pedigree, medicine.anatomical_structure, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Cerebral cortex, Child, Preschool, Cerebellar vermis, Cerebellar atrophy, Female
Abstract: Progressive microcephaly is a heterogeneous condition with causes including mutations in genes encoding regulators of neuronal survival. Here, we report the identification of mutations in QARS (encoding glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase [QARS]) as the causative variants in two unrelated families affected by progressive microcephaly, severe seizures in infancy, atrophy of the cerebral cortex and cerebellar vermis, and mild atrophy of the cerebellar hemispheres. Whole-exome sequencing of individuals from each family independently identified compound-heterozygous mutations in QARS as the only candidate causative variants. QARS was highly expressed in the developing fetal human cerebral cortex in many cell types. The four QARS mutations altered highly conserved amino acids, and the aminoacylation activity of QARS was significantly impaired in mutant cell lines. Variants p.Gly45Val and p.Tyr57His were located in the N-terminal domain required for QARS interaction with proteins in the multisynthetase complex and potentially with glutamine tRNA, and recombinant QARS proteins bearing either substitution showed an over 10-fold reduction in aminoacylation activity. Conversely, variants p.Arg403Trp and p.Arg515Trp, each occurring in a different family, were located in the catalytic core and completely disrupted QARS aminoacylation activity in vitro. Furthermore, p.Arg403Trp and p.Arg515Trp rendered QARS less soluble, and p.Arg403Trp disrupted QARS-RARS (arginyl-tRNA synthetase 1) interaction. In zebrafish, homozygous qars loss of function caused decreased brain and eye size and extensive cell death in the brain. Our results highlight the importance of QARS during brain development and that epilepsy due to impairment of QARS activity is unusually severe in comparison to other aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase disorders.
Published: 2014

46. Mutations in DOCK7 in individuals with epileptic encephalopathy and cortical blindness

Author: Elsa Rossignol, Isabelle Perrault, Rima Nabbout, Giulia Barcia, Marlène Rio, Jean-Michel Rozet, Josseline Kaplan, Nathalie Boddaert, Philippe P. Roux, Jose-Mario Capo-Chichi, Patrick Berquin, Guy A. Rouleau, Anne Lortie, Xavier Gérard, Michel Sylvain, Jacques L. Michaud, Jean-Claude Décarie, Bruno Maranda, Fadi F. Hamdan, and Arnold Munnich
Subjects: Proband, Male, Heterozygote, Epilepsies, Myoclonic, Genes, Recessive, Biology, Compound heterozygosity, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, symbols.namesake, Blindness, Cortical, Atrophy, Intellectual Disability, Report, medicine, Genetics, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Exome, Child, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, Epilepsy, Cortical blindness, GTPase-Activating Proteins, Homozygote, Infant, Sequence Analysis, DNA, medicine.disease, Hyperintensity, Pedigree, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Mutation, symbols, Female, Occipital lobe, Spasms, Infantile
Abstract: Epileptic encephalopathies are increasingly thought to be of genetic origin, although the exact etiology remains uncertain in many cases. We describe here three girls from two nonconsanguineous families affected by a clinical entity characterized by dysmorphic features, early-onset intractable epilepsy, intellectual disability, and cortical blindness. In individuals from each family, brain imaging also showed specific changes, including an abnormally marked pontobulbar sulcus and abnormal signals (T2 hyperintensities) and atrophy in the occipital lobe. Exome sequencing performed in the first family did not reveal any gene with rare homozygous variants shared by both affected siblings. It did, however, show one gene, DOCK7, with two rare heterozygous variants (c.2510delA [p.Asp837Alafs(∗)48] and c.3709CT [p.Arg1237(∗)]) found in both affected sisters. Exome sequencing performed in the proband of the second family also showed the presence of two rare heterozygous variants (c.983CG [p.Ser328(∗)] and c.6232GT [p.Glu2078(∗)]) in DOCK7. Sanger sequencing confirmed that all three individuals are compound heterozygotes for these truncating mutations in DOCK7. These mutations have not been observed in public SNP databases and are predicted to abolish domains critical for DOCK7 function. DOCK7 codes for a Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor that has been implicated in the genesis and polarization of newborn pyramidal neurons and in the morphological differentiation of GABAergic interneurons in the developing cortex. All together, these observations suggest that loss of DOCK7 function causes a syndromic form of epileptic encephalopathy by affecting multiple neuronal processes.
Published: 2014

47. Hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia syndrome revisited: longitudinal MRI findings in 10 children

Author: Francis Brunelle, Cyril Gitiaux, Christine Barnerias, Nicole Chemaly, Isabelle Desguerre, Nathalie Boddaert, Giulia Barcia, Rima Nabbout, Orietta Carmona, and Olivier Dulac
Subjects: Male, Time Factors, Hippocampus, Hemiplegia, Status epilepticus, Status Epilepticus, Developmental Neuroscience, Basal ganglia, medicine, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Stage (cooking), First episode, Neurologic Examination, medicine.diagnostic_test, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Brain, Infant, Magnetic resonance imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hyperintensity, nervous system diseases, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Anesthesia, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Anticonvulsants, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Psychology
Abstract: Aim Hemiconvulsion–hemiplegia syndrome (HHS) is a rare severe epilepsy of infancy consisting of unilateral convulsive status epilepticus immediately followed by transient or lasting ipsilateral hemiplegia. HHS may occur either in patients with previous brain pathology or without any identified cause, so-called ‘idiopathic HHS’. Method We retrospectively analysed clinical and MRI longitudinal findings of a series of 10 patients (six females, four males) presenting with HHS. Age at the study inclusion ranged from 2 years 6 months to 15 years (mean of 5y 10mo, median 4y 2mo). After defining magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features as ‘typical’, i.e. strictly unilateral involvement, and ‘atypical’, i.e. bilateral, we compared clinical data from both groups. Cognitive level was assessed using Brunet-Lezine or Wechsler scales. Results HHS occurred at a mean age of 20.5 months (range 8–48mo). In all cases, status epilepticus lasted for more than 1 hour and was characterised by unilateral clonic seizures followed by ipsilateral hemiplegia (persistent in five patients). Two patients in this series died: the first from multi-organ failure 2 weeks after the status epilepticus and the other from a second episode of ipsilateral intractable febrile status epilepticus 3 years after the first episode. Early MRI (days 1–7 from status epilepticus) showed hemispheric cytotoxic oedema in all, extending to the contralateral side for one. T2 hyperintensity in the basal ganglia was disclosed in 70% of patients and in the hippocampus in 60%. After 1 month (in intermediate and chronic phases), all surviving patients but one showed hemispheric cortical atrophy corresponding to the regions involved during the early stage. Comparing clinical features of patients presenting with ‘typical’ features, to those with ‘atypical’ findings, the second group presented psychomotor delay before status epilepticus. Interpretation This series underlines the major value of early MRI for the prompt diagnosis of HHS, and shows that involvement of subcortical structures has been underestimated. Hippocampal involvement is not constant.
Published: 2013

48. Early epileptic encephalopathies associated with STXBP1 mutations: Could we better delineate the phenotype?

Author: Rima Nabbout, Mathieu Milh, Isabelle Desguerre, Giulia Barcia, Christine Barnerias, Nicole Chemaly, Patrick Van Bogaert, Anna Kaminska, Stéphanie Gobin, Valerie Cormier, Nathalie Boddaert, and Olivier Dulac
Subjects: Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, DNA Mutational Analysis, Biology, Syntaxin binding, Corpus Callosum, Epilepsy, Munc18 Proteins, Genetics, medicine, STXBP1, Humans, In patient, Genetics (clinical), Genetic Association Studies, Genetic testing, medicine.diagnostic_test, Infant, Newborn, Infant, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Hypoplasia, Frontal Lobe, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Female, Spasms, Infantile, Non syndromic
Abstract: STXBP1 (MUNC18.1), encoding syntaxin binding protein 1, is a gene causing epileptic encephalopathy. Mutations in STXBP1 have first been reported in early onset epileptic encephalopathy with suppression-bursts, then in infantile spasms and, more recently, in patients with non syndromic mental retardation without epilepsy. We analyzed clinical evolution and brain magnetic resonance imaging in 7 patients (6 females, 1 male) with early onset epileptic encephalopathies associated with STXBP1 mutations. We documented a peculiar brain MRI aspect characterized by frontal hypoplasia and a thin and dysmorphic corpus callosum. The course of the epilepsy was relatively benign. These clinical and neuroradiological features could orient the clinician in selecting patients' candidate to genetic testing for STXBP1 gene.
Published: 2011

49. Status epilepticus as a main manifestation of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome after pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Author: Duccio Maria Cordelli, Emilio Franzoni, Andrea Pession, Bruno De Bernardi, Valentina Gentile, Arcangelo Prete, Carlotta Biagi, Riccardo Masetti, Giulia Barcia, Cordelli DM, Masetti R, Bernardi B, Barcia G, Gentile V, Biagi C, Prete A, Pession A, and Franzoni E
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Neurological examination, Nystagmus, Status epilepticus, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Electroencephalography, Status Epilepticus, medicine, Humans, Child, Neurotoxicity of therapy, Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, Status epilepticus, Retrospective Studies, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Infant, Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, Retrospective cohort study, Hematology, medicine.disease, Oncology, Anesthesia, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome, medicine.symptom, business, Eeg monitoring
Abstract: Background Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a severe neurological complication after pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Seizures are a common manifestation of PRES. Status epilepticus (SE) is a potentially life-threatening event rarely described in this condition. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and electroencephalographic features of SE as a manifestation of PRES in children after allo-HSCT. Procedure We retrospectively identified episodes of SE as a consequence of PRES out of 211 children who received allo-HSCT in the period January 2000 to June 2008. Results PRES was diagnosed in 11 patients. We identified 12 episodes of SE associated to PRES in 10 patients. Nonconvulsive SE (NCSE) involving posterior regions of the brain (confirmed by EEG monitoring) was observed in four cases; convulsive SE (CSE) was observed in eight cases. Gaze deviation, oculoclonic movements, nystagmus, and altered mental status were the main clinical signs during NCSE and preceded CSE in 5/8 cases. Most patients needed intensive care management. A complete normalization of neurological examination and EEG pattern was observed in all patients after SE and withdrawal of causative agent. Follow-up MRI showed complete resolution of brain edema in all patients. Conclusions Our experience shows that SE is more frequent than previously reported and is often the main manifestation of PRES after pediatric allo-HSCT. Looking for suggestive clinical signs as well as routine use of EEG monitoring may allow prompt recognition of SE and therapy of both SE and PRES. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 785–790. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Published: 2011

50. Autism and coeliac disease

Author: Margherita Santucci, Giulia Barcia, Annio Posar, Antonia Parmeggiani, G. Barcia, A. Posar, M. Santucci, and A. Parmeggiani
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Public health, Comorbidity, medicine.disease, Coeliac disease, Celiac Disease, Asperger syndrome, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Child, Preschool, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Autism, Humans, Mass Screening, Female, Asperger Syndrome, Autistic Disorder, Psychiatry, Psychology, Child, Mass screening
Published: 2007

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