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Gangrenous cholecystitis is a kind of acute cholecystitis, whose course of disease progresses rapidly, early diagnosis is difficult and mortality is high, and clinicians are prone to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis in clinical work.However, gangrenous cholecystitis has been ignored in various guidelines.This paper systematically summarized the pathogenesis, pathological manifestations, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis and treatment of gangrenous cholecystitis, hoping to provide a complete and clear diagnosis and treatment process for clinicians.坏疽性胆囊炎是急性胆囊炎的一种，其病程进展迅速、早期诊断困难、病死率高，临床医师在工作中极易出现漏诊、误诊。然而在各类指南中，坏疽性胆囊炎多未被重视。本文对坏疽性胆囊炎的发病机制、病理学表现、流行病学、临床诊断及治疗方式进行了系统性归纳整理，希望为临床医师提供一个完整清晰的诊治流程。.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and hip arthrodesis (HA) in treating coxotuberculosis.40 patients with coxotuberculosis treated in the Orthopedic Department in our hospital from February 2011 to February 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Comparison of total curative effect between THA and HA in treating coxotuberculosis was analyzed. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Harris hip function score (HHS), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein, postoperative hip pain time (PHPT), postoperative start walking time(PSWT), postoperative start weight bearing time(PSWBT) and postoperative complications were observed and compared.All patients successfully underwent successful THA or HA without major complications. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage volume in patients who underwent HA were better than those of patients who underwent THA (p0.001, p=0.010, p0.001, respectively). During the postoperative evaluation, VAS, HHS, ESR, CRP in patients who underwent THA were better than those of patients who underwent HA, and the differences were statistically significant. About the recovery, PHPT, PSWT, PSWBT in patients who underwent THA were shorter than those in patients who underwent HA (p=0.021, p=0.044, p0.001, respectively). There was no fracture, infection, dislocation, neurological or vascular complications in THA group. No patient had subsidence, loosening or heterotopic ossification. 1 patient in HA group had a fracture of the steel plate, and 1 patient had delayed union in HA group.THA is an effective treatment for advanced tuberculous arthritis. THA is superior to HA in the treatment of coxotuberculosis.

Conservative operation and postoperative chemotherapy were given to 15 patients with malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary with the preservation of fertility and ovarian functions. Four patients, one with endodermal sinus tumor and three immature teratoma, had full term deliveries after the operation. The possibility was discussed to preserve young women's fertility and ovarian function in treating their malignant germ cell tumors.

Sanitary standard of aluminium in drinking water is not formulated in China. In this paper safe maximal dose of aluminium in drinking water was studied, using acute and chronic toxicological experiments, cytogenetic toxicological assays and sensation threshold tests of AlCl3 and Al3(SO4)3. Considering with available epidemiological information, a preliminary sanitary standard of aluminium in drinking water 0.2 mg/L is recommended.

Both harringtonine (Harr) and Ara-C are effective for treatment of ANLL. Since it was suggested that Harr could induce leukemic cells to differentiate and Ara-C might be a weak inducer of leukemic cell differentiation, we investigated the effect of Harr in combination with Ara-C on inducing differentiation of leukemic cells. Ten patients with ANLL were treated with low dose Harr in combination with low dose Ara-C. Complete remission was achieved in 8 of the 10 patients. After therapy, severe pancytopenia and moderate myelosuppression occurred in two patients who achieved remission. Four patients demonstrated a decrease in blast cells with an associated transient increase in mature granulocytes during therapy. Auer bodies appeared in 7-8% mature granulocytes in peripheral blood and in bone marrow on the 14th day of combination therapy in one patient. Freshly isolated leukemic cells from six pretreatment patients were cultured in liquid in the presence of Harr in combination with Ara-C. Apparent evidence of differentiation of leukemic cells and Auer bodies in the cytoplasm of mature granulocytic cells were observed in two of the six patients. The above results seem to suggest that the therapeutic effect of low dose Harr plus low dose Ara-C may result from both differentiation induction and cytotoxicity of the leukemic cells.