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We examined the association between rsFC and local neurotransmitter levels in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC) and the anterior mid-cingulate cortex (aMCC) by varying rsFC-strengths at the whole-brain level. Our results showed region-dependent directionality of associations in the investigated ACC subdivisions.Reproducible resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) patterns and their alterations play an increasing role in neuropsychiatric research. Studies that limit the analysis of metabolites and rsFC strengths to a predefined canonical network suggest that the rsFC strength positively correlates with the local glutamate (Glu) levels and negatively correlates with the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels. The contribution of regional neurotransmitter activity to rsFC strengths from a given seed to the whole-brain remains unclear. In this study, 121 healthy participants (50 female/71 male) underwent multimodal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 7 T, allowing for acquisition of multiple, neuroanatomically well-defined MRS voxels in the same session. We examined the association between rsFC and local neurotransmitter levels in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC) and the anterior mid-cingulate cortex (aMCC) by varying rsFC strengths at the whole-brain level. Our results showed that both glutamatergic and GABAergic edge weights (defined as the across-participants partial correlation coefficients between the local metabolite levels and the rsFC of the seed region to each target parcel) were positively correlated with the rsFC strengths in the pgACC and negatively correlated with the rsFC strengths in the aMCC. The region-dependent directionality of associations may indicate that region-specific microscale properties, such as neurotransmitter receptor architecture, modulate the interaction between brain regions at the macroscale level.

The synthesis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a complex process that involves the formation and resolution of unusual nucleic acid structures, such as RNA:DNA hybrids. However, little is known about the enzymes that regulate these processes. RECQ4 is a DNA replication factor important for mtDNA maintenance, and here, we unveil a role of human RECQ4 in regulating the formation and resolution of mitochondrial RNA:DNA hybrids. Mitochondrial membrane protein p32 can block mtDNA synthesis by restricting RECQ4 mitochondrial localization via protein–protein interaction. We found that the interaction with p32 was disrupted not only by the previously reported cancer-associated RECQ4 mutation, del(A420-A463), but also by a clinical mutation of the adjacent residue, P466L. Surprisingly, although P466L mutant was present in the mitochondria at greater levels, unlike del(A420-A463) mutant, it failed to enhance mtDNA synthesis due to the accumulation of RNA:DNA hybrids throughout the mtDNA. Biochemical analysis revealed that P466L mutation enhanced RECQ4 annealing activity to generate RNA:DNA hybrids at the same time reduced its unwinding activity to resolve this structure. Hence, P466L mutation led to a reduced efficiency in completing mtDNA synthesis due to unresolved RNA:DNA hybrids across mtDNA.

Background The objective of our study was to develop and validate nomograms to predict the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) of the stomach. Methods Data were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. A total of 1781 patients were randomly allocated to a training set (n = 1335) and a validation set (n = 446). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the prognostic effect of variables. Nomograms were developed to estimate OS and CSS and assessed using the concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and decision curve analyses (DCA). DCA was utilized to compare the nomograms and the Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) staging system. Results Age, race, tumor size, T, N, M stage, and use of surgery and/or radiotherapy were included in the nomograms. C-indexes for OS and CSS were 0.74 and 0.75 in the training set, respectively. C-indexes for OS and CSS were 0.76 and 0.76 in the validation set. Calibration plots and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed good predictive accuracy. According to the decision curve analyses (DCA), the new model was more useful than the TNM staging system. Conclusions We developed nomograms to predict OS and CSS in patients with SRCC of the stomach. Nomograms may be a valuable clinical supplement of the conventional TNM staging system.

Ethnopharmacological relevance Forsythiae Fructus (called Lianqiao in Chinese), the fruit of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, is utilized as a common traditional medicine in China, Japan and Korea. It is traditionally used to treat pyrexia, inflammation, gonorrhea, carbuncle and erysipelas. Depending on the different harvest time, Forsythiae Fructus can be classified into two forms, namely Qingqiao and Laoqiao. The greenish fruits that start to ripen are collected as Qingqiao, while the yellow fruits that are fully ripe are collected as Laoqiao. Both are applied to medical use. This review aims to provide a systematic summary of F. suspensa (Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl) and to reveal the correlation between the traditional uses and pharmacological activities so as to offer inspiration for future research. Materials and methods All corresponding information about F. suspensa was searched by Scifinder and obtained from scientific databases including Springer, Science Direct, Wiley, Pubmed and China Knowledge Resource Integrated (CNKI). Local dissertations and books were searched as well. Results According to classical Chinese herbal texts and Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Forsythiae Fructus dominantly displays heat-clearing and detoxifying effects in TCM prescriptions. In modern research, more than 230 compounds were separated and identified from F. suspensa. 211 Of them were isolated from fruits. Lignans and phenylethanoid glycosides are considered as the characteristic and active constituents of this herb, such as forsythiaside, phillyrin, rutin and phillygenin. They exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-virus, anti-cancer and anti-allergy effects, etc. Currently, there is no report on the toxicity of Forsythiae Fructus, despite slight toxicity of forsythiaside reported in local publications. Compared to Laoqiao, Qingqiao contains higher levels of forsythiaside, forsythoside C, cornoside, rutin, phillyrin, gallic acid and chlorogenic acid and lower levels of rengyol, β-glucose and S-suspensaside methyl ether. Conclusion Heat-clearing actions of Forsythiae Fructus are based on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of lignans and phenylethanoid glycosides. Detoxifying effects attribute to the antibacterial, antiviral and anti-cancer activities of Forsythiae Fructus. And traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) characteristics of Forsythiae Fructus (bitter flavor, slightly cold nature and lung meridian) supported its strong anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, the remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities of Forsythiae Fructus contribute to its anti-cancer and neuroprotective activities. The higher proportion of lignans and phenylethanoid glycosides in Qingqiao than Laoqiao might explain the better antioxidant ability of Qingqiao and more frequent uses of Qingqiao in TCM prescriptions. For future research, more in vivo experiments and clinical studies are encouraged to further clarify the relation between traditional uses and modern applications. Regarding to Qingqiao and Laoqiao, they remain to be differentiated by all-round quality control methods, and the chemical compositions and clinical effects between them should be compared.

Ethnopharmacological relevance Ranunculus japonicus Thunb. (short for R. japonicus) is a topically applied herb with the activities of removing jaundice, nebula and edema, preventing malaria, stopping asthma, promoting diuresis and relieving pain. It was firstly recorded in Zhouhou Beiji Fang and has been used for the treatment of malaria, ulcers, carbuncle, jaundice, migraine, stomachache, toothache and arthritis for over 1800 years. Aim of the study This study aimed to uncover the potentially effective components of R. japonicus and the pharmacological mechanisms against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by combing LC-MS and network pharmacology. Materials and methods Firstly, the chemical constituents of R. japonicus were qualitatively identified by UPLC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap MS. Then we performed target prediction by PharmMapper, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis via String, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis by DAVID and constructed the compound-target-pathway network using Cytoscape. Thirdly, crucial compounds in the network were quantitatively analyzed to achieve quality control of R. japonicus. Finally, the pharmacological activities of R. japonicus and two potentially bioactive ingredients were validated in RA-FLSs (Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes) in vitro. Results Overall fifty-four ingredients of R. japonicus were identified and forty-five components were firstly discovered in R. japonicus. Among them, twenty-seven validated compounds were predicted to act on twenty-five RA-related targets and they might exhibit therapeutic effects against RA via positive regulation of cell migration, etc. Nine potentially bioactive components of R. japonicus which played important roles in the compound-target-pathway network were simultaneously quantified by an optimized UPLC-ESI-Triple Quad method. In vitro, compared to control group, R. japonicus extract, berberine and yangonin significantly inhibited the migration capacity of RA-FLSs after 24 h treatment. Conclusion This study clarified that R. japonicus and the bioactive ingredients berberine and yangonin might exert therapeutic actions for RA via suppressing the aggressive phenotypes of RA-FLSs through combined LC-MS technology and network pharmacology tools for the first time. The present research provided deeper understanding into the chemical profiling, pharmacological activities and quality control of R. japonicus and offered reference for further scientific research and clinical use of R. japonicus in treating RA.

Background: Recent clinical trials have shown that adjunctive glucocorticoids is associated with inhibiting excessive inflammatory response and modulating cytokines release offering several advantages over conventional therapy on relieving clinical symptoms, reducing mortality, and improving prognosis. However, given the severe complications triggered by glucocorticosteroid, whether similar benefits may be achieved by patients undergoing glucocorticosteroid intervention remains controversial. Our meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of adjunctive glucocorticoids in the treatment of severe community acquired pneumonia. Methods: A search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, EBASO, Medline, Google Scholar, Science Dicet, CBM, and CNKI databases was performed to analyze all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of corticosteroids in patients with severe community acquired pneumonia (CAP) up to January 2018. All-cause mortality, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, incidence of septic shock, and requirement of mechanical ventilation were selected as efficacy outcomes. Major adverse events involving super infection, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and hyperglycemia were safety outcomes. Meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.3 software. Results: A total of 10 RCTs comprising 665 patients were included for analysis. Regarding efficacy outcomes, adjunctive corticosteroid seemed to be superior compared with conventional treatment in terms of all-cause mortality (relative risk [RR]: 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3–0.74, P = .001), CRP level on day 8 after administration (standard mean difference [SMD]: −0.8, 95% CI, −1.11 to −0.5, P 5 days) (RR: 0.35, 95% CI, 0.15–0.81, P = .01) use of corticosteroids in dosage modus of a maintenance dose after a bolus (RR: 0.28, 95% CI, 0.14–0.55, P = .002) obtained better results in death through subgroup analysis. Regarding safety outcomes, no difference was observed between 2 groups in terms of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (OR: 0.83, 95% CI, 0.27–2.52, P = .74), hyperglycemia (OR: 1.3, 95% CI, 0.68–2.49, P = .42), and super infection (OR: 1.11, 95% CI, 0.14–9.13, P = .92). Conclusion: Adjunctive corticosteroid yielded favorable outcomes in the treatment of severe community acquired pneumonia (SCAP) as evidenced by decreased all-cause mortality, incidence of septic shock, and requirement for mechanical ventilation without increasing risk of adverse events. Low dose (≤86 mg/d), prolonged use (>5 days) of corticosteroid in dosage modus of a maintenance dose after a bolus can be recommended as preferred regimen to guard against SCAP.

Background Euphorbia kansui is effective in treating various diseases, such as ascites and edema, but its liver toxicity is a major obstacle in its wide use in the clinic. However, further investigations have suggested that Euphorbia kansui can cause liver injury. Hypothesis The study aims to investigate the effect of Euphorbia kansui exposure on zebrafish, and explain the underlying toxicity mechanisms from a comprehensive perspective. Study design The 4dpf zebrafish larvae were exposed to Euphorbia kansui at a sub-lethal concentration. Methods We evaluated the effect of Euphorbia kansui on the ultrastructure and function of the liver, apoptosis of liver cells by PCR and western blot, and metabolic profile by GC-MS based on sub-lethal concentrations. Results Our results suggested Euphorbia kansui could lead to liver injury and significant alteration of the metabolomics of the zebrafish larvae in sub-lethal concentration conditions. It could also induce alterations in liver microstructure, hepatic function, gene expression and protein associated with the apoptosis process, as well as endogenous metabolism. KEGG pathway analysis identified some biological processes on the basis of different metabolisms and their associated processes especially for amino acid metabolism. Conclusion The results bring us closer to an in-depth understanding of the toxic effects of Euphorbia kansui on zebrafish liver, which will be significantly helpful in effectively guiding safer clinical application of this herb in the clinic. Furthermore, our results also showed the zebrafish model is reliable for evaluation of Euphorbia kansui extract hepatotoxicity and as a methodological reference for the evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine with underlying liver toxicity.

RIG-I plays important roles in pathogen sensing and activation of antiviral innate immune responses in response to RNA viruses. RIG-I-mediated signaling must be precisely controlled to maintain innate immune signaling homeostasis. Previous studies demonstrated that lysine 63 (K63)-linked polyubiquitination of RIG-I is vital for its activation, but the mechanisms through which RIG-I is deubiquitinated to control innate immune responses are not well understood. Here we identified USP27X as a negative regulator of antiviral signaling in response to RNA viruses through siRNA library screening. Further functional studies indicated that USP27X negatively modulated RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling in a deubiquitinase-dependent manner. Mechanistically, we found that USP27X removed K63-linked polyubiquitin chains from RIG-I to negatively modulate type I interferon signaling. Collectively, these studies uncover a novel negative regulatory role of USP27X in targeting RIG-I to balance innate immune responses., Author summary Innate antiviral immunity provides the first line of the host defense system that rapidly detects invading virus through pattern recognition receptors, and subsequently inducing type I interferon production. Protein ubiquitination/deubiquitination play important roles in antiviral signaling, however how the dynamic regulation of ubiquitin modification controls innate immune signaling against RNA virus infection remains unclear. In this study, we screened E3 ligases and deubiquitinases (DUBs) using a siRNA library, and identified USP27X, a DUB, as a negative regulator of antiviral signaling in response to RNA virus infection. Moreover, we employed knockdown and knockout of USP27X various cell lines to perform functional analyses, and found that USP27X suppressed RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling in a DUB activity-dependent manner. Mechanistically, we found that USP27X removed K63-linked polyubiquitin chains from RIG-I to negatively modulate type I IFN signaling. Collectively, our study reveals that in addition to removing K48-linked polyubiquitin chains, USP27X can target RIG-I for removing the K63-linked polyubiquitin chains, thereby balancing antiviral signaling to avoid deleterious effects on host cells.

Chronic neuroinflammation is a characteristic of Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous investigations have shown that Parkin gene mutations are related to the early-onset recessive form of PD and isolated juvenile-onset PD. Further, Parkin plays important roles in mitochondrial quality control and cytokine-induced cell death. However, whether Parkin regulates other cellular events is still largely unknown. In this study, we performed overexpression and knockout experiments and found that Parkin negatively regulates antiviral immune responses against RNA and DNA viruses. Mechanistically, we show that Parkin interacts with tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) to regulate stability of TRAF3 protein by promoting Lys(48)-linked ubiquitination. Our findings suggest that Parkin plays a novel role in innate immune signaling by targeting TRAF3 for degradation and maintaining the balance of innate antiviral immunity.

Psychophysiological interaction (PPI) is a widely used regression-based method to study connectivity changes in different experimental conditions. A PPI effect is generated by point-by-point multiplication of a psychological variable (experimental design) and a physiological variable (time series of a seed region). If the psychological variable is non-centered with a constant component, the constant component will add a physiological variable to the PPI term. The physiological component would in theory be accounted for by the physiological main effect in the model. But due to imperfect deconvolution and convolution with hemodynamic response function, the physiological component in PPI may no longer be exactly the same as the physiological main effect. This issue was illustrated by analyzing two block-designed fMRI datasets, one simple visual checkerboard task and a set of different tasks designed to activate different hemispheres. When PPI was calculated with deconvolution but without centering, significant results were usually observed between regions that are known to have baseline functional connectivity. These results could be suppressed by simply centering the psychological variable when calculating the PPI term or adding a deconvolve-reconvolved version of the physiological covariate. The PPI results with centering and with deconvolve-reconvolved physiological covariate are consistent with an explicit test for differences in coupling between conditions. It was, therefore, suggested that centering of the psychological variable or the addition of a deconvolve-reconvolved covariate is necessary for PPI analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1723-1740, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

To investigate the concentration of IL-35 in serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and the correlation between IL-35 and periodontal clinical parameters, and explore the possible role of IL-35 in chronic periodontitis (CP).Twenty patients with moderate or severe chronic periodontitis were selected as experimental group and 20 healthy people were included as control group. The patients' baseline information, probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded. Their serum and GCF were collected and then the concentration of IL-35 in GCF and serum were detected by ELISA. SPSS19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.The concentration of IL-35 in GCF and serum of chronic periodontitis were significantly higher than the control group (P0.001). There was significant negative correlation between IL-35 and clinical parameters.Chronic periodontitis may increase the concentration of IL-35 in serum and GCF; IL-35 level is negatively correlated with periodontitis.

To establish mice model with periodontitis by oral infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis, simulating human periodontal disease. The immune status of youth and aged mice were compared, and the cytokines expression of regulatory T cells and Th17 cells in this model were analyzed.Entity microscope was used to evaluate the extent of periodontal bone resorption. H-E staining was used to observe infiltration of inflammatory cells in periodontal lesions. TRAP staining was used to observe osteoclastes in alveolar bone. The expression levels of TGF-β1, IL-10, IL-17A and RANKL mRNA in periodontal tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. SPSS 17.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.At 4-week after infection, the distance of cemento-enamel junction to the alveolar crest was significantly increased in the periodontal disease group compared with the normal control group (P0.01); In the aged mice, the cemento-enamel junction to the alveolar crest distance significantly increased compared with youth mice (P0.01). Periodontal tissues had inflammatory cell infiltration, and deep periodontal pockets. Moreover, the expression levels of TGF-β1 and IL-10 mRNA were significantly decreased (P0.01) and the expression levels of IL-17A, RANKL mRNA qsignificantly increased (P0.01).The expression of inflammation mediator is abnormal in aged mice with more serious periodontal lesions than youth mice. It is suggested that the inflammatory status of periodontitis not only has a relationship with the decreased expression of inhibitory cytokines, but also relates to aging.

To develop a dressing with desired antibacterial activity, good water maintaining ability and mechanical properties for wound healing and skin regeneration.The chitosan with different concentrations were added in keratin solution to form porous keratin/chitosan (KCS) scaffolds. The morphological characteristics, chemical composition, wettability, porosity, swelling ratio and degradation of the scaffolds were evaluated. The antibacterial activity was tested by using S. aureus and E. coli suspension for 2 h. And L929 fibroblast cells culture was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the KCS scaffolds.The adding of chitosan could increase the hydrophobicity, decrease porosity, swelling ratio and degradation rate of the KCS porous scaffolds. Mechanical properties of KCS scaffolds could be enhanced and well adjusted by chitosan. KCS scaffolds could obviously decrease bacteria number. The proliferation of fibroblast cells in porous KCS patch increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of chitosan concentration. It was appropriate to add 400 μg/mL chitosan to form porous KCS scaffold for achieving best cell attachment and proliferation compared with other samples.The porous KCS scaffold may be used as implanted scaffold materials for promoting wound healing and skin regeneration.

To investigate the changes of IL-27 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) before and after treatment with different methods for chronic periodontitis.Sixty patients with moderate or severe chronic periodontitis were selected as study group to divide into group A (cross-quadrant) and group B (upper and lower half-mouth) randomly. Another 30 healthy people were selected as group C. Gingival crevicular fluid of group A and B were collected at baseline and each week during treatment. At the same time, the clinical parameters including PD, AL, BI and PLI were recorded. And the levels of IL-27 in GCF were measured by ELISA. SPSS 17.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.The levels of IL-27 in GCF 2 and 3 weeks after treatment were higher in study group compared with those at baseline, while PD, AL, BI and PLI showed significant reduction. The changes except PLI in group A was more obvious than group B, which had a significant difference. After three-week treatment, IL-27 in group A had no remarkable difference compared with group C. There were significantly negative correlation between PD, AL, BI, PLI and IL-27.IL-27 in GCF can be considered as a potential target for prevention and treatment of chronic periodontitis. Compared with the upper and lower half-mouth subgingival scaling, cross-quadrant has more pronounced short-term effect.

To study the potentiality of osteanagenesis of the hematomas formed around the fractures and that of the marrow stroma cells, evaluate the effect of the combined trans-plantation of the hematoma and the marrow stroma cells, to explore a new method to accelerate the union of fracture.The bone defect models were made on the tibias of the New-Zealand's rabbits. The hematomas formed around the fracture were taken out 3 days latter after the operation, the marrow stroma cells were abstracted from the femoral marrow simultaneously. And then the mixture of the hematoma and the marrow stroma cells were transplanted to the defects of the tibias in the experiment group, and the hematoma transplanted simply to the same place in the control group. The radio-graph and the histological observation of the osteotylus were carried out regularly post-operation.1) There was a significant difference in osteotylus quantity between the two groups: more osteotylus and obvious periosteal proliferation were found in the experiment group than that in the control group which accepted the transplantation of the hematomas alone. 2) There was a significant difference in osteoblast number between the two groups: more sclerotomal-like cells were observed under the microscope in the experiment group than that in the control group.Marrow stroma cells have great potentiality of osteoanagenesis. The result of combined transplantation of the marrow stroma cells and the hematomas is more effective than that of simple transplantation of the bone hematoma.

To analyze the incidence and time trends of esophageal and gastric cancers in Linzhou city bassed on the data of Linxian Tumor Registry, and to provide valid reference data for research and effective estimation of cancer control in this area.All incidence records for the both cancers during 1988-2003 were drawn from Linzhou Tumor Registry and grouped by sex, age, year and then linked to corresponding population data. The incidence rates of those two topographic site cancers were calculated and the age-adjusted rates were calculated by direct standardization to the world population. A joinpoint model was used to get the annual percentage change (APC) of the age-adjusted rates, and to estimate the epidemiological trends of both cancers in population of Linzhou city.In the year 2003 the age-adjusted incidence rates of esophageal and gastric cancers were 81.78 per 100 000 and 77.08 per 100 000, respectively, in the population of Linzhou city. The incidence rate of both cancers showed a decreasing trend from 1988 to 2003. The APC of the incidence rates of esophageal cancer was - 2.6% and that of gastric cancer was - 1.8%, and both indexes were statistically significant (P0.05).The incidence rates of esophageal and gastric cancers have presented a decreasing trends in the population of Linzhou city. This trend will continue along with the development of social economy, elevation of living standard and improvement in living habit and environment.

To probe into the clinical features and the rescue of pneumoconiosis with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).26 patients with pneumoconiosis and PTE, male 16, female 10, were collected from June 2002 to June 2006 and 42 patients only with pneumoconiosis served as control. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), thrombomodulin (TM), plasma protein S, C (Ps, Pc), homocysteine (Hcy) were measured by the methods of ILISA, and antithrombin (AT-III) by chromo substrate method before and after the treatment of heparin.The average age of patients with pneumoconiosis and PTE was 66.0 +/- 11.9 years old. The number of patients with pneumoconiosis of degree 1, 2, 3 was 3, 16 and 7 respectively. After anticoagulant therapy of heparin, 23 were well improved, and 3 died of acute respiratory failure. Dyspnea, chest pain, hemoptysis, syncope were the conspicuous symptoms. The levels of D-Dimer (0.63 +/- 0.14 mg/L), TM (5.02 +/- 1.24 microg/L) were significantly higher than those of the control (P0.05), and significantly lower again after the treatment (P0.05). The level of AT-III (96.68 +/- 7.23%) was significantly lower than that of the control, and higher again after the treatment (P0.05).PTE is often developed in the elder patients with high degree of pneumoconiosis (or = 2 degree). Clinical features are complicated and non-specific, with the high negative ratio of D-Dimer (7/26), high mortality and high complications of anticoagulant therapy.

To investigate the etiology and characteristics of rescue of acute chemical poisoning.A total of 1692 cases of acute chemical poisoning were analyzed retrospectively. The kinds of chemicals, the modes of exposure, the characteristics of poisoning and the methods of treatment were analyzed.Poisoning was due to occupational exposure to chemicals in 44.91%, daily life exposure to chemicals in 38.82% and environment chemical pollution in 16.25% of the cases. The total number of chemicals harming the patients was 173. The most common three of the chemicals were pesticides, harmful gases and organic solvents. Recently, the accidents of mass poisoning were increasing in number.To know the numerous chemicals responsible for acute chemical poisoning is essential for enhancing the pre-hospital care, emergency treatment and follow-up treatment. Further more, extensive clinical knowledge and numerous biologic laboratory tests are need to improve the diagnosis and rescue of acute chemical poisoning. In cases of chemical emergency that involves mass exposure, the majority of the affected persons are likely to be exposed to the poisoning chemicals, though some are exposed minimally. Moreover, resources to provide psychological support must be available both for the family member of casualties and the affected personnel.

AIM: To estimate the mortality rates of gastroenterologic cancers for the period between 1974 and 1999, in Henan Province, China and its epidemiologic features. METHODS: Information on death of patients with cancer was provided by the county-city registries. Population data were provided by the local police bureau. All the deaths of cancer registered were classified according to the three-digit rubric of the ICD-9. Cancer mortality rates reported herein were age-adjusted, using the world population as standard and weighted piecewise linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Total cancer age-adjusted mortality rates were 195.91 per 100000 for males and 124.36 per 100000 for females between 1996 and 1998. During the period of 1974-1999, a remarkable decrease took place in esophageal carcinoma, stomach cancer remained essentially stable and liver cancer, a moderate increase. Colorectal cancer was slightly increased over the last two decades. CONCLUSION: The population-based cancer registry can give an accurate picture of cancer in Henan Province, by providing a set of analyses of selected cancer mortality data as a source of reference for researchers in cancer, public health and health care services.