Author: "Alain Verloes" / Topic: humans - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. De novo <scp> NUF2 </scp> variant in a novel inherited bone marrow failure syndrome including microcephaly and renal hypoplasia

Author: Yoann Vial, Elodie Lainey, Thierry Leblanc, Véronique Baudouin, Marie Emilie Dourthe, Pierre Gressens, Alain Verloes, Hélène Cavé, and Séverine Drunat
Subjects: Fanconi Anemia, Microcephaly, Humans, Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes, Cell Cycle Proteins, Hematology
Abstract: In a patient with severe microcephaly, congenital bone marrow failure, growth retardation, and renal hypoplasia, we identified a likely pathogenic variant in NUF2 that impairs the cell's ability to properly complete mitosis. Interestingly, these clinical features as well as the observed cellular alterations are highly reminiscent of what is reported in Fanconi Anaemia supporting a unifying causal role of the variant in the disease. This case provides the first evidence that a kinetochore defect, previously associated with microcephaly, can be responsible for an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome, highlighting the unique pathological link between neurogenesis and haematopoiesis.
Published: 2022
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2. CBP-HSF2 structural and functional interplay in Rubinstein-Taybi neurodevelopmental disorder

Author: Aurélie de Thonel, Johanna K. Ahlskog, Kevin Daupin, Véronique Dubreuil, Jérémy Berthelet, Carole Chaput, Geoffrey Pires, Camille Leonetti, Ryma Abane, Lluís Cordón Barris, Isabelle Leray, Anna L. Aalto, Sarah Naceri, Marine Cordonnier, Carène Benasolo, Matthieu Sanial, Agathe Duchateau, Anniina Vihervaara, Mikael C. Puustinen, Federico Miozzo, Patricia Fergelot, Élise Lebigot, Alain Verloes, Pierre Gressens, Didier Lacombe, Jessica Gobbo, Carmen Garrido, Sandy D. Westerheide, Laurent David, Michel Petitjean, Olivier Taboureau, Fernando Rodrigues-Lima, Sandrine Passemard, Délara Sabéran-Djoneidi, Laurent Nguyen, Madeline Lancaster, Lea Sistonen, and Valérie Mezger
Subjects: Histones, Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome, Multidisciplinary, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Mutation, Humans, General Physics and Astronomy, General Chemistry, CREB-Binding Protein, E1A-Associated p300 Protein, Heat-Shock Proteins, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Transcription Factors
Abstract: Patients carrying autosomal dominant mutations in the histone/lysine acetyl transferases CBP or EP300 develop a neurodevelopmental disorder: Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS). The biological pathways underlying these neurodevelopmental defects remain elusive. Here, we unravel the contribution of a stress-responsive pathway to RSTS. We characterize the structural and functional interaction between CBP/EP300 and heat-shock factor 2 (HSF2), a tuner of brain cortical development and major player in prenatal stress responses in the neocortex: CBP/EP300 acetylates HSF2, leading to the stabilization of the HSF2 protein. Consequently, RSTS patient-derived primary cells show decreased levels of HSF2 and HSF2-dependent alteration in their repertoire of molecular chaperones and stress response. Moreover, we unravel a CBP/EP300-HSF2-N-cadherin cascade that is also active in neurodevelopmental contexts, and show that its deregulation disturbs neuroepithelial integrity in 2D and 3D organoid models of cerebral development, generated from RSTS patient-derived iPSC cells, providing a molecular reading key for this complex pathology.
Published: 2022
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3. Confirmation of FZD5 implication in a cohort of 50 patients with ocular coloboma

Author: Julie Pernin-Grandjean, Sébastien Marchasson, Marion Aubert-Mucca, Nicolas Chassaing, Sabine Sigaudy, Christophe Habib, Pierre Bitoun, Olivier Roche, Danièle Denis, Julie Plaisancié, Isabelle Meunier, Josseline Kaplan, V. Gaston, Alain Verloes, Patrick Calvas, and Damien Haye
Subjects: Adult, Adolescent, Receptors, Retinoic Acid, Ocular Coloboma, Bioinformatics, Microphthalmia, Article, TFAP2A, Gene Frequency, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Inheritance Patterns, Child, Eye Proteins, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Aged, Coloboma, Genetic heterogeneity, business.industry, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Frizzled Receptors, eye diseases, Transcription Factor AP-2, Child, Preschool, Cohort, sense organs, business, Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma
Abstract: Defects in optic fissure closure can lead to congenital ocular coloboma. This ocular malformation, often associated with microphthalmia, is described in various clinical forms with different inheritance patterns and genetic heterogeneity. In recent times, the identification of an increased number of genes involved in numerous cellular functions has led to a better understanding in optic fissure closure mechanisms. Nevertheless, most of these genes are also involved in wider eye growth defects such as micro-anophthalmia, questioning the mechanisms controlling both extension and severity of optic fissure closure defects. However, some genes, such as FZD5, have only been so far identified in isolated coloboma. Thus, to estimate the frequency of implication of different ocular genes, we screened a cohort of 50 patients affected by ocular coloboma by using targeted sequencing of 119 genes involved in ocular development. This analysis revealed seven heterozygous (likely) pathogenic variants in RARB, MAB21L2, RBP4, TFAP2A, and FZD5. Surprisingly, three out of the seven variants detected herein were novel disease-causing variants in FZD5 identified in three unrelated families with dominant inheritance. Although molecular diagnosis rate remains relatively low in patients with ocular coloboma (14% (7/50) in this work), these results, however, highlight the importance of genetic screening, especially of FZD5, in such patients. Indeed, in our series, FZD5 variants represent half of the genetic causes, constituting 6% (3/50) of the patients who benefited from a molecular diagnosis. Our findings support the involvement of FZD5 in ocular coloboma and provide clues for screening this gene during current diagnostic procedures.
Published: 2020
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4. Overlapping phenotypes between <scp>SHORT</scp> and Noonan syndromes in patients with <scp> PTPN11 </scp> pathogenic variants

Author: Charles Marques, Yline Capri, Anne Guimier, A. Micheil Innes, Jeanne Amiel, Martine Auclair, Julien Thevenon, David A. Dyment, Gilles Morin, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Corinne Vigouroux, Emmanuelle Ranza, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Alain Verloes, and Laurence Faivre
Subjects: Male, musculoskeletal diseases, 0301 basic medicine, MAPK/ERK pathway, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, Gene product, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, 03 medical and health sciences, Metabolic Diseases, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Missense mutation, skin and connective tissue diseases, Protein kinase B, Growth Disorders, Genetics (clinical), Genetic heterogeneity, Noonan Syndrome, Genetic Variation, medicine.disease, PTPN11, Nephrocalcinosis, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, SHORT syndrome, Hypercalcemia, Noonan syndrome, Female, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Signal Transduction
Abstract: Overlapping syndromes such as Noonan, Cardio-Facio-Cutaneous, Noonan syndrome (NS) with multiple lentigines and Costello syndromes are genetically heterogeneous conditions sharing a dysregulation of the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and are known collectively as the RASopathies. PTPN11 was the first disease-causing gene identified in NS and remains the more prevalent. We report seven patients from three families presenting heterozygous missense variants in PTPN11 probably responsible for a disease phenotype distinct from the classical Noonan syndrome. The clinical presentation and common features of these seven cases overlap with the SHORT syndrome. The latter is the consequence of PI3K/AKT signaling deregulation with the predominant disease-causing gene being PIK3R1. Our data suggest that the phenotypic spectrum associated with pathogenic variants of PTPN11 could be wider than previously described, and this could be due to the dual activity of SHP2 (ie, PTPN11 gene product) on the RAS/MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling.
Published: 2020
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5. Report of the first patient with a homozygous OTUD7A variant responsible for epileptic encephalopathy and related proteasome dysfunction

Author: Philippine Garret, Sana Mahmoudi, Blandine Dozières-Puyravel, Frédéric Ebstein, Geoffroy Delplancq, Karun K. Singh, Elke Krüger, Yannis Duffourd, Laurence Faivre, Jean-Marc Costa, Barbara A. Zieba, Antonio Vitobello, Detlef Trost, Aïcha Boughalem, Stéphane Auvin, Sandro Klafack, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Alain Verloes, and Laurence Duplomb
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Heterozygote, Candidate gene, alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor, Mutation, Missense, Chromosome Disorders, 030105 genetics & heredity, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, Seizures, Intellectual Disability, Exome Sequencing, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Missense mutation, Global developmental delay, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15, Deubiquitinating Enzymes, business.industry, Homozygote, Proteasome complex, medicine.disease, Penetrance, Hypotonia, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, Female, Chromosome Deletion, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Heterozygous microdeletions of chromosome 15q13.3 (MIM: 612001) show incomplete penetrance and are associated with a highly variable phenotype that may include intellectual disability, epilepsy, facial dysmorphism and digit anomalies. Rare patients carrying homozygous deletions show more severe phenotypes including epileptic encephalopathy, hypotonia and poor growth. For years, CHRNA7 (MIM: 118511), was considered the candidate gene that could account for this syndrome. However, recent studies in mouse models have shown that OTUD7A/CEZANNE2 (MIM: 612024), which encodes for an ovarian tumor (OTU) deubiquitinase, should be considered the critical gene responsible for brain dysfunction. In this study, a patient presenting with severe global developmental delay, language impairment and epileptic encephalopathy was referred to our genetics center. Trio exome sequencing (tES) analysis identified a homozygous OTUD7A missense variant (NM_130901.2:c.697C>T), predicted to alter an ultraconserved amino acid, p.(Leu233Phe), lying within the OTU catalytic domain. Its subsequent segregation analysis revealed that the parents, presenting with learning disability, and brother were heterozygous carriers. Biochemical assays demonstrated that proteasome complex formation and function were significantly reduced in patient-derived fibroblasts and in OTUD7A knockout HAP1 cell line. We provide evidence that biallelic pathogenic OTUD7A variation is linked to early-onset epileptic encephalopathy and proteasome dysfunction.
Published: 2020
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6. Biallelic THOC6 pathogenic variants: Prenatal phenotype and review of the literature

Author: Lyse Ruaud, Nathalie Roux, Lucile Boutaud, Bettina Bessières, Faustine Ageorges, Amale Achaiaa, Christine Bole, Patrick Nitschke, Cécile Masson, Michel Vekemans, Alain Verloes, and Tania Attie‐Bitach
Subjects: Male, Embryology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, RNA-Binding Proteins, Toxicology, Musculoskeletal Abnormalities, Phenotype, Pregnancy, Intellectual Disability, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Exome Sequencing, Microcephaly, Humans, Female, Lymphangioma, Cystic, Developmental Biology
Abstract: The THOC6 protein is a component of the THO complex. It is involved in mRNA transcription, processing and nuclear export. Interestingly molecular biallelic loss-of-function variants of the THOC6 gene were identified in the Beaulieu-Boycott-Innes syndrome (BBIS- OMIM # 613680). This condition was described in 17 patients and is characterized by a moderate to severe intellectual disability, facial dysmorphic features and severe birth defects such as heart, skeletal, ano-genital and renal congenital malformations.In the present study, we report on a new family with two affected sibs. The 6-year-old female had severe intellectual disability with autistic features, feeding difficulties, growth delay, facial dysmorphic, and congenital malformations (hand, skeletal and cardiac anomalies). The male fetus presented antenatally with a cystic hygroma associated with severe aortic and left ventricular hypoplasia. Autopsy, after termination of pregnancy at 15 weeks of gestation, showed facial dysmorphic, short right thumb and hypospadias.Exome sequencing detected in both sibs compound heterozygous variants of the THOC6 gene (NM_024339.3, GRCh37): the already reported c.[298TA;700GT;824GA] haplotype and a novel variant c.977TG, p.(Val326Gly).We made a review of the literature of 17 BBIS reported patients including our two siblings. Severe to moderate ID and congenital malformations were constant. Prenatal and postnatal failure to thrive were frequent. Brain MRI were not specific. Prenatal findings were reported in 40% of cases but we described the first case of cystic hygroma. The present study reports extends the prenatal delineation of the phenotypic features observed in association with the presence of THOC6 variants. In addition, it underscores the intrafamilial phenotypic variability observed in BBIS.
Published: 2022

7. Phenotypic spectrum and genomics of undiagnosed arthrogryposis multiplex congenital

Author: Ivo Gut, Sarah Grotto, Céline Bellesme, Arnold Munnich, Cyril Gitiaux, Jeanne Amiel, Chloé Quélin, Annie Laquerrière, Suonavy Khung, Hanitra Ranjatoelina-Randrianaivo, Luc Rigonnot, Christine Francannet, Loic Quevarec, Jérôme Bouligand, Fabienne Prieur, Alexandra Benachi, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Laurence Perrin, Judith Melki, Pierre-Simon Jouk, Flora Nolent, Tania Attié-Bitach, Delphine Héron, Marie-Line Jacquemont, Claire Beneteau, Fabien Guimiot, Laetitia Lambert, Sandra Mercier, Valérie Biancalana, Fanny Laffargue, Elise Boucher, Jean-Louis Bessereau, P. Landrieu, Annick Toutain, Alain Verloes, Alice Goldenberg, Philippe Latour, Dominique Martin-Coignard, Anne Guiochon-Mantel, Dan Mejlachowicz, Damien Sternberg, Haluk Topaloglu, Bruno Eymard, Géraldine Viot, Catherine Fallet-Bianco, Julien Saada, Isabelle Desguerre, Marie-Hélène Saint-Frison, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Sophie Blesson, Radka Stoeva, Alexandre J. Vivanti, Martine Bucourt, Pascaline Letard, Jérome Maluenda, Laurence Loeuillet, Lionel Van Maldergem, Didier Lacombe, Marcel Tawk, Michèle Granier, Stanislas Lyonnet, Anne-Lise Delezoide, Andrée Delahaye-Duriez, André Mégarbané, Marie Gonzales, Florence Petit, Juliette Piard, Laurence Faivre, Helene Verhelst, Bettina Bessières, Sabine Sigaudy, Sandra Whalen, Valérie Layet, Yline Capri, Fanny Pelluard, Emanuela Abiusi, Klaus Dieterich, Marie Vincent, Marine Legendre, Dana Jaber, Romulus Grigorescu, Florent Marguet, Eric Bieth, Helge Amthor, Christine Barnerias, Estelle Colin, Laetitia Trestard, Mathilde Nizon, Jelena Martinovic, Daniel Amram, and Nicoletta Resta
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Artrogriposi múltiple congènita, Settore BIO/18 - GENETICA, human genetics, neuromuscular diseases, Genomics, Biology, CONTRACTURES, CLASSIFICATION, diseases, symbols.namesake, Diagnòstic, Gene mapping, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, Exome Sequencing, OF-FUNCTION MUTATIONS, Genetics, Medicine and Health Sciences, genomics, Humans, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Arthrogryposis, Sanger sequencing, Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, Genetic heterogeneity, SPINAL MUSCULAR-ATROPHY, Proteins, nervous system malformations, DYSTROPHY, Disease gene identification, GENE, Human genetics, Pedigree, ETIOLOGY, Phenotype, symbols, neuromuscular, Genètica, Transcription Factors
Abstract: BackgroundArthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is characterised by congenital joint contractures in two or more body areas. AMC exhibits wide phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. Our goals were to improve the genetic diagnosis rates of AMC, to evaluate the added value of whole exome sequencing (WES) compared with targeted exome sequencing (TES) and to identify new genes in 315 unrelated undiagnosed AMC families.MethodsSeveral genomic approaches were used including genetic mapping of disease loci in multiplex or consanguineous families, TES then WES. Sanger sequencing was performed to identify or validate variants.ResultsWe achieved disease gene identification in 52.7% of AMC index patients including nine recently identified genes (CNTNAP1, MAGEL2, ADGRG6, ADCY6, GLDN, LGI4, LMOD3, UNC50 and SCN1A). Moreover, we identified pathogenic variants in ASXL3 and STAC3 expanding the phenotypes associated with these genes. The most frequent cause of AMC was a primary involvement of skeletal muscle (40%) followed by brain (22%). The most frequent mode of inheritance is autosomal recessive (66.3% of patients). In sporadic patients born to non-consanguineous parents (n=60), de novo dominant autosomal or X linked variants were observed in 30 of them (50%).ConclusionNew genes recently identified in AMC represent 21% of causing genes in our cohort. A high proportion of de novo variants were observed indicating that this mechanism plays a prominent part in this developmental disease. Our data showed the added value of WES when compared with TES due to the larger clinical spectrum of some disease genes than initially described and the identification of novel genes.
Published: 2022

8. [National protocol for diagnosis and care of congenital aniridia: Summary for the attending physician]

Author: D, Bremond-Gignac, M, Robert, A, Daruich, V, Borderie, F, Chiambaretta, S, Valleix, and Alain, Verloes
Subjects: WAGR Syndrome, Photophobia, Physicians, Activities of Daily Living, Humans, Aniridia
Abstract: Congenital aniridia is a rare panocular disease defined by a national diagnostic and care protocol (PNDS) validated by the HAS. In most cases, it is due to an abnormality in the PAX6 gene, located at 11p13. Aniridia is a potentially blinding autosomal dominant disease with high penetrance. The prevalence varies from 1/40,000 births to 1/96,000 births. Approximately one third of cases are sporadic. Ocular involvement includes complete or partial absence of iris tissue, corneal opacification with neovascularization, glaucoma, cataract, foveal hypoplasia, optic disc hypoplasia and ptosis. These ocular disorders coexist to varying degrees and progress with age. Congenital aniridia manifests in the first months of life as nystagmus, visual impairment and photophobia. A syndromic form such as WAGR syndrome, WAGRO syndrome (due to the risk of renal Wilms tumor) or Gillespie syndrome (cerebellar ataxia) must be ruled out. Systemic associations may include diabetes, due to expression of the PAX6 gene in the pancreas, as well as other extraocular manifestations. Initial assessment is best carried out in a referral center specialized in rare ophthalmologic diseases, with annual follow-up. The management of progressive ocular involvement must be both proactive and responsive, with medical and surgical management. Visual impairment and photophobia result in disability, leading to difficulties in mobility, movement, communication, learning, fine motor skills, and autonomy, with consequences in personal, school, professional, socio-cultural and athletic life. Medico-socio-educational care involves a multidisciplinary team. Disability rehabilitation must be implemented to prevent and limit situations of handicap in activities of daily living, relying on the Commission for the Rights and Autonomy of People with Disabilities (CDAPH) within the Departmental House of People with Disabilities (MDPH). The general practitioner coordinates multidisciplinary medical and paramedical care.
Published: 2021

9. Genome-wide variant calling in reanalysis of exome sequencing data uncovered a pathogenic TUBB3 variant

Author: Elke de Boer, Burcu Yaldiz, Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon, Leslie Matalonga, Steve Laurie, Wouter Steyaert, Rick de Reuver, Christian Gilissen, Michael Kwint, Rolph Pfundt, Alain Verloes, Michèl A.A.P. Willemsen, Bert B.A. de Vries, A. Vitobello, Tjitske Kleefstra, Lisenka E.L.M. Vissers, Enzo Cohen, Isabel Cuesta, Daniel Danis, Fei Gao, Rita Horvath, Mridul Johari, Lennart Johanson, Shuang Li, Heba Morsy, Isabelle Nelson, Ida Paramonov, Iris B.A.W. te Paske, Peter Robinson, Marco Savarese, Ana Töpf, Aurélien Trimouille, Joeri K. van der Velde, Jana Vandrovcova, Antonio Vitobello, Birte Zurek, Kristin M. Abbot, Siddharth Banka, Elisa Benetti, Giorgio Casari, Andrea Ciolfi, Jill Clayton-Smith, Bruno Dallapiccola, Kornelia Ellwanger, Laurence Faivre, Holm Graessner, Tobias B. Haack, Anna Hammarsjö, Marketa Havlovicova, Alexander Hoischen, Anne Hugon, Adam Jackson, Mieke Kerstjens, Anna Lindstrand, Estrella López Martín, Milan Macek, Isabelle Maystadt, Manuela Morleo, Vicenzo Nigro, Ann Nordgren, Maria Pettersson, Michele Pinelli, Simone Pizzi, Manuel Posada, Francesca C. Radio, Alessandra Renieri, Caroline Rooryck, Lukas Ryba, Gijs W.E. Santen, Martin Schwarz, Marco Tartaglia, Christel Thauvin, Annalaura Torella, Lisenka Vissers, Pavel Votypka, Klea Vyshka, Kristina Zguro, Dutch Research Council (Holanda), Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. H2020, Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, de Boer, E., Yaldiz, B., Denomme-Pichon, A. -S., Matalonga, L., Laurie, S., Steyaert, W., de Reuver, R., Gilissen, C., Kwint, M., Pfundt, R., Verloes, A., Willemsen, M. A. A. P., de Vries, B. B. A., Vitobello, A., Kleefstra, T., Vissers, L. E. L. M., Nigro, V., Torella, A., and Banfi, S.
Subjects: Proband, Exome sequencing, Adolescent, Developmental Disabilities, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Mutation, Missense, Computational biology, Biology, Genome, Exon, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, Tubulin, Intellectual Disability, Solve-RD, Exome Sequencing, Genetics, Coding region, Missense mutation, Humans, TUBB3, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Sequence (medicine), Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], ERN ITHACA, Brain, Metabolic Disorders Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 6], General Medicine, Genome-wide variant calling, Strabismus, Face, Microcephaly, Female
Abstract: Almost half of all individuals affected by intellectual disability (ID) remain undiagnosed. In the Solve-RD project, exome sequencing (ES) datasets from unresolved individuals with (syndromic) ID (n = 1,472 probands) are systematically reanalyzed, starting from raw sequencing files, followed by genome-wide variant calling and new data interpretation. This strategy led to the identification of a disease-causing de novo missense variant in TUBB3 in a girl with severe developmental delay, secondary microcephaly, brain imaging abnormalities, high hypermetropia, strabismus and short stature. Interestingly, the TUBB3 variant could only be identified through reanalysis of ES data using a genome-wide variant calling approach, despite being located in protein coding sequence. More detailed analysis revealed that the position of the variant within exon 5 of TUBB3 was not targeted by the enrichment kit, although consistent high-quality coverage was obtained at this position, resulting from nearby targets that provide off-target coverage. In the initial analysis, variant calling was restricted to the exon targets ± 200 bases, allowing the variant to escape detection by the variant calling algorithm. This phenomenon may potentially occur more often, as we determined that 36 established ID genes have robust off-target coverage in coding sequence. Moreover, within these regions, for 17 genes (likely) pathogenic variants have been identified before. Therefore, this clinical report highlights that, although compute-intensive, performing genome-wide variant calling instead of target-based calling may lead to the detection of diagnostically relevant variants that would otherwise remain unnoticed. This work was financially supported by Aspasia grants of the Dutch Research Council (015.014.036 to TK and 015.014.066 to LELMV) and Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (917.183.10 to TK). The Solve-RD project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 779257. Sí
Published: 2021

10. Phenotypes and genotypes in non‐consanguineous and consanguineous primary microcephaly: High incidence of epilepsy

Author: Bettina Blaumeiser, Alec Aeby, Marc Abramowicz, Isabelle Pirson, Cindy Badoer, Helene Verhelst, Kathelijn Keymolen, Berten Ceulemans, Hilde Van Esch, Stéphanie Moortgat, Anne Destree, Patrick Van Bogaert, Sarah Duerinckx, Yusuf Tunca, Valérie Jacquemin, Olivier Vanakker, Nicolas Deconinck, Sarah Weckhuysen, Camille Perazzolo, Marije E.C. Meuwissen, Anna Jansen, Sandrine Passemard, Damien Lederer, Winnie Courtens, Rudy Van Coster, Koenraad Devriendt, Tayeb Sekhara, Nathalie Van der Aa, Isabelle Maystadt, Bart Loeys, Julie Soblet, François-Guillaume Debray, Marie-Cécile Nassogne, Geert Mortier, Julie Désir, Alain Verloes, Catheline Vilain, Jenny Van Den Ende, UCL - (SLuc) Service de neurologie pédiatrique, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Centre de malformations vasculaires congénitales, UCL - (SLuc) Centre de référence en lésions congénitales de la moëlle épinière, UCL - (SLuc) Centre de référence pour l'épilepsie réfractaire, Public Health Sciences, Mental Health and Wellbeing research group, Neurogenetics, Neuroprotection & Neuromodulation, Pediatrics, Clinical sciences, and Medical Genetics
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, Candidate gene, Microcephaly, ASPM MUTATIONS, PROTEIN, Cell Cycle Proteins, QH426-470, FAMILIES, Consanguinity, Epilepsy, Gene Frequency, Medicine and Health Sciences, SEQUENCE VARIANTS, HETEROGENEITY, Child, Genetics (clinical), SNPS, Genetics & Heredity, Mendeliome, Seizure types, Incidence, primary microcephaly, Phenotype, Cohort, Original Article, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, rare disease, Nerve Tissue Proteins, ASPM, Genetic Heterogeneity, consanguinity, Genetics, medicine, Humans, PRENATAL-DIAGNOSIS, Molecular Biology, WDR62, Science & Technology, Genetic heterogeneity, business.industry, brain developmental disorders, Généralités, Original Articles, FRAMEWORK, medicine.disease, epilepsy, Human medicine, business
Abstract: Background: Primary microcephaly (PM) is defined as a significant reduction in occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) of prenatal onset. Clinical and genetic heterogeneity of PM represents a diagnostic challenge. Methods: We performed detailed phenotypic and genomic analyses in a large cohort (n = 169) of patients referred for PM and could establish a molecular diagnosis in 38 patients. Results: Pathogenic variants in ASPM and WDR62 were the most frequent causes in non-consanguineous patients in our cohort. In consanguineous patients, microarray and targeted gene panel analyses reached a diagnostic yield of 67%, which contrasts with a much lower rate in non-consanguineous patients (9%). Our series includes 11 novel pathogenic variants and we identify novel candidate genes including IGF2BP3 and DNAH2. We confirm the progression of microcephaly over time in affected children. Epilepsy was an important associated feature in our PM cohort, affecting 34% of patients with a molecular confirmation of the PM diagnosis, with various degrees of severity and seizure types. Conclusion: Our findings will help to prioritize genomic investigations, accelerate molecular diagnoses, and improve the management of PM patients., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2021
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11. Novel missense mutations in PTCHD1 alter its plasma membrane subcellular localization and cause intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder

Author: Sylviane Marouillat, Marie-Laure Vuillaume, Thomas Smol, Rose-Anne Thépault, Lyse Ruaud, Sarah Grotto, Jamal Ghoumid, Nicolas Chatron, Annick Toutain, Marianne Till, Alain Verloes, Manon Dixneuf, Valérie Chune, Gaetan Lesca, Frédéric Laumonnier, Nathalie Couque, Bénédicte Gérard, Martine Raynaud, Judith Halewa, Dévina C. Ung, Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Maladies RAres du DEveloppement embryonnaire et du MEtabolisme : du Phénotype au Génotype et à la Fonction - ULR 7364 (RADEME), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hôpital Robert Debré, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires (NeuroDiderot (UMR_S_1141 / U1141)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Service de génétique [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau, ANR-20-CE17-0006,ASDecode,Approches translationnelles pour la caractérisation de la voie PTCHD1 impliquée dans les troubles neurodéveloppementaux(2020), Laumonnier, Frédéric, Approches translationnelles pour la caractérisation de la voie PTCHD1 impliquée dans les troubles neurodéveloppementaux - - ASDecode2020 - ANR-20-CE17-0006 - AAPG2020 - VALID, Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), and Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)
Subjects: Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mutation, Missense, autism spectrum disorder, Biology, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, functional analyses, PTCHD1 (patched domain containing 1) gene, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, in vitro cellular models, subcellular localization, Genetics, medicine, Missense mutation, Animals, Humans, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Research Articles, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Endoplasmic reticulum, 030305 genetics & heredity, Cell Membrane, Membrane Proteins, Subcellular localization, medicine.disease, In vitro, Transmembrane protein, Amino acid, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], chemistry, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, missense variants, Research Article
Abstract: The X‐linked PTCHD1 gene, encoding a synaptic membrane protein, has been involved in neurodevelopmental disorders with the description of deleterious genomic microdeletions or truncating coding mutations. Missense variants were also identified, however, without any functional evidence supporting their pathogenicity level. We investigated 13 missense variants of PTCHD1, including eight previously described (c.152G>A,p.(Ser51Asn); c.217C>T,p.(Leu73Phe); c.517A>G,p.(Ile173Val); c.542A>C,p.(Lys181Thr); c.583G>A,p.(Val195Ile); c.1076A>G,p.(His359Arg); c.1409C>A,p.(Ala470Asp); c.1436A>G,p.(Glu479Gly)), and five novel ones (c.95C>T,p.(Pro32Leu); c.95C>G,p.(Pro32Arg); c.638A>G,p.(Tyr213Cys); c.898G>C,p.(Gly300Arg); c.928G>C,p.(Ala310Pro)) identified in male patients with intellectual disability (ID) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Interestingly, several of these variants involve amino acids localized in structural domains such as transmembrane segments. To evaluate their potentially deleterious impact on PTCHD1 protein function, we performed in vitro overexpression experiments of the wild‐type and mutated forms of PTCHD1‐GFP in HEK 293T and in Neuro‐2a cell lines as well as in mouse hippocampal primary neuronal cultures. We found that six variants impaired the expression level of the PTCHD1 protein, and were retained in the endoplasmic reticulum suggesting abnormal protein folding. Our functional analyses thus provided evidence of the pathogenic impact of missense variants in PTCHD1, which reinforces the involvement of the PTCHD1 gene in ID and in ASD., Thirteen missense variants in the PTCHD1 gene associated with X‐linked neurodevelopmental disorder were investigated to address their potentially deleterious impact. Their overexpression in various cell lines (HEK293T, Neuro‐2a) and in primary neuronal cultures revealed abnormal protein stability and impaired subcellular localization, thus providing further evidence for the significant impact of PTCHD1 genetic alterations in intellectual disability and in autism spectrum disorder.
Published: 2021
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12. EPHA7 haploinsufficiency is associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder

Author: Jessica Assoumani, Morgane Plutino, Caroline Benech, Nathalie Marle, Houda Karmous-Benailly, Elise Boudry Labis, Sylvia Redon, Lionel Van Maldergem, Hala Nasser, Nathalie Couque, Myriam Rachid, Anne-Claude Tabet, Bérénice Schell, Aafke Engwerda, Mélanie Rama, Odile Boute, Céline Dupont, Conny M. A. van Ravenswaaij-Arts, Patrick Callier, Lyse Ruaud, Jonathan I. Levy, Paul Kuentz, Alain Verloes, Laurence Faivre, Hôpital Robert Debré, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires (NeuroDiderot (UMR_S_1141 / U1141)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), EFS, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), CHU Lille, Clinique de Génétique médicale Guy Fontaine [CHRU LIlle], Institut de génétique médicale, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Hôpital Robert Debré-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work has been generated within the European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability (ERN-ITHACA) [EU Framework Partnership Agreement ID: 3HP-HP-FPA ERN-01-2016/739516]., Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), PODEUR, Sophie, and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)
Subjects: Male, Microcephaly, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 6q16, 1 microdeletion, Inheritance Patterns, EPHA7, Haploinsufficiency, Biology, speech and language development, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Exome Sequencing, Genetics, medicine, Ephrin, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, microcephaly, Genetics (clinical), Genetic Association Studies, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, 6q16.1 microdeletion, Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptor, Receptor, EphA7, medicine.disease, Penetrance, Phenotype, neurodevelopmental disorder, Pedigree, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Neurodevelopmental Disorders, intellectual disability, Mutation, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6, Female
Abstract: International audience; Ephrin receptor and their ligands, the ephrins, are widely expressed in the developing brain. They are implicated in several developmental processes that are crucial for brain development. Deletions in genes encoding for members of the Eph/ephrin receptor family were reported in several neurodevelopmental disorders. The ephrin receptor A7 gene (EPHA7) encodes a member of ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPHA7 plays a role in corticogenesis processes, determines brain size and shape, and is involved in development of the central nervous system. One patient only was reported so far with a de novo deletion encompassing EPHA7 in 6q16.1. We report 12 additional patients from nine unrelated pedigrees with similar deletions. The deletions were inherited in nine out of 12 patients, suggesting variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance. Four patients had tiny deletions involving only EPHA7, suggesting a critical role of EPHA7 in a neurodevelopmental disability phenotype. We provide further evidence for EPHA7 deletion as a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorder and delineate its clinical phenotype.
Published: 2021
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13. Giant axonal neuropathy: a multicenter retrospective study with genotypic spectrum expansion

Author: Patrick Aubourg, Jean-Marie Cuisset, Philippe Latour, Kouider Beladgham, Jimmy Perrot, Lucie Guyant-Marechal, Bruno Francou, Laurent Kremer, Naziha Baaloul, Alain Verloes, and Andoni Echaniz-Laguna
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Weakness, Pes cavus, Adolescent, Encephalopathy, Consanguinity, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Child, Genetics (clinical), Retrospective Studies, Giant axonal neuropathy, business.industry, Gigaxonin, Brain, medicine.disease, Cytoskeletal Proteins, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Giant Axonal Neuropathy, Child, Preschool, Peripheral nervous system, Mutation, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Polyneuropathy, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the GAN gene encoding gigaxonin. Patients develop a progressive sensorimotor neuropathy affecting peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS). Methods: In this multicenter observational retrospective study, we recorded French patients with GAN mutations, and 10 patients were identified. Mean age of patients was 9.7 years (2-18), eight patients were female (80%), and all patients met infant developmental milestones and had a family history of consanguinity. Mean age at disease onset was 3.3 years (1-5), and progressive cerebellar ataxia and distal motor weakness were the initial symptoms in all cases. Proximal motor weakness and bulbar symptoms appeared at a mean age of 12 years (8-14), and patients used a wheelchair at a mean age of 16 years (14-18). One patient died at age 18 years from aspiration pneumonia. In all cases, nerve conduction studies showed a mixed demyelinating and axonal sensorimotor neuropathy and MRI showed brain and cerebellum white matter abnormalities. Polyneuropathy and encephalopathy both aggravated during the course of the disease. Patients also showed a variety of associated findings, including curly hair (100% of cases), pes cavus (80%), ophthalmic abnormalities (30%), and scoliosis (30%). Five new GAN mutations were found, including the first synonymous mutation and a large intragenic deletion. Our findings expand the genotypic spectrum of GAN mutations, with relevant implications for molecular analysis of this gene, and confirm that GAN is an age-related progressive neurodegenerative disease involving PNS and CNS.
Published: 2019
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14. Activating Mutations of RRAS2 Are a Rare Cause of Noonan Syndrome

Author: Francesca Romana Lepri, Martin Zenker, Christina Lißewski, Alma Kuechler, Lisa M. Vincent, Elisabetta Flex, Elaine Suk-Ying Goh, Francesca Pantaleoni, Serena Cecchetti, Yline Capri, Kristin G. Monaghan, Giovanna Carpentieri, Mohammad Reza Ahmadian, Marion Strullu, Goran Cuturilo, Hélène Cavé, Cédric Vignal, Alain Verloes, Nuria C. Bramswig, Julia Meyer, Neda S. Kazemein Jasemi, Elliot Stieglitz, Denny Schanze, Oliver H.F. Krumbach, Karen Chong, Radovan Dvorsky, Soheila Rezaei Adariani, Stephanie Sacharow, Marco Tartaglia, Julia Brinkmann, Yoann Vial, Juliette Piard, and G. Kensah
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, MAPK/ERK pathway, Protein Conformation, Medizin, GTPase, 030105 genetics & heredity, MAPK cascade, Medical and Health Sciences, Noonan syndrome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Child, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Pediatric, Genetics & Heredity, Genetics, Noonan Syndrome, Biological Sciences, Pedigree, Gain of Function Mutation, Female, Guanosine Triphosphate, RRAS2, Adult, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Downregulation and upregulation, Report, medicine, Humans, RASopathies, Gene, Genetic Association Studies, Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins, Genetic heterogeneity, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Membrane Proteins, Newborn, medicine.disease, MAPK, Brain Disorders, HEK293 Cells, 030104 developmental biology, Congenital Structural Anomalies, RAS
Abstract: Aberrant signaling through pathways controlling cell response to extracellular stimuli constitutes a central theme in disorders affecting development. Signaling through RAS and the MAPK cascade controls a variety of cell decisions in response to cytokines, hormones, and growth factors, and its upregulation causes Noonan syndrome (NS), a developmental disorder whose major features include a distinctive facies, a wide spectrum of cardiac defects, short stature, variable cognitive impairment, and predisposition to malignancies. NS is genetically heterogeneous, and mutations in more than ten genes have been reported to underlie this disorder. Despite the large number of genes implicated, about 10%-20% of affected individuals with a clinical diagnosis of NS do not have mutations in known RASopathy-associated genes, indicating that additional unidentified genes contribute to the disease, when mutated. By using a mixed strategy of functional candidacy and exome sequencing, we identify RRAS2 as a gene implicated in NS in six unrelated subjects/families. We show that the NS-causing RRAS2 variants affect highly conserved residues localized around the nucleotide binding pocket of the GTPase and are predicted to variably affect diverse aspects of RRAS2 biochemical behavior, including nucleotide binding, GTP hydrolysis, and interaction with effectors. Additionally, all pathogenic variants increase activation of the MAPK cascade and variably impact cellmorphology and cytoskeletal rearrangement. Finally, we provide a characterization of the clinical phenotype associated with RRAS2 mutations.
Published: 2019
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15. Management of growth failure and other endocrine aspects in patients with Noonan syndrome across Europe: A sub-analysis of a European clinical practice survey

Author: Thomas Edouard, Martin Zenker, Ingegerd Östman-Smith, Eduardo Ortega Castelló, Cordula M. Wolf, Emma Burkitt-Wright, Alain Verloes, Sixto García-Miñaúr, Marco Tartaglia, Guftar Shaikh, and Jan Lebl
Subjects: Europe, Endocrinologists, Human Growth Hormone, Surveys and Questionnaires, Noonan Syndrome, Genetics, Humans, Dwarfism, General Medicine, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Genetics (clinical)
Abstract: To date, there is a lack of international guidelines regarding the management of the endocrine features of individuals with Noonan syndrome (NS). The aim was to develop a clinical practice survey to gather information on current treatment and management of these patients across Europe.A group of 10 experts from three clinical specialities involved in the management of NS patients (clinical geneticists, paediatric endocrinologists, and paediatric cardiologists) developed a 60-question clinical practice survey. The questionnaire was implemented in Survey Monkey and sent to physicians from these three specialities via European/national societies. Contingency tables and the Chi-Squared test for independence were used to examine differences between specialities and countries.In total, responses of 364 specialists (paediatric endocrinologists, 40%; geneticists, 30%; paediatric cardiologists, 30%) from 20 European countries were analysed. While endocrinologists mostly referred to national growth charts for the general population, geneticists mostly referred to NS-specific growth charts. Approximately half of the endocrinologists perform growth hormone (GH) stimulation tests in short patients with low IGF1 levels. Two thirds of endocrinologists begin GH treatment for short patients in early childhood (4-6.9 years), and over half of them selected a threshold of -2 standard deviation score (SDS) according to national growth charts. The main concerns about GH treatment appear to be presence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (59%), increased risk of malignancy (46%), and limited efficacy (31%). When asked if they consider HCM as a contraindication for GH treatment, one third of respondents skipped this question, and among those who replied, two thirds selected 'cannot answer', suggesting a high level of uncertainty. A total of 21 adverse cardiac responses to GH treatment were reported. Although most respondents had not encountered any malignancy during GH treatment, six malignancies were reported. Finally, about half of the endocrinologists expected a typical final height gain of 1-1.5 SDS with GH treatment.This survey describes for the first time the current clinical practice of endocrine aspects of NS across Europe and helps us to identify gaps in the management but also in the knowledge of this genetic disorder.
Published: 2021

16. NTRK1 gene-related congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis: a nationwide multicenter retrospective study

Author: Andoni, Echaniz-Laguna, Cecilia, Altuzarra, Alain, Verloes, Marta Gomez Garcia, De La Banda, Susana, Quijano-Roy, Raluca Anca, Tudorache, Altynshash, Jaxybayeva, Bakhytkul, Myrzaliyeva, Meriem, Tazir, Jean-Michel, Vallat, Bruno, Francou, and Jon Andoni, Urtizberea
Subjects: Hypohidrosis, Male, Child, Preschool, Intellectual Disability, Mutation, Humans, Pain, Female, Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies, Receptor, trkA, Child, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare autosomal recessive disease resulting from mutations in the NTRK1 gene encoding the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase-1 receptor. In this multicenter observational retrospective study, we investigated CIPA patients identified from French laboratories sequencing the NTRK1 gene, and seven patients were identified. Patients originated from France (2), Suriname (2), Mali (1), Kazakhstan (1), and Algeria (1). Mean age of patients was 9.8 years (4-20), four patients were female (57%), infant developmental milestones were delayed in four cases (57%), and four patients had a family history of consanguinity (57%). Mean age at diagnosis was 4.8 months (3-6), and all patients presented with pain insensitivity, anhidrosis, intellectual disability, self-mutilation, febrile episodes, impaired temperature perception, and autonomous nervous system impairment. Patients also showed an assortment of associated findings, including hyperactivity (86%), emotional lability (86%), joint deformities (71%), bone fractures (57%), abnormal sense of touch, vibration and position (50%), skin, hair and nails abnormalities (28%), and hypothermia episodes (28%). Two patients died at age 9 and 12 years from infection. In three cases, nerve conduction studies showed absent lower limbs sensory nerve action potentials. In one case, sensory nerve biopsy showed complete absence of unmyelinated fibers. Nine NTRK1 pathogenic variants were found, including three newly described mutations. This nationwide study confirms that NTRK1 gene-related CIPA is an extremely rare disorder and expands the genotypic spectrum of NTRK1 mutations.
Published: 2021

17. High rate of hypomorphic variants as the cause of inherited ataxia and related diseases: study of a cohort of 366 families

Author: Sylvain Vergnet, Jean Phillipe Azulay, Isabelle Meunier, Audrey Riquet, Olivier Patat, Anna Castrioto, Laurent Pasquier, Cyril Charlin, Lena Damaj, Cécile Acquaviva, Nicolas Lebouc, Bérénice Doray, Cecilia Marelli, Morgane Pointaux, Pierre Meyer, Perrine Charles, Danielle Cuntz-Shadfar, Caroline Tillikete, Frederic Villega, Cathy Lieutard-Haag, Michel Koenig, François Rivier, Idriss Bousquet, Ganaëlle Remerand, Ulrike Walther-Louvier, Clarisse Carra-Dalliere, Victoria Gonzales, Alexandre Eusebio, Brigitte Chabrol, Emilie Carme, Pierre Labauge, Adrian Degardin, Elise Brischoux-Boucher, Brice Laurens, Laurent Kremer, Giovanni Castelnovo, Mélanie Fradin, Mehdi Benkirane, Karine Nguyen, Jean-Marie Ravel, Vincent Laugel, Emilien Bernard, Claire Guissart, Cyril Goizet, Samira Sissaoui, Agathe Roubertie, Christine Francannet, Sylvie Odent, Yosra Halleb, Xavier Ayrignac, Shahram Attarian, Fabienne Ory Magne, David Geneviève, Joel Victor Fluss, Alain Verloes, Anne Rolland, Martial Mallaret, Lydia Abou Haidar, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, David Baux, Catherine Sarret, Nicolas Carrière, Christine Coubes, Mathilde Renaud, Claire Ewenczyk, Patrick Calvas, Solène Frismand, Leila Lazaro, Bertrand Isidor, Annabelle Chaussenot, Sophie Julia, Valerie Fraix, Elsa Kaphan, Tatiana Witjas, Frédérique Fluchère, Mathieu Anheim, Christine Tranchant, William Camu, Eric Thouvenot, Lise Larrieu, Eric Bieth, Ariane Choumert, Raoul Morales, Marinha Costa Moreira, Elizabeth Ollagnon, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mécanismes moléculaires dans les démences neurodégénératives (MMDN), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), CHU Strasbourg, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience [Bordeaux] (IINS), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Hôpital Robert Debré, and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Ataxia, Cerebellar Ataxia, DNA Copy Number Variations, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear, Genomics, Biology, PEX10, Cohort Studies, Peroxins, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Exome Sequencing, medicine, Humans, Genetics (clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Genetics, Translation reinitiation, 0303 health sciences, Molecular pathology, 030305 genetics & heredity, Phenotype, Human genetics, United States, 3. Good health, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Medical genetics, medicine.symptom, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Purpose: Diagnosis of inherited ataxia and related diseases represents a real challenge given the tremendous heterogeneity and clinical overlap of the various causes. We evaluated the efficacy of molecular diagnosis of these diseases by sequencing a large cohort of undiagnosed families.Methods: We analyzed 366 unrelated consecutive patients with undiagnosed ataxia or related disorders by clinical exome-capture sequencing. In silico analysis was performed with an in-house pipeline that combines variant ranking and copy-number variant (CNV) searches. Variants were interpreted according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines.Results: We established the molecular diagnosis in 46% of the cases. We identified 35 mildly affected patients with causative variants in genes that are classically associated with severe presentations. These cases were explained by the occurrence of hypomorphic variants, but also rarely suspected mechanisms such as C-terminal truncations and translation reinitiation.Conclusion: A significant fraction of the clinical heterogeneity and phenotypic overlap is explained by hypomorphic variants that are difficult to identify and not readily predicted. The hypomorphic C-terminal truncation and translation reinitiation mechanisms that we identified may only apply to few genes, as it relies on specific domain organization and alterations. We identified PEX10 and FASTKD2 as candidates for translation reinitiation accounting for mild disease presentation.
Published: 2021
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18. New insights into the clinical and molecular spectrum of the novel CYFIP2-related neurodevelopmental disorder and impairment of the WRC-mediated actin dynamics

Author: Katharina Steindl, Alain Verloes, Cornelia Kraus, Rachel Fisher, Katrin Õunap, Amber Begtrup, Steffen Syrbe, Theresa Brunet, Antonio Vitobello, Laurence Faivre, Reza Asadollahi, Jessica Becker, Maja Hempel, Dave A Dyment, Christiane Zweier, John H McDermott, Bernt Popp, Elaine Suk-Ying Goh, Lynette G. Sadleir, Anaïs Begemann, Siddharth Banka, Gwenaël Le Guyader, Elisabeth Schuler, Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon, Kathleen Brown, Gaetan Lesca, Frédéric Tran Mau-Them, Lucia Ribeiro Machado Haertel, Maryline Carneiro, Amelie Theresa Van der Ven, Markus Zweier, Hartmut Engels, Heinrich Sticht, Theresia Herget, Jessika Johannsen, Bader Alhaddad, Nadine N. Hauer, Robert C. Day, Tiia Reimand, M. J. Hajianpour, Manuel Schiff, Kirsty McWalter, Margarita Saenz, Tatjana Bierhals, Pierre Meyer, Ange-Line Bruel, Martina Russo, Korbinian M. Riedhammer, Kirsten Cremer, Anita Rauch, Marjolaine Willems, Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires (NeuroDiderot (UMR_S_1141 / U1141)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), and Hôpital Robert Debré
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, WAVEregulatory complex (WRC), 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, Article, Intellectual disability, Epilepsy, CYFIP2, WAVE-regulatory complex (WRC), WASF, 03 medical and health sciences, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Seizures, medicine, Missense mutation, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Gene, Genetics (clinical), Actin, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Genetics, medicine.disease, Actin cytoskeleton, Phenotype, Hypotonia, Actins, 3. Good health, ddc, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.BDD.EO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Embryology and Organogenesis, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, intellectual disability, epilepsy, medicine.symptom
Abstract: International audience; Purpose: A few de novo missense variants in the cytoplasmic FMRP-interacting protein 2 (CYFIP2) gene have recently been described as a novel cause of severe intellectual disability, seizures, and hypotonia in 18 individuals, with p.Arg87 substitutions in the majority.Methods: We assembled data from 19 newly identified and all 18 previously published individuals with CYFIP2 variants. By structural modeling and investigation of WAVE-regulatory complex (WRC)-mediated actin polymerization in six patient fibroblast lines we assessed the impact of CYFIP2 variants on the WRC.Results: Sixteen of 19 individuals harbor two previously described and 11 novel (likely) disease-associated missense variants. We report p.Asp724 as second mutational hotspot (4/19 cases). Genotype–phenotype correlation confirms a consistently severe phenotype in p.Arg87 patients but a more variable phenotype in p.Asp724 and other substitutions. Three individuals with milder phenotypes carry putative loss-of-function variants, which remain of unclear pathogenicity. Structural modeling predicted missense variants to disturb interactions within the WRC or impair CYFIP2 stability. Consistent with its role in WRC-mediated actin polymerization we substantiate aberrant regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in patient fibroblasts.Conclusion: Our study expands the clinical and molecular spectrum of CYFIP2-related neurodevelopmental disorder and provides evidence for aberrant WRC-mediated actin dynamics as contributing cellular pathomechanism.
Published: 2020
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19. Smith-Magenis syndrome: Clinical and behavioral characteristics in a large retrospective cohort

Author: Jamal Ghoumid, Patrick Edery, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Sophie Chancenotte, Nicole Philip, Alain Verloes, Myriam Mikaty, Didier Lacombe, Coralie Rastel, Lyse Ruaud, David Geneviève, Natacha Lehman, Laurence Faivre, Laurence Perrin, Nicolas Rive Le Gouard, Hélène Deleersnyder, Adeline Jacquinet, Faustine Ageorges, Delphine Héron, Jennifer Gallard, Sylvie Odent, Sylvie Manouvrier-Hanu, Département de génétique [Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires (NeuroDiderot (UMR_S_1141 / U1141)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Service de génétique clinique [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandres, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de génétique médicale [Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Rennes (UR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Parents, Pediatrics, Developmental Disabilities, Smith-Magenis, 030105 genetics & heredity, Overweight, Epilepsy, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Prenatal Diagnosis, Child, clinical characteristics, Genetics (clinical), Growth Disorders, Tetralogy of Fallot, Sleep disorder, Smith–Magenis syndrome, 3. Good health, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Education, Special, Family Relations, medicine.symptom, Chromosome Deletion, Sleep Wake Disorders, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Scoliosis, Child Behavior Disorders, obstipation, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Intellectual Disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, medicine.disease, neurodevelopmental disorder, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, social impact, 17p11.2, Smith-Magenis Syndrome, business, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17
Abstract: International audience; Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS), characterized by dysmorphic features, neurodevelopmental disorder, and sleep disturbance, is due to an interstitial deletion of chromosome 17p11.2 (90%) or to point mutations in the RAI1 gene. In this retrospective cohort, we studied the clinical, cognitive, and behavioral profile of 47 European patients with SMS caused by a 17p11.2 deletion. We update the clinical and neurobehavioral profile of SMS. Intrauterine growth was normal in most patients. Prenatal anomalies were reported in 15%. 60% of our patients older than 10 years were overweight. Prevalence of heart defects (6.5% tetralogy of Fallot, 6.5% pulmonary stenosis), ophthalmological problems (89%), scoliosis (43%), or deafness (32%) were consistent with previous reports. Epilepsy was uncommon (2%). We identified a high prevalence of obstipation (45%). All patients had learning difficulties and developmental delay, but ID range was wide and 10% of patients had IQ in the normal range. Behavioral problems included temper tantrums and other difficult behaviors (84%) and night-time awakenings (86%). Optimal care of SMS children is multidisciplinary and requires important parental involvement. In our series, half of patients were able to follow adapted schooling, but 70% of parents had to adapt their working time, illustrating the medical, social, educative, and familial impact of having a child with SMS.
Published: 2020
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20. The clinical significance of A2ML1 variants in Noonan syndrome has to be reconsidered

Author: Christine Fauth, Denny Schanze, Alper Gezdirici, Francis Ramond, Francesca Pantaleoni, Christina Lissewski, Violeta Iotova, Alain Verloes, Marco Tartaglia, Valentina Pinna, Gülen Eda Utine, Pelin Ozlem Simsek-Kiper, Elif Yilmaz Gulec, Birute Burnyte, Yoann Vial, Milena Stoyanova, Julia Brinkmann, Francesca Romana Lepri, Alessandro De Luca, Martin Zenker, Marketa Havlovicova, Paola Daniele, Goran Cuturilo, Hélène Cavé, and Dieter Kotzot
Subjects: Genetics, Clinical significance, Genetic heterogeneity, Noonan Syndrome, Biology, RASopathy, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Brief Communication, A2ML1, Phenotype, Mutation, medicine, Noonan syndrome, Missense mutation, Humans, alpha-Macroglobulins, Genetic Testing, 610.72, RASopathies, Gene, Zebrafish, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract: The RASopathies are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous developmental disorders caused by dysregulation of the RAS/MAPK signalling pathway. Variants in several components and regulators of this pathway have been identified as the pathogenetic cause. In 2015, missense variants in A2ML1 were reported in three unrelated families with clinical diagnosis of Noonan syndrome (NS) and a zebrafish model was presented showing heart and craniofacial defects similar to those caused by a NS-associated Shp2 variant. However, a causal role of A2ML1 variants in NS has not been confirmed since. Herein, we report on 15 individuals who underwent screening of RASopathy-associated genes and were found to carry rare variants in A2ML1, including variants previously proposed to be causative for NS. In cases where parental DNA was available, the respective A2ML1 variant was found to be inherited from an unaffected parent. Seven index patients carrying an A2ML1 variant presented with an alternate disease-causing genetic aberration. These findings underscore that current evidence is insufficient to support a causal relation between variants in A2ML1 and NS, questioning the inclusion of A2ML1 screening in diagnostic RASopathy testing.
Published: 2020

21. Digenic inheritance of human primary microcephaly delineates centrosomal and non-centrosomal pathways

Author: Cindy Badoer, Alain Verloes, Valérie Jacquemin, Camille Perazzolo, Marc Abramowicz, Judith Racapé, Isabelle Pirson, Marianne Rooman, Tom Lenaerts, Julie Soblet, Séverine Drunat, Sabine Costagliola, Frédérick Libert, Anne Lefort, Sarah Duerinckx, Sandrine Passemard, Laurence Desmyter, Viviane De Maertelaer, Yoann Vial, Annick Massart, Sofia Papadimitriou, Yann-Aël Le Borgne, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Electronics and Informatics, IR Academic Unit, Informatics and Applied Informatics, and Artificial Intelligence
Subjects: Primary microcephaly, Inheritance Patterns, Biology, digenic inheritance, ASPM, 03 medical and health sciences, Open Reading Frames, Animals, Centrosome/metabolism, Databases, Genetic, Genetic Association Studies/methods, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Microcephaly/diagnosis, Microcephaly/genetics, Mutation, Phenotype, Signal Transduction, Exome Sequencing, Zebrafish, complex inheritance, exome sequencing, primary microcephaly, zebrafish, Genetics, Allele, Gene, Research Articles, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Genetic Association Studies, 030304 developmental biology, Centrosome, 0303 health sciences, 030305 genetics & heredity, biology.organism_classification, Digenic inheritance, Microcephaly, Research Article
Abstract: Primary microcephaly (PM) is characterized by a small head since birth and is vastly heterogeneous both genetically and phenotypically. While most cases are monogenic, genetic interactions between Aspm and Wdr62 have recently been described in a mouse model of PM. Here, we used two complementary, holistic in vivo approaches: high throughput DNA sequencing of multiple PM genes in human patients with PM, and genome‐edited zebrafish modeling for the digenic inheritance of PM. Exomes of patients with PM showed a significant burden of variants in 75 PM genes, that persisted after removing monogenic causes of PM (e.g., biallelic pathogenic variants in CEP152). This observation was replicated in an independent cohort of patients with PM, where a PM gene panel showed in addition that the burden was carried by six centrosomal genes. Allelic frequencies were consistent with digenic inheritance. In zebrafish, non‐centrosomal gene casc5 −/− produced a severe PM phenotype, that was not modified by centrosomal genes aspm or wdr62 invalidation. A digenic, quadriallelic PM phenotype was produced by aspm and wdr62. Our observations provide strong evidence for digenic inheritance of human PM, involving centrosomal genes. Absence of genetic interaction between casc5 and aspm or wdr62 further delineates centrosomal and non‐centrosomal pathways in PM., In a cohort of patients with primary microcephaly (PM), exome sequencing showed a significant burden of variants in PM genes, that persisted after removing monogenic causes of PM. The finding was confirmed in a replication cohort (not shown), and candidate centrosomal gene pairs were identified. Zebrafish genome editing produced a severe PM phenotype in casc5 −/− and no phenotype in aspm −/− or wdr62 −/− fishes. Zebrafish crosses displayed digenic interactions between centrosomal genes aspm and wdr62, and no interactions between non‐centrosomal gene casc5 and either aspm or wdr62, delineating centrosomal and non‐centrosomal pathways in PM. *p = .028.
Published: 2020

22. Further delineation of the female phenotype with KDM5C disease causing variants: 19 new individuals and review of the literature

Author: Christiane Zweier, Jamal Ghoumid, Cornelia Kraus, Sophie Nambot, Laurence Faivre, Antonio Vitobello, Stéphanie Moortgat, Thierry Bienvenu, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Virginie Carmignac, Benjamin Cogné, Frédéric Tran Mau-Them, Julien Thevenon, Patrick Callier, Alain Verloes, Christophe Philippe, Sophie Naudion, Renaud Touraine, André Reis, Arthur Sorlin, Caroline Thuillier, Bruno Delobel, Thibaud Jouan, Francis Ramond, Cécile Zordan, Daphné Lehalle, Valérie Benoit, Yannis Duffourd, Mathilde Nizon, Emilie Tisserant, and Thomas Smol
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Proband, Adult, Male, Heterozygote, X-linked intellectual disability, Genetic counseling, Disease, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, Short stature, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Genes, X-Linked, Intellectual Disability, Intellectual disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, 10. No inequality, Exome, Genetics (clinical), Histone Demethylases, Epilepsy, Genetic heterogeneity, Genetic Variation, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Mental Retardation, X-Linked, Female, medicine.symptom
Abstract: X-linked intellectual disability (XLID) is a genetically heterogeneous condition involving more than 100 genes. To date, 35 pathogenic variants have been reported in the lysine specific demethylase 5C (KDM5C) gene. KDM5C variants are one of the major causes of moderate to severe XLID. Affected males present with short stature, distinctive facial features, behavioral disorders, epilepsy, and spasticity. For most of these variants, related female carriers have been reported, but phenotypic descriptions were poor. Here, we present clinical and molecular features of 19 females carrying 10 novel heterozygous variants affecting KDM5C function, including five probands with de novo variants. Four heterozygous females were asymptomatic. All affected individuals presented with learning disabilities or ID (mostly moderate), and four also had a language impairment mainly affecting expression. Behavioral disturbances were frequent, and endocrine disorders were more frequent in females. In conclusion, our findings provide evidence of the role of KDM5C in ID in females highlighting the increasing implication of XLID genes in females, even in sporadic affected individuals. Disease expression of XLID in females should be taken into consideration for genetic counseling.
Published: 2020

23. Telemedicine strategy of the European Reference Network ITHACA for the diagnosis and management of patients with rare developmental disorders

Author: Francesca Clementina Radio, Bruno Dallapiccola, Mélanie Fradin, Alessandra Renieri, Alain Verloes, Jill Clayton-Smith, Michael Smith, Bronwyn Kerr, Rasika Sowmyalakshmi, Dorica Dan, Matteo Cassina, Massimiliano Rossi, Marketa Havlovicova, Laurence Faivre, Con Hennessy, Sofia Douzgou, Hany Mina, Siddharth Banka, Rasa Traberg, Aurélien Trimouille, Myfanwy Rawson, Ruta Marcinkute, Elizabeth Alexander, Ann Nordgren, Adela Chirita Emandi, Florence Riccardi, Jason Gavin, and Lianne Gompertz
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Telemedicine, Service (systems architecture), Developmental disorders, European reference network, Rare disease, Process (engineering), Developmental Disabilities, lcsh:Medicine, Telehealth, behavioral disciplines and activities, Rare Diseases, Intellectual disability, medicine, Humans, Data Protection Act 1998, Pharmacology (medical), Child, Genetics (clinical), Research, lcsh:R, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Patient management, Europe, Medical genetics, Medical emergency, Psychology, Delivery of Health Care
Abstract: Background The European Reference Networks, ERNs, are virtual networks for healthcare providers across Europe to collaborate and share expertise on complex or rare diseases and conditions. As part of the ERNs, the Clinical Patient Management System, CPMS, a secure digital platform, was developed to allow and facilitate web-based, clinical consultations between submitting clinicians and relevant international experts. The European Reference Network on Intellectual Disability, TeleHealth and Congenital Anomalies, ERN ITHACA, was formed to harness the clinical and diagnostic expertise in the sector of rare, multiple anomaly and/or intellectual disability syndromes, chromosome disorders and undiagnosed syndromic disorders. We present the first year results of CPMS use by ERN ITHACA as an example of a telemedicine strategy for the diagnosis and management of patients with rare developmental disorders. Results ERN ITHACA ranked third in telemedicine activity amongst 24 European networks after 12 months of using the CPMS. Information about 28 very rare cases from 13 different centres across 7 countries was shared on the platform, with diagnostic or other management queries. Early interaction with patient support groups identified data protection as of primary importance in adopting digital platforms for patient diagnosis and care. The first launch of the CPMS was built to accommodate the needs of all ERNs. The ERN ITHACA telemedicine process highlighted a need to customise the CPMS with network-specific requirements. The results of this effort should enhance the CPMS utility for telemedicine services and ERN-specific care outcomes. Conclusions We present the results of a long and fruitful process of interaction between the ERN ITHACA network lead team and EU officials, software developers and members of 38 EU clinical genetics centres to organise and coordinate direct e-healthcare through a secure, digital platform. The variability of the queries in just the first 28 cases submitted to the ERN ITHACA CPMS is a fair representation of the complexity and rarity of the patients referred, but also proof of the sophisticated and variable service that could be provided through a structured telemedicine approach for patients and families with rare developmental disorders. Web-based approaches are likely to result in increased accessibility to clinical genomic services.
Published: 2020
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24. Further delineation of the clinical spectrum of KAT6B disorders and allelic series of pathogenic variants

Author: Jennifer Tarpinian, Alberto Fernández-Jaén, Deborah A. Nickerson, Michael J. Bamshad, Kosuke Izumi, Giovanni Battista Ferrero, Emma Bedoukian, Marcello Niceta, Brendan Lee, A. Micheil Innes, Yuri A. Zarate, Katherine A. Bosanko, Annie Laquerrière, Jennifer A. Bassetti, David Mowat, Beth Keena, Carolina Galaz-Montoya, Claudia Gonzaga-Jauregui, Boris Keren, Reid Sutton, Elaine H. Zackai, James R. Lupski, Constance F. Wells, Francesca Clementina Radio, Natalie Hauser, Dong Li, Grace U Ediae, Marco Tartaglia, Xiang-Jiao Yang, Para Chottil Soumya, Elizabeth J. Bhoj, Christine Coubes, Kinattinkara R. Subbaraman, Alain Verloes, Klaus Dieterich, John C. Carey, Mary K. Kukolich, Francisco Cammarata-Scalisi, Alper Gezdirici, Jessica X. Chong, Sirinart Molidperee, Amelle Shillington, Sarah L. Sawyer, David S. Liu, Ana Bracho, Li Xin Zhang, Richard A. Gibbs, Sheela Nampoothiri, Ingrid A. Holm, Philip M. Boone, Alyssa Ritter, Charlotte Dubucs, Philippe M. Campeau, Gabrielle Lemire, Maria Lisa Dentici, Jacqueline Aziza, Frank J. Probst, Karippoth Mohandas Nair, Millan S. Patel, and Chester W. Brown
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Say–Barber–Biesecker–Young–Simpson syndrome, 030105 genetics & heredity, Blepharophimosis, Bioinformatics, KAT6B, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, genitopatellar syndrome, KAT6B disorders, SBBYSS, Intellectual Disability, Genotype, Medicine, Humans, Allele, Increased nuchal translucency, Genetics (clinical), Histone Acetyltransferases, Optic nerve hypoplasia, Polydactyly, business.industry, Enfermedades genéticas congénitas, Pediatría, Embriología, Cystic hygroma, Exons, medicine.disease, Genética, 030104 developmental biology, Intestinal malrotation, Mutation, Genitopatellar syndrome, business
Abstract: Purpose :Genitopatellar syndrome and Say–Barber–Biesecker–Young–Simpson syndrome are caused by variants in the KAT6B gene and are part of a broad clinical spectrum called KAT6B disorders, whose variable expressivity is increasingly being recognized. Methods: We herein present the phenotypes of 32 previously unreported individuals with a molecularly confirmed diagnosis of a KAT6B disorder, report 24 new pathogenic KAT6B variants, and review phenotypic information available on all published individuals with this condition. We also suggest a classification of clinical subtypes within the KAT6B disorder spectrum. Results: We demonstrate that cerebral anomalies, optic nerve hypoplasia, neurobehavioral difficulties, and distal limb anomalies other than long thumbs and great toes, such as polydactyly, are more frequently observed than initially reported. Intestinal malrotation and its serious consequences can be present in affected individuals. Additionally, we identified four children with Pierre Robin sequence, four individuals who had increased nuchal translucency/cystic hygroma prenatally, and two fetuses with severe renal anomalies leading to renal failure. We also report an individual in which a pathogenic variant was inherited from a mildly affected parent. Conclusión: Our work provides a comprehensive review and expansion of the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of KAT6B disorders that will assist clinicians in the assessment, counseling, and management of affected individuals. Sin financiación 8.822 JCR(2020) Q1, 15/176 Genetics & Heredity 3.509 SJR (2020) Q1, 7/96 Genetics (clinical) No data IDR 2020 UEM
Published: 2020

25. Management of cardiac aspects in children with Noonan syndrome – results from a European clinical practice survey among paediatric cardiologists

Author: Thomas Edouard, Marco Tartaglia, Guftar Shaikh, Martin Zenker, Jan Lebl, Cordula M Wolf, Sixto García-Miñaur, Ingegerd Östman-Smith, Alain Verloes, and Emma Burkitt-Wright
Subjects: Heart Defects, Congenital, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart disease, Specialty, Sudden cardiac death, Cardiologists, Pharmacotherapy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Testing, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Child, Contraindication, Genetics (clinical), Human Growth Hormone, business.industry, Noonan Syndrome, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Cohort, Noonan syndrome, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND The majority of children with Noonan syndrome (NS) or other diseases from the RASopathy spectrum suffer from congenital heart disease. This study aims to survey cardiac care of this patient cohort within Europe. METHODS A cross-sectional exploratory survey assessing the treatment and management of patients with NS by paediatric endocrinologists, cardiologists and clinical geneticists was developed. This report details responses of 110 participating paediatric cardiologists from multiple countries. RESULTS Most paediatric cardiologists responding to the questionnaire were associated with university hospitals, and most treated
Published: 2022
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26. Noonan syndrome males display Sertoli cell-specific primary testicular insufficiency

Author: Isabelle Oliver, Sophie Moniez, Safouane M. Hamdi, Gwenaelle Diene, Audrey Cartault, Béatrice Jouret, Maithé Tauber, Catherine Pienkowski, Myriam Daudin, Jean-Pierre Salles, Benoit Lepage, Thomas Edouard, Alain Verloes, Hélène Cavé, and Armelle Yart
Subjects: Adult, Anti-Mullerian Hormone, Male, 0301 basic medicine, endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Population, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Context (language use), Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Testis, Humans, Medicine, Inhibins, Child, education, Testosterone, Retrospective Studies, Azoospermia, education.field_of_study, Sertoli Cells, Leydig cell, Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome, business.industry, Noonan Syndrome, Infant, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Sertoli cell, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Child, Preschool, Noonan syndrome, business, Hormone
Abstract: Context Abnormalities in the hypothalamo–pituitary–gonadal axis have long been reported in Noonan syndrome (NS) males with only few data available in prepubertal children. Objective The aim of this study was to describe the gonadal function of NS males from childhood to adulthood. Design It is a retrospective chart review. Patients and methods A total of 37 males with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of NS were included. Clinical and genetic features, as well as serum hormone levels (LH, FSH, testosterone, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and inhibin B) were analysed. Results Of the 37 patients, 16 (43%) children had entered puberty at a median age of 13.5 years (range: 11.4–15.0 years); age at pubertal onset was negatively correlated with BMI SDS (r = −0.541; P = 0.022). In pubertal boys, testosterone levels were normal suggesting a normal Leydig cell function. In contrast, NS patients had significant lower levels of AMH (mean SDS: −0.6 ± 1.1; P = 0.003) and inhibin B (mean SDS: −1.1 ± 1.2; P NS-PTPN11 patients, whereas these markers did not differ from healthy children in SOS1 patients. No difference was found between cryptorchid and non-cryptorchid patients for AMH and inhibin B levels (P = 0.43 and 0.62 respectively). Four NS-PTPN11 patients had a severe primary hypogonadism with azoospermia/cryptozoospermia. Conclusions NS males display Sertoli cell-specific primary testicular insufficiency, whereas Leydig cell function seems to be unaffected.
Published: 2018
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27. EFNB2haploinsufficiency causes a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder

Author: G. Casu, Alain Verloes, N. Marziliano, Brigitte Benzacken, D. Haye, Pierre Gressens, Fabien Guimiot, J. Lévy, Eva Pipiras, Anne-Claude Tabet, C. Dupont, and N. Teissier
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Hearing loss, Chromosome Disorders, Ephrin-B2, Haploinsufficiency, Bioinformatics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Vasculogenesis, Intellectual disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics (clinical), Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, medicine.disease, Subtelomere, Pedigree, 030104 developmental biology, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Child, Preschool, Myoclonic epilepsy, Erythropoiesis, Female, Chromosome Deletion, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Ephrin B2, one of the ligand of the EphB receptors, is involved in a complex signaling pathway regulating the development of the nervous system, neuronal migration, erythropoiesis and vasculogenesis. We report a patient with a de novo variant in EFNB2 and a family in which segregates a 610-kb deletion at chromosome 13q33 encompassing only ARGLU1 and EFNB2 genes. The de novo variant was observed in a patient with anal stenosis, hypoplastic left ventricle and mild developmental delay. The deletion was identified in 2 sibs with congenital heart defect and mild developmental delay. One of the affected sibs further had myoclonic epilepsy and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. The carrier mother was apparently asymptomatic. Because EFNB2 is located in the subtelomeric region of 13q chromosome, we reviewed the previous reports of terminal 13q deletion. We suggest that haploinsufficiency of the EFNB2 could be at the origin of several clinical features reported in 13qter deletions, including intellectual disability, seizures, congenital heart defects, anorectal malformation and hearing loss.
Published: 2018
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28. Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of variants in PDE4D/PRKAR1A: from acrodysostosis to acroscyphodysplasia

Author: Edward Blair, Chloé Quélin, Geneviève Baujat, Yline Capri, Sylvie Odent, Pelin Ozlem Simsek-Kiper, Arnold Munnich, Ravi Savarirayan, Caroline Michot, Alice Goldenberg, Stanislas Lyonnet, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Esther Kinning, Carine Le Goff, Bertrand Isidor, Alain Verloes, Brigitte Gilbert-Dussardier, Hülya Kayserili, Martine Le Merrer, Miranda Splitt, Marleen Simon, Patricia Blanchet, Alex Henderson, Judith M.A. Verhagen, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Physiopathologie, conséquences fonctionnelles et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IFR2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cibles moléculaires et thérapeutiques de la maladie d'Alzheimer (CIMoTHeMA), Université de Poitiers, CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle University [Newcastle], Istanbul University, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Clinical Genetics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU de Montpellier], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Heterozygote, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIalpha Subunit, Acrodysostosis, Osteochondrodysplasias, Short stature, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intellectual Disability, Intellectual disability, Genetics, Humans, Medicine, Knee, Child, PRKAR1A, Genetics (clinical), Hand deformity, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, business.industry, Brachydactyly, Dysostoses, Heterozygote advantage, Syndrome, medicine.disease, Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4, 3. Good health, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, Dysplasia, Mutation, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Epiphyses, Hand Deformities, Congenital, Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Acrodysostosis (MIM 101800) is a dominantly inherited condition associating (1) skeletal features (short stature, facial dysostosis, and brachydactyly with cone-shaped epiphyses), (2) resistance to hormones and (3) possible intellectual disability. Acroscyphodysplasia (MIM 250215) is characterized by growth retardation, brachydactyly, and knee epiphyses embedded in cup-shaped metaphyses. We and others have identified PDE4D or PRKAR1A variants in acrodysostosis; PDE4D variants have been reported in three cases of acroscyphodysplasia. Our study aimed at reviewing the clinical and molecular findings in a cohort of 27 acrodysostosis and 5 acroscyphodysplasia cases. Among the acrodysostosis cases, we identified 9 heterozygous de novo PRKAR1A variants and 11 heterozygous PDE4D variants. The 7 patients without variants presented with symptoms of acrodysostosis (brachydactyly and cone-shaped epiphyses), but none had the characteristic facial dysostosis. In the acroscyphodysplasia cases, we identified 2 PDE4D variants. For 2 of the 3 negative cases, medical records revealed early severe infection, which has been described in some reports of acroscyphodysplasia. Subdividing our series of acrodysostosis based on the disease-causing gene, we confirmed genotype-phenotype correlations. Hormone resistance was consistently observed in patients carrying PRKAR1A variants, whereas no hormone resistance was observed in 9 patients with PDE4D variants. All patients with PDE4D variants shared characteristic facial features (midface hypoplasia with nasal hypoplasia) and some degree of intellectual disability. Our findings of PDE4D variants in two cases of acroscyphodysplasia support that PDE4D may be responsible for this severe skeletal dysplasia. We eventually emphasize the importance of some specific assessments in the long-term follow up, including cardiovascular and thromboembolic risk factors.
Published: 2018
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29. Clinico-molecular analysis of eleven patients with Hermansky-Pudlak type 5 syndrome, a mild form of HPS

Author: Y Perdomo-Trujillo, Bart P. Leroy, Benoit Arveiler, Patricia Fergelot, Nursel Elcioglu, Claudio Plaisant, Josseline Kaplan, Fanny Morice-Picard, Vincent Michaud, Eulalie Lasseaux, Pierre-Simon Jouk, Alain Verloes, Didier Lacombe, and Christian P. Hamel
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, HPS5, Dermatology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Pulmonary fibrosis, medicine, Animals, Humans, Child, Aged, Hypopigmentation, Genetics, integumentary system, business.industry, Infant, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Oculocutaneous albinism, eye diseases, Bleeding diathesis, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome, Child, Preschool, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation, Albinism, Female, Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), first described in 1959, is a rare form of syndromic oculocutaneous albinism associated with bleeding diathesis and in some cases pulmonary fibrosis and granulomatous colitis. All 10 HPS types are caused by defects in vesicle trafficking of lysosome-related organelles (LRO) proteins. The HPS5 protein associates with HPS3 and HPS6 to form the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-2 (BLOC-2). Here, we report the clinical and genetic data of 11 patients with HPS-5 analyzed in our laboratory. We report 11 new pathogenic variants. The 11 patients present with ocular features that are typical for albinism, with mild hypopigmentation, and with no other major complication, apart from a tendency to bleed. HPS-5 therefore appears as a mild form of HPS, which is often clinically undistinguishable from mild oculocutaneous or ocular forms of albinism. Molecular analysis is therefore required to establish the diagnosis of this mild HPS form, which has consequences in terms of prognosis and of clinical management of the patients.
Published: 2017
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30. LEF1 haploinsufficiency causes ectodermal dysplasia

Author: Céline Dupont, Isabelle Bailleul-Forestier, Anne-Claude Tabet, Joris Vermeesch, Yline Capri, Alain Verloes, Myriam Rachid, Jonathan Levy, and Koen Devriendt
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Ectodermal dysplasia, animal structures, Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1, Mesenchyme, Ectoderm, Oligodontia, Haploinsufficiency, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, Young Adult, Ectodermal Dysplasia, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, Genetics (clinical), beta Catenin, Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic, Wnt signaling pathway, NF-kappa B, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Child, Preschool, embryonic structures, Cancer research, Hypotrichosis, Female, Signal Transduction
Abstract: Ectodermal dysplasias are a family of genodermatoses commonly associated with variants in the ectodysplasin/NF-κB or the Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Both pathways are involved in signal transduction from ectoderm to mesenchyme during the development of ectoderm-derived structures. Wnt/β-catenin pathway requires the lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1), a nuclear mediator, to activate target gene expression. In mice, targeted inactivation of the LEF1 gene results in a complete block of development of multiple ectodermal appendages. We report two unrelated patients with 4q25 de novo deletion encompassing LEF1, associated with severe oligodontia of primary and permanent dentition, hypotrichosis and hypohidrosis compatible with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Taurodontism and a particular alveolar bone defect were also observed in both patients. So far, no pathogenic variants or variations involving the LEF1 gene have been reported in human. We provide further evidence for LEF1 haploinsufficiency role in ectodermal dysplasia and delineate its clinical phenotype.
Published: 2019

31. VPS51 biallelic variants cause microcephaly with brain malformations: A confirmatory report

Author: Séverine Drunat, Yoann Vial, Janvier Hitayezu, Annette Uwineza, Stephane Wenric, Sandrine Passemard, Alain Verloes, Vincent El Ghouzzi, Vincent Bours, Jean-Hubert Caberg, Leon Mutesa, Service de génétique, CHU du Sart-Tilman, Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Physiopathologie, conséquences fonctionnelles et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IFR2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires (NeuroDiderot (UMR_S_1141 / U1141)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique [Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, Microcephaly, VPS51, Endosome, Vesicular Transport Proteins, Postnatal microcephaly, Endosomes, Biology, Nervous System Malformations, 03 medical and health sciences, EARP, 0302 clinical medicine, GARP, Dandy–Walker syndrome, Absent speech, Intellectual disability, Genetics, medicine, Golgi, Humans, Child, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Golgipathies, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Neurodevelopmental disorders, Rwanda, Brain, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Protein Transport, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Cerebellar atrophy, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, trans-Golgi Network
Abstract: International audience; Whole exome sequencing undertaken in two siblings with delayed psychomotor development, absent speech, severe intellectual disability and postnatal microcephaly, with brain malformations consisting of cerebellar atrophy in the eldest affected and hypoplastic corpus callosum in the younger sister; revealed a homozygous intragenic deletion in VPS51, which encodes the vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein, one the four subunits of the Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) and endosome-associated recycling protein (EARP) complexes that promotes the fusion of endosome-derived vesicles with the trans-Golgi network (GARP) and recycling endosomes (EARP). This observation supports a pathogenic effect of VPS51 variants, which has only been reported previously once, in a single child with microcephaly. It confirms the key role of membrane trafficking in normal brain development and homeostasis.
Published: 2019
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32. Molecular investigation, using chromosomal microarray and whole exome sequencing, of six patients affected by Williams Beuren syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author: Sylvie Tordjman, Patrick Edery, Renaud Touraine, Audrey Labalme, Nicolas Chatron, Caroline Schluth-Bolard, Pierre Antoine Rollat-Farnier, Alain Verloes, Brigitte Gilbert-Dussardier, Damien Sanlaville, Massimiliano Rossi, Gaetan Lesca, Fabienne Giuliano, Julie Masson, Giuseppe Testa, and Caroline Demily
Subjects: Adult, Male, Williams Syndrome, 0301 basic medicine, Hypersociability, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Adolescent, DNA Copy Number Variations, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Population, lcsh:Medicine, 030105 genetics & heredity, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Exome Sequencing, Intellectual disability, Humans, Williams Beuren syndrome, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), GTF2I, cardiovascular diseases, Copy-number variation, Child, education, Letter to the Editor, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Genetics, education.field_of_study, business.industry, lcsh:R, Whole exome sequencing, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Human genetics, 3. Good health, Phenotype, Autism spectrum disorder, Autism, Female, Chromosome Deletion, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 7q11.23 microdeletion
Abstract: Williams Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a multiple malformations/intellectual disability (ID) syndrome caused by 7q11.23 microdeletion and clinically characterized by a typical neurocognitive profile including excessive talkativeness and social disinhibition, often defined as “overfriendliness” and “hyersociability”. WBS is generally considered as the polar opposite phenotype to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Surprisingly, the prevalence of ASD has been reported to be significantly higher in WBS (12%) than in general population (1%). Our study aims to investigate the molecular basis of the peculiar association of ASD and WBS. We performed chromosomal microarray analysis and whole exome sequencing in six patients presenting with WBS and ASD, in order to evaluate the possible presence of chromosomal or gene variants considered as pathogenic. Our study shows that the presence of ASD in the recruited WBS patients is due to i) neither atypically large deletions; ii) nor the presence of pathogenic variants in genes localized in the non-deleted 7q11.23 allele which would unmask recessive conditions; iii) moreover, we did not identify a second, indisputable independent genetic diagnosis, related to pathogenic Copy Number Variations or rare pathogenic exonic variants in known ID/ASD causing genes, although several variants of unknown significance were found. Finally, imprinting effect does not appear to be the only cause of autism in WBS patients, since the deletions occurred in alleles of both maternal and paternal origin. The social disinhibition observed in WBS does not follow common social norms and symptoms overlapping with ASD, such as restricted interests and repetitive behavior, can be observed in “typical” WBS patients: therefore, the terms “overfriendliness” and “hypersociability” appear to be a misleading oversimplification. The etiology of ASD in WBS is likely to be heterogeneous. Further studies on large series of patients are needed to clarify the observed variability in WBS social communication, ranging from excessive talkativeness and social disinhibition to absence of verbal language and social deficit. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13023-019-1094-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2019
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33. Developmental Phenotype of the Rare Case of DJ Caused by a Unique ADNP Gene De Novo Mutation

Author: Joseph Levine, Lautaro Diaz, Illana Gozes, Alain Verloes, Carole Herman, David Cohen, Cora Cravero, Vincent Guinchat, and Anne Mandel
Subjects: Genetics, Homeodomain Proteins, Male, Problem Behavior, Adolescent, Developmental Disabilities, De novo mutation, Nerve Tissue Proteins, General Medicine, Biology, Proteomics, Phenotype, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Rare case, Mutation, Humans, Neurochemistry, Gene
Published: 2019

34. Duplication of 10q24 locus: broadening the clinical and radiological spectrum

Author: Joris Andrieux, Anna Sowińska-Seidler, Joo Wook Ahn, Elena Pollina, Clarisse Baumann, Chantal Farra, Florence Petit, Sébastien Jacquemont, Muriel Holder-Espinasse, Philippe Jonveaux, Jane A. Hurst, Sylvie Manouvrier-Hanu, Magdalena Socha, Neeti Ghali, Sahar Mansour, Albert David, Anne-Sylvie Valat, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Anne Moncla, Annick Toutain, Alain Verloes, Anna Jakubiuk-Tomaszuk, Nayana Lahiri, Estelle Colin, Annick Rossi, David Zhang, Philippe Bourgeot, Aleksander Jamsheer, Fabienne Escande, Marion Gérard, Aurélie Mezel, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Ghislaine Plessis, Christine Patch, Service de Génétique clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), biology and pathological laboratory, Institut de Génétique Médicale [CHRU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille], Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc - U837 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université Lille 2 - Faculté de Médecine, Agricultural University of Krakow, Université de Lorraine (UL), Service de génétique médicale, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiopathologie et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de génétique [Tours], Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Service de Génétique [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Service de génétique clinique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, MLab, Dauphine Recherches en Management (DRM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Inst MitoVasc, Equipe MitoLab, Université d'Angers (UA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Wessex clinical genetics service, North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Department of Clinical Genetics/EMGO Institute for Health and Care research, Biometrics Research Center, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (POLYU), Laboratoire de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U1172 Inserm - U837 (JPArc), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, and MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex, BTRC, Limb Deformities, Congenital, Locus (genetics), Review Article, Biology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, Segmental Duplications, Genomic, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Gene duplication, Genetics, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetics (clinical), Segmental duplication, Gene Rearrangement, Regulation of gene expression, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, 0303 health sciences, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10, F-Box Proteins, 030305 genetics & heredity, Infant, Penetrance, Pedigree, Radiography, Wnt Proteins, Phenotype, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Child, Preschool, Female, Hand Deformities, Congenital, Limb morphogenesis
Abstract: International audience; Split-hand-split-foot malformation (SHFM) is a rare condition that occurs in 1 in 8500-25,000 newborns and accounts for 15% of all limb reduction defects. SHFM is heterogeneous and can be isolated, associated with other malformations, or syndromic. The mode of inheritance is mostly autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance, but can be X-linked or autosomal recessive. Seven loci are currently known: SHFM1 at 7q21.2q22.1 (DLX5 gene), SHFM2 at Xq26, SHFM3 at 10q24q25, SHFM4 at 3q27 (TP63 gene), SHFM5 at 2q31 and SHFM6 as a result of variants in WNT10B (chromosome 12q13). Duplications at 17p13.3 are seen in SHFM when isolated or associated with long bone deficiency. Tandem genomic duplications at chromosome 10q24 involving at least the DACTYLIN gene are associated with SHFM3. No point variant in any of the genes residing within the region has been identified so far, but duplication of exon 1 of the BTRC gene may explain the phenotype, with likely complex alterations of gene regulation mechanisms that would impair limb morphogenesis. We report on 32 new index cases identified by array-CGH and/or by qPCR, including some prenatal ones, leading to termination for the most severe. Twenty-two cases were presenting with SHFM and 7 with monodactyly only. Three had an overlapping phenotype. Additional findings were identified in 5 (renal dysplasia, cutis aplasia, hypogonadism and agenesis of corpus callosum with hydrocephalus). We present their clinical and radiological findings and review the literature on this rearrangement that seems to be one of the most frequent cause of SHFM.
Published: 2019
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35. Whole genome paired-end sequencing elucidates functional and phenotypic consequences of balanced chromosomal rearrangement in patients with developmental disorders

Author: Brigitte Gilbert-Dussardier, Patrick Edery, Flavie Diguet, Géraldine Joly-Hélas, Fanny Morice-Picard, Nicolas Chatron, Jeanne Amiel, Fabienne Prieur, Jérome Toutain, Sandra Whalen, Marine Lebrun, Gwenaël Nadeau, Sylvie Jaillard, Céline Pebrel-Richard, Annabelle Chaussenot, Bénédicte Demeer, Florence Demurger, Sophie Dupuis-Girod, Marianne Till, Nicole Philip, Jacques Puechberty, Laurent Pasquier, Pierre-Antoine Rollat-Farnier, Claire Bardel, Anne-Marie Guerrot, Anne-Claude Tabet, Sylvie Odent, Annick Toutain, Alain Verloes, Jean-Michel Dupont, Christine Coubes, Aziza Lebbar, Yline Capri, Bertrand Isidor, James Lespinasse, Didier Lacombe, Julie Masson, Sophie Blesson, Marine Houlier, Véronique Paquis-Flucklinger, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Florence Amblard, Patrick Callier, Jonathan Levy, Chantal Missirian, Véronique Satre, Marie-France Portnoï, Cyril Mignot, Stéphanie Valence, Catherine Sarret, Sébastien Moutton, Françoise Devillard, Alice Masurel-Paulet, Caroline Schluth-Bolard, Patrick Collignon, Jean-Pierre Siffroi, Marie-Pierre Cordier, Renaud Touraine, Marlène Rio, Céline Dupont, Cédric Le Caignec, Damien Sanlaville, Audrey Putoux, Morgane Plutino, Valérie Kremer, Valérie Malan, Martine Doco-Fenzy, Alexandra Afenjar, Caroline Rooryck-Thambo, Massimiliano Rossi, Linda Pons, Gaetan Lesca, Laurence Faivre, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule (LBMC), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Génétique [CHU Lyon] (Centre de pathologie de l'Est), Hospices civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Département de génétique et procréation, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Hôpital Couple-Enfant, Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Département de génétique [Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Toulon, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Service de génétique médicale, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Génétique médicale [Centre Hospitalier de Vannes], Centre hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique (Morbihan) (CHBA), Pôle Couple-Enfant, Département de Génétique et Procréation, Centre de génétique et Centre de référence maladies rares et anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs du Centre Est, Département de Génétique et Procréation UF-Hôpital Couple Enfant de Grenoble-CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Service de Génétique, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Groupe Hospitalier Est, Génétique Médicale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers)-Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement Ouest, CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Service de génétique médicale - Unité de génétique clinique [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de génétique [Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Service de Génétique Clinique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, CHU Saint-Etienne, Université de Lyon, Département de Génétique Chromosomique, Bâtiment Hôtel Dieu - Centre Hospitalier de Chambéry, École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes), Laboratoire Histologie Embryologie Cytogénétique [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Service de Cytogénétique, Centre hospitalier de Valence, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis - Faculté de Médecine (UNS UFR Médecine), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Dept of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Service de Génétique Clinique (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Institut de génétique humaine (IGH), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de néphrologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Institut Pascal (IP), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Service de génétique et embryologie médicales [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU de Lyon-Centre Neuroscience et Recherche, Service de génétique, CHU Saint-Etienne-Hôpital nord, Service de génétique [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Physiopathologie et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), French National Agency for Research, French Ministry of Health, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Maladies génétiques d'expression pédiatrique (U933), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Candidate gene, Adolescent, DNA Copy Number Variations, Developmental Disabilities, 030105 genetics & heredity, Genome, Translocation, Genetic, Structural variation, Chromosome Breakpoints, Structure-Activity Relationship, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, position effect, Genetics, Humans, Child, Gene, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics (clinical), Paired-end tag, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chromosomal rearrangements, Chromosome Aberrations, Gene Rearrangement, Whole genome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, whole genome sequencing, biology, structural variation, Infant, NFIX, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, intellectual disability, Child, Preschool, biology.protein, symbols, Female, Biomarkers
Abstract: BackgroundBalanced chromosomal rearrangements associated with abnormal phenotype are rare events, but may be challenging for genetic counselling, since molecular characterisation of breakpoints is not performed routinely. We used next-generation sequencing to characterise breakpoints of balanced chromosomal rearrangements at the molecular level in patients with intellectual disability and/or congenital anomalies.MethodsBreakpoints were characterised by a paired-end low depth whole genome sequencing (WGS) strategy and validated by Sanger sequencing. Expression study of disrupted and neighbouring genes was performed by RT-qPCR from blood or lymphoblastoid cell line RNA.ResultsAmong the 55 patients included (41 reciprocal translocations, 4 inversions, 2 insertions and 8 complex chromosomal rearrangements), we were able to detect 89% of chromosomal rearrangements (49/55). Molecular signatures at the breakpoints suggested that DNA breaks arose randomly and that there was no major influence of repeated elements. Non-homologous end-joining appeared as the main mechanism of repair (55% of rearrangements). A diagnosis could be established in 22/49 patients (44.8%), 15 by gene disruption (KANSL1, FOXP1, SPRED1, TLK2, MBD5, DMD, AUTS2, MEIS2, MEF2C, NRXN1, NFIX, SYNGAP1, GHR, ZMIZ1) and 7 by position effect (DLX5, MEF2C, BCL11B, SATB2, ZMIZ1). In addition, 16 new candidate genes were identified. Systematic gene expression studies further supported these results. We also showed the contribution of topologically associated domain maps to WGS data interpretation.ConclusionPaired-end WGS is a valid strategy and may be used for structural variation characterisation in a clinical setting.
Published: 2019
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36. Dermatological manifestations in cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome: a prospective multicentric study of 45 mutation‐positive patients

Author: N. Pouvreau, F. Giuliano, Smail Hadj-Rabia, M.‐L. Jacquemont, Emmanuelle Bourrat, Juliette Mazereeuw-Hautier, Yline Capri, Didier Lacombe, F. Morice‐picard, Christine Chiaverini, Cédric Baumann, Didier Bessis, J. Miquel, Pierre Sarda, M. Best, Nicole Philip, Yoann Vial, C. Abadie, Alain Verloes, Safa Aouinti, Lucile Pinson, C. Pernet, Sabine Sigaudy, Stéphanie Mallet, David Geneviève, Christine Coubes, Anne-Claire Bursztejn, Nicolas Molinari, Hélène Cavé, Béatrice Parfait, Stanislas Lyonnet, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Pathogénèse et contrôle des infections chroniques (PCCI), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux], Hôpital Robert Debré Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Hôpital de la Colombière, Université de Montpellier (UM), Département de génétique [Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Service de Dermatologie [Nice], Hôpital Archet 2 [Nice] (CHU), Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve [CHRU Montpellier], Dpt génétique médicale [CHU Nice], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], CHU Sud Saint Pierre [Ile de la Réunion], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Rennes (UR), Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AP-HP - Hôpital Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu [Paris], Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Michel-Avella, Amandine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier ), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)
Subjects: Heart Defects, Congenital, Male, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, MAP Kinase Kinase 2, MAP Kinase Kinase 1, Administration, Oral, Dermatology, Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, Administration, Cutaneous, Keratosis Pilaris, Acitretin, Diagnosis, Differential, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Costello syndrome, Ectodermal Dysplasia, Medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Young adult, Prospective cohort study, Child, Genetic Association Studies, Sirolimus, Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, business.industry, Costello Syndrome, Noonan Syndrome, Facies, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Failure to Thrive, Treatment Outcome, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Noonan syndrome, Female, France, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine.drug
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Data on dermatological manifestations of cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFCS) remain heterogeneous and almost without expert dermatological classification. OBJECTIVES: To describe the dermatological manifestations of CFCS; to compare them with the literature findings; to assess those discriminating CFCS from other RASopathies, including Noonan syndrome (NS) and Costello syndrome (CS); and to test for dermatological phenotype-genotype correlations. METHODS: We performed a 4-year, large, prospective, multicentric, collaborative dermatological and genetic study. RESULTS: Forty-five patients were enrolled. Hair abnormalities were ubiquitous, including scarcity or absence of eyebrows and wavy or curly hair in 73% and 69% of patients, respectively. Keratosis pilaris (KP), ulerythema ophryogenes (UO), palmoplantar hyperkeratosis (PPHK) and multiple melanocytic naevi (MMN; over 50 naevi) were noted in 82%, 44%, 27% and 29% of patients, respectively. Scarcity or absence of eyebrows, association of UO and PPHK, diffuse KP and MMN best differentiated CFCS from NS and CS. Oral acitretin may be highly beneficial for therapeutic management of PPHK, whereas treatment of UO by topical sirolimus 1% failed. No significant dermatological phenotype-genotype correlation was determined. CONCLUSIONS: A thorough knowledge of CFCS skin manifestations would help in making a positive diagnosis and differentiating CFCS from CS and NS.
Published: 2019
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37. Dermatological manifestations in Noonan syndrome: a prospective multicentric study of 129 patients positive for mutation

Author: Hélène Cavé, Nicole Philip, Christine Chiaverini, M.‐L. Jacquemont, Emmanuelle Bourrat, Valérie Pallure, J. Miquel, Juliette Mazereeuw-Hautier, Clarisse Baumann, Yline Capri, Stéphanie Mallet, Sophie Guillaumont, Federico Manna, Claire Jeandel, Smail Hadj-Rabia, Yoann Vial, C. Pernet, Pierre Sarda, M. Willems, Lucile Pinson, C. Abadie, Sabine Sigaudy, Christine Coubes, F. Giuliano, Didier Lacombe, Fanny Morice-Picard, P. Blanchet, Didier Bessis, David Geneviève, M. Best, Alain Verloes, A.-C. Bursztejn, Nicolas Molinari, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Service de Dermatologie [Nice], Hôpital Archet 2 [Nice] (CHU), Service de génétique médicale, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Met Office Hadley Centre, Joint Centre for Hydrometeorological Research, Wallingford, United Kingdom, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA, Service de Dermatologie et Allergologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Département de génétique [Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Service de génétique médicale [Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Dpt génétique médicale [CHU Nice], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Saint-Pierre Institute, Service de dermatologie [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Production du lait (PL), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Service de dermatologie (CHU de Toulouse), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Saint Jean de Perpignan, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU de Montpellier], Unité fonctionnelle de génétique clinique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Génétique des maladies multifactorielles (GMM), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Joint Centre for Hydro-Meteorological Research, Met Office Hadley Centre (JCHMR), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU Montpellier], Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog, Adult, Male, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], DNA Mutational Analysis, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11, Dermatology, medicine.disease_cause, Keratosis Pilaris, Skin Diseases, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, skin and connective tissue diseases, Child, Genetic Association Studies, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Univariate analysis, Mutation, business.industry, Noonan Syndrome, Multiple Lentigines, Infant, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, PTPN11, medicine.anatomical_structure, Phenotype, Scalp, Child, Preschool, Noonan syndrome, Female, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND Data on dermatological manifestations of Noonan syndrome (NS) remain heterogeneous and are based on limited dermatological expertise. OBJECTIVES To describe the dermatological manifestations of NS, compare them with the literature findings, and test for dermatological phenotype-genotype correlations with or without the presence of PTPN11 mutations. METHODS We performed a large 4-year, prospective, multicentric, collaborative dermatological and genetic study. RESULTS Overall, 129 patients with NS were enrolled, including 65 patients with PTPN11-NS, 34 patients with PTPN11-NS with multiple lentigines (NSML), and 30 patients with NS who had a mutation other than PTPN11. Easy bruising was the most frequent dermatological finding in PTPN11-NS, present in 53·8% of patients. Multiple lentigines and cafe-au-lait macules (n ≥ 3) were present in 94% and 80% of cases of NSML linked to specific mutations of PTPN11, respectively. Atypical forms of NSML could be associated with NS with RAF1 or NRAS mutations. In univariate analysis, patients without a PTPN11 mutation showed (i) a significantly higher frequency of keratinization disorders (P = 0·001), including keratosis pilaris (P = 0·005), ulerythema ophryogenes (P = 0·0001) and palmar and/or plantar hyperkeratosis (P = 0·06, trend association), and (ii) a significantly higher frequency of scarce scalp hair (P = 0·035) and scarce or absent eyelashes (P = 0·06, trend association) than those with PTPN11 mutations. CONCLUSIONS The cutaneous phenotype of NS with a PTPN11 mutation is generally mild and nonspecific, whereas the absence of a PTPN11 mutation is associated with a high frequency of keratinization disorders and hair abnormalities.
Published: 2019
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38. Elucidation of the phenotypic spectrum and genetic landscape in primary and secondary microcephaly

Author: Joana Figueiro-Silva, Reza Asadollahi, Ratna Dua Puri, Heinrich Sticht, Lance H. Rodan, Michael Papik, Beatrice Oneda, Anselm H. C. Horn, Sharyn A. Lincoln, Paranchai Boonsawat, Katharina Steindl, Ishwar C. Verma, Beatrice Latal, Laura Gogoll, Anita Rauch, Pascal Joset, Séverine Drunat, Oskar G. Jenni, Dunja Niedrist, Frenny Sheth, Markus Zweier, Alain Verloes, Robert Steinfeld, Dennis Kraemer, Chaitanya Datar, Barbara Plecko, Silvia Azzarello-Burri, Marcella Zollino, Ruxandra Bachmann-Gagescu, Rahim Masood, and Sandrine Passemard
Subjects: Male, Microcephaly, Candidate gene, Adolescent, Genetic counseling, Developmental Disabilities, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Cell Cycle Proteins, Biology, Settore MED/03 - GENETICA MEDICA, Article, DEAD-box RNA Helicases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intellectual Disability, Exome Sequencing, medicine, Missense mutation, Humans, Exome, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Child, Gene, QH426, Wnt Signaling Pathway, Exome sequencing, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, MCPH, genetic counseling, Microarray analysis techniques, secondary microcephaly, primary microcephaly, Infant, medicine.disease, Phenotype, 3. Good health, Pedigree, mitochondria, Gene Expression Regulation, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Purpose\ud Microcephaly is a sign of many genetic conditions but has been rarely systematically evaluated. We therefore comprehensively studied the clinical and genetic landscape of an unselected cohort of patients with microcephaly.\ud Methods\ud We performed clinical assessment, high-resolution chromosomal microarray analysis, exome sequencing, and functional studies in 62 patients (58% with primary microcephaly [PM], 27% with secondary microcephaly [SM], and 15% of unknown onset).\ud Results\ud We found severity of developmental delay/intellectual disability correlating with severity of microcephaly in PM, but not SM. We detected causative variants in 48.4% of patients and found divergent inheritance and variant pattern for PM (mainly recessive and likely gene-disrupting [LGD]) versus SM (all dominant de novo and evenly LGD or missense). While centrosome-related pathways were solely identified in PM, transcriptional regulation was the most frequently affected pathway in both SM and PM. Unexpectedly, we found causative variants in different mitochondria-related genes accounting for ~5% of patients, which emphasizes their role even in syndromic PM. Additionally, we delineated novel candidate genes involved in centrosome-related pathway (SPAG5, TEDC1), Wnt signaling (VPS26A, ZNRF3), and RNA trafficking (DDX1).\ud Conclusion\ud Our findings enable improved evaluation and genetic counseling of PM and SM patients and further elucidate microcephaly pathways.
Published: 2019

39. Associations between cognitive performance and the rehabilitation, medical care and social support provided to French children with Prader-Willi syndrome

Author: Natacha Lehman, Didier Lacombe, Delphine Héron, Frédérique Debomy, Sylvie Manouvrier, Frédéric Huet, Patrick Edery, Laurence Faivre, Sylvie Odent, Myriam Mikaty, Jennifer Gallard, Sophie Chancenotte, Sandrine Vinault, Maïté Tauber, David Geneviève, Coralie Rastel, Nicole Philip, Christine Binquet, Mathieu Bordes, Alain Verloes, Jamal Ghoumid, Elodie Gautier, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Emilie Schmitt, Jenny Cornaton, Marie Bournez, Nolwenn Jean, Catherine Lejeune, Delphine Minot, Alice Masurel, Pierre-Henri Roux-Levy, Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Hôpital d'Enfants [CHU Dijon], Hôpital du Bocage, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Epidemiologie Clinique/Essais Cliniques (CIC-EC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de Référence du Syndrome de Prader-Willi, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), CHU Dijon, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Pôle Enfants [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), and CCSD, Accord Elsevier
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_treatment, Intellectual disability, MESH: Cognition, CBCL, 030105 genetics & heredity, Cognition, Multidisciplinary approach, MESH: Child, Medicine, Child, Genetics (clinical), Rehabilitation, MESH: Hormone Replacement Therapy, Neurological Rehabilitation, Neuropsychology, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, General Medicine, 3. Good health, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Education, Special, Female, France, Prader-Willi Syndrome, Occupational therapy, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Hormone Replacement Therapy, MESH: Social Support, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Social support, MESH: Neurological Rehabilitation, Genetics, Humans, Psychiatry, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Child, Preschool, Social Support, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, MESH: France, Patient care management, 030104 developmental biology, MESH: Education, Special, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, MESH: Prader-Willi Syndrome, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder with a characteristic behavioural phenotype. A multidisciplinary approach to care is required to prevent multiple medical complications in individuals affected by PWS. The aim of this study was to describe the rehabilitation, medical care, educational and social support provided to school-aged French PWS patients with varying neuropsychological profiles. Data were obtained from a French multicentre study that included patients aged 4-20 years with diverse genetic syndromes. Nineteen PWS subjects with a mean age of 9.2 years were included. The mean full-scale intellectual quotient (IQ) was 58 (Wechsler scale). There were frequent dissociations between verbal and performance IQ that were not associated with a specific profile. We also observed lower autonomy and communication scores (5.3 years and 5.9 years equivalent, respectively, Vineland scale), the absence of hyperactivity (Conners scale), and the presence of behavioural abnormalities (CBCL scale). Multidisciplinary medical supervision was generally coordinated by the paediatric endocrinologist and did not always include follow-up with all of the recommended specialists, in particular with a paediatric psychiatrist. Analysis of multidisciplinary rehabilitation conducted in public and private-sector establishment revealed failings in psychological support, occupational therapy and dietary follow-up. Regarding education, most children younger than 10 years were in normal schools, while older individuals were often cared for in medico-social institutions. In conclusion, children and adolescents with PWS generally received appropriate care. Though there have been considerable improvements in the management of children with PWS, reference centres should continue reinforcing the coordination of multidisciplinary supervision.
Published: 2020
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40. PEDIA: Prioritization of Exome Data by Image Analysis

Author: Eamonn Sheridan, Alfredo Orrico, Ivan Ivanovski, Saskia Biskup, Alexej Knaus, Marzena Wiśniewska, Anna Keryan, Bernd Wollnik, Gundula Thiel, Gorazd Rudolf, Max Zhao, Malte Spielmann, Yaron Gurovich, Sandra Wilson, Uwe Kornak, Pola Smirin-Yosef, Yair Hanani, Christina Fagerberg, Christian Thiel, Peter N. Robinson, Diana Mitter, Annick Raas-Rothschild, Gholson J. Lyon, Na Zhu, Dagmar Wahl, Nechama Haddad, Claus-Eric Ott, Antonio Martinez Carrascal, Janelle Howell, Nadja Ehmke, Irena Vrecar, Purificación Marín Reina, Oleg V. Borisov, Konstanze Hoertnagel, Denise Horn, Nurulhuda Hajjir, Sabine Rudnik, Sebastian Köhler, Marie Coutelier, Nicole Revencu, Ingrid Weber, Stanislav Rosnev, Johannes Zschocke, Claudia Ciaccio, Or Shanoon, Nicole Fleischer, Anna Schossig, Luitgard Graul-Neumann, Guy Nadav, Dione Aguilar, Susanne B. Kamphausen, Markus M. Nöthen, Allan Bayat, Borut Peterlin, Heidi Beate Bentzen, Øivind Braaten, Eun Kyung Suk, Magdalena Danyel, Ming W. Yeung, Catherine Karimov, Angela M. Kaindl, Luis Becerra-Solano, Tzung-Chien Hsieh, Svenja Daschkey, Laura Morlan Herrador, Christine Fauth, Stefan Mundlos, Ulrich A. Schatz, Jean Tori Pantel, Alain Verloes, Heinz Gabriel, Kirsten Cremer, Alexander Lavrov, Karen W. Gripp, Martin A. Mensah, Kristen Park, Yves Sznajer, Jakob Hertzberg, Korina Winter, Max Schubach, Sofia Douzgou, Peter Krawitz, Hadil Kathom, Linda M. Randolph, Björn Fischer-Zirnsak, Maximilian Leitheiser, Tom Kamphans, Asya Gusina, Omri Bar, Hilda David Eden, Koenraad Devriendt, Dejan Đukić, Elisabeth Mangold, Laura Pölsler, UCL - SSS/IREC/SLUC - Pôle St.-Luc, and UCL - (SLuc) Centre de génétique médicale UCL
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Computer science, 030105 genetics & heredity, computer.software_genre, computer vision, Databases, Genetic, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Exome, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, variant prioritization, 0303 health sciences, 030305 genetics & heredity, dysmorphology, Genomics, 3. Good health, Phenotype, Cohort, Medical genetics, Female, exome diagnostics, Algorithms, Natural language processing, deep learning, Prioritization, medicine.medical_specialty, Article, Image (mathematics), 03 medical and health sciences, Similarity (network science), Similarity (psychology), medicine, Humans, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, business.industry, Deep learning, Computational Biology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, 030104 developmental biology, Artificial intelligence, business, computer, Software
Abstract: PURPOSE: Phenotype information is crucial for the interpretation of genomic variants. So far it has only been accessible for bioinformatics workflows after encoding into clinical terms by expert dysmorphologists. METHODS: Here, we introduce an approach driven by artificial intelligence that uses portrait photographs for the interpretation of clinical exome data. We measured the value added by computer-assisted image analysis to the diagnostic yield on a cohort consisting of 679 individuals with 105 different monogenic disorders. For each case in the cohort we compiled frontal photos, clinical features, and the disease-causing variants, and simulated multiple exomes of different ethnic backgrounds. RESULTS: The additional use of similarity scores from computer-assisted analysis of frontal photos improved the top 1 accuracy rate by more than 20-89% and the top 10 accuracy rate by more than 5-99% for the disease-causing gene. CONCLUSION: Image analysis by deep-learning algorithms can be used to quantify the phenotypic similarity (PP4 criterion of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines) and to advance the performance of bioinformatics pipelines for exome analysis. ispartof: GENETICS IN MEDICINE vol:21 issue:12 pages:2807-2814 ispartof: location:United States status: published
Published: 2018
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41. Oligo-astrocytoma in LZTR1-related Noonan syndrome

Author: Adeline Jacquinet, Elettra Bianchi, Yline Capri, Laurent Servais, Jean-Paul Sacré, Hélène Cavé, Alain Verloes, Bernard Sadzot, Adeline Bonnard, Didier Martin, Hémopathies Myéloïdes : Cellules Souches, Modèles Pré-Cliniques et Recherche Translationnelle (UMR 1131), Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires (NeuroDiderot (UMR_S_1141 / U1141)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), University Hospital of Sart-Tilman, Département de génétique [Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Citadelle University Hospital [Liège], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and CCSD, Accord Elsevier
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Oligoastrocytoma, Adolescent, Growth hormone therapy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030105 genetics & heredity, Astrocytoma, Growth hormone, 03 medical and health sciences, Glioma, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Schwannomatosis, Genetics (clinical), business.industry, Noonan Syndrome, General Medicine, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Pedigree, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, Noonan syndrome, Female, LZTR1, Complication, business, Glioblastoma, Transcription Factors
Abstract: International audience; Mutations in LZTR1, already known to be causal in familial schwannomatosis type 2, have been recently involved in a small proportion of patients with autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive Noonan syndrome. LZTR1 is also a driver gene in non syndromal glioblastoma. We report a 26-year-old patient with typical Noonan syndrome, and the dominantly transmitted c.850C > T (p.(Arg284Cys)) variant in LZTR1. An oligoastrocytoma was diagnosed in the patient at the age of 22 years; recurrence of the tumor occurred at age 26, as a ganglioblastoma. The patient had been transiently treated with growth hormone between ages 15 and 17. Considering the implication of LZTR1 in sporadic tumors of the nervous system, we hypothesize that gliomas are a possible complication of LZTR1-related Noonan syndrome. This report also supports a possible link between occurrence of a cerebral tumor in Noonan syndrome and a previous treatment with growth hormone.
Published: 2018
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42. NR4A2 haploinsufficiency is associated with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder

Author: Jean Xavier, Cyril Mignot, Anne-Claude Tabet, C. Dupont, Andrée Delahaye-Duriez, Eva Pipiras, Boris Keren, A. Maruani, Brigitte Benzacken, M. Heulin, E. Charles, J. Lévy, S. Grotto, Alain Verloes, Damien Haye, Service de dermatologie (CHRU de Tours), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institute for System and Robotics [Lisbonne] (ISR), University of Lisbon, Unité fonctionnelle de génétique clinique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Pathogènes Hydriques Santé Environnement (PHySE ), Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Adolescent, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Cellular homeostasis, Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase, Haploinsufficiency, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Intellectual Disability, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2, Intellectual disability, Genetics, Humans, Medicine, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Child, 10. No inequality, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics (clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, Exons, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Autism spectrum disorder, Autism, Female, business, Carcinogenesis
Abstract: NR4A2, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is involved in modulation of target gene transcription, regulating several developmental processes such as regulation of cellular homeostasis, neuronal development, inflammation and carcinogenesis. 2q24.1 deletions are extremely rare, and only 1 patient with a de novo deletion encompassing only NR4A2 gene was reported so far. We report 3 additional patients with a de novo deletion encompassing NR4A2: 2 patients have deletions encompassing only NR4A2 gene and 1 patient has a deletion including NR4A2 and the first exon of GPD2. Our patients presented a neurodevelopmental disorder including language impairment, developmental delay, intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorder. We suggest that NR4A2 haploinsufficiency is implicated in neurodevelopmental disorder with high penetrance.
Published: 2018
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43. Disease-causing variants in TCF4 are a frequent cause of intellectual disability: lessons from large-scale sequencing approaches in diagnosis

Author: Anne Boland, Alain Verloes, Jean-François Deleuze, Amélie Piton, Robert Olaso, Jean-Louis Mandel, Laura Mary, Laurence Faivre, Christine Coubes, Bénédicte Gérard, Elise Schaefer, David Geneviève, Claire Feger, Irina Giurgea, Estelle Colin, Francesca Mattioli, Salima El Chehadeh, Dana Timbolschi, Yline Capri, Jennifer Fabre-Teste, Elsa Nourisson, Elisabeth Flori, Magalie Barth, Laurence Perrin, Claire Redin, Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique [CHU Strasbourg], Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-CHU Strasbourg, Institut de génétique et biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IGBMC), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de génétique médicale, CHU Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Unité fonctionnelle de génétique clinique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Maladies génétiques d'expression pédiatrique (U933), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Génétique, Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Service de cytogénétique, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Physiopathologie, conséquences fonctionnelles et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IFR2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique [Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre National de Génotypage, Institut de Génomique, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Service d'hématologie et immunologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Physiopathologie des maladies génétiques d'expression pédiatrique (UMRS_933), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Inst MitoVasc, Equipe MitoLab, Université d'Angers (UA), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU de Montpellier], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Physiopathologie des maladies génétiques d'expression pédiatrique, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Intellectual disability, Disease, 030105 genetics & heredity, Bioinformatics, medicine.disease_cause, Transcription Factor 4, MESH: Young adult, MESH: Child, Hyperventilation, 10. No inequality, Child, MESH: Transcription factor 4 / genetics, Genetics (clinical), MESH: Hyperventilation / genetics, Sanger sequencing, Mutation, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, TCF4, 3. Good health, Phenotype, MESH: Facies, Child, Preschool, Cohort, symbols, Female, MESH: Hight-throughput Nucleotide sequencing, Adult, MESH: Mutation, Adolescent, MESH: Phenotype, Article, MESH: Child, preschool, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Young Adult, Genetics, medicine, Humans, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, MESH: Hyperventilation / diagnosis, business.industry, Facies, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, MESH: Intellectual Disability / pathology, Human genome, business, Large-Scale Sequencing, MESH: Female
Abstract: IF 3.636 (2017); International audience; High-throughput sequencing (HTS) of human genome coding regions allows the simultaneous screen of a large number of genes, significantly improving the diagnosis of non-syndromic intellectual disabilities (ID). HTS studies permit the redefinition of the phenotypical spectrum of known disease-causing genes, escaping the clinical inclusion bias of gene-by-gene Sanger sequencing. We studied a cohort of 903 patients with ID not reminiscent of a well-known syndrome, using an ID-targeted HTS of several hundred genes and found de novo heterozygous variants in TCF4 (transcription factor 4) in eight novel patients. Piecing together the patients from this study and those from previous large-scale unbiased HTS studies, we estimated the rate of individuals with ID carrying a disease-causing TCF4 mutation to 0.7%. So far, TCF4 molecular abnormalities were known to cause a syndromic form of ID, Pitt–Hopkins syndrome (PTHS), which combines severe ID, developmental delay, absence of speech, behavioral and ventilation disorders, and a distinctive facial gestalt. Therefore, we reevaluated ten patients carrying a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in TCF4 (eight patients included in this study and two from our previous ID-HTS study) for PTHS criteria defined by Whalen and Marangi. A posteriori, five patients had a score highly evocative of PTHS, three were possibly consistent with this diagnosis, and two had a score below the defined PTHS threshold. In conclusion, these results highlight TCF4 as a frequent cause of moderate to profound ID and broaden the clinical spectrum associated to TCF4 mutations to nonspecific ID.
Published: 2018
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44. Phenotypic spectrum associated with SPECC1L pathogenic variants: new families and critical review of the nosology of Teebi, Opitz GBBB, and Baraitser-Winter syndromes

Author: Dominique Bonneau, Luis A Gonzalez-Nieto, Stine Leenskjold, Patrick Callier, Isabelle Thiffault, Katheryn Grand, Pauline Bogaard, Séverine Drunat, Elizabeth J. Bhoj, Hakon Hakonarson, Katherine T. Wild, Elaine H. Zackai, Elena Repnikova, Damien Haye, Irene K Nielsen, Mirena C Astiazaran, Irfan Saadi, Daphné Lehalle, Ida Charlotte Bay Lund, Shivarajan M. Amudhavalli, Annick Toutain, Alain Verloes, Ana Sofia Carvalho, Dong Li, Carol J Saunders, Yoann Vial, Kadri Karaer, The Center for Applied Genomics [Philadelphia, PA, USA], Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Division of Human Genetics [Philadelphia, PA, USA], Département de génétique [Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de génétique [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC, The Center for Applied Genomics, Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Nosology, Male, Opitz BBBG syndrome, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030105 genetics & heredity, Craniofacial Abnormalities, Cranial neural crest, Intellectual disability, SPECC1L, Child, Genetics (clinical), Growth Disorders, Genetics, Hypospadias, Hypertelorism, General Medicine, Omphalocele, Pedigree, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Female, Hand Deformities, Congenital, Hydrocephalus, Adult, Adolescent, Foot Deformities, Congenital, Biology, Actin cytoskeleton organization, Article, Craniosynostosis, 03 medical and health sciences, Esophagus, medicine, Teebi hypertelorism syndrome, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Obesity, Craniofacial, Bicornuate uterus, MID1, Facies, medicine.disease, Phosphoproteins, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, Mental Retardation, X-Linked, Spindle organization
Abstract: International audience; The SPECC1L protein plays a role in adherens junctions involved in cell adhesion, actin cytoskeleton organization, microtubule stabilization, spindle organization and cytokinesis. It modulates PI3K-AKT signaling and controls cranial neural crest cell delamination during facial morphogenesis. SPECC1L causative variants were first identified in individuals with oblique facial clefts. Recently, causative variants in SPECC1L were reported in a pedigree reported in 1988 as atypical Opitz GBBB syndrome. Six families with SPECC1L variants have been reported thus far. We report here eight further pedigrees with SPECC1L variants, including a three-generation family, and a further individual of a previously published family. We discuss the nosology of Teebi and GBBB, and the syndromes related to SPECC1L variants. Although the phenotype of individuals with SPECC1L mutations shows overlap with Opitz syndrome in its craniofacial anomalies, the canonical laryngeal malformations and male genital anomalies are not observed. Instead, individuals with SPECCL1 variants have branchial fistulae, omphalocele, diaphragmatic hernias, and uterus didelphis. We also point to the clinical overlap of SPECC1L syndrome with mild Baraitser-Winter craniofrontofacial syndrome: they share similar dysmorphic features (wide, short nose with a large tip, cleft lip and palate, blepharoptosis, retrognathia, and craniosynostosis), although intellectual disability, neuronal migration defect, and muscular problems remain largely specific to Baraitser-Winter syndrome. In conclusion, we suggest that patients with pathogenic variants in SPECC1L should not be described as "dominant (or type 2) Opitz GBBB syndrome", and instead should be referred to as "SPECC1L syndrome" as both disorders show distinctive, non overlapping developmental anomalies beyond facial communalities.
Published: 2018
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45. MED13L-related intellectual disability: involvement of missense variants and delineation of the phenotype

Author: Bertrand Isidor, Christine Francannet, D. Li, Samuel W. Baker, Gaëlle Vieville, Martine Doco-Fenzy, David Geneviève, I. Giurgea, Anna Gréen, Emily Fassi, Caroline Nava, Roseline Caumes, C. Fournier, Alexandra Afenjar, Françoise Devillard, Yuri A. Zarate, Damien Sanlaville, Michael Field, Elisabetta Lapi, Sandra Whalen, Emma Bedoukian, Alice Goldenberg, S. Steinwall Larsen, Jamal Ghoumid, Marjolaine Willems, M. Wenzel, Isabelle Marey, Sylvie Picker-Minh, Thomas Smol, Anne-Marie Guerrot, Dominique Bonneau, Gaetan Lesca, Delphine Héron, Elizabeth J. Bhoj, Véronique Satre, Sylvie Manouvrier-Hanu, Christine Coubes, Alain Verloes, Margarita Stefanova, Gaël Nicolas, Amélie Piton, Odile Boute-Benejean, Laurence Faivre, Caroline Thuillier, Bénédicte Gérard, Nicolas Chatron, Florence Petit, Beth Keena, Elise Boudry-Labis, C. Colson, Sonia Bouquillon, Avni Santani, Boris Keren, Lisa Ewans, Tony Roscioli, N. Le Meur, Paul Kuentz, Bryan L. Krock, Catherine Roche-Lestienne, Anne Dieux-Coeslier, Alban Ziegler, Pascale Saugier-Veber, Cyril Mignot, Vera M. Kalscheuer, Addie I. Nesbitt, Charles Coutton, Service de Génétique Médicale [Lille], Institut de génétique médicale-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Maladies RAres du DEveloppement embryonnaire et du MEtabolisme : du Phénotype au Génotype et à la Fonction - ULR 7364 (RADEME), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique [CHU Strasbourg], Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-CHU Strasbourg, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Constitutionnelle [Hospices civils de Lyon], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Service de génétique [Angers], Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique [CHU de Grenoble], CHU Grenoble, University of New South Wales [Canberra Campus] (UNSW), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Maladies génétiques d'expression pédiatrique (U933), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Génétique du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques (GMFC), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Linköping university hospital, Service de génétique médicale - Unité de génétique clinique [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria A. Meyer [Firenze, Italy], Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Unité fonctionnelle de génétique clinique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Département de génétique [Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de génétique médicale [Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics (MPIMG), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Service de génétique et embryologie médicales [CHU Trousseau], Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Montpellier, Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Génomique et Médecine Personnalisée du Cancer et des Maladies Neuropsychiatriques (GPMCND), Institut de génétique médicale-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Maladies RAres du DEveloppement embryonnaire et du MEtabolisme : du Phénotype au Génotype et à la Fonction ( RADEME ), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille ( CHRU de Lille ) -Clinique de Génétique médicale Guy Fontaine [CHRU LIlle]-Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du développement [CHRU Lille], Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires (LPMA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique (LHEEA), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Service de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Laboratoire Hippolyte Fizeau (FIZEAU), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Biologie, génétique et thérapies ostéoarticulaires et respiratoires (BIOTARGEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU de Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), APERAM, Inconnu, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de génétique [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), FHU TRANSLAD, Département de génétique [CHU Rouen] (Centre Normandie de Génomique et de Médecine Personnalisée), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Fossil Fuel Chemistry, University of Sofia, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de génétique clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), and International Livestock Research Institute
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Ataxia, Mutation, Missense, Intellectual disability, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, MESH: Phenotype, MESH: Intellectual Disability, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Epilepsy, MESH: Mediator Complex, MESH: Child, Genetics, medicine, Missense mutation, Humans, Mediator complex, Child, [ SDV.GEN.GH ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Genetics (clinical), MESH: Mutation, Missense, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Child, Preschool, medicine.disease, Human genetics, Hypotonia, MESH: Male, 3. Good health, MED13L, Cardiopathy, 030104 developmental biology, Phenotype, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Child, Preschool, Medical genetics, Female, medicine.symptom, Haploinsufficiency, business, MESH: Female, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: IF 3.269; International audience; Molecular anomalies in MED13L, leading to haploinsufficiency, have been reported in patients with moderate to severe intellectual disability (ID) and distinct facial features, with or without congenital heart defects. Phenotype of the patients was referred to "MED13L haploinsufficiency syndrome." Missense variants in MED13L were already previously described to cause the MED13L-related syndrome, but only in a limited number of patients. Here we report 36 patients with MED13L molecular anomaly, recruited through an international collaboration between centers of expertise for developmental anomalies. All patients presented with intellectual disability and severe language impairment. Hypotonia, ataxia, and recognizable facial gestalt were frequent findings, but not congenital heart defects. We identified seven de novo missense variations, in addition to protein-truncating variants and intragenic deletions. Missense variants clustered in two mutation hot-spots, i.e., exons 15-17 and 25-31. We found that patients carrying missense mutations had more frequently epilepsy and showed a more severe phenotype. This study ascertains missense variations in MED13L as a cause for MED13L-related intellectual disability and improves the clinical delineation of the condition.
Published: 2018
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46. Reply: ATAD1 encephalopathy and stiff baby syndrome: a recognizable clinical presentation

Author: Vincenzo Salpietro, Kerstin Kutsche, Henry Houlden, George K.E. Umanah, Mark I. Rees, Juliette Piard, Lionel Van Maldergem, Ted M. Dawson, Melissa Chang, Daniel Amram, Frederike L. Harms, Malik Alawi, Seo-Kyung Chung, Leire Abalde-Atristain, Alain Verloes, Rong Chen, and Valina L. Dawson
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Encephalopathy, Stiff-Person Syndrome, 03 medical and health sciences, Receptors, AMPA, Humans, Medicine, Infant, Muscle Rigidity, Mutation, Receptors, AMPA, Brain Diseases, business.industry, Extramural, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Stiff baby syndrome, Neurology (clinical), Presentation (obstetrics), business, Stiff person syndrome
Published: 2018

47. INTU -related oral-facial-digital syndrome type VI: a confirmatory report

Author: A. Favre, Laurence Perrin, H. Lucron, Yline Capri, Yoann Vial, A. Defo, Anne-Claude Tabet, C. Thauvin-Robinet, Alain Verloes, Sandrine Passemard, N. Elenga, Laurence Faivre, Ange-Line Bruel, Jonathan I. Levy, Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Service de génétique [Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique [Fort-de-France, Martinique], Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement ( PROTECT ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Département de génétique [Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Ciliary basal body, Compound heterozygosity, Ciliopathies, 03 medical and health sciences, Intraflagellar transport, CPLANE, Genetics, medicine, Inheritance Patterns, Hamartoma, Humans, INTU, [ SDV.GEN.GH ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Genetics (clinical), business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Membrane Proteins, Orofaciodigital Syndromes, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cytoskeletal Proteins, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, NGS, oral-facial-digital syndrome, business, SNP array
Abstract: Oral-facial-digital (OFD) syndromes are a subgroup of ciliopathies distinguished by the co-occurrence of hamartomas and/or multiple frenula of the oral region and digital anomalies. Several clinical forms of OFD syndromes are distinguished by their associated anomalies and/or inheritance patterns, and at least 20 genetic types of OFD syndromes have been delineated. We describe here a child with preaxial and postaxial polydactyly, lingual hamartoma, a congenital heart defect, delayed development and cerebellar peduncles displaying the molar tooth sign. Whole-exome sequencing and SNP array identified compound heterozygous variants in the INTU gene, which encodes a protein involved in the positioning of the ciliary basal body. INTU is a subunit of the CPLANE multiprotein complex essential for the assembly of IFT-A particles and intraflagellar transport. This report of a second patient with INTU-related OFD syndrome and the further delineation of its neuroimaging and skeletal phenotype now allow INTU-related OFD syndromes to be classified within the OFD syndrome type VI group. Patients display a phenotype similar to that of mice with a hypomorphic mutation of Intu, but with the addition of a heart defect.
Published: 2018
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48. A homozygous ATAD1 mutation impairs postsynaptic AMPA receptor trafficking and causes a lethal encephalopathy

Author: Mark I. Rees, Juliette Piard, Frederike L. Harms, Henry Houlden, George K.E. Umanah, Malik Alawi, Seo-Kyung Chung, Ted M. Dawson, Valina L. Dawson, Melissa Chang, Lionel Van Maldergem, Alain Verloes, Rong Chen, Leire Abalde-Atristain, Vincenzo Salpietro, Kerstin Kutsche, and Daniel Amram
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Models, Molecular, Male, Mutant, DNA Mutational Analysis, Messenger, Mitochondrion, Encephalopathy, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, Models, Receptors, AMPA, ATAD1, Internalization, Receptor, media_common, Adenosine Triphosphatases, Neurons, Mutation, Brain Diseases, Chemistry, Homozygote, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cell biology, Mitochondria, Protein Transport, Female, AMPA receptor trafficking, ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities, Carrier Proteins, Family Health, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Infant, Multiprotein Complexes, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Oxygen Consumption, RNA, Messenger, Receptors, AMPA, media_common.quotation_subject, Protein subunit, AMPA receptor, Frameshift mutation, 03 medical and health sciences, Report, medicine, Molecular, 030104 developmental biology, RNA, Neurology (clinical), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Members of the AAA+ superfamily of ATPases are involved in the unfolding of proteins and disassembly of protein complexes and aggregates. ATAD1 encoding the ATPase family, AAA+ domain containing 1-protein Thorase plays an important role in the function and integrity of mitochondria and peroxisomes. Postsynaptically, Thorase controls the internalization of excitatory, glutamatergic AMPA receptors by disassembling complexes between the AMPA receptor-binding protein, GRIP1, and the AMPA receptor subunit GluA2. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified a homozygous frameshift mutation in the last exon of ATAD1 [c.1070_1071delAT; p.(His357Argfs*15)] in three siblings who presented with a severe, lethal encephalopathy associated with stiffness and arthrogryposis. Biochemical and cellular analyses show that the C-terminal end of Thorase mutant gained a novel function that strongly impacts its oligomeric state, reduces stability or expression of a set of Golgi, peroxisomal and mitochondrial proteins and affects disassembly of GluA2 and Thorase oligomer complexes. Atad1(−/−) neurons expressing Thorase mutant(His357Argfs*15) display reduced amount of GluA2 at the cell surface suggesting that the Thorase mutant may inhibit the recycling back and/or reinsertion of AMPA receptors to the plasma membrane. Taken together, our molecular and functional analyses identify an activating ATAD1 mutation as a new cause of severe encephalopathy and congenital stiffness.
Published: 2018

49. HUWE1 variants cause dominant X-linked intellectual disability: a clinical study of 21 patients

Author: Rolph Pfundt, Sarju G. Mehta, Amy Lawson Yuen, Gunnar Houge, Marie-Cécile Nassogne, Nicola S. Cooper, Bjørn Ivar Haukanes, Ingvild Aukrust, Siren Berland, Pradeep Vasudevan, Mónica Roselló, Stéphanie Moortgat, Nina Powell-Hamilton, Charlotte von der Lippe, Barbara van Loon, Ruth Newbury-Ecob, Alain Verloes, Laura A. Baker, Trine Prescott, Andrew O.M. Wilkie, Emma Wakeling, Ddd Study, Isabelle Maystadt, Francisco Martínez, Laurence Faivre, Alfonso Caro-Llopis, Karen J. Low, Emma Kivuva, François-Guillaume Debray, Thatjana Gardeitchik, Louise C. Wilson, Christine Verellen-Dumoulin, Valérie Benoit, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, and UCL - (SLuc) Service de neurologie pédiatrique
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, X-linked intellectual disability, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Mutation, Missense, Short stature, Article, Craniosynostosis, 03 medical and health sciences, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, Intellectual Disability, Intellectual disability, Obligate carrier, Genetics, medicine, Missense mutation, Humans, Child, Genetics (clinical), X chromosome, Genes, Dominant, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], business.industry, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Genetic Diseases, X-Linked, Metabolic Disorders Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 6], Syndrome, medicine.disease, Disorders of movement Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 3], Dermatology, 030104 developmental biology, Speech delay, Female, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Whole-gene duplications and missense variants in the HUWE1 gene (NM_031407.6) have been reported in association with intellectual disability (ID). Increased gene dosage has been observed in males with non-syndromic mild to moderate ID with speech delay. Missense variants reported previously appear to be associated with severe ID in males and mild or no ID in obligate carrier females. Here, we report the largest cohort of patients with HUWE1 variants, consisting of 14 females and 7 males, with 15 different missense variants and one splice site variant. Clinical assessment identified common clinical features consisting of moderate to profound ID, delayed or absent speech, short stature with small hands and feet and facial dysmorphism consisting of a broad nasal tip, deep set eyes, epicanthic folds, short palpebral fissures, and a short philtrum. We describe for the first time that females can be severely affected, despite preferential inactivation of the affected X chromosome. Three females with the c.329 G > A p.Arg110Gln variant, present with a phenotype of mild ID, specific facial features, scoliosis and craniosynostosis, as reported previously in a single patient. In these females, the X inactivation pattern appeared skewed in favour of the affected transcript. In summary, HUWE1 missense variants may cause syndromic ID in both males and females.
Published: 2018

50. Prenatal findings in cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome

Author: Sabine Sigaudy, Nathalie Pouvreau, Hélène Heckenroth, Ludivine Templin, Tiffany Busa, Clarisse Baumann, Nicole Philip, Hélène Cavé, Annick Toutain, Alain Verloes, Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle (GMGF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Génétique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Heart Defects, Congenital, Male, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Polyhydramnios, ă short femora, 030105 genetics & heredity, Gene mutation, cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome, 03 medical and health sciences, Fetus, Costello syndrome, Pregnancy, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Fetal macrosomia, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Increased nuchal translucency, Genetics (clinical), business.industry, Obstetrics, Infant, Newborn, Macrocephaly, Prognosis, medicine.disease, prenatal findings, 3. Good health, BRAF mutation, Phenotype, Endocrinology, fetal ultrasound, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, fetal macrosomia, Face, Mutation, Skin Abnormalities, Female, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: International audience; Our study was designed to analyze prenatal manifestations in patientsă affected with cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome (CFCS), in order to defineă indications of DNA testing in utero. Prenatal features were extractedă from a national database and additional data were collected from 16ă families contacted through the French association of CFC-Costelloă syndrome. We collected results of ultrasound scan (USS) biometrics,ă presence of congenital birth defects, and polyhydramnios. From theă database, increased nuchal translucency was present in 13% ofă pregnancies, polyhydramnios in 52%, macrosomia and/or macrocephaly ină 16%. Of the 16 pregnancies, 81% were complicated by abnormal USSă findings. Polyhydramnios was reported in 67%. Head circumference,ă biparietal diameter, and abdominal circumference were above the 90thă centile in 72%, 83% and, 81% of fetuses, respectively. Contrastingă with macrosomia, femur length was below the 10th centile in 38%.ă Urinary tract abnormalities were found in 47% of fetuses. Most CFCSă fetuses showed a combination of macrocephaly, macrosomia, andă polyhydramnios, contrasting with relatively short femora. This growthă pattern is also seen in Costello syndrome. We suggest that screening foră CFCS and Costello gene mutations could be proposed in pregnanciesă showing this unusual pattern of growth parameters. (c) 2015 Wileyă Periodicals, Inc.
Published: 2015
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