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Aim: to present the results of the Spanish home enteral nutrition (HEN) registry of the NADYA-SENPE group for the years 2018 and 2019. Material and methods: from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019 the home enteral nutrition registry was recorded, and afterwards a further descriptive and analytical analysis was done. Results: in 2018, 4756 active patients were registered and the prevalence was 101.79 patients per one million inhabitants; in 2019 there were 4633 patients with a prevalence of 98.51 patients per one million inhabitants. They originated in 46 hospitals: 51.3 % were male, and median age was 71.0 years in both periods. The most frequent diagnosis was a neurological disorder that presents with aphagia or severe dysphagia - 58.7 % and 58.2 %, respectively. The main cause of episode termination was death. A total of 116 pediatric patients were registered in 2018 and 115 in 2019. Females represented 57.8 % and 59.1 %, respectively, in each of the periods. Median age at the beginning of HEN was 5 and 7 months. The most commonly recordered diagnostic group (42.2 % and 42.6 %) was included within the other pathologies group, followed by neurological disorders that present with aphagia or severe dysphagia in 41.4 % and 41.7 % of children. The route of administration was gastrostomy in 46.6 % and 46.1 %, respectively, in each of the periods. Conclusions: the NED registry of the NADYA-SENPE group continues to operate uninterruptedly since its inception. The number of registered patients and the number of participating hospitals remained stable in the last biennium analyzed.Objetivo: exponer los resultados del registro de nutrición enteral domiciliaria (NED) de los años 2018 y 2019 del Grupo NADYA-SENPE. Material y métodos: se recopilaron los pacientes introducidos en el registro desde el 1 de enero al 31 de diciembre de 2018 y en las mismas fechas para 2019, procediendo al análisis descriptivo y analítico de los datos. Resultados: en el año 2018 se registraron 4756 pacientes activos con una tasa de prevalencia de 101,79 pacientes/millón de habitantes; en 2019 fueron 4633 con una tasa de prevalencia de 98,51 pacientes/millón de habitantes. Procedían de 46 hospitales. Fueron el 51,3 % los varones registrados y la edad mediana fue de 71,0 años en ambos periodos. El diagnóstico más frecuente fue el de enfermedad neurológica que cursa con afagia o disfagia severa (58,7 % y 58,2 %), respectivamente. La causa principal de finalización de los episodios fue el fallecimiento. Los pacientes pediátricos registrados fueron 116 en 2018 y 115 en 2019. Las niñas representaron el 57,8 % y 59,1 %, respectivamente, en cada uno de los periodos. La edad mediana de inicio de la NED fue de 5 y 7 meses. El grupo diagnóstico más registrado (42,2 % y 42,6 %) se englobó dentro del grupo de otras patologías, seguido de la enfermedad neurológica que cursa con afagia o disfagia severa de los niños (41,4 % y 41,7 %). Se alimentaban a través de gastrostomía el 46,6 % y 46,1 %, respectivamente, en cada uno de los periodos. Conclusiones: el registro de NED del grupo NADYA-SENPE sigue operativo de forma ininterrumpida desde sus inicios. El número de pacientes registrados y el de hospitales participantes permanece estable en el último bienio analizado.

Aim: to communicate the home parenteral nutrition (HPN) data obtained from the HPN registry of the NADYA-SENPE group (www.nadya-senpe.com) for the year 2019. Material and methods: a descriptive analysis of the data collected from adult and pediatric patients with HPN in the NADYA-SENPE group registry from January 1 to December 31, 2019. Results: a total of 283 patients (51.9 % women), 31 children, and 252 adults from 47 Spanish hospitals were registered, which represents a prevalence rate of 6.01 patients per million inhabitants for year 2019. The most frequent diagnosis in adults was "palliative oncological" and "others" (21.0 %). In children, it was Hirschsprung's disease together with necrotizing enterocolitis, alterations in intestinal motility, and chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, with 4 cases each (12.9 %). The first reason for the indication was short-bowel syndrome in both children (51.6 %) and adults (37.3 %). The most used type of catheter was tunnelled both in children (75.9 %) and in adults (40.8 %). Sixty-eight episodes ended, all in adults, and the most frequent cause was death (54.4 %); 38.2 % were switched to oral. Conclusions: the number of collaborating centers and professionals in the NADYA registry is increasing. The main indications and reasons for HPN termination remain stable.Objetivo: comunicar los datos de nutrición parenteral domiciliaria (NPD) obtenidos del registro del grupo NADYA-SENPE (www.nadya-senpe.com) del año 2019. Material y métodos: análisis descriptivo de los datos recogidos de pacientes adultos y pediátricos con NPD en el registro NADYA-SENPE desde el 1 de enero al 31 de diciembre de 2019. Resultados: se registraron 283 pacientes (51,9 %, mujeres), 31 niños y 252 adultos procedentes de 47 hospitales españoles, lo que representa una tasa de prevalencia de 6,01 pacientes/millón de habitantes/año 2019. El diagnóstico más frecuente en los adultos fue “oncológico paliativo” y “otros” (21,0 %). En los niños fue la enfermedad de Hirschsprung junto a la enterocolitis necrotizante, las alteraciones de la motilidad intestinal y la pseudoobstrucción intestinal crónica, con 4 casos cada uno (12,9 %). El primer motivo de indicación fue el síndrome del intestino corto tanto en los niños (51,6 %) como en los adultos (37,3 %). El tipo de catéter más utilizado fue el tunelizado tanto en los niños (75,9 %) como en los adultos (40,8 %). Finalizaron 68 episodios, todos en adultos: la causa más frecuente fue el fallecimiento (54,4 %). Pasaron a la vía oral el 38,2 %. Conclusiones: el número de centros y profesionales colaboradores con el registro NADYA va incrementándose. Se mantienen estables las principales indicaciones y los motivos de finalización de la NPD.

To assess whether a healthy dietary pattern or physical activity after bariatric surgery mediates the effects of surgery on weight loss, the quality of life, or food tolerance. A prospective observational study conducted in the context of a randomized controlled trial. We assessed the extent to which increasing or decreasing adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet)—assessed by MEDAS (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener)—and of increasing or decreasing physical activity (PA)—assessed with the Short Questionnaire of International PA (IPAQ-Short Q)—after bariatric surgery affected changes in weight, body mass index (BMI), quality of life (Moorehead-Arlet Questionnaire), and food tolerance (Suter test). Assessments were recorded at baseline and quarterly up to 12 months of surgery. Seventy-eight morbidly obese participants undergoing bariatric surgery were assessed up to 1 year after surgery. Those individuals who increased adherence to MedDiet showed a significantly higher mean of total weight loss percentage than those who decreased or maintained their adherence during follow-up: 37.6% (35.5–39.8) versus 34.1% (31.8–36.5) (p = 0.036). No significant differences were observed in changes in weight or BMI comparing individuals who increased their PA versus those who maintained or decreased PA, nor in quality of life or food tolerance between those individuals who increased versus those who decreased adherence to MedDiet or PA during the follow-up. After bariatric surgery, morbidly obese subjects present greater weight loss if they adhere to the MedDiet. PA after surgery is not associated with the magnitude of weight loss nor the quality of life and tolerance to diet.

Determining the best indicator to report weight loss takes on special relevance following bariatric surgery. Our objective is to apply a method proposed by Baltasar et al. to express weight loss results following bariatric surgery. Anthropometric data were collected from 265 patients who had undergone Sleeve gastrectomy (SG, n = 172) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP, n = 93) with a 2-year follow-up period. Initial BMI was calculated as well as BMI 2 years after, percentage of excess BMI loss (PEBMIL), expected BMI (EBMI), and corrected PEBMIL. In SG group, average BMI 2 years after surgery fell within a 95 % CI of expected BMI, with an average BMI of 31.58 ± 4.05 kg/m2 in 35–45 BMI group, an average BMI of 33.62 ± 4.96 kg/m2 in 45–55 BMI group, and an average BMI of 37.40 ± 5.93 kg/m2 in 55–65 BMI group. In RYGBP group, average BMI 2 years after the surgery was below than average expected BMI (28.76 ± 3.20 kg/m2 in 35–45 BMI group and 29.71 ± 3.30 kg/m2 in 45–55 BMI group). Results are considered excellent for the group with an initial BMI of above 45 kg/m2. EBMI is a good weight loss indicator, mainly when 95 % CI is taken into account. EBMI is consistent with the results obtained 2 years after surgery in our patients who underwent SG and RYGBP. Corrected PEBMIL is a good indicator for expressing the percentage of BMI loss and offers more realistic values than conventional formula with a cut-off point of 25 points.

To assess which type of preoperative dietary strategy is most effective in reducing liver volume and assessing its influence on different biochemical parameters and on surgical complications in individuals undergoing bariatric surgery.Parallel randomized trial comparing the effect of a very low calorie diet (VLCD) and a low calorie diet (LCD) for a period of 21 days before surgery on hepatic volume, anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Compliance and tolerance to the diets, surgical complications, and hospital stay were also determined.Eighty-six morbid obese participants undergoing bariatric surgery were randomized. The hepatic volume was significantly reduced in both intervention groups, but no differences in changes between groups were detected. The reduction in the hepatic volume was higher in those patients with a baseline hepatic volume 3 L compared to those with 3 L (adjusted P value 0.001). The percentages of total weight lost were 5.8 and 4.2% (adjusted P value = 0.004) for participants on the VLCD and LCD, respectively. There were no differences between groups for any of the biochemical parameters analyzed, nor in the number of surgical complications nor the length of hospital stay. Adherence to the diet was good; nevertheless, participants in the VLCD intervention showed worse tolerance.In subjects with morbid obesity undergoing bariatric surgery, compared to a LCD, a preoperative 21-day intervention with VLCD is more effective in terms of reducing total body weight but not in terms of reducing the liver volume. Both types of preoperative diets have similar effects on clinical biochemical parameters, rate of surgical complications, and hospital length stay.

the administration of enteral nutrition by gravity is a very useful method in clinical practice; nevertheless, it may not be very precise. Indeed, this method presents some important limitations, such as the difficulty in establishing a precise dripping rate and the possibility for the dripping rate decrease depending on the formula.assess the administration time and the risk of clogging of 5 fiber-enriched enteral nutrition formulas with different protein concentrations and caloric density, all administered by gravity through nasogastric (NG) tubes of different sizes. Assess the influence of the composition on the dripping rate, by gravity, of the tested formulas.5 fiber-enriched EN formulas were compared by using nasogastric tubes of the calibers 8, 10 and 12 Fr. The fluidity of these gravity-administered NE formulas was estimated by timing the complete passage of each formula at full speed, thus allowing one to calculate the mean time of free fall (MTFF) and to register any possible obstruction. Subsequently, an in vitro simulation of a 1 500 ml administration was performed for each formula at a particular speed, so that the administration time was 5 hours. Slowing flow and stagnated flow were detected as indicators of the risk of obstruction.the two products that especially differed in MTFF were the ones with the highest energy concentration. The passage time in free fall of these two products through the 8 Fr tube exceeded four hours. For the rest of the products and NG tubes used, this time was less than 2 hours and 5 minutes. No slowing flow or tube obstruction was detected in free fall and at maximum speed. When the dripping was adjusted to be administered in 5 hours, three of the studied products (those with the least caloric concentration and viscosity) showed slowing flow and, in some cases, the dripping stopped completely. The most important factor associated to the MTFF was the lipid content, followed by viscosity, energy and protein content. The MTFF measured was not significantly related to the fiber content of the nutritional formula.all studied products can be administered by gravity via nasogastric tubes in free fall without any risk of obstruction, even though the free fall time was very variable. The lowest caliber tubes, the highest energy content and the viscosity of the EN mixture turn-out to be the limiting factors when fiber-enriched formulas are to be administered by gravity.Introducción: la administración de nutrición enteral por gravedad es un método de administración muy útil en la práctica clínica, pero a la vez muy poco preciso y que presenta unas limitaciones importantes, como la dificultad a la hora de establecer una velocidad de goteo precisa y la probabilidad de enlentecimiento del goteo según la fórmula administrada. Objetivos: evaluar el tiempo de paso de caída libre y el riesgo de obturación de cinco fórmulas de nutrición enteral ricas en fibra con diferente concentración proteica y densidad calórica, administradas por gravedad a través de sondas nasogástricas (SNG) de diferentes calibres. Valorar la influencia de la composición en la velocidad de paso por gravedad de las fórmulas estudiadas. Métodos: se compararon cinco fórmulas de NE ricas en fibra de distintos tipos y se utilizaron SNG con un calibre de 8, 10 y 12 Fr. La fluidez de las fórmulas de NE por gravedad se estimó cronometrando el tiempo de paso de cada fórmula a máxima velocidad y se calculó el tiempo medio de caída libre (TMCL), registrándose las posibles obturaciones. Posteriormente se realizó una simulación in vitro de la administración de 1.500 ml de cada una de las fórmulas a una velocidad determinada para que el producto pasara en cinco horas. Se registró el enlentecimiento y la detención del paso como indicadores de riesgo de obturación. Resultados: los dos productos que con diferencia presentaron un mayor TMCL fueron los productos de mayor concentración energética. El tiempo de paso en caída libre de estos dos productos a través de la sonda de 8 Fr superó las cuatro horas. Para el resto de los productos y SNG utilizadas el tiempo fue inferior a dos horas y cinco minutos. No se detectó enlentecimiento del paso ni obturación de la sonda en ningún caso cuando se determinó el tiempo de caída libre a máxima velocidad. Cuando se ajustó la velocidad para que el producto pasara en cinco horas, en tres de los productos estudiados (los de menor concentración calórica y viscosidad) se observó enlentecimiento del goteo y, en algunos casos, el goteo se detuvo totalmente. El factor que se relacionó de forma más importante con el TMCL fue el contenido en lípidos, seguido de la viscosidad, la concentración calórica y el contenido en proteínas. El TMCL no se relacionó significativamente con la presencia de fibra en la mezcla nutricional. Conclusiones: todos los productos estudiados pueden administrarse por gravedad a través de sondas nasogástricas en caída libre sin riesgo de obturación, aunque el tiempo de caída libre es muy variable. El menor calibre de las sondas, la mayor concentración calórica y la viscosidad de la mezcla de nutrición enteral son factores limitantes cuando administramos por gravedad fórmulas ricas en fibra.

Hom parenteral nutrition (HPN) is a nutritional support modality that allows for the supply of parenteral nutrition bags to the patient's home. Since its first use in the late 60s, this therapy has allowed maintaining patients with intestinal failure alive that previously were doomed to death. In our country, this therapy is used by 2.15 patients pmp. According to the NADYA data, catheter-related infections account for 50% of all HPN-related complications. In larger series, infection rates are 0.5-2 infections/1000 days or 0.3-0.5 infections/patient/year. Most of them are produced by gram-positive organisms that migrate from the skin or from catheter connections to the tip. These infections are diagnosed by means of clinical data and with different microbiological cultures. When treating these infections, it is important to keep the catheter in place, and administering antibiotics through it, conventionally or with the antibioticolade technique.

One of the most frequent complications of home parenteral nutrition is parenteral nutrition catheter infection. Prevention of these complications by adequate protocols on the catheter cares manages to decrease significantly the number of infections. Diagnosis and treatment of these infections should be done early to avoid loss of central venous accesses that may affect the treatment with this nutritional support modality in the long term. The existence of a protocol for the diagnosis and treatment of infections related with the catheter is, thus, of great value in the treatment of these patients.