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En 1387, el papa aviñonense Clemente VII promulgó tres décimas pontificias en la Corona de Aragón que debían servir para sufragar los gastos que ocasionaban las revueltas en Cerdeña. Parte de la colecta se destinó al rey aragonés Juan I que acaba de acceder al trono tras la muerte de su padre. Se desmarcaba así de su predecesor, quien se había incautado durante nueve años de las rentas de la Cámara Apostólica. En este artículo se estudia el retorno a la obediencia de Juan I y la reinstauración progresiva del aparato fiscal y financiero pontificio en la Corona de Aragón a través de la recaudación y gestión del tributo de la décima papal. Pope Clement VII of Avignon promulgated in 1387 three papal tithes in the Crown of Aragon in order to support the expenses caused by the riots in Sardinia. Part of the takings were destined to the Aragonese King John I, who had just acceded to the throne. With this action, King John I dissociated himself from the previous king – his father, who had appropriated the income of the Apostolic Chamber for nine years. This article studies the return of John I to the obedience, the progressive reestablishment of the pontifical fiscal system and the financial structure in the Crown of Aragon through the collection and management of the tribute taken by the papal tithes.

[ES] El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar la riqueza y la desigualdad socioeconómica del clero zaragozano a través de las fuentes fiscales durante la Baja Edad Media. Mediante el análisis de los libros de décimas pontificias conservados en el Archivo de la Corona de Aragón y en el Archivo Apostólico Vaticano es posible documentar la tasa contributiva de los clérigos aragoneses, en general, y de los zaragozanos, en particular. En concreto, a través de un estudio cronológico amplio, se puede definir la estructura y la jerarquía de la Iglesia zaragozana, comprobar cómo evolucionó la riqueza de los eclesiásticos y cómo afectaron a este grupo heterogéneo las diferentes coyunturas económicas que se produjeron en la Corona de Aragón a finales de la época medieval., [EN] The aim of this article is to study the socioeconomic wealth and inequality of the Saragossan clergy during the Late Middle Ages through tax sources. An analysis of the pontifical tithe registers preserved in the Archive of the Crown of Aragon and the Vatican Apostolic Archive makes it possible to document the tax contribution of the Aragonese clergy in general, and of Saragossa’s ecclesiastics in particular. Specifically, by means of a broad chronological study, we can define the structure and hierarchy of the Church of Saragossa, how the wealth of the ecclesiastics evolved and how the different economic circumstances that existed under the Crown of Aragon during the Late Middle Ages affected this heterogeneous group.

[EN] This paper focuses on money-changers, owners of private money-changing tables (taules de canvi) in Catalonia between approximately 1280 and 1400. It places them among the group of financial agents (especially with regard to public administrations), and it stresses the particularities of the institutions ruled by them, true private banks. Additionally, it includes a first census of over a hundred bankers documented in the Principality of Catalonia during the aforementioned period. Besides remarking some of their shared characteristics, the paper also presents several approaches to conduct in-depth studies of this group., [CA] Aquest article se centra en la figura dels canviadors o titulars de taules de canvi privades en la Catalunya del període comprès entre aproximadament 1280 i 1400. Se’ls situa dins del conjunt d’agents dels mercats financers (en especial en relació amb les administracions públiques) i es ressalten les especificats dels establiments que regien, autèntiques banques privades. Així mateix, es presenta un primer cens del centenar llarg de professionals del sector que es documenta al principat durant l’època esmentada. I, a part de comentar-ne trets comuns, s’exposen diversos plantejaments de cara a aprofundir en l’estudi del col·lectiu., Aquest treball s’ha elaborat en el marc del projecte “Financieros al servicio del poder en la Corona de Aragón (s. XIV-XV): Métodos, agentes, redes (HAR2011-24839)” finançat pel Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad i del grup de recerca consolidat “Renda feudal i fiscalitat a la Catalunya baixmedieval” (2014 SGR 1154) del Comissionat per a Universitats i Recerca de la Generalitat de Catalunya.

[IT] Il presente studio ha lo scopo di sistematizzare le varie forme di contribuzione ecclesiastica a favore dei sovrani della Corona d’Aragona durante il basso Medioevo. Non c’è dubbio che gli ecclesiastici, così come ogni altro stamento o gruppo sociale, subissero le pressanti richieste della monarchia quando si trattava di partecipare alle contribuzioni fiscali. Molte di esse erano contemplate nella legislazione canonica e civile; altre, invece, si situavano al limite delle stess e, in alcuni casi, addirittura travalicavano la normativa. Questa realtà crescente si osserva perfettamente nella Corona d’Aragona durante il XIV secolo e agli inizi del XV, un momento in cui la contribuzione della Chiesa raggiunse il suo culmine rispetto ai periodi anteriori., [EN] The present study aims to analyze the different ways of ecclesiastical contribution to the king in the Crown of Aragon during the late Middle Ages. Church, like every other social group or state, was pressed by the monarchy in order to participate in the tax demands. Many of those contributions were included in regulations established by the papacy or by the civil legislation; others, however, were at the limit of these regulations or, in some cases, exceeded them. This increasing reality is perfectly observed in the Crown of Aragon during the 14th century and at the beginning of the 15th century, a time when the contribution of the Church overreached the limits set by previous periods.