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The private rental market is a key provider of housing to forced migrants. This paper examines qualitative data from case study research in rapidly urbanizing towns in the Biqa' Valley, Lebanon, focusing on Syrian forced migrants' efforts to access housing through the local private rental sector. Building on literature about landlord–tenant relations and anthropological work on kin, I argue that rental agreements ought to be understood as both financial and social arrangements, which involve family members, landlords and middlemen (shaweesh) in complex rental ecologies. I find that young Syrians are caught up in evolving financial and social obligations, which make inhabitation possible, but which perpetuate gendered and xenophobic forms of dispossession. I argue that humanitarian and development actors advocating for the right of forced migrants to settle in urban areas ought to avoid perpetuating reliance on an inequitable private rental sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article develops the concept of housing ideology in order to analyze the rise of co-living. Housing ideology refers to the dominant ideas and knowledge about housing that are used to justify and legitimize the housing system and its place within the broader political economy. Co-living is the term for privately operated, for-profit multiple occupancy rental housing. The article argues that the rise of co-living is supported by four key ideological elements—corporate futurism, technocratic urbanism, market populism and curated collectivism—which serve to legitimize co-living within the housing system and enable its profitability. The ideology of co-living appears to critique many elements of the contemporary urban housing system. But despite its critical self-image, co-living does not represent an alternative to today's financialized urbanization. Ultimately, the article argues for the importance of understanding the role of housing ideologies in residential change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article traces trends of income inequality in Mexico City from 1770 to 1930 by measuring the gaps between urban real estate rents and unskilled wages. The article presents the first long‐term series of real estate values and rental income for Mexico. One series summarizes the price of an apartment in tenement housing (the prevalent type of popular housing in Mexico), while the other relies on newspaper ads, notarial records, and other sources to estimate property values and rental yield (rental revenue relative to property values). From these wage and rental income series, we calculate rental–wage ratios that are broadly representative of the income gaps between the wealthy and unskilled workers. We find that, at the end of the eighteenth century, inequality moderately increased, followed by a more egalitarian period in the first half of the nineteenth century, and a ballooning in the last quarter of the nineteenth century that persisted into 1930. While inequality receded after the insurrection in the 1810s, it remained high after the Mexican Revolution. We hypothesize that inequality was sensitive to economic growth, and that generalized violence did not universally temper inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the principle-agency problem between landlords and real estate agents using novel data on rental contracts. Real estate agents are found to obtain higher contract rents by approximately 1% more for themselves (and family members) than for other landlords, which is economically small. The results suggest that the principle-agency program with real estate agents is less of a concern in the rental market than the ownership market. The reason potentially relates to the commission structure, the relatively low effort associated with finding a tenant, the landlord's ability to evaluate an agent's performance, and reputation concerns from repeated interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the narratives and traditions that converged in the debates that raged in the House of Commons in response to the UK government's controversial proposals for planning reform in 2020. Using decentred theory, it is argued that planning is essentially decentred in that it has no essence, no fixed core beyond a general concern with the relationships between town and country, central and local government, economic development and the environment, private property and community, individual freedom and state power. This means that English planning comprises a web of contradictory traditions that can be articulated in service of various agendas. The analysis explores how the traditions in planning were interpreted through and reframed by various ideological traditions in the Conservative Party to legitimise different arguments concerning the desirability, or otherwise, of housebuilding and how planning should govern new housing development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polityka Spoleczna is the property of Institute of Labour & Social / Instytut Pracy i Spraw Socjalnych and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper advocates for a greater emphasis on supply sided concepts such as the rent gap in the empirical operationalizations of gentrification. It provides a novel framework to identify rental‐sector gentrification areas through index construction by drawing on insights from the gentrification, rent gap, price index and hedonic regression literatures. The approach is highly adaptable to a variety of regulatory contexts and other housing market idiosyncrasies through the design of the underlying regression model. Drawing on data from the city of Vienna, local rent changes and their relationship to price‐effective transformations of the rental housing supply are quantified. After computing the respective indices, bivariate mapping is utilized to identify potential gentrification areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite research on shantytown redevelopment highlighting socio‐spatial exclusion, the viewpoint frequently disseminated through social media depicts it as a massive wealth‐creation movement in China. This paper intends to provide evidence that evicted residents of a shantytown in Nanjing, China, share a common identity with the encroaching gentrifiers – the housing class. By shaping the housing class, an increasing number of urban residents become micro‐agents of housing financialization, allowing the rent gap to be frequently opened even without producing a 'higher and better' space. This enables capital to circulate and accumulate within a broader temporal and spatial scope. However, both the class imagination of the housing class and the financial speculation in the housing market are based on the expectation of continuous price growth. This is unsustainable and leaves the real housing needs out of the housing market, which is detrimental to housing equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This theoretical study delves into the dynamics of housing submarkets with the framework of Marxian land rents. It examines the relationship between residential spaces and the reproduction of labour power in terms of commuting and the differentiated quality of reproduction by submarket. This study shows that the differentiation process of venturing to create distinct spaces for surplus profit and the emulation process of copycatting spaces of higher rents consequently form multiple housing submarkets, each characterised by different land rents of monopoly, intra‐differential rent (intra‐DR) and inter‐differential rent (inter‐DR). The coexistence of these multiple layers of land rents, in turn, becomes a driving force propelling dynamic capital movements that seek to exploit rent gaps between the layers. To illustrate these concepts, the study reviews the case of high‐rise mixed‐use residential developments in Seoul, highlighting the dual dynamic processes through which land rents are pursued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Housing has long been the quintessential rentier asset. But under financialized capitalism its enrolment into accumulation dynamics has greatly intensified. As investors increasingly turn to residential real estate in search of corporate rents, the logic of assetization is reaching novel locations in the housing process – extending to new scales, metrics and micro-morphologies. This paper argues one such novel location is that most intimate and familiar of places: the bed. Bringing together constructivist and political economy approaches to assets and drawing on the empirical case of co-living, the bed is identified as both a technical tool for projecting and enhancing income from real estate, and a strategy for de-risking investments by hyper-focusing on the necessities of life. Reducing domestic space to a technology for bare repose, bed-as-asset offers key insights into how the rhythms of housing are being harmonized with the needs of investors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the emergence of short-term rentals (STR) in Buenos Aires, a phenomenon that has been little explored in Latin America. We argue that STR are a flexible modality of real estate rent which accelerates the turnover of capital and mobilizes it globally through new transnational financial instruments, while, at the local level, it reinforces the problems of access to housing. Using data gathered from Airbnb listings, interviews with key stakeholders, and government sources, three main dimensions of the phenomenon in Buenos Aires are analyzed: sociourban effects, the emergence of new actors in the urban rental chain, and the role of the state in the proliferation of short-term lets. Among the main findings, we observed that (a) this rental model reproduces and deepens socio-territorial inequalities; (b) the STR have given rise to new and renewed actors -national and transnational- in the chain of real estate rent extraction in Buenos Aires; and (c) the local state has contributed -by action and omission- to the deployment of STR, avoiding the negative effects on local residents' access to rental housing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

„Generation rent” is a relatively new phenomenon in terms of sociological interest. The expression first came to relevance in the United Kingdom in the 2010s, and it refers to the fact that the younger generation lives in rented accommodation to a much greater extent and for much longer than members of the previous generations. In this study I present the origin and the short history of the the scientific term „generation rent”. In addition, I will attempt to review and provide an interpretation of how and why „generation rent” as a phenomenon originally appeared in the United Kingdom, where it first became the focus of academic interest, and how does it relate to Hungary, where a very similar phenomenon started to appear in the recent years. In this paper I'm attempting to show the main mechanisms that can lead to the formation of ‚generation rent’ and how they differed from the United Kingdom in Hungary while still led to a very simmilar outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between housing and immigration has become relevant in the U.S., especially in a highly populated metropolis such as New York City. Determining whether immigration status affects housing variables such as home ownership, rent, or housing cost could help understand the quality of life of NYC residents. Graphical exploration and spatial dependence tests of housing and immigration variables provide some insights about their relationships. Our exploration takes place at the borough and the sub-borough level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study uses a quantitative methodological approach with geographically weighted regressions to address the phenomenon of investification in the Greater Santiago rental market. Using the collection and analysis of transaction data and urban indicators, the location patterns of residential investments are explored for specific urban functions at the census tract level. The analysis reveals that proximity to higher education institutions, stability in rental prices, and the presence of older adults are determining factors in the selection of investment properties. These findings evidence the transformation of the urban landscape as rental spaces for capital and highlight the growing socio-spatial segmentation, thus underlining the need for regulations that address the implications of investification in the urban dynamics of Greater Santiago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chonsei, a Korean housing lease system, enables landlords to acquire direct housing purchase funds without mortgages and offers tenants a cost-effective rental option. However, public concerns have arisen about potential landlord defaults, causing financial distress for tenants. This study examined the risk of non-return of the Chonsei deposit and developed a default prediction model using Chonsei contract data from the Korea Housing and Urban Guarantee Corporation. Starting with the components from Merton's bond pricing model, we included variables that reflect contract-specific factors, macroeconomic conditions, and the Korean Chonsei practices. The findings revealed that higher house price volatility, elevated debt-to-house value, and risk-free interest rates positively correlate with non-return risk. Meanwhile, certain factors, such as longer remaining maturity, favorable macroeconomic conditions, and rising market Chonsei price trends, demonstrated negative correlations with non-return risk. Consequently, a logistic regression-based default prediction model, with eight risk factors that predict the deposit non-return, was suggested. By identifying risk factors and predicting the non-return risk of deposits, this study contributes to an informed policy decision in planning and practicing Chonsei contracts in the Korean housing market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article tackles the ever-present problem of housing affordability in Poland and tries to answer the question of how housing affordability in Poland changed in 2016-2022 in the context of the housing policy implemented by the state, and what instruments the public authorities can use to increase this affordability in the future. For this purpose, the current state of the indicators of housing affordability for ownership, for rent and in terms of the cost of living is presented. A review of housing policy programmes in Poland in 2016-2022 is followed by the identification of the main housing policy goals that should be implemented at the central level. First and foremost, the focus is on the goals of the National Housing Programme, which are expected to be realised by the end of 2030, according to the assumptions. Finally, recommendations for Polish housing policy and ideas for counteracting the problem of housing affordability in Poland are indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholarly work on rent burden, a rather scantily discussed topic within the broader realm of declining housing affordability, still lacks a firm theory. This article seeks to address this gap by developing a typology of U.S. metropolises which centers on their rent burden status and serves as an initial step toward theory building. We employ principal component and cluster analyses to identify seven distinct types of metropolises and their potential drivers of rent burden. An examination of these seven types suggests that rent burden has spatial randomness to it, since some metropolises in the seven types do not confine to specific geographies. Metropolises with pronounced specializations in education/medicine, information, and arts, recreation, and entertainment exhibit higher rent burden, whereas older Rust Belt metropolises have lower burden. Interestingly, emerging new-economy metropolises exhibit lower rent burden as well, likely reflecting the benefits of newer housing and a diverse economic base. Finally, rent burden, besides being an outcome of the housing demand/supply mismatch, is also a manifestation of income potentials that are affected in complex ways by local labor markets and regional economic specializations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the challenge of establishing community control of real estate development plans in Los Angeles, California to ensure that such development occurs with the needs of the local community front and center. Topics include a severe housing crisis faced by the city, the percentage of Los Angeles residents who are burdened by the increasing rent in the city, and arguments on creating community benefits ordinance for a real estate development process.

This article discusses the word gentrification, identifies its origin and questions the abusive extension of this notion by covering what would be essential to urbanization, normalizing the positivity of urban improvement and generalizing what would be a typical phenomenon in the city of London. Remember the analysis carried out by Engels (1873) who spoke of Hausmann's "method" to describe the segregation and the transformation urban of Paris as results of the reproduction of capital in the construction industry. It analyzes why in the real estate-financial economy of the 21st century, the production of space has become much more significant and how the neoliberal orientation of planning prioritizes corporate urbanism, trivializes urban struggle and integrates local and global processes with rentierism. Criticizes the notion of gentrification as an insufficient denunciation, proposing the development of the theory of the value and the land rent for a more coherent defense of the right to the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last decade, Greater Manchester's city-regional centre has become an important site for build to rent (BTR) housing development in the UK. The growth of this new tenure raises important empirical and conceptual questions about how far and through what means BTR has extended in post-industrial cities like Manchester, as well as how to theorise the global–local relations involved in BTR development. Drawing on a self-built database of 155 development projects incorporating 45,069 new housing units, we show that new-build BTR units have outpaced 'build to sell' (BTS) units almost two to one in Manchester's city-regional centre since 2012. We also found stronger international investment in BTR relative to BTS, illustrating BTR's more globalised and financialised form. Our paper understands BTR growth in Manchester as the outcome of a transcalar territorial network – an assemblage of national policy objectives, local state actors' urban regeneration activity and heterogenous global investor groups with different priorities all seeking a return. We highlight the important role of national and local state subsidies and local authority joint ventures in constructing a territory conducive for BTR investment in Manchester. We also show how the fungibility of BTR assets as a 'networked product' widens the investment appeal of the tenure type, broadening and deepening housing financialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses survey data to estimate non‐cash income from imputed rents, using a consistent methodology for all countries to assemble comparable statistics that allow for a valid inter‐country comparison. We can confirm a significant impact of non‐cash income and find an inequality‐decreasing effect for the unconditional income distribution which highly correlates with the proportion of owner‐occupiers in the respective countries. However, aggregated inequality measures are not suited to analyze the increase in the conditional income inequality between owner‐occupiers and renters, who do not obtain income from imputed rents by definition. Therefore, we apply a reweighting decomposition that controls for the heterogeneous housing characteristics among European countries and allows us to decompose the distributional changes into a part that is explained by the proportion of tenure types and household size and a remaining part that reflects the relative dispersion of imputed rents along the income distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Catalana de Dret Públic is the property of Revista Catalana de Dret Public and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The federal government allocated an unprecedented level of funding to develop emergency rental assistance programs to help vulnerable low-income renter households remain housed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using panel data from two waves of applicant surveys joined with administrative data, this article analyzes the impact of Phase 1 of the City of Philadelphia's COVID-19 Emergency Rental Assistance Program and asks how emergency rental assistance affected households in their rent arrears, rent-related debt, and mental health. Analysis shows that receiving emergency rental assistance was associated with lower arrears, a lower probability of rent-related debt, and a lower probability of experiencing frequent debilitating anxiety. The findings suggest that the initial rent relief provided crucial support for households in terms of financial and mental well-being but also underscore that housing affordability challenges that predated the pandemic cannot be addressed by an emergency rental assistance program created in response to a pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a Blueprint for a Renter Bill of Rights released by U.S. President Joe Biden's administration which provides statistics on the state of the U.S. rental market. Topics include an increase in the average rents in the country from February 2021 to 2022 cited in the document and a set of principles to drive action by federal government, state and local partners and the private sector laid out in the blueprint to strengthen tenant protection and encourage rental affordability.

This paper presents the importance of the visual expression of factor decomposition in regression analysis, which is particularly worthwhile for undergraduate students whose majors are not mathematics but social science. The conventional purpose of regression analysis is to examine specific hypotheses empirically. In particular, the statistical significance of the explanatory variable was tested, which may have been difficult for many students to understand mathematically. To remedy this, factor decomposition is introduced in the same way that human body composition is broken down into water, fat, and muscle. As an illustrative example, multiple regression was applied to the determinants of housing rents in Japan. The explanatory variables were the living area, building age, and walking time from the nearest station. The findings suggest that, with the help of visual expression, a student can easily appreciate which variable significantly affects housing rents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent successes of populist radical right (PRR) parties have caused major upheavals across European political landscapes. Yet, the roots of their rising popularity continue to be widely debated. We contribute to these debates by advancing a thus far underexplored argument of rising rent burden as key to understanding contemporary PRR vote and nativist attitudes. Rising rents lie at the heart of growing concerns related to housing (un)affordability and (over)burden across Western democracies, directly affecting the economic and social well-being of substantial numbers of citizens. PRR parties, we argue, stand to gain from politicizing such concerns in distinct economic and nativist terms, especially amidst challenges like the European refugee crisis, which provoked an urgent need to house unprecedented inflows of refugees. Drawing on individual-level panel data from Germany, we uncover a strong relationship between rising rents, PRR vote, and hostile attitudes toward refugees. In calling attention to rising rents, our study adds important insights into scholarship on the politics of housing markets not only from the perspective of home ownership and housing assets, but also rents. In so doing, we also refine understandings of the conditions under which economic factors shape PRR support [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Housing is the most important durable good consumed by households. This paper assesses the distributional effects of including the value of the flow of dwelling's services consumed by households with respect to the case where such value is excluded, testing different estimation methods in four developing countries. Including rental values leads to statistically significant and sizable changes in indicators of poverty and inequality that might also determine an international reranking of countries. This paper advances for the first time a step-by-step guide to the estimation of rental values, using information typically available in household surveys. As housing gains importance with the level of development of countries, accounting for rental values becomes significant in antipoverty programs, which need accurate information to minimize errors of inclusion and exclusion and the potential waste of scarce public resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) policies and state mandates on housing and health outcomes in Chicago, Illinois. Topics discussed include the social determinants of health such as economic stability, education, and built environments, the financial challenges faced by low-income families during the COVID-19 pandemic with regard to employment and rent, and the connection between housing instability and reduced level of psychological well-being.

There is a growing debate about whether new housing units increase rents for immediately surrounding apartments. Some argue new market-rate development produces a supply effect, which should alleviate the demand pressure on existing housing units and decrease their rents. Others contend that new development will attract high-income households and new amenities, generating an amenity effect and driving up rents. I contribute to this debate by estimating the impact of new high-rises on nearby residential rents, residential property sales prices and restaurant openings in New York City. To address the selection bias that developers are more likely to build new high-rises in fast-appreciating areas, I restrict the sample to residential properties near approved new high-rises and exploit the plausibly exogenous timing of completion conditional upon the timing of approval. I provide event study evidence that within 500 ft, for every 10% increase in the housing stock, rents decrease by 1%; and for every 10% increase in the condo stock, condo sales prices decrease by 0.9%. In addition, I show that new high-rises attract new restaurants, which is consistent with the hypothesis about amenity effects. However, I find that the supply effect dominates the amenity effect, causing net reductions in the rents and sales prices of nearby residential properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economic and social crisis faced by Venezuela since 2013 has led to a massive migration of its population to neighbouring countries, with Colombia being the nation that has been the most impacted. This paper estimates the impact of Venezuelan immigration on housing rents in Colombia's main cities. Using a repeated cross-section data of Colombian households between 2013 and 2019, along with an instrumental variables approach, this study finds that a 1% increase in the proportion of Venezuelan immigrants to residents in the main cities in Colombia raises housing rents, on average, by about 1.25%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rising rents play an important role in the displacement of residents through gentrification processes in Germany. Applying an interactionist approach and conceptualising gentrification as an emergent phenomenon that results from an interaction process, we explore how residents of the gentrifying district Altona-Altstadt in Hamburg deal with situations of rent increases. Four strategies emerge: de-problematisation, unwilling consent, changing the field of action and confrontational rejection. Using an interpretive analysis and the concept of the 'moral economies of housing', we investigate the normative and strategic conditions of these strategies and how they contribute to or counteract housing-related displacement. This analysis contributes to qualitative research on how residents experience gentrification and negotiate situations relevant to displacement, and, thereby, to the exploration of power in the tenant–landlord relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cities and States across the United States are facing unprecedented housing challenges in the form of large rental price increases, short supply of housing units, and rising evictions. Policymakers are in need of new tools to address the ongoing housing crisis. In 2021, the City of Albany, NY, enacted the very first "Good Cause Eviction Law" in New York State. In doing so, Albany now prohibits evictions unless the landlord can show a "good cause," as defined in the law. As the first jurisdiction in the state to enact this law, Albany's model will be-and already has been- looked to as a guide for other municipalities and housing advocates around the state and nation. This essay compares Albany's law to other good cause laws around the United States and highlights the unique and important contributions of each of those laws. Then, the essay proposes a new model that builds on the traditional good cause scheme but offers stronger and more intuitive protections, and addresses criticisms of both traditional good cause and the new approach proposed here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]