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1. Climate and lake development history in the south of West Siberia

Author

D. Gavrilov, Mineralogy Sb Ras, Prospekt Ak. Koptyuga , Novosibirsk, Russia, Natalia Rudaya, S. Krivonogov, Novosibirsk, Russia, and Snezhana Zhilich

Subjects
Palynology, Biogeochemical cycle, biology, Climate change, Sapropel, biology.organism_classification, law.invention, law, Ostracod, Physical geography, Radiocarbon dating, Transect, Holocene, Geology
Abstract

There is a huge number of small lakes in south of West Siberia and such lakes are very useful local for climate and environmental reconstructions. The previously studied objects in the area are mostly peat-bogs and geologic sections; the lake history and natural interactions between paleoenvironmental and climate changes in the region are understudied. Here we present results of multiproxy investigation of three lakes located in different parts of the Baraba forest-steppe region along a 300km north-south transect: Bolshie Toroki, Chany (Yarkov subbasin), and Malye Chany. Vibrational drilling technology method was used to recover undisturbed columns of lake sediments and penetrate to non-lacustrine substrata. The obtained cores were investigated basically by sedimentological and palynological analyses (with the reconstruction of vegetational cover) and radiocarbon dating, additionally we used other paleontological (diatom, ostracod, chironomid analyses), geophysical, and biogeochemical methods to obtain information about environmental and climate changes, as well as lake level, biotic, ecosystem, and geochemical changes. This and our previous studies showed complicated picture of lake evolution histories and climate change in the south of West Siberia. According to our data most of investigated lakes (Chany, Malye Chany, Beloye, Minzelinskoye, Bolshie Toroki, and Kirek) are very young and started to form in the middle Holocene or later as marshy lowland with peaty sediments. Then they became deeper with mostly sapropel sediments.

Published
2020
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2. A global database of Holocene paleotemperature records

Author

Marcela Sandra Tonello, Vincent Montade, Walter Finsinger, Karen J. Taylor, Manuel Chevalier, Isabelle Larocque-Tobler, Philipp Sommer, Nicholas P. McKay, Mateusz Płóciennik, Snezhana Zhilich, David F. Porinchu, Andrei Andreev, Markus Heinrichs, Tomi P. Luoto, Elena A. Ilyashuk, Anson W. Mackay, Deborah Khider, Stephen J. Roberts, Cody C. Routson, Les C. Cwynar, Samuel L Jaccard, Naomi Holmes, Kira Rehfeld, Aaron P. Potito, Emma J. Pearson, Steve Juggins, Anais Orsi, Louise C. Foster, Angela Self, Sakari Salonen, Basil A. S. Davis, Boris K. Biskaborn, Christoph Dätwyler, Sebastien Bertrand, Anne de Vernal, Jeannine Marie St-Jacques, Angelica Feurdean, Janet M. Wilmshurst, Lukas Jonkers, Heikki Seppä, Stephen J. Brooks, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Sonja Hausmann, Peter G. Langdon, Steven B. Malevich, Larisa Nazarova, Shyhrete Shala, Enikö Magyari, Matthew Peros, Scott A. Reinemann, Krystyna M. Saunders, Elena Novenko, Barbara Stenni, Yarrow Axford, Liudmila Syrykh, Julien Emile-Geay, Nicolas Rolland, Bryan G. Mark, Jianyong Li, Andria Dawson, Mathew Fox, André F. Lotter, Jessica E. Tierney, Oliver Heiri, Stefan Engels, Ian R. Walker, Andrew P. Rees, Pol Tarrats, Valerie van den Bos, Konrad Gajewski, Brian M. Chase, Eugene R. Wahl, Martin Grosjean, Boris P. Ilyashuk, Thomas Brussel, Mónika Tóth, Enlou Zhang, Darrell S. Kaufman, Olivier Cartapanis, Magaly Caniupán, Julieta Massaferro, Reinhard Pienitz, John M. Fegyveresi, Manuel Bringué, Carrie Morrill, Gaute Velle, M. P. Erb, Marie Claude Fortin, Petr Pařil, Karin A. Koinig, Richard S. Vachula, Paola Moffa-Sanchez, Jeremiah Marsicek, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Utrecht University Palaeoecology, Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology (UTRECHT UNIVERSITY), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, University of Arizona, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Mount Royal University, Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institute of Environmental Physics [Heidelberg] (IUP), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Programme CIT, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Snecma Propulsion Solide (SPS), SAFRAN Group, University of Southern California (USC), Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Université d'Ottawa [Ontario] (uOttawa), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], University of Helsinki, Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Centre d'Etudes Nordiques (CEN), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Department of Geosciences and Geography [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Departemanto di Scienze Ambientali Informatica e Statistica (DAIS), University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Uni Research Environment, Uni Research Ltd, University of Bath [Bath], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, and Department of Geosciences and Geography

Subjects
Peat, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 580 Plants (Botany), computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, MILLENNIAL-SCALE CHANGES, Proxy (climate), purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https], INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE, HOLOCENE, 910 Geography & travel, lcsh:Science, Holocene, LAKE VUOLEP-NJAKAJAURE, geography.geographical_feature_category, Database, EASTERN TIBETAN PLATEAU, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Computer Science Applications, LATE-QUATERNARY VEGETATION, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE, PROXIES, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, geog, Geology, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, 1171 Geosciences, 010506 paleontology, NORTHERN NORTH-ATLANTIC, DATABASE, PALEOTEMPERATURE, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, education, Library and Information Sciences, Education, Paleoclimatology, SOUTH CHINA SEA, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Southern Hemisphere, 1172 Environmental sciences, POLLEN-BASED RECONSTRUCTION, 550 Earth sciences & geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], Intertropical Convergence Zone, Glacier, 15. Life on land, WESTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC, Sea surface temperature, 13. Climate action, Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica e Vulcanologia, Earth and Environmental Sciences, lcsh:Q, computer
Abstract

A comprehensive database of paleoclimate records is needed to place recent warming into the longer-term context of natural climate variability. We present a global compilation of quality-controlled, published, temperature-sensitive proxy records extending back 12,000 years through the Holocene. Data were compiled from 679 sites where time series cover at least 4000 years, are resolved at sub-millennial scale (median spacing of 400 years or finer) and have at least one age control point every 3000 years, with cut-off values slackened in data-sparse regions. The data derive from lake sediment (51%), marine sediment (31%), peat (11%), glacier ice (3%), and other natural archives. The database contains 1319 records, including 157 from the Southern Hemisphere. The multi-proxy database comprises paleotemperature time series based on ecological assemblages, as well as biophysical and geochemical indicators that reflect mean annual or seasonal temperatures, as encoded in the database. This database can be used to reconstruct the spatiotemporal evolution of Holocene temperature at global to regional scales, and is publicly available in Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format. Fil: Kaufman, Darrell. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: McKay, Nicholas. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: Routson, Cody. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: Erb, Michael. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: Davis, Basil. University Of Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Heiri, Oliver. University Of Basel; Suiza Fil: Jaccard, Samuel. University Of Bern; Suiza Fil: Tierney, Jessica. University of Arizona; Estados Unidos Fil: Dätwyler, Christoph. University Of Bern; Suiza Fil: Axford, Yarrow. Northwestern University; Estados Unidos Fil: Brussel, Thomas. University of Utah; Estados Unidos Fil: Cartapanis, Olivier. University Of Bern; Suiza Fil: Chase, Brian. Universite de Montpellier; Francia Fil: Dawson, Andria. Mount Royal University; Canadá Fil: de Vernal, Anne. Université du Québec a Montreal; Canadá Fil: Engels, Stefan. University of London; Reino Unido Fil: Jonkers, Lukas. University Of Bremen; Alemania Fil: Marsicek, Jeremiah. University of Wisconsin-Madison; Estados Unidos Fil: Moffa Sánchez, Paola. University of Durham; Reino Unido Fil: Morrill, Carrie. University of Colorado; Estados Unidos Fil: Orsi, Anais. Université Paris-Saclay; Francia Fil: Rehfeld, Kira. Heidelberg University; Alemania Fil: Saunders, Krystyna. Australian Nuclear Science And Technology Organisation; Australia Fil: Sommer, Philipp. University Of Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Thomas, Elizabeth. University At Buffalo; Estados Unidos Fil: Tonello, Marcela Sandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina Fil: Tóth, Mónika. Balaton Limnological Institute; Hungría Fil: Vachula, Richard. Brown University; Estados Unidos Fil: Andreev, Andrei. Alfred Wegener Institut Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research; Alemania Fil: Bertrand, Sebastien. Ghent University; Bélgica Fil: Massaferro, Julieta. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Parque Nacional "Nahuel Huapi"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Published
2020
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3. Publisher Correction: A global database of Holocene paleotemperature records

Author

M. P. Erb, Marie Claude Fortin, Enlou Zhang, Mathew Fox, Lukas Jonkers, Isabelle Larocque-Tobler, Anson W. Mackay, Richard S. Vachula, Magaly Caniupán, Julieta Massaferro, Brian M. Chase, Barbara Stenni, Mateusz Płóciennik, Liudmila Syrykh, Scott A. Reinemann, Oliver Heiri, Julien Emile-Geay, Nicolas Rolland, Walter Finsinger, Reinhard Pienitz, Karin A. Koinig, Petr Pařil, Stephen J. Roberts, Sebastien Bertrand, Anne de Vernal, Les C. Cwynar, Deborah Khider, Shyhrete Shala, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Tomi P. Luoto, Marcela Sandra Tonello, Vincent Montade, Paola Moffa-Sanchez, Andria Dawson, Boris P. Ilyashuk, Elena Novenko, Ian R. Walker, Christoph Dätwyler, Eugene R. Wahl, Andrew P. Rees, Martin Grosjean, Pol Tarrats, David F. Porinchu, Peter G. Langdon, Samuel L Jaccard, Boris K. Biskaborn, Yarrow Axford, Mónika Tóth, Basil A. S. Davis, Cody C. Routson, Kira Rehfeld, Jeremiah Marsicek, Aaron P. Potito, Valerie van den Bos, Manuel Chevalier, Naomi Holmes, Sakari Salonen, Karen J. Taylor, Nicholas P. McKay, Enikö Magyari, Philipp Sommer, Elena A. Ilyashuk, Matthew Peros, Emma J. Pearson, Steve Juggins, Krystyna M. Saunders, Janet M. Wilmshurst, Heikki Seppä, Louise C. Foster, Angela Self, Jeannine Marie St-Jacques, Manuel Bringué, Snezhana Zhilich, Anais Orsi, Olivier Cartapanis, Larisa Nazarova, Angelica Feurdean, Stephen J. Brooks, Sonja Hausmann, Steven B. Malevich, Stefan Engels, Bryan G. Mark, Jianyong Li, John M. Fegyveresi, Carrie Morrill, Gaute Velle, Thomas Brussel, Darrell S. Kaufman, André F. Lotter, Konrad Gajewski, Jessica E. Tierney, Andrei Andreev, and Markus Heinrichs

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, Data descriptor, Data Descriptor, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, MEDLINE, 910 Geography & travel, 580 Plants (Botany), Library and Information Sciences, Palaeoclimate, 01 natural sciences, Education, 03 medical and health sciences, 550 Earth sciences & geology, lcsh:Science, Climate and Earth system modelling, Holocene, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 0303 health sciences, Published Erratum, Publisher Correction, Computer Science Applications, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, lcsh:Q, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Cartography, Geology, Information Systems
Abstract

A comprehensive database of paleoclimate records is needed to place recent warming into the longer-term context of natural climate variability. We present a global compilation of quality-controlled, published, temperature-sensitive proxy records extending back 12,000 years through the Holocene. Data were compiled from 679 sites where time series cover at least 4000 years, are resolved at sub-millennial scale (median spacing of 400 years or finer) and have at least one age control point every 3000 years, with cut-off values slackened in data-sparse regions. The data derive from lake sediment (51%), marine sediment (31%), peat (11%), glacier ice (3%), and other natural archives. The database contains 1319 records, including 157 from the Southern Hemisphere. The multi-proxy database comprises paleotemperature time series based on ecological assemblages, as well as biophysical and geochemical indicators that reflect mean annual or seasonal temperatures, as encoded in the database. This database can be used to reconstruct the spatiotemporal evolution of Holocene temperature at global to regional scales, and is publicly available in Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format., Measurement(s)climateTechnology Type(s)digital curationFactor Type(s)temporal interval • geographic location • proxy typeSample Characteristic - Environmentclimate systemSample Characteristic - LocationEarth (planet) Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/27330

Published
2020
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4. Author Correction: A global database of Holocene paleotemperature records

Author

Manuel Chevalier, Deborah Khider, Magaly Caniupán, Julieta Massaferro, Manuel Bringué, Marcela Sandra Tonello, Scott A. Reinemann, Ian R. Walker, Elena A. Ilyashuk, Walter Finsinger, Stephen J. Roberts, Andrew P. Rees, Mathew Fox, Pol Tarrats, Les C. Cwynar, Karen J. Taylor, Emma J. Pearson, Steve Juggins, John M. Fegyveresi, Elizabeth K. Thomas, David F. Porinchu, Anais Orsi, Nicholas P. McKay, Boris P. Ilyashuk, Oliver Heiri, Lukas Jonkers, Thomas Brussel, Vincent Montade, Eugene R. Wahl, Sakari Salonen, Darrell S. Kaufman, Martin Grosjean, Boris K. Biskaborn, Olivier Cartapanis, Tomi P. Luoto, Naomi Holmes, Cody C. Routson, Reinhard Pienitz, Brian M. Chase, Samuel L Jaccard, Louise C. Foster, Christoph Dätwyler, Angela Self, Kira Rehfeld, Aaron P. Potito, Stefan Engels, Andrei Andreev, Markus Heinrichs, Julien Emile-Geay, Nicolas Rolland, Valerie van den Bos, Jeremiah Marsicek, Mónika Tóth, Carrie Morrill, Gaute Velle, Bryan G. Mark, Andria Dawson, Mateusz Płóciennik, Konrad Gajewski, Jianyong Li, Isabelle Larocque-Tobler, Barbara Stenni, Paola Moffa-Sanchez, Liudmila Syrykh, Enlou Zhang, Shyhrete Shala, André F. Lotter, Jessica E. Tierney, Karin A. Koinig, Sebastien Bertrand, Anne de Vernal, Enikö Magyari, Petr Pařil, Matthew Peros, Snezhana Zhilich, Richard S. Vachula, M. P. Erb, Marie Claude Fortin, Krystyna M. Saunders, Elena Novenko, Larisa Nazarova, Peter G. Langdon, Yarrow Axford, Janet M. Wilmshurst, Heikki Seppä, Jeannine Marie St-Jacques, Angelica Feurdean, Philipp Sommer, Stephen J. Brooks, Anson W. Mackay, Sonja Hausmann, Steven B. Malevich, and Basil A. S. Davis

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, lcsh:Q, Physical geography, Library and Information Sciences, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Author Correction, lcsh:Science, Geology, Holocene, Computer Science Applications, Education, Information Systems
Abstract

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Published
2020
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5. Environmental dynamics of the Baraba forest-steppe over the last 8000 years and their impact on the types of economic life of the population

Author

Snezhana Zhilich, Dmitry Pozdnyakov, Sergei Krivonogov, Larisa Nazarova, and Natalia Rudaya

Subjects
Palynology, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Global and Planetary Change, education.field_of_study, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Steppe, Ecology, Population, Fishing, Geology, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, 01 natural sciences, Paleolimnology, Geography, Period (geology), Institut für Geowissenschaften, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

This article offers a reconstruction of the vegetation and climate of the south-western Siberian Baraba forest-steppe area during the last ca. 8000 years. The analysis of palynological data from the sediment core of Lake Bolshie Toroki using quantitative methods has made it possible to reconstruct changes of the dominant types of vegetation and mean July air temperatures. Coniferous forests grew in the vicinity of the lake, and mean July air temperatures were similar to present-day ones between 7.9 and 7.0 kyr BP. The warmest and driest climate occurred at 7.0-5.0 kyr BP. At that time, the region had open steppe landscapes; birch groves began to spread. A cooling trend is seen after 5.5 kyr BP, when forest-steppe began to emerge. Steppe communities started to dominate again after 1.5 kyr BP. Mean July air temperatures lower than now are reconstructed for the period of 1.9-1 kyr BP, and then the temperatures became similar to present-day ones. Comparing the archaeological data on the types of economy of the population which inhabited the Baraba forest-steppe with the data on changes in the natural environment revealed a connection between the gradual transition from hunting and fishing to livestock breeding and the development of forest-steppe landscapes with a decrease in the area covered by forests. The development of the forest-steppe as an ecotonic landscape starting around 5 kyr BP might have contributed to the coexistence of several archaeological cultures with different types of economy on the same territory. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2017

6. Multiproxy study of the last meal of a mid-Holocene Oyogos Yar horse, Sakha Republic, Russia

Author

Ian D. Bull, Snezhana Zhilich, S. V. Trofimova, Elza Duijm, Fiona L. Gill, A. V. Protopopov, Guido van Reenen, Alexei Tikhonov, Aline M. Nieman, Rutger A. Vos, Barbara Gravendeel, Natalia Rudaya, Bas van Geel, and Paleoecology and Landscape Ecology (IBED, FNWI)

Subjects
Archeology, mid-Holocene, medicine.disease_cause, Alder, Pollen, medicine, Poaceae, Cyperaceae, ancient DNA, last meal, Holocene, Earth-Surface Processes, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, biology, Paleontology, Macrofossil, lipds, biology.organism_classification, Archaeology, Tundra, horse, Ancient DNA, Sakha Republic, macrofossils, pollen and spores
Abstract

The last meal of a horse that lived in the northern part of the Sakha Republic (Russia) c. 5400 years ago was studied using pollen, spores, botanical macroremains, lipid composition, and ancient DNA in order to reconstruct its components. Pollen of Poaceae was superabundant, but this may be because of over-representation as a consequence of grazed inflorescenses of grasses. We evaluate the paleo-environmental indicator value of the different methods applied. Botanical macrofossils and chemical data show what the animal had eaten. Pollen grains and the aDNA record also give information about taxa that occurred elsewhere in the landscape. The combined data point to an open landscape of a coastal tundra dominated by graminoids (Poaceae, Cyperaceae) with a limited amount of Birch and Alder.

Published
2014
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7. Postglacial history of the Steppe Altai: Climate, fire and plant diversity.

Author

Natalia, Rudaya, Sergey, Krivonogov, Michał, Słowiński, Xianyong, Cao, and Snezhana, Zhilich

Subjects
*PLANT diversity, *ENVIRONMENTAL history, *STEPPES, *FUELWOOD, *FOREST fires, *CHARCOAL, *CHEATGRASS brome, *TREE-rings
Abstract

The Steppe Altai is a natural transition zone between the Central Asian steppes and deserts and the Siberian taiga. Various lakes located in the Kulunda lowland, the biggest part of the Steppe Altai, provide a unique archive of the environmental history of the Altai Mountain piedmont and adjacent plains. Palaeorecords from two lakes, Maloye Yarovoye and Kuchuk, provide the longest high-resolution records of the Steppe Altai and south-western Siberia, allowing us to describe the environmental history of the region with high accuracy since the last deglaciation. The main objective of this study was to establish the interrelationship between plant biodiversity, climate, and fire dynamics in the Steppe Altai from postglacial time to present day. We used several techniques for this task, including pollen and geochemical analyses, quantitative reconstruction of climate and biodiversity using multivariate statistics, and estimation of macrocharcoal accumulation rates and sources of fuel. Based on analyses of the two palaeorecords, we conclude that plant diversity and evenness show a strong positive correlation with annual precipitation. Pinus sylvestris spread throughout Kulunda lowland after 10.8 ka BP, and maximal spread of mixed coniferous-deciduous forests in south-western Siberia occurred between 7.2 and 2.7 ka BP. We propose that the maximum development of the ribbon-like forests dominated by Scotch pine characterized the Steppe Altai at that time. Forest fires occurred sparsely during the Holocene but were not inherent in pre-Holocene time. Before 650 CE, the main fuel for the fire was grass; however, forest fires rapidly increased in the Steppe Altai after 650 CE and prevailed over steppe fires after 1420 CE. Increased fire activity over the last millennium was likely human-induced. • Plant diversity and evenness correlate positively with annual precipitation. • Mixed conifer and deciduous broad-leaf forests spread in south-west Siberia 7–3 ka BP. • Forest fires increased after 550 CE and wood fuel prevailed over grass after 1420 CE • Increased fire activity in the last millennium was likely human-induced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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